JPH02242581A - Cooker - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To improve efficiency of heating means by providing electric heating means at a lower side of a support plate in a film shape. CONSTITUTION: An electric cooking device has a thin steel plate, and a glass, ceramic, or glass ceramic based support plate 15, and a thick film resistance 16 for electric heating at a lower side of this support plate 15. This support plate 15 can be constituted as a plate with its large area having some cocking points or an individual plate, and the support plate 15 is received by a mounting rim 26. A temperature regulation and adjustment sensor 22 is applied to the lower side of the support plate in the film resistance shape. Thereby, in particular, high efficiency can be accomplished, and more significant efficiency improvement than ordinary heating means is achieved.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Industrial Application The invention is useful for cooking appliances, for example as full-face appliances with a continuous cooking surface containing several cooking points, or as individual appliances intended to be placed in an oven or fireplace. The present invention relates to a cooking utensil including a hot plate.

An object of this invention is to provide such a hot plate and/or
Or to improve the heating means of the hot plate.

The invention provides a hot plate having one or more of the features of the invention described below. This invention can be used alone or in any subcombination to implement the invention.

The hot plate support can be made of metal, in particular sheet metal, preferably chrome steel.

Chrome steel types 1.4742 and 1.4016 have proven particularly useful. However, the hot plate support can also be made of a glass, such as quartz glass, or a ceramic based on aluminum titanate, aluminum nitride or silicon nitride, or likewise a glass ceramic. A quartz material having optical properties different from that of quartz glass can also be used instead of quartz glass.

However, this is not very important in the case of this invention. Composite materials can also be used, for example metal with a dielectric insulation layer applied to the bottom of the hot plate support and/or metal enamelled on the top side. Particularly in the case of chrome steel support plates, it is preferred to provide the hot plate 1 surface with a dark-colored heat-resistant enamel. This is because chrome steel changes color at the temperature at which it occurs.
This is because it cannot be overlooked from a visual point of view.

However, as mentioned above, these support plates can be used as separate hot plates or as a complete plate with heating means arranged in a strip below the hot plate.

In the case of chrome steel plates, a single plate is preferred to prevent warping.

It is advantageous to provide heating via a thick film resistor. Thick film resistors are applied directly to the underside of the support in the case of insulating supports. On the other hand, in the case of conductors or potential conductors, thick film resistors are applied using incompatible materials in the heating system to the corresponding intermediate layer. Thick film resistors can be applied to the support by screen printing, scraping, or inkjet applications. These thick film resistors are very thin films that can be arranged in arbitrarily meandering shapes to obtain the required resistance. And the thick film resistor is
Examples include good conducting metals based on silver, copper, nickel or aluminum. Alternatively, thick film resistors can be used in the form of true resistive films. Electric current flows over a wide area through this highly conductive metal, and it is based on ruthenium. The conductive components are placed in molten glass or other powdered or pasty media. The molten glass or medium may also contain oxides as binders, which are applied by the process described above and finally melted or heat-dried. A dielectric coating is optionally provided on the support as a composite or intermediate coating. This dielectric coating can be applied in the same manner as a thin glass film applied in paste form.

A connection or terminal is effectively provided by an enlarged contact plate soldered onto the pin. Hard solder consists of metal-filled glass paste. Hard solder is preferably applied to the contact points by screen printing. As a result, for example, nickel bolts on the intended contact surface can be directly brazed using a high temperature brazing process. The strands can be fixed to the connecting bolts by a conventional welding process.

Temperature limiting or control can be effected mechanically or electrically. Thin-film temperature sensors as sensors have, for example, a positive or negative thermal resistance characteristic (PTC or NTC) on the support.
sensor) can be installed in the form of a sensor layer. By effectively mounting several sensors at different locations on the support, or by effectively mounting one or more sensors that determine the temperature over a wide range,
It is also possible to detect temperature differences within the support. This allows the automatic cooking system to detect the stewpot. Consider whether the stewpot loses a little output due to an uneven bottom or low filling volume, for example.

Temperature limiting with the preferred printed sensor is accomplished as follows. In other words, the support should not be warped or thermally overloaded. In the case of metal supports, warpage is a major problem, especially if the metal support is relatively thin. However, this warping problem can be overcome by choosing a material with a low coefficient of expansion. The preferred temperature limit is 350-500°C, preferably 400-500°C.
It is between 450°C. Full cooking and roasting operations can be carried out at these temperatures. Moreover, warpage is limited. Therefore, it is particularly suitable for hot plates. The hot plate preferably transfers heat directly. On the other hand, the bottom of the radiant heating hot plate is partially exposed to high temperatures.
Glass-ceramics reach the permissible temperature limit of 6,000 kg or more. However, the temperature can again be reliably detected here and limited by a print sensor.

A typical hot plate can be, for example, circular or other suitable shape, such as an elongated oval or polygon. It is also possible to have a double circular structure, for example a double circular center with independently switchable cooking points. The cooking point can be adapted to various stewpan dimensions as well as having a central circular cooking area. Switched heating points extend on one or both sides of the circular cooking area to provide an elongated shape to the circular cooking area.

The support can also be divided into regions to allow for different base temperature settings or different settings. These temperature settings are used for roasting, cooking and warming, for example. Also, in the case of individual hotplates, they can be of mostly flat construction.

That is, the setting or shaping plates surrounding each plate are fitted at approximately the same height.

The sealing between each hot plate and the fireplace or setting plate is carried out using silicone seals or fused glass, especially in conjunction with metal edges or frames. The plate itself is made of glass or ceramic, for example, and is fused or bonded with a low-melting glass to the ring surrounding it, making it completely airtight. Using materials with comparable or identical coefficients of expansion and considering the temperature at each point is preferred for the rim, plate and any molten glass.

When using a substantially transparent or translucent support plate, the thick film conductor and/or colored layer located below the support plate, such as the back insulation layer, can be decorated. From this, specific cooking points can be displayed as desired.

Particularly high efficiencies can be achieved by making the components responsible for heating conductivity and good thermal conductivity low in volume and with low thermal inertia (in the case of chrome steel metal heat conduction and in the case of glass high radiation fractions). can get. 5 compared to normal heating means
Efficiency improvements of more than 0% have been achieved.

Thermal insulation for the bottom part is effectively performed through a heat insulating mat or an insulating material mold, so that the distance between the thick film resistor and the mat is preferably several mm'B, and preferably the groove is 2 mm. Can hold air or create a vacuum. The decorative coating on the side facing away from the support plate, ie under the heating conductor, serves at the same time to protect the heating conductor.

Summary of Examples Referring to FIG. The electric cooking appliance has a support plate 15 made of sheet steel, glass, ceramic or glass-ceramic.
has. A thick film resistor 16 for electrical heating is set below the support plate 15. The support plate can be configured as a large area plate with several cooking points or as an individual plate, and is received by a mounting rim 26.

The temperature limit and regulation sensor 22 is applied in membrane resistive fashion to the underside of the support plate.

Embodiment FIG. 1 is a plan view of a cooking utensil 11. This cooking utensil 1
1 is provided with a mounting plate or a built-in plate or a shaping plate 15. The plate 15 is fitted into a working plate 12, for example a two-part cover plate of kitchen furniture. The lower side of this mounting plate 15 is made of glass ceramic, and a glass insulating layer is optionally interposed in the glass ceramic. The mounting plate 15 is 4
There are two heating points 13, each heating point comprising two concentric heating resistors in the form of thick film resistors. The drawing shows the decoration of the hot plate surface, with two concentric separate actuatable areas at any heating point.

FIG. 2 shows a cross-section of the individual cooking points 14.

The cooking point 14 is the upper quartz glass support plate 1
5. A thick film resistor 16 is provided by coating the lower side of the support plate 15.

The support plate 15 is arranged on the rim of the support shell 17. The support shell 1.7 is set at the open end of the mounting plate 1.9 by an extension rim 4.8. The support shell 17 is then supported on the underside by a spring element 20.

The support plate can be made of hardened glass, for example, but also enamelled sheet steel or V2A steel. The thermal insulator 21 is arranged on a flat support shell at a distance from the underside of the heating means 16 .

FIG. 3 also shows a support plate 15 made of quartz glass. On the underside of this support plate 15, thick film resistors 1 are placed in some areas, for example to provide two circuits.
6 is directly applied. Sensors 22 for temperature regulation and/or limitation are similarly mounted on the underside.

The entire back surface is covered with a colored protective layer 23. The protective layer 23 can also be made to glow faintly through the quartz glass plate. The edge or rim of the support plate 15 is received in a rim of stainless steel sheet. The stainless steel sheet rim has an inward and downwardly extending sag 24, a corner or bend 25 and a downwardly extending flange 26 at the edge of the support plate. The stainless steel sheet rim is initially substantially horizontal and then slopes down at an angle and rests on the shoulder of the setting plate 19. The stainless steel sheet rim is made by forming sheet metal. On the inside of the shoulder 27 there is a downward facing edge 2.
8 are connected, and there is a depression 2 on the outside of the shoulder 27.
9 continues. In the vicinity of the corner 25 of the receiver, the rim of the support plate 15 is fixed by melting or fusing using easily melted glass made from glass paste.

FIG. 4 shows a structure in which the rim of the support plate 15 is concentrically flared downward and surrounded by the peripheral area 30 of the support shell 17, with a silicone seal interposed therebetween.

The mounting plate 19 is again made of hardened glass and is mated with silicone seals. Support shell 17 is secured to the opening in mounting plate l-19 by means of resilient tongues 31. The resilient tongue 31 snaps into place on the rear side of the opening rim when pressing the unit into the setting opening.

FIG. 5 shows the corresponding structure. In order to reduce the height of the attachment of the cooking surface 33 to the surface of the tray plate 19, the attachment plate 19 is provided in an open area with a recess 34 extending all around the upper part. This hollow 34
The corner portion 25 can be inserted into the receiver. The upper horizontally extending outer flange 35 of the support shell rests on the setting plate surface and may include enamelled sheet steel. The corners 25 of the heating support plate 15 can be sufficiently received in the same manner as in FIG. 3, but the corners are not as deep as the thickness of the support plate. Therefore, the peripheral area of the support plate is formed obliquely.

FIG. 6 shows a structure corresponding to FIG. Identical parts throughout the structure are given the same reference numerals and will not be further described. The peripheral flange 35 is connected to the setting plate 19
embedded in.

In the structure shown in FIG. 7, the support plate 15 has a corner portion 25.
The portion that is interposed between is placed on the mounting plate 19. This is because the diameter of the mounting plate is larger than the diameter of the mounting opening. The outer rim 36 of the support shell 17 is angled downwardly and rests on the surface of the mounting plate.

FIG. 8 shows the preferred nickel connecting bolt 40 on a greatly enlarged scale. The connecting bolt 40 connects the solder layer 41 to the contact surface 43 belonging to the thick-film resistance heating means 16 by means of a plate-shaped fixing part 42.
are soldered together. A heating means 16 is applied to the chrome steel support or cooking plate 15, for example, with a glass-like insulating layer 44 interposed therebetween.

The individual layers are constructed as previously described, with the addition of hard solder to a glass paste filled with high-grade metal, the addition of a resistive layer 16 to a ruthenium-based layer in the molten glass, and the addition of a resistive layer 16 to the glass layer. It is preferable to apply the insulating layer 44 using the same method. All of these can be successfully carried out by melting or heat drying, followed by screen printing or other application processes. The connecting wire 46 is welded to a relatively thin connecting pin 45 of the bolt extending from the plate-like contact surface.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view of the cooking utensil of the invention, FIGS. 2 to 7 are partial cross-sectional views of the individual hot plates fitted within the mounting plate, and FIG. 8 shows details of the pot plate connection. It is a diagram. 11...Cooking utensils 1.4...Cooking points 15...
...Mounting plate 1-6...Thick film resistor 17...Support shell 19...Mounting plate 21... ...Thermal insulator 22...Sensor 23...Protective layer 25...The receiver is at the corner 27... ...Shoulder 29 ...Indentation 31, ...Elastic tongue size■)

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A cooking appliance equipped with a support plate (15) and an electric heating means (16), in which the heating means (16)
is applied to the underside of the support plate (15) in the form of a membrane resistor. 2. Cookware according to claim 1, characterized in that the support plate (15) is made of metal, in particular of high-grade sheet steel, such as chrome steel sheet. 3. An insulating intermediate layer (44) is applied on the underside of the support plate (15), preferably a resistive layer (16)
Cookware according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the optional insulation layer (44) comprises a glass melt. 4. The connection is applied in the form of a metal bolt, which connection preferably has a contact area (43) of the membrane resistor (16).
Cooking utensil according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it is preferably applied with a metal-filled glass-hard solder (41) for an enlarged resistant surface. . 5. The support plate (15) is made of glass, ceramic or glass-ceramic and is configured as an individual hot plate or a whole plate containing several cooking areas, the hot plate or cooking area being comprised of several 5. The heating device according to claim 1, wherein the heating means can include independently operable heating means, which heating means are arranged side by side or form areas surrounding each other. kitchenware. 6. Cookware according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the metal support plate and/or the mounting ring surrounding this support plate are enamelled. 7. A cooking utensil according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the molten glass connects the support plate (15) and the attachment ring (24, 25, 26). 8. The decorative layer (23) is provided on the side of the heating means (16) remote from the support plate (15) and at the same time protects the heating conductor and conveniently covers the part of the heating means (16). The cooking utensil according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by: 9. Temperature sensors (22) in the form of membrane resistors are applied on the underside of the support plate (15) for temperature regulation and temperature limitation, preferably several sensors are provided at different points of the hot plate and The cooking utensil according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the sensor detects several parts of the hot plate over a wide area.