JPH022436Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a pulverizer for pulverizing objects made of various materials such as disposable syringes, empty bottles, and empty cans.

(Prior Art and its Problems) Conventionally, for example, as a crusher, there are a crusher for synthetic resins and a crusher for metals. The former uses a rotating blade whose cutting edge is inclined in the direction of rotation to efficiently shear synthetic resin, but when this crusher shears metal such as empty cans, the cutting edge tends to spill out. There is a problem of shortened lifespan.

The latter uses a rotating blade whose cutting edge is tilted in the counter-rotational direction to reliably shear metal such as empty cans, but when synthetic resin is sheared with this crusher, the synthetic resin is attached to the cutting edge. There is a problem in that the particles adhere to each other and form a built-up edge, reducing shearing capacity and shearing efficiency.

By the way, for example, disposable syringes are used in hospitals to prevent infection by pathogenic bacteria, but this type of syringe consists of a synthetic resin body and a metal needle, so it is not recommended to use the above-mentioned syringes. If you try to crush it with a conventional crusher, you have to separate the syringe into a synthetic resin body and a metal needle, and then crush both parts with a dedicated crusher, which naturally requires separation work. There are disadvantages in that it requires a lot of effort and many different types of crushers.

(Purpose of the invention) In view of the above conventional problems, the present invention efficiently crushes objects made of various materials without any sorting.
Moreover, it is an object of the present invention to provide a pulverizer that can pulverize without spilling the cutting edge part.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, the present invention provides a crusher main body 2 which has a crushed material input port 11 at the upper part and a crushed material discharge port 12 at the lower part. A plurality of rotary blades 16 are provided radially around the drive shaft 15, each rotary blade 16 has a blade mount 18, and each blade mount 18 has a rotary blade 19 with its cutting edge. The part 23 is removably fixed in a state tilted in the counter-rotation direction, and a fixed blade 21 is removably fixed to the crusher main body 2 in correspondence with the rotary blade 19, and the double blades 19, 21 are fixed in a removable manner. A configuration is adopted in which the facing angle between the cutting edge portions 23 and 31 is set at 8 to 10 degrees.

(Example) An example of the present invention will be described based on FIGS. 1 to 6. As shown in FIG. 6, a crusher main body 2 is disposed on a trapezoidal housing 1, and the crusher main body 2
A chute 3 for introducing materials to be crushed is provided above.
A drive motor is provided in the housing 1 to rotate a flywheel 6 on the side of the crusher main body 2 via a drive pulley 4 and a belt 5.
A dust collection box 9 is provided on the side of the pulverizer body 2 for collecting the pulverized material that has been pulverized by the pulverizer main body 2 and discharged to the outside of the housing 1 via the discharge chute 8.

As shown in FIG. 1, the crusher main body 2 has a cylindrical portion 2b integrally formed between a pair of parallel side plate portions 2a, and a cover communicating with the input chute 3 at the top of the cylindrical portion 2a. A crushed material inlet 11 is formed, and a crushed material discharge port 12 communicating with the discharge chute 8 is formed at the bottom thereof. A filter 14 made of a rod or a punch plate, etc., having a filter hole 13 of about 10 mm in diameter penetrated therethrough is fixed to the crushed material outlet 12 with screws.

A drive shaft 15 is disposed concentrically within the cylindrical portion 2b, and the aforementioned flywheel 6 is fixed to one end of the drive shaft 15. The drive shaft 15
A plurality of rotary blades 16 are fixed with a key 17, and two to four (three in this embodiment) blade mounts 18 extending in the radial direction of each rotary blade 16 are equipped with throw-away type rotary blades 19. However, the cutting edge portion 23 is removably fixed by a fixing member 20 such as a bolt in a state in which the cutting edge portion 23 is slightly inclined in the counter-rotational direction.

A rotary blade 1 is provided at a position diagonally 45 degrees from the drive shaft 15 of the cylindrical portion 2b of the crusher main body 2 and at a horizontal position thereof.
Throwaway type fixed blade 21 corresponding to 9
is removably fixed by a fixing member 22 such as a bolt.

The input chute 3 consists of a top plate part 3a that covers the upper surface of the crusher main body 2, and a rectangular cylindrical chute main body 3b that rises from the center of the top plate part 3a and then extends obliquely upward to the front side. Then, the chute body 3
At the entrance of b, there is an opening/closing lid 25 that is rotatable about a support shaft 24, a helical spring 26 that biases the opening/closing lid 25 in the direction of closing the entrance, and an opening/closing lid 25 that is fixed to the outer periphery of the entrance so that the opening/closing lid 25 can be shut off. A stopper edge 27 is provided to prevent the main body 3b from rotating outward.
Note that 28 is a decorative plate bolted to the front and rear surfaces of the crusher main body 2.

As shown in FIG. 2, the rotary blade 19 is attached to the blade mount 1
The fixed blade 21 is placed on the pedestal 30 of the cylindrical part 2b, and the cutting edge part 31 passes from the outside through the slit 32 of the cylindrical part 2b into the cylindrical part 2b. It is made to stand out.

Then, the cutting edge portions 23, 3 of the double-edged blades 19, 21
The facing angle α between the two is set at 8 to 10 degrees, preferably 9 degrees. Experiments have shown that when the angle is less than 8 degrees, the blade tends to chip when shearing metal, and when it is more than 10 degrees, the cracks generated in the object to be crushed due to the shearing of the two blade edges 23 and 31 are removed. It has been found that the particles do not coalesce, reducing the shearing efficiency, and in the case of synthetic resin grinding machines, they stick together and form built-up edges.

Also, the clearance β between both cutting edge parts 23 and 31 is
It is set to 0.02 to 0.1 mm, preferably 0.08 mm. If it is less than 0.02 mm, the double blades 19 and 21 will be too close and the cutting edge parts 23 and 31 will overheat, and if it is more than 0.1 mm,
Since the two blades 19 and 21 are too far apart, shearing efficiency decreases.

Furthermore, the rotation speed of the rotor blade 16 is 100 to 450 r.pm,
Preferably, 250 rpm is appropriate. Below 100r.pm, the shearing efficiency is too low. At 450 rpm or higher, as shown in FIG. 1, the material to be crushed 35 introduced into the cylindrical portion 2b through the input chute 3 is splashed by the high speed rotation of the rotor blade 16 and is caught between the blades 19 and 21. It becomes difficult.

In FIG. 2, the fixture 20 of the rotary blade 19 is
A bolt 37 is fixed to the blade mount 18 with a holding pin 36 that penetrates the rotary blade 19 and is inserted into a hole in the blade mount 18 so as to be freely inserted and removed, and whose head abuts the rotary blade 19. It also consists of a presser metal fitting 38 whose tip is pressed against the head of the presser pin 36, and when replacing the rotary blade 19, the bolt 3
7, rotate the presser metal fitting 38, and remove the presser pin 36.

Furthermore, the fixture 22 of the fixed blade 21 includes a bolt 40 passing through the pedestal 30 and the long hole 39 of the fixed blade 21,
The fixing nut 41 is screwed onto the bolt 40 to fix the fixed blade 21 to the pedestal 30.
In addition, 42 is a back-up metal fitting, which is attached to the pedestal 3.
A fixing rod 44 fixed with a bolt 43 to the rear end of 0
, a back-up bolt 45 that is screwed into the screw hole of the fixing rod 44 and whose tip end presses against the rear end surface of the fixed blade 21 , and a lock nut 46 that is screwed into the back-up bolt 45 .

As shown in FIG. 3, the rotary blade 19 has a short prismatic shape that is a regular square in front view, and by rotating it every 90 degrees or turning it upside down, the eight side edges can be 19a to 19h can be used as the cutting edge portion 23.

The fixed blade 21 is a prismatic body with an H-shaped cross section and a recessed part 48 formed in the center of the upper and lower surfaces.
By rotating it 180 degrees or turning it upside down, the four side edges 21a to 21d can be aligned with the cutting edge part 31.
It can be done.

As shown in FIG. 4, in this embodiment, eight rotary blades 16 are provided, and each of the rotary blades 16 is disposed in close contact with each other over the entire width inside the cylindrical portion 2b. It is fixed to the drive shaft 15 by the key 17 described above. Further, the flywheel 6 is fixed to the drive shaft 15 with a key 50 and bolts 51. Reference numeral 52 denotes a pair of bearing plates inserted into both ends of the cylindrical portion 2b and whose outer peripheral portions are bolted to each side plate portion 2a, and rotatably supports the drive shaft via bearings 53. It is.

As shown in FIG. 5, the rotary blades 19 are disposed so as to be sequentially displaced in the rotational direction, so as to reduce the shear stress applied to each rotary blade 19.

In the above configuration, the object to be crushed 35 is the cylindrical portion 2c
Inside, the blade is circulated by the rotary blade 16, and sheared by the rotary blade 19 and the fixed blade 21 during the circulation. The crushed pieces finely crushed to the extent that they can pass through the filter holes 13 of the filter 14 are collected into the dust collection box 9 through the discharge chute 8.

In the above embodiment, only one set of rotary blades 16 is provided, but as shown in FIG. 7, two sets of rotary blades 16 may be arranged in parallel. According to this configuration, it is possible to crush a large object to be crushed or a large amount of objects to be crushed.

(Invention of the invention) According to the crusher of the present invention, the cutting edge of the rotary blade is inclined in the opposite direction of rotation, and the facing angle between the cutting edge of the rotating blade and the fixed blade is 8 to 10 degrees. The blades do not spill even when crushing metals, and built-up edges do not form when crushing synthetic resins, making it possible to efficiently crush objects made of various materials. can. Furthermore, not only the rotary blade but also the fixed blade can be replaced, and since both blades have multiple cutting edges, you can maintain stability over a long period of time simply by changing the mounting position of the cutting edge. It is easy to maintain and inspect.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 to 6 show an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the main body of the crusher, Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the rotary blade and fixed blade, and Figure 3 is the same. 4 is a perspective view of the parts, FIG. 4 is a view taken from the - arrow in FIG. 1, FIG. 5 is a view taken from the - arrow of FIG. 1, FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the crusher, and FIG. FIG. 2 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view showing an example. 2...Crusher main body, 11...Input port for materials to be crushed,
12...Crushed material discharge port, 15...Drive shaft, 16...
...Rotary blade, 18...Blade mounting base, 19...Rotary blade,
20...Fixing tool, 21...Fixed blade, 22'...Fixing tool, 23, 31...Blade tip, α...Face angle.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A plurality of rotary blades are provided in a pulverizer main body having a crushing material input port at the top and a crushed material discharge port at the bottom, radially radially from the drive shaft.
Each of the rotary blades has a blade mount, and a rotary blade is removably fixed to each blade mount with its cutting edge inclined in the opposite direction of rotation. A crusher in which a fixed blade is removably fixed in correspondence with the blade, and the facing angle between the cutting edges of both blades is set at 8 to 10 degrees.