JPH02241555A - Milling method and apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prepare product wheat flour reduced in ash component inexpensively in high yield, in a case adding water to wheat grain subjected to wheat-cleaning processing and homogenizing the resulting mixture to perform the milling thereof, by fluidizing wheat grain during the process from the addition of water to milling under stirring. CONSTITUTION:In such a case that water is added to wheat grain subjected to wheat- cleaning processing and the resulting mixture is homogenized and subsequently milled, the wheat grain is fluidized during the process from the addition of water to milling under stirring. That is, in a milling apparatus constituted so that a wheat-cleaning apparatus 1 (e.g. polishing type wheat-cleaning machine 16), a water adding apparatus 2 and a homogenizing apparatus 4 are successively provided so as to be connected to the front process of a milling apparatus 5, a stirring device 3 (e.g. upward feed type screw 63) fluidizing cleaned wheat grain under stirring to prevent the mutual adhesion of said gran is provided to the homogenizing apparatus 4. As a result, no large control tank is required because wheat cleaning is performed before milling and normal milling is applied to the cleaned wheat grain supplied to the milling process because grain particles are not fixed mutually and product wheat flour reduced in ash can be inexpensively prepared in high yield.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a flour milling method and apparatus for milling raw wheat after polishing to remove the pericarp and seed coat.

[Conventional technology]

In general flour milling, raw F1 wheat grains (hereinafter referred to as "hulls") are ground using a roll machine without peeling off the husk, but in the process before grinding, moisture and other physical and scientific In order to make the properties optimal for grinding, a process called conditioning (tempering in a broad sense) is performed.

Conditioning involves adding water (damping) and homogenizing (
Tempering) is included. In addition, tempering includes cold tempering, and tempering in a narrow sense such as temperature tempering, thermal conditioning, stabilizer conditioning, and drying, but tempering in the present invention refers to conditioning, which is tempering in a broad sense. It is something.

Also, peel off the base of the wheat (pericarp and seed coat) before milling! l
The idea of grinding wheat into flour (referred to as refined wheat) has been around for a long time, and is disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 32-8665. In addition, a technique was developed in which the outer skin (pericarp) and inner skin (seed coat and aleurone layer) of wheat were separately peeled to obtain the unnecessary outer skin and the inner skin, which was useful as feed.
66 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 39-25314: Publication etc. However, the so-called high-yield flour milling technology that produces a large amount of wheat flour with a low ash content has not been put into practice without elucidation of the surrounding technologies.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

By the way, the moisture content of raw hide is usually 11 to 12%.

In order to grind this, the optimal moisture content for grinding is 15~
It must be increased to 17%. The reason for this is well known, and tempering (addition of water and homogenization) is performed for this purpose.
It took 8 hours and therefore required a large tank.

In addition, since the wheat flour is ground with all the grains mixed together, the fine grains are mixed into the starch, and it is not possible to completely separate them, resulting in poor quality products (flour) with a high ash content.
However, in order to obtain a product with low ash content, only a low recovery rate (yield) could be obtained.

In view of this point, this invention eliminates the need for a large tempering tank by refining the barley before grinding, and moreover, it grinds the barley grains more quickly and brings them to an optimal moisture state, and the milled barley grains supplied to the milling process are fine grains. By performing normal grinding without sticking,
It is a technical problem to provide a flour milling method and device capable of producing product flour with a high yield and low cost at a low ash content.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the flour milling method of the present invention involves adding water to refined wheat grains, tempering them while stirring and fluidizing them, and then grinding them. Furthermore, for reasons that will be described later in particular, a grinding type wheat mill is used as the M barley machine, and a method of adding water before and after the wheat polishing process is used, and the wheat grains are polished in the final process of making rice. Refined barley is processed to a yield of 88 to 94% depending on the physical properties of the raw barley, and water is added during the grinding process for reasons described below.

Further, as a milling device for carrying out the above method, an intermittent device and a water adding device are sequentially provided in the pre-process of the grinding device.

A tempering device with a stirring device was provided.

In particular, for the reasons described below, the stirring device was a stirring fluid transfer device or a device with an upwardly moving screw provided in the tank. After #J of the barley milling machine, a weighing scale with a grain number counter is installed as a detection unit for yield control in order to grasp the progress of the barley, and the barley mill is equipped with a rotation speed changing device and a load as a device to streamline operation. Equipped with change protection.

[Action and effect]

Refined barley is processed by processing raw wheat to remove the hard part (pericarp, seed coat, etc.).The milling process removes the ash and fibers that are present in large amounts in the part and are impurities in the flour. impurities in the pores are reduced. After adding water to starchy wheat, which has a hard skin and a soft interior, it is possible to remove the pericarp and seed coat without damaging the starch by polishing the wheat using a grinding mill after a short period of time. In particular, polished barley that has been milled using an ω1 milling mill has fine powder from the skin attached to its surface, so it is polished, and a humidifying barley mill is particularly effective for this polishing.

Normally, the moisture content of raw wheat flour is 12 to 13% by weight, and the moisture content inside the wheat flour mill after processing is almost the same, but due to the ease of the grinding process, calculating backward from the moisture value of the finished flour, soft wheat raw materials are Approximately 15%, and approximately 16% for hard wheat, is hydrated and tempered as this is the optimal amount of refined barley fed to the grinding process.

Refined wheat grains that are hydrated and tempered (especially wheat grains that have been refined to a yield of 94% or less) have a starch layer on their surface, which causes the grains to gelatinize and stick together. In order to prevent the particles from sticking together, stirring is performed during so-called tensing, a period during which the added water permeates into the interior and no water adheres to the surface layer. The surface layer of the stirred refined wheat grains gradually dries as it undergoes grain-by-grain friction, and the grains no longer stick together, so when fed to the next process, the grinding process, the grains are fed evenly one by one to ensure normal grinding action. will be applied. In addition, atomized water is added during grinding to prevent water evaporation due to rise in temperature of the grinding rolls and raw material powder, and the starch is not destroyed by grinding at low pressure.

Unmilled wheat grains require a long time to temper, and if the tempering time is too short, the endosperm will not become soft and the resulting product will have a coarse grain size (increasing roll pressure will destroy the starch); IRI bacteria that remain in the area near the outer skin proliferate and cause deterioration. On the other hand, N wheat grains absorb moisture relatively quickly, and reach an almost optimal grinding state in 30 minutes to 5 hours.

In this way, the optimal grinding state is reached in a short time, so there is no need for a very large tank for so-called homogenization (tempering), and most of the water required for grinding is absorbed while being transported after adding water. It will be administered.

[Embodiments of the invention]

A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. A barley polishing device 1, a water adding device 2, a stirring device [3, and a tempering tank 4 as a tempering device are installed in a row in the pre-process of the grinding device rf15 (see Fig. 1); A water adding device 2a is also provided. Below, they will be explained in order.

First, an embodiment of the barley polishing apparatus 1 will be described based on FIG. 2. The wheat polishing device 4 of this embodiment is a grinding type wheat flour 111.
6 and a humidifying barley mill 17. First, the grinding barley mill 1
6 will be explained.

The grinding type milling machine 16 has a main shaft 19 horizontally installed so as to be rotatable and passing through a bran removal and whitening tube 18 made of a porous wall. ) 20 is attached to the shaft, and a gap between the grinding polishing trochanter 20 and the bran removal polishing cylinder 18 is formed in the polishing chamber 21. A supply port 22 is provided on one side of this whitening chamber 21, and a discharge port 23 is provided on the other side.A supply hopper 24 is provided above the supply port 22, and a weight 25 is attached to the discharge port 23. A pressurized lid 26 is provided, and near the supply port 22,
Grain feed roll (feed roll) 2 with spiral blades formed on the surface
7 is rotatably mounted on the main shaft 19. Further, the peripheral surface of the rice bran removal and polishing cylinder 18 is used as a rice bran collection chamber 28, and the lower part of the rice bran collection room 28 is connected to a rice bran collection duct 30 via a rice bran collection hopper 29.
connected to. The rice bran collecting duct 30 is connected to a bag filter and a fan (not shown).

The discharge gutter installed at the outlet 23 of the grinding type barley mill 16 is connected to the supply hopper 3 of the humidifying barley mill 17 via the grain lifting machine 31.
2 will be contacted. This humidifying barley milling machine 17 has a hollow main shaft 34 which is rotatably installed horizontally and passes through a bran removing and polishing tube 33 which has a porous wall and is formed into a polygonal shape such as a hexagonal tube. The hollow main shaft 34 has stirring protrusions 35 formed substantially in the longitudinal direction on its surface, and the stirring protrusions 3.
A friction whitening trochanter 37 having a blowing groove (slit) 36 bored along the axis 5 is attached to the shaft. The friction whitening trochanter 37 is hollow, and a large number of ventilation holes 38 are provided on the circumferential surface of the hollow shaft 34 inside the N rubbing whitening trochanter 37. In addition, the gap between the friction whitening trochanter 37 and the bran removal whitening cylinder 33 is defined as a whitening chamber 39, and the whitening chamber 39
A supply port 40 is provided on one side, and a discharge port 41 is provided on the other side. A supply hopper 32 is provided above the supply port 40, and a pressurizing force applied with a weight 42 is provided at the discharge port 41. Provide N43. In the vicinity of the supply port 40, a grain feeding rotor 44 having a spiral inside formed on the surface is rotatably mounted on the hollow main shaft 34, and a bran collecting chamber 45 is formed on the circumferential surface of the refining and whitening cylinder 33. The lower part of the bran collecting chamber 45 is connected to a bran collecting duct 47 and a bran collecting fan 48 via a bran collecting hopper 46.

Next, the moisture addition device in the humidified barley machine 17 will be explained. The nozzle opening of the two-fluid nozzle 49 faces the open end of the hollow main shaft 34, and the blow pipe 50, which has one end connected to the two-fluid nozzle 49, is connected to an air compressor 52 via an air filter 51. A water pipe 57 whose one end is connected to the fluid nozzle 49 is connected to a water tank 56 via a solenoid valve 53, a flow meter 54, and a flow control valve 55.

A weighing scale with a grain number counter is provided in the process of flowing raw husk in the pre-process of the grinding type wheat milling machine, and a weighing scale with a grain number counter is also provided in the post-process of the grinding type barley mill or the post-process of the humidifying barley mill. The above-mentioned ff1ffi meter with a grain number counter counts the number of wheat grains by optical means and measures the weight of the number of grains, and the yield is calculated by the small ratio of the number of grains before and after milling. In order to do this, it communicates with a control device (not shown) and controls a rotation speed changing device that changes the rotation speed of the milling trochanter in the wheat milling process or a load changing device that adjusts the degree of pressure on the pressing lid 43.

Next, the water adding device (dampener) 2 and the water adding device 2a will be explained. Since the water adding device 7 to 72a has the same configuration as the water adding device 2, repeated explanation will be omitted. - Supply port 9 at the side end
A horizontally installed trough 6 with a discharge port 10 provided at the other end thereof.
A screw 7 is installed inside the tank, and a water addition section 8 is provided near the supply port 9 side. The water adding section 8 is provided with a fountain nozzle 12 connected to a water tank 11, and is configured to add water to the wheat grains in the trough 6.

Further, in the waterway leading from the water tank 11 to the fountain nozzle 12, a 'Fi magnetic valve 13 that can adjust the flow rate and a heater 14 that heats the supplied water are installed.

Incidentally, the blades of the screw 7 are appropriately provided with a stirring bar 7b for promoting the stirring action of the wheat grains.

Next, regarding the stirring device 3, the stirring device 3 consists of an upward screw conveyor 57 and a cross-feeding screw conveyor 58, and a supply port 59 provided at the bottom of the upward screw conveyor 57 and an exhaust port of the water adding device 2. Exit 10. Further, a discharge port 60 provided at the upper part of the upward screw conveyor 57 and a supply port 61 of the lateral screw conveyor 58 are connected to each other. The upward screw conveyor 57 has a screw 63 rotatably installed in an upright trough 62, and
The traverse screw conveyor 58 has a screw 65 rotatably installed in a trough 64 installed laterally. Note that the screw 65 of the cross-feeding screw conveyor 58 may be provided with a stirring bar 658 similarly to the screw 7 of the water adding device 2.

A discharge port 66 of the transverse screw conveyor 58 is connected to a supply port 67 of the tempering tank 4 as a tempering device. A rotatable scattering blade 68 is vertically installed at the supply port 67, and a pair of rotary valves 69 are horizontally installed at the bottom of the tank.

Furthermore, above the rotary valve 69 is a receiver 61I170.
In addition, a discharge screw conveyor 71 is provided in the receiving gutter 70, and the conveyance terminal end of the discharge screw conveyor 71 is connected to the supply section of the packet elevator 72.

The discharge port of the packet elevator 72 is connected to the adjustment tank 73 of the grinding device 5, and below the adjustment tank 73 there is provided a No. 1 brake roll machine 74. Hereinafter, a plurality of roll machines,
Shifter, purifier, etc. not shown)
will be provided as appropriate. Note that the adjustment tank 73 may be provided with a water addition nozzle 75.

FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the stirring device, in which a hollow cylinder 76 is rotatably installed horizontally, and the hollow cylinder 76 is rotated by a drive device fi78 connected to an electric motor 77.

One side of the hollow cylinder 76 is used as a supply section 79, and the supply section 79 is provided with a supply section side plate 8- which is opened at the center to prevent overflow of the refined barley supplied from the supply gutter 81. Inside the hollow cylinder 76 is a stirring rod 82 that activates grain-by-grain friction of the supplied refined wheat grains, uniformly transfers moisture, and prevents the grains from sticking.
and a stirring plate 83 are provided. The diameter and length of the hollow cylinder 76 are appropriately designed depending on the volume and flow rate, but the length may be increased and the hollow cylinder 76 may be provided in a tilted manner. The stirring device shown in FIG.
4 and a case 86 surrounding the tank 84, and a screw is rotated by an electric motor 87 in the direction of frying the wheat inside.The upper part of the tank has an input port 89 from a conveyor 88 that conveys the wheat from the previous process to the tank 84. A discharge port 90 is provided at the bottom of the system.

Next, specific operations in the above embodiment will be explained.

The raw hides from which foreign matter has been removed are first supplied to a water adding device 2a, where they are subjected to shower-like water addition by a fountain nozzle 12a.

The hydrated raw hide is stirred and stirred by the screw 7a.
It adheres to the surface during a short period of time (5-10 minutes) during transport. Then, the grain is conveyed by the grain lifting machine 15 and transferred to the wheat polishing device 4. In the wheat polishing device 4, first, grinding type wheat Ia1
The grains are fed into the supply hopper 24 of No. 6, sent to the milling room 21 by the grain feeder 27, and subjected to the milling action by the grinding miller 20. That is, a relatively large circumferential speed (for example, 6
00m1/1lin or more) Grinding white trochanter 20
The outer skin of the wheat grains other than the vertical grooves is finely crushed and scraped off by the Vajra sand on the surrounding surface.

Then, the wheat grains discharged from the milling chamber 21 against the pressure lid 26 are transported to the grain lifting machine 31 and put into the supply hopper 32 of the humidifying wheat milling machine 17.
Sent within 9. The milling chamber 39 of the humidifying barley mill 17 has a relatively high pressure (for example, an average pressure of 200 (II/cl' or more)), and is a friction chamber that rotates at a circumferential speed of about half or less of the grinding milling trochanter 20 of the grinding mill 16. The stirring protrusions 35 of the milling trochanter 37 cause grain-by-grain friction between the wheat grains.At this time,
The mist ejected into the hollow main shaft 34 from the nozzle opening of the two-fluid nozzle 49 flows into the hollow part of the friction whitening trochanter 37 through the ventilation hole 38 provided on the circumferential surface of the hollow main shaft 34, and then flows into the hollow part of the friction whitening trochanter 37 and whitening from the blast groove 36. The wheat grains are ejected into the chamber 39, thereby humidifying the surface of the wheat grains and increasing the Fj frictional force, which wipes away the outer skin remaining or attached to the surface and produces an abrasive action. The added moisture is absorbed by the outer skin (bran) by the blast from the blast groove 35.
At the same time, the rice bran remover leaks from the polishing cylinder 33.

The wheat grains (refined grains) discharged from the discharge port 41 of the humidifying wheat milling machine 17 are then supplied to the supply port 9 of the water adding device 2, and while being stirred and conveyed by the screw 7 and the stirring bar 78,
Water is applied in the form of a shower from the fountain nozzle 12. The hydrated wheat grains are stirred and conveyed by the screw 7, and water is evenly added to the whole wheat grains, and then sent to the supply port 59 of the upward screw conveyor 57.

The surface of the polished wheat grains to which water has been added becomes very sticky compared to raw wheat grains due to the action of gluten and starch, but as they are subjected to the stirring action of the screw 63, the grains adhere to each other and solidify. It will be forwarded without any delay. Then, while being stirred and fed upward, moisture is more uniformly attached to the surface of the wheat grains, and the penetration of moisture into the interior of the wheat grains is promoted. In addition, in the water adding device 2, the heater 14
By activating the system to add water due to drought, effective water addition can be achieved.

In this way, the wheat grains that have reached the upper end of the upward screw conveyor 57 are transferred from the discharge port 60 to the lateral screw conveyor 5.
8, and further transferred to the horizontal feed screw conveyor 5.
The material is conveyed while being stirred by the screw 65 of No. 8 and the stirring bar 65a. Most of the wheat grains that have reached the end of the conveyance of the horizontal screw conveyor 58 absorb moisture adhering to the surface and become dry, flow out from the discharge port 66, and are scattered by the scattering blades 68 while being The wheat grains pushed into the belling tank 4 are already dry particles that do not stick together.

The wheat grains in the tensing tank 4 are stored as they are in the 2
- Leave it for 4 hours to homogenize it for a short time,
To improve millability by uniformly distributing moisture throughout the wheat flour.

The wheat grains that have been tempered in the tempering tank 4 flow into the receiving trough 70 by the rotation of the rotary valve 69.
After being sent to the cross-feeding screw conveyor 58a by the discharge screw conveyor 71 and the packet elevator 72, it is put into the adjustment tank 73 of the grinding device 5.

The wheat grains passing through the cross-feeding screw conveyor 58a are stirred and fluidized again to allow water to penetrate uniformly between the grains. Then, the first grinding is performed with the first brake roll TFI74 of the grinding device 5.
Before that time, water is added again in the form of mist by the water addition nozzle 75.

Although the detailed actions that follow in the grinding device J3 in the grinding device 5 will be omitted, the raw hide is ground sequentially and stepwise by a brake roll machine to take out the endosperm as coarse grains, which is then classified by a shifter, and then by a purifier. By the spirit m M
After that, it is crushed using a roll machine (smooth roll) to extract the powder.

In this embodiment, the stirring screw conveyors 58 and 588 are provided before and after the tempering tank 4, but the tempering tank 4 may be provided immediately after the water adding device 2 or immediately before the grinding device 5. Alternatively, the tempering tank 4 may not be provided, and the slurry 1-conveyor 58 may perform a 30-minute stirring and conveying process. The operation of the stirring apparatus shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 is also similar to that described above.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of one embodiment of the present invention.
The enlarged view of the wheat polishing device in the figure, and FIGS. 3 and 4 are views of other embodiments of the stirring device. 1... Wheat milling device, 2... Water adding device, 3... Stirring device, 4... Tempering tank, 5... Grinding device,
6... Trough, 7... Screw 8... Moisture addition section, 9... Supply port, 10... Discharge port, 11...
Water tank, 12... Fountain nozzle, 13... Solenoid valve, 14
...Heater, 15...Packet elevator-16
... Grinding type barley machine, 17... Humidifying barley machine, 1...
Bran removal polishing cylinder, 19...Main shaft, 20...Grinding and polishing trochanter, 21...Refining chamber, 22... Supply port, 23...Discharge port, 24...Supply hopper 25...・Weight, 26
...Press lid, 27...Grain feeding trochanter, 28...! l!
Grain! , 29... Bran collecting hopper, 30... Bran collecting duct, 31... Packet elevator -32... Supply hopper, 33... Bran removing polishing tube, 34... Hollow main shaft, 3
5... Stirring protrusion, 36... Spraying groove, 37... Friction whitening trochanter, 38... Ventilation hole, 39... Whitening chamber, 40
-... Supply port, 41... Discharge port, 42... Weight,
43... Pressing lid, 44... Grain feeding trochanter, 45... Bran collecting chamber, 46... Bran collecting hopper, 47... Bran collecting duct, 48... Bran collecting fan, 49.・Two-fluid nozzle, 5
0...Blow pipe, 51...Air filter 52.
... Air compressor, 53 ... Solenoid valve, 55 ... Flowing valve, 56 ... Water tank, 57 ... Upward screw conveyor, 58.588 ... Cross-feeding screw conveyor , 59... Supply port, 60... Discharge port, 61...
・Supply port, 62...trough, 63...screw,
64...Trough, 65...Screw, 66...
Discharge port, 67... Supply port, 68... Scattering blade, 6
9...Rotary valve, 70...Gutter, 71...
・Discharge screw conveyor, 72...Packet elevator-173...Adjustment tank, 74...No. 1 brake roll machine, 75...Moisture addition nozzle, 76...
Hollow cylinder, 77... Electric motor, 78... Drive device, 7
9... Supply section, 80... Supply section side plate, 81... Supply gutter, 82... Stirring bar, 83... Stirring plate, 84...
-Tank, 85...Screw shaft, 86...Case, 87...Electric motor, 88...Transporter, 89...Inlet, 90...Exhaust port.

Claims (12)

[Claims] (1) A flour milling method in which refined wheat grains are added with water and homogenized, and then ground, which is characterized by stirring and fluidizing the wheat grains from adding water to grinding. (2) The flour milling method according to claim (1), wherein the wheat processing is performed in a single step or a step including multiple steps using a grinding type wheat mill. (3) The flour milling method according to any one of claims (1) and (2), wherein water is added in a pre-process of a barley mill, or in a pre-process of a barley mill and a barley process. (4) The flour milling method according to any one of claims (1) to (3), wherein the wheat processing includes a polishing step as a final step. (5) The flour milling method according to any one of claims (1) to (4), wherein the wheat is processed to a yield of 88 to 94% by weight of raw wheat. (6) The flour milling method according to any one of claims (1) to (5), wherein the grinding comprises a plurality of grinding steps, and water is added between the grinding steps. (7) In a flour milling device in which a wheat flour milling device, a water adding device, and a homogenizing device are successively installed in a pre-process of a grinding device, refined wheat flour is stirred and flowed into the homogenizing device so that it adheres between grains. A flour milling device characterized in that it is equipped with an agitation device that prevents. (8) The flour milling device according to claim (7), wherein the stirring device is a stirring fluid transfer device that connects the discharge section of the water adding device and the supply section of the grinding device. (9) The flour milling device according to claim (8), wherein a temporary storage tank is provided at an arbitrary location of the stirring fluid transfer device. (10) The flour milling apparatus according to claim (7), wherein the stirring device is provided with an upward feeding screw in the tank. (11) The flour milling device according to claim (7), wherein a single-step or multi-step grinding type wheat milling machine is used as the wheat milling device. (12) Install weighing scales with grain number counters at any two locations before and after the wheat polishing device, communicate the plurality of weighing scales with grain number counters to a control device, and transmit the output signal of the control device to the rotation speed of the wheat polishing device. The flour milling device according to any one of claims (7) to (11), connected to a changing device or a load changing device.