JPH02262912A - Cutting method by means of saw edge and its device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To avoid excessive tension and improve the life of a saw edge by giving a weaker tension to a bandsaw edge from the time when it is placed at a position where cutting is to be started immediately, or positions where it is not engaged with cutting, than tension given to it during its engagement with cutting, and processing a work cuttingly. CONSTITUTION:A predetermined tension P0 which fits the quality, shape and diameter (breadth) of a work W, is given to a bandsaw edge from the time when it is at a position where cutting is to be started immediately to the time when cutting is being conducted (from a cutting start position S2 to a cutting completion position S3). Also, a weaker tension P1 than the above P0 is given to the bandsaw edge from the time when it is at a start position S0 to the time when it is at a position where cutting is to be started immediately, and from the time when it is at a cutting completion position S3 to the time when it is at the lowest descent position S4, or from the time when it is at the lowest descent position S4 to the time when it returns to the start position S0, and cutting processing is conducted, and then, being given with excessive tension is avoided, and the life of the bandsaw edge is improved. The tension P1 is selected by the quality, shape and diameter (breadth) of the work.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Object of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a cutting method using a saw blade for cutting a workpiece with a saw blade in, for example, a band saw machine, and an apparatus therefor.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, in a band saw machine such as a horizontal band saw machine or a vertical band saw machine, a saw blade is wound around a drive wheel and a driven wheel, and a workpiece is cut with this saw blade. Moreover, a constant tension is always applied to the saw blade, which is wound around the drive wheel and the driven wheel, by a tension applying device.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) By the way, the constant tension applied to the saw blades that are wound around the conventional drive wheel and driven wheel described above is determined based on, for example, the maximum principal cutting force. When the principal cutting force is small, there is excessive tension. Therefore, the tension of the saw blade has a great influence on the life of the saw blade, from the viewpoint that the life of the saw blade is shortened by this excessive tension. However, until now, the tension of the saw blade has not been adequately controlled.

The purpose of this invention is to improve the above-mentioned problems by controlling the saw blade to always apply appropriate tension when cutting a workpiece with the saw blade, thereby extending the life of the saw blade as much as possible. An object of the present invention is to provide a cutting method using a saw blade and a device therefor.

[Structure of the Invention] (Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides that, when cutting a workpiece with a saw blade, during cutting from a position immediately before the start of cutting,
A predetermined tension is applied to the saw blade, and a tension weaker than the predetermined tension is applied to the saw blade at positions other than the position immediately before cutting starts and during cutting, thereby controlling the tension of the saw blade to cut into the workpiece. This is a cutting method that uses a saw blade to perform the processing.

In the cutting method using the saw blade, the tension of the saw blade is controlled to increase or decrease according to changes in the material, shape, diameter (width), saw speed, cutting resistance, cutting length, or wear of the saw blade of the workpiece. is desirable.

Further, in the cutting method using the saw blade, it is desirable that the predetermined tension applied to the saw blade during the cutting is controlled in accordance with changes in cutting resistance, cutting length, or wear of the saw blade.

Further, the present invention provides a tension applying device that applies tension to a saw blade that is wound around a plurality of saw blade wheels, a cutting resistance detection device that detects cutting resistance when cutting a workpiece with the saw blade, and this cutting resistance detection device. A cutting device using a saw blade was constructed by including a tension control device that controls the tension of the saw blade by detecting cutting resistance using the present invention.

(Function) By adopting the saw blade cutting method and device of the present invention, when cutting a workpiece with a saw blade, a predetermined tension is applied to the saw blade from the position immediately before cutting starts to during cutting. The material is applied and the workpiece is cut. The position of the saw blade from the position immediately before cutting starts to the position of the saw blade other than during cutting, for example, the position of the saw blade from the position before cutting to the initial starting position after cutting, or the position of the saw blade from the start position to the position immediately before starting cutting. By controlling the tension of the saw blade so as to apply a tension lower than the predetermined tension,
The life of the saw blade can be improved.

In addition, by increasing or decreasing the saw blade tension according to changes in workpiece material, shape, diameter (width), saw speed, cutting resistance, cutting length, or saw blade wear, the life of the saw blade can be further extended. Improvements will be made. Furthermore, by controlling a predetermined tension during cutting according to changes in cutting resistance, cutting length, or saw blade wear, the life of the saw blade can be further improved.

One of the cutting devices for carrying out the cutting method using the saw blade described above includes a tension applying device that applies tension to the saw blade, a cutting resistance detection device that detects cutting resistance, and a cutting resistance detection device that detects cutting resistance. The simplest and easiest method to control is to use a tension control device that controls the tension of the saw blade through detection.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings.

Referring to FIG. 3, a horizontal band saw machine 1 as a band saw machine is composed of a box-shaped base 3, a cutting head 5, etc., and the cutting head 5 is movable up and down on the base 3 via a horizontal hinge pin 7. It is pivotally supported.

A work table 9 on which the work W is placed is provided on the upper part of the base 3, and the work table 9 has a vice comprising a fixed vice jaw 11f and a movable vice jaw 11m that can freely clamp and fix the work W. A device 11 is provided.

The cutting head 5 is provided with housing parts 13.15 spaced apart on both sides, each housing part 13.15
is a beam member 1 with an upper control box 17
connected by 9.

The housing parts 13 and 15 of the cutting head 5 are provided with a drive wheel 21 and a driven wheel 23, respectively, on a shaft 25.
27, and an endless bandsaw blade B is wound around the driving wheel 21 and the driven wheel 23. Therefore, by driving the drive wheel 21, the band saw blade B is driven to travel in order to cut the workpiece W.

A fixed guide member 31 and a movable guide member 33 are attached to the two guide members fixed to the beam member 19, and the band saw blade B cuts the work W by the fixed guide member 31 and the movable guide member 33. In the cutting area where
The band saw blade B is guided and supported so that the tooth tips of the band saw blade B face vertically downward. Further, the fixed guide member 31 is fixedly attached to the guide member 29, and the movable guide member 33 is attached so as to be adjustable in position to correspond to the size of the workpiece W.

The cutting head 5 is configured to be rotated up and down around the hinge pin 7 by a lifting cylinder 37 equipped with a piston rod 35, and by the action of the lifting cylinder 37, the band saw blade B cuts into the workpiece W and lifts it. Attrition can be controlled.

An endless band saw blade B is wound around the drive wheel 21 and the driven wheel 23, and a drive motor 3 is attached to the foot 25 of the drive wheel 21, as shown in FIG.
The drive motor 39 has a power detector 4 such as a dynamometer that detects the power of the drive motor 39.
1 are connected.

In addition, at the foot 27 of the driven wheel 23, there is a speed control detector 43 such as a proximity switch that detects the rotation speed (speed control) of the band saw blade B.
is provided.

Further, the tip of a piston rod 47 of a tension cylinder 45 serving as a tension applying device for adjusting the tension of the band saw blade B is attached to the shaft 27 of the driven wheel 23. The tension cylinder 45 has four front cylinder chambers and a rear cylinder chamber 51 formed therein.

One end of a piping 53 is connected to the front cylinder chamber 49, and the other end of the piping 53 is connected to the B boat of a four-point, three-position switching valve 55.

One end of a pipe 57 is connected to the rear cylinder chamber 51, and the other end of the pipe 57 is connected to the A boat of the switching valve 55.

The switching valve 55 can be manually switched to three positions by operating a lever 59. In addition, the switching valve 55
may be switched automatically using a solenoid or the like instead of manually.

A pressure control valve 63 is connected to the P boat of the switching valve 55 via a pipe 61, and a drive motor 65 for adjusting pressure is connected to the pressure control valve 63. A pressure source 69 is connected to the pressure valve control valve 63 via a pipe 67.

A tank 73 is connected to the T port of the switching valve 55 via a pipe 71.

With the above configuration, when the drive motor 39 is driven, the shaft 2
Since the drive wheel 21 is rotated via the drive wheel 5, the band saw blade B, which is wound around the drive wheel 21 and the driven wheel 23, is driven to travel. The power of the drive motor 39 when the band saw blade B is traveling is detected by the power detector 41, and the speed control of the band saw blade B is detected by the speed control detector 43.

Further, pressure oil from the pressure source 69 is sent to the pressure control valve 63 via a pipe 67, and the pressure is controlled by the pressure control valve 63 and sent to the pipe 61. The pressure oil sent to the pipe 61 is transferred to the P boat and the B boat by operating the lever 59 and switching the switching valve 55.
When the water is communicated with the boat, it is sent to the front cylinder chamber 49 via the piping 53. As the piston rod 47 moves to the left in FIG. 1, the tension on the band saw blade B increases.

Further, when the switching valve 55 is switched to connect the P boat and the A port, the pressure oil sent to the pipe 61 is sent to the rear cylinder chamber 51 via the pipe 57. As the piston rod 47 moves to the right in FIG. 1, the tension on the band saw blade B decreases.

Since the cutting head 5 is rotated up and down around the hinge pin 7 by the action of the lifting cylinder 37,
The vertical position of the band saw blade B can be determined by detecting the rotation angle of the hinge pin 7 using, for example, an encoder, and since this is already known, a detailed explanation will be omitted. 75 is provided, and this elevation detection device 75 is connected to an arithmetic processing device 77.

Further, the power detecting device 41 and speed regulating detector 43 are also connected to the arithmetic processing bag M77.

When cutting workpiece W with band saw blade B on horizontal band saw machine 1, principal cutting force F as cutting resistance is F-102X
...(1)■ However, H: Power of the drive motor 39 (kW) V: Speed governor (m
/see).

In addition, the tension P of the band saw blade B is p-α×F However, α: constant It is expressed as

Therefore, ...(2) HHP-102・α・□ −β・□・・
・(3) v v However, β-102・α becomes °.

Therefore, the power H detected by the power detection device 41,
The speed governor V detected by the speed governor detection device 43 is taken into the arithmetic processing device 77, and the arithmetic processing device 77 performs arithmetic processing according to the above equation (3) to determine the tension P of the bandsaw blade B. .

The arithmetic processing unit 77 controls the drive motor 65 of the pressure control valve 63 so that the tension P calculated by the arithmetic processing unit 77 is achieved, and the piston rod 47 of the tension cylinder 45 moves in the left-right direction in FIG. The tension of the bandsaw blade B is controlled by this.

For example, as shown in Fig. 2, the band saw blade B is lowered at high speed from the start position So of the band saw blade B to the position S1 just before the start of cutting, and then lowered at low speed from the position S just before the start of cutting. When the cutting start position S2 is reached, cutting of the workpiece W starts and continues until the cutting end position S3. The band saw blade B passes the cutting end position S3 and reaches the lowest position S4
When the band saw blade B reaches the position So, the band saw blade B switches to ascending position and returns to the original starting position So.

In this cutting process, during cutting from position S immediately before cutting start (from cutting start position S2 to cutting end position S3),
A predetermined tension p that matches the material, shape, and diameter (width) of the work W
o is applied to the bandsaw blade B by the tension cylinder 45. Also, from the start position So to the position S1 immediately before the start of cutting.
, from the cutting end position S3 to the lowermost position S4, or from the lowermost position S4 to the start position SO, the tension P1 applied to the band saw blade B by the tension cylinder 45 is equal to the predetermined value. If cutting is performed with the tension less than po (P+ <Po), excessive tension will be avoided to be applied to the band saw blade B, and the life of the band saw blade B will be improved by several orders of magnitude compared to the conventional method. be able to. Note that the value of the tension P is appropriately selected depending on the material, shape, and diameter (width) of the workpiece W. Further, the position of the band saw blade B is sequentially detected by an elevation detection device 75.

Although the tension cylinder 45 was used as the tension applying device in the explanation, instead of the tension cylinder 45,
It is also possible to use screw feed and a motor.

Further, as the cutting resistance, the tension P is determined from the principal cutting force F, but the tension P may be determined by detecting the thrust force instead of the principal cutting force F.

In the above-mentioned cutting process, if a cutting material is used as the workpiece W, the regulating speed V can be increased, and although the number of repeated bending increases, the tension P can be reduced, so the band saw blade B
can extend the lifespan of

If a difficult-to-cut material is used as the workpiece W, the regulating speed V is reduced to prevent cutting bending, and the tension P is increased, but the number of repeated bending is small, so the life of the band saw blade B can be extended.

When the diameter of the workpiece W is large, the cutting resistance is large, so the tension P is increased to prevent cutting bending, and when the diameter of the workpiece W is small, the cutting resistance is small, so the tension P is increased. The life of the band saw blade B can be extended by lowering the tension P.

In addition, since the cutting length is related to the diameter (width) of the workpiece W, and the speed control is related to cutting resistance, the tension of the band saw blade B is increased or decreased even when the cutting length and speed control are changed, and the tension of the band saw blade B is also changed. When the band saw blade B wears out and the cutting resistance increases, it is necessary to increase the tension of the band saw blade B.

Further, the predetermined tension applied to the band saw blade B during cutting may be changed depending on cutting resistance, cutting length, wear of the band saw blade B, and the like.

Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and can be implemented in other embodiments by making appropriate changes. For example, in this embodiment, the horizontal bandsaw machine 1
However, it is also possible to use a cutting machine such as a vertical band saw, a hacksaw, or a circular saw.

[Effects of the Invention] As can be understood from the above description of the embodiments, according to the present invention, a predetermined tension is applied to the saw blade during cutting from a position immediately before starting cutting, and By applying a tension weaker than the predetermined tension to the workpiece at the saw blade position other than during cutting, it is possible to avoid applying excessive tension to the saw blade. The lifespan can be improved compared to the conventional method.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a horizontal bandsaw machine according to an embodiment of the present invention, and shows the position of the band saw blade when the band saw blade is used to cut the workpiece. The explanatory diagram, FIG. 3, is a front view of a horizontal bandsaw machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) When cutting a workpiece with a saw blade, a predetermined tension is applied to the saw blade during cutting from the position immediately before cutting starts, and at any other saw blade position other than during cutting from the position immediately before cutting starts. A cutting method using a saw blade, characterized in that the tension of the saw blade is controlled by applying a tension weaker than a predetermined tension to the workpiece to cut the workpiece. (2) In claim (1), the tension of the saw blade may be increased or decreased in accordance with changes in the material, shape, diameter (width), saw speed, cutting resistance, cutting length, or wear of the saw blade of the workpiece. A cutting method using a saw blade characterized in that it is controlled. (3) The saw blade according to claim (1), wherein the predetermined tension applied to the saw blade during cutting is controlled according to changes in cutting resistance, cutting length, or wear of the saw blade. Cutting method. (4) A tension applying device that applies tension to the saw blades that are wound around a plurality of saw blade wheels, a cutting resistance detection device that detects cutting resistance when cutting a workpiece with the saw blade, and cutting resistance caused by this cutting resistance detection device. A cutting device using a saw blade, comprising: a tension control device that controls the tension of the saw blade by detecting the tension of the saw blade.