JPH02271363A - Electrophotographic sensitive body - Google Patents
Electrophotographic sensitive bodyInfo
- Publication number
- JPH02271363A JPH02271363A JP9062689A JP9062689A JPH02271363A JP H02271363 A JPH02271363 A JP H02271363A JP 9062689 A JP9062689 A JP 9062689A JP 9062689 A JP9062689 A JP 9062689A JP H02271363 A JPH02271363 A JP H02271363A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- resin
- protective layer
- photosensitive layer
- photosensitive
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 108091008695 photoreceptors Proteins 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001230 polyarylate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Diethoxyethane Chemical compound CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001342 Bakelite® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229930185605 Bisphenol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000004641 Diallyl-phthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011354 acetal resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000180 alkyd Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000410 antimony oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 aromatic bisphenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004984 aromatic diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004637 bakelite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012965 benzophenone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008366 benzophenones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QUDWYFHPNIMBFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(prop-2-enyl) benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate Chemical compound C=CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC=C QUDWYFHPNIMBFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006026 co-polymeric resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000008376 fluorenones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000113 methacrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoantimony Chemical compound [Sb]=O VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005668 polycarbonate resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004431 polycarbonate resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006380 polyphenylene oxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005990 polystyrene resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003987 resole Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011882 ultra-fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Photoreceptors In Electrophotography (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〔発明の目的〕 （産業上の利用分野） 本発明は電子写真感光体に関する。[Detailed description of the invention] [Purpose of the invention] (Industrial application field) The present invention relates to an electrophotographic photoreceptor.
（従来の技術）
複写機などのハード画像形成に用いる電子写真感光体と
しては数多くのものが知られている。この電子写真感光
体は基本的に導電性支持基体上に感光層が形成された構
成をとる。またこの感光層の保護を目的とした保護層を
設けることも通常良く行なわれている。(Prior Art) Many types of electrophotographic photoreceptors are known for use in forming hard images in copying machines and the like. This electrophotographic photoreceptor basically has a structure in which a photosensitive layer is formed on a conductive support base. It is also common practice to provide a protective layer for the purpose of protecting this photosensitive layer.
例えば１μｍ程度の光硬化性樹脂層を塗布したもの（特
開昭５５−５４５号）、金属酸化物を含む樹脂層を数μ
ｓ程度塗布したもの（特開昭５７−３０８４５号）等が
知られている。保護層は感光層への光照射の障害となっ
てはならないため、透明であることが要求され、かつ感
光層の保護という目的を達成しなければならない。従来
各種のものが検討されてはいるがこれらを十分満足する
ような保護層は得られていないのが現状である。For example, one coated with a photocurable resin layer of about 1 μm (Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 55-545), a resin layer containing metal oxide of several μm coated, etc.
A coating with a coating thickness of about 1.5 mm (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 57-30845) is known. The protective layer must not be an obstacle to light irradiation to the photosensitive layer, so it must be transparent and must also achieve the purpose of protecting the photosensitive layer. Various types of protective layers have been studied in the past, but at present no protective layer that fully satisfies these requirements has been obtained.
（発明が解決しようとする課題）
本発明は以上の問題点を考慮してなされたもので、保護
層を改善することにより、電子写真感光体の長寿命化及
び保存安定性を向上することを目的とする。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The present invention has been made in consideration of the above problems, and aims to extend the life span and storage stability of an electrophotographic photoreceptor by improving the protective layer. purpose.
（課題を解決するための手段及び作用）本発明者等が種
々の保護層について検討を重ねた結果、帯電露光繰返し
試験において最も安定した電子写真特性が得られたのは
フェノール樹脂であった。なかでも誘電率９体積抵抗率
及び絶縁破壊強さが特定の範囲にある場合が帯電露光特
性に優れたものであることが判明した。(Means and Effects for Solving the Problems) As a result of repeated studies by the present inventors on various protective layers, phenolic resin was found to provide the most stable electrophotographic characteristics in repeated charging and exposure tests. Among these, it has been found that the case where the dielectric constant 9 volume resistivity and dielectric breakdown strength are within a specific range has excellent charging exposure characteristics.
すなわち本発明は、感光層上に、誘電率が４以上２休積
抵抗率が１０１２Ω・１以下でかつ絶縁破壊強さが１８
ＫＶ／ａｍ以下であり、フェノール樹脂を主成分とする
保護層を形成したことを特徴とする電子写真感光体であ
る。この範囲のフェノール系樹脂で繰返し特性に優れた
電子写真感光体を得ることができ、この範囲をはずれる
と、感光体表面電位の上昇等の障害が生じる。That is, in the present invention, a photosensitive layer having a dielectric constant of 4 or more, a dead resistivity of 1012 Ω·1 or less, and a dielectric breakdown strength of 18
KV/am or less, and is an electrophotographic photoreceptor characterized by forming a protective layer containing a phenol resin as a main component. An electrophotographic photoreceptor with excellent repeatability can be obtained using a phenolic resin within this range, and when it is outside this range, problems such as an increase in the surface potential of the photoreceptor occur.
本発明における保護層は上記条件を満たしているフェノ
ール系樹脂であれば良く、レゾール型のものあるいはベ
ークライト等のどの範中に入るものでもよい。また実用
的な面からは、既存のワニスタイプのもの、クラッチフ
ェーシングに用いられるものあるいはブレーキライニン
グ用のフェノール樹脂を用いることができる。また感光
層との接着力は重要であり、感光層を構成するポリカー
ボネート、ボリアリレート等の樹脂との接着力の大きい
ものを選択する必要がある。更に耐摩耗性を考慮すると
保護層の摩擦係数は１００℃以下で０．４以下であるこ
とが好ましい。The protective layer in the present invention may be any phenolic resin that satisfies the above conditions, and may be of any type such as resol type or Bakelite. From a practical standpoint, existing varnish types, those used for clutch facings, or phenolic resins for brake linings can be used. Further, the adhesive strength with the photosensitive layer is important, and it is necessary to select a material that has a high adhesive strength with the resin such as polycarbonate or polyarylate that constitutes the photosensitive layer. Furthermore, in consideration of wear resistance, the coefficient of friction of the protective layer is preferably 0.4 or less at 100° C. or less.
保護層の膜厚は適宜設定でき、０．１〜２μの範囲が好
ましい。通常は１ミクロン前後が適当な膜厚である。ま
たこの保護層に適当な添加剤を混入することもでき１例
えば導電性の金属酸化物の超微粒子を添加した場合には
膜厚をさらに厚くすることもできる。The thickness of the protective layer can be set appropriately, and is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 2 μm. Usually, a suitable film thickness is around 1 micron. Further, suitable additives can be mixed into this protective layer. For example, when ultrafine particles of conductive metal oxide are added, the film thickness can be made even thicker.
添加物としては、酸化スズ、酸化アルミニウム。Additives include tin oxide and aluminum oxide.
酸化アンチモン、酸化亜鉛等の金属酸化物、芳香族ジア
ミン、フルオレノン類、ベンゾフェノン類。Metal oxides such as antimony oxide and zinc oxide, aromatic diamines, fluorenones, and benzophenones.
酸無水物、芳香族ビスフェノール類等の有機物などが挙
げられる。Examples include organic substances such as acid anhydrides and aromatic bisphenols.
第１図（ａ）は本発明の構成を示す概略断面図である。FIG. 1(a) is a schematic sectional view showing the configuration of the present invention.
Ａ２等の導電性基体ω上に電荷発生層■及び電荷輸送層
■からなる負帯電機能分離型の感光層に）が形成され、
この感光Ｍに）上に保護層■が形成されている。本発明
では感光層としては特に構造を規定する必要はなく、第
１図（ｂ）、（ｃ）、（ｄ）などいずれの場合でも良い
。A negatively charged function-separated photosensitive layer consisting of a charge generation layer (■) and a charge transport layer (■) is formed on a conductive substrate ω such as A2,
A protective layer (2) is formed on this photosensitive layer (M). In the present invention, there is no need to particularly define the structure of the photosensitive layer, and any of the structures shown in FIGS. 1(b), (c), and (d) may be used.
本発明が適用可能な感光体は正帯電、負帯電のどちらの
場合でもよい。特に電荷発生材料を上層に設けた正帯電
型の感光体の場合には効果的である。感光層に用いる樹
脂は一般のフェノール樹脂との密着性が良ければ特に限
定されない、従って、感光層材料としては１例えばポリ
エステル樹脂。The photoreceptor to which the present invention is applicable may be either positively charged or negatively charged. This is particularly effective in the case of a positively charged photoreceptor in which a charge generating material is provided as an upper layer. The resin used for the photosensitive layer is not particularly limited as long as it has good adhesion to common phenolic resins.Therefore, the photosensitive layer material may be, for example, polyester resin.
ポリカーボネート樹脂、ボリアリレート樹脂、ブチラー
ル樹脂、ポリスチレン樹脂、スチレーンブタジエン共重
合体樹脂、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂、ジアリルフタレ
ート樹脂、シリコーン樹脂。Polycarbonate resin, polyarylate resin, butyral resin, polystyrene resin, styrene-butadiene copolymer resin, polyvinyl acetal resin, diallyl phthalate resin, silicone resin.
ポリスルホン樹脂、アクリル樹脂、メタクリル樹脂、酢
酸ビニル樹脂、ポリフェニレンオキシド樹脂、アルキド
樹脂、スタレン−無水マレイン酸共重合体樹脂、フェノ
ール樹脂のようなものが挙げられる。これらは単独で用
いてもよいし二種以上混合してもよい。これらに電荷発
生剤、電荷輸送剤、更には必要に応じて増感剤等を添加
することにより感光層が形成される。Examples include polysulfone resin, acrylic resin, methacrylic resin, vinyl acetate resin, polyphenylene oxide resin, alkyd resin, starene-maleic anhydride copolymer resin, and phenol resin. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. A photosensitive layer is formed by adding a charge generating agent, a charge transporting agent, and, if necessary, a sensitizer and the like to these.
（実施例）
ＡＱ製の導電性基体上に各種感光層を形成しく第１図）
、その上にレジトップＰＬ−２２１２（群栄化学製）を
エタノールで４倍に希釈した保護層液を塗布した。保護
層はデイツプコーティングで０．５μｓと１１の厚さに
形成し、１０５℃で３時間加熱硬化させた。(Example) Forming various photosensitive layers on a conductive substrate made of AQ (Figure 1)
A protective layer solution prepared by diluting Regitop PL-2212 (manufactured by Gunei Chemical Co., Ltd.) four times with ethanol was applied thereon. The protective layer was formed by dip coating to a thickness of 0.5 μs and 11 mm, and was cured by heating at 105° C. for 3 hours.
この方法で作製した感光体の実機によるライフテストの
結果を第１表と第２表に示す。第１表はマイナス帯電（
構成は第１図（ａ））で東芝製ベージプリンター７３９
の結果で、第２表はプラス帯電（構成は第１図（Ｃ））
で、東芝製複写機Ｂ Ｄ −３１１０の結果である。こ
れより明らかなように、この保護層を使用することで、
数万枚の耐刷試験後も感光体の外観及び出力画像の変化
はない。Tables 1 and 2 show the results of a life test of the photoreceptor produced by this method using an actual machine. Table 1 shows the negative charge (
The configuration is shown in Figure 1 (a) and is a Toshiba page printer 739.
Table 2 shows the positive charge (the configuration is shown in Figure 1 (C)).
These are the results for the Toshiba copier BD-3110. As is clear from this, by using this protective layer,
There is no change in the appearance of the photoreceptor or the output image even after tens of thousands of sheets of printing test.
なおフェノール系樹脂でも誘電率、低積抵抗。Phenolic resin also has a low dielectric constant and low product resistance.
絶縁破壊強さが５本発明で規定する範囲をはずれたもの
は、繰返し時にただちに表面電位の上昇が確認された。In the cases where the dielectric breakdown strength was outside the range specified by the present invention, an increase in surface potential was immediately observed upon repetition.
（以下余白）
〔発明の効果〕
以上説明したように１本発明によれば長寿命でなおかつ
保存安定性にすぐれた電子写真感光体を得ることができ
る。(The following is a blank space) [Effects of the Invention] As explained above, according to the present invention, an electrophotographic photoreceptor having a long life and excellent storage stability can be obtained.
第１図は電子写真感光体の構成を示す概略断面図。
１・・・導電性基体 ２・・・電荷発生層３・・・
電荷輸送層 ４・・・感光層５・・・保護層
代理人 弁理士 則 近 憲 佑
同 松山光之FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view showing the structure of an electrophotographic photoreceptor. 1... Conductive substrate 2... Charge generation layer 3...
Charge transport layer 4...Photosensitive layer 5...Protective layer Agent Patent attorney Noriyuki Chika Yudo Mitsuyuki Matsuyama
Claims (1)
＾１＾２Ω・ｃｍ以下でかつ絶縁破壊強さが１８ＫＶ／
ｍｍ以下であり、フェノール樹脂を主成分とする保護層
を形成したことを特徴とする電子写真感光体。(1) On the photosensitive layer, the dielectric constant is 4 or more and the volume resistivity is 10.
＾1＾2Ω・cm or less and dielectric breakdown strength is 18KV/
An electrophotographic photoreceptor characterized by having a protective layer having a thickness of 1 mm or less and having a phenol resin as a main component.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9062689A JPH02271363A (en) | 1989-04-12 | 1989-04-12 | Electrophotographic sensitive body |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9062689A JPH02271363A (en) | 1989-04-12 | 1989-04-12 | Electrophotographic sensitive body |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02271363A true JPH02271363A (en) | 1990-11-06 |
Family
ID=14003691
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP9062689A Pending JPH02271363A (en) | 1989-04-12 | 1989-04-12 | Electrophotographic sensitive body |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH02271363A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1172702A1 (en) * | 2000-06-21 | 2002-01-16 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Electrophotographic photosensitive member, and process cartridge and electrophotographic apparatus including the photosensitive member |
| EP1174771A1 (en) * | 2000-06-21 | 2002-01-23 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Electrophotographic photosensitive member, process cartridge and electrophotographic apparatus |
-
1989
- 1989-04-12 JP JP9062689A patent/JPH02271363A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1172702A1 (en) * | 2000-06-21 | 2002-01-16 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Electrophotographic photosensitive member, and process cartridge and electrophotographic apparatus including the photosensitive member |
| EP1174771A1 (en) * | 2000-06-21 | 2002-01-23 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Electrophotographic photosensitive member, process cartridge and electrophotographic apparatus |
| AU757082B2 (en) * | 2000-06-21 | 2003-01-30 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Electrohotographic photosensitive member, and process cartridge and electrophotographic apparatus including the photosensitive member |
| KR100435017B1 (en) * | 2000-06-21 | 2004-06-09 | 캐논 가부시끼가이샤 | Electrophotographic Photosensitive Member, and Process Cartridge and Electrophotographic Apparatus Including the Photosensitive Member |
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