JPH0224031A - Support structure for spindle in work machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To simultaneously obtain a profile of high accuracy and smooth face by supporting a 1st support part supporting a spindle with the spindle shaft located at the center thereof as a 1st rotary shaft and a 1st support member on the 2nd rotary shaft set so as to cross with the 1st rotary shaft at the place of a work part. CONSTITUTION:The position of a cutter part 10a is not changed even if a spindle 10 is pulled down in an X axial direction by turning a 1st support member 12 on the 2nd shaft 13 provided that 1st-3rd rotary shafts 11, 13, 16 are taken to be faced to Y, X axial direction respectively. Even in the case of the spindle 10 being pulled down in Y axial direction by turning a 2nd support member 14 on the 3rd rotary shaft 16 the position of the cutter part 10a is not changed. So the spindle 10 can be inclined at an optional angle and to all directions with the cutter part 10a as the center by composing the turnings of the support members 12, 14 in R2, R3 directions and the cutter part 10a can be abutted in the state of conforming to the face thereof without causing any positional slippage even in the case of whatever uneven face and curved face.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a processing machine used for shaping by milling, and particularly to a support structure for a spindle thereof.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, when shaping by milling, parallel feed cutting is performed using a ball end mill using a copying machine or an NC machine.

For example, as shown in FIG. 11, in a so-called five-axis control machine, a work table 1 moves in the X direction and the Y direction, and a rotary table 2 for horizontal rotation R1 of the work is provided above the work table 1. In addition, the cutter main shaft 6 is
Rotation R2 that protrudes horizontally from the two-way vertical slide 4
It is supported by an arm portion 5 for carrying out this operation.

Usually, movements in the xSySz direction are combined by copying or NC according to the profile of the workpiece, and the workpiece is machined by an end mill 6 that is rotationally driven by a motor 7.

(Problem to be solved by the invention) The machined surface of the workpiece machined as described above is
As shown in Figure (A), it is formed by adjacent development of circular arc grooves.

Also, since there is no cutting force in the center of the end mill, the 12th
As shown in Figure (B), cutting may be performed at a portion close to the outer periphery of the end mill 6 by tilting the cutter main shaft 6 by rotating the arm portion 5.

However, even in this case, the profile of the cut workpiece is the same as that shown in FIG. 12(A). Furthermore, if the surface of the workpiece is a gently curved surface, a front 7-slice may be used as shown in FIG. 13.

However, even after this processing, arc-shaped protrusions remain, which must be removed and smoothed, which requires a large number of processing steps, and requires the use of software for precise final finishing. , it was difficult to perform it only by direct machining.

For example, in a typical five-axis controller, the cutter main shaft 3 can be swung in the Y direction by rotating the arm 5 as shown in FIG.

However, by rotating the arm portion 5 in the R2 direction, the end mill 6 tilts and deviates greatly in the Y direction, and
There will also be a significant shift in direction.

Therefore, it was necessary to incorporate a significant correction of the cutter position of the end mill into the computer software.

In addition, when machining a three-dimensional curved surface, the end mill 6 should be
However, the cutter main shaft 6 cannot be tilted in the It was corrected so that only the direction was included.

In this case as well, the rotation in the R1 direction causes a positional deviation between the workpiece and the end mill 6 on the XY plane, and this deviation also needs to be corrected by software.

Software that incorporates these positioning software is extremely complicated and high-class software. Furthermore, in order to absorb the large deviations in the YZ plane and the
On the contrary, the problem was that the processing time was reduced, the processing time became longer, the software became complicated and expensive, and the total cost increased.

An object of the present invention is to simultaneously obtain a highly accurate profile and a good smooth surface by machining without increasing the number of machining steps or complicating the software.

(!!Means for Solving the Problem) The spindle support structure in the processing machine of the present invention includes a first support part that supports the spindle rotatably about the spindle axis at the center thereof as a first rotation axis. , supports a first support member rotatably about a second rotation axis set to intersect with the first rotation axis at a processing portion at the tip of the spindle; Each spindle is supported by a second support part that rotates about a third rotation axis that intersects with these at an intersection point of the rotation axes.

In addition, the method of moving this spindle is to intersect the spindle axis of this spindle and the rotation axis when rotating the spindle at the processing part at the tip of the spindle, and then rotate around this intersection point. do.

(Function) According to the above-mentioned spindle support structure and moving method of the present invention, the angle of the spindle can be changed around the processing portion that contacts the workpiece while rotating about the spindle axis as the rotation axis.

Therefore, the angle of the machined part can be changed without misalignment of the machined part with respect to the workpiece, and the positioning of the spindle after movement can be made more accurate.

(Example) The present invention will be described in detail below based on the drawings. 1st
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a spindle support structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

10 spindle, the center spindle shaft 11
is rotated in the R1 direction using the axis as the first rotation axis.

Reference numeral 12 denotes a first support member having an oval shape, and one end 12a of the first support member rotatably supports the spindle 10.

Note that this spindle 10 is connected to the end portion 1 of the first support member 12.
It is rotated by a motor (not shown) attached to 2a.

Reference numeral 14 denotes a second support member having an oval shape, and the end 12b of the first support member 12 is rotatably attached to the end 14a of the second support member.

The second rotation axis 16 when rotating the first support member 12 is a cutter part 10 at the tip of the spindle 10.
It intersects with the first rotating shaft 11 at point a.
Note that this first support member 12 is attached to the end 14 of a motor (not shown) attached to the end 14a of the second support member 14.
The end portion 12b is attached to a rotating shaft passing through a, and is rotated by this motor.

'Also, this second support member 14 has the other end 14
b is attached to the rotating shaft of a motor (not shown), and the intersection point 1 where the first and second rotating shafts 11.16 intersect
5, it rotates about a third rotating shaft 16 that intersects with these.

In this embodiment, for example, as shown in the figure, the first, second and third rotating shafts 11.13.16 are respectively hZSYSX.
If it is oriented in the axial direction, the first support member 12 is rotated about the second rotating shaft 16 to rotate the spindle 10eX.
Even in the axial direction KIHI L, the position of the cutter part 10a does not change.

Further, even when the second support member 14 is rotated about the third rotating shaft 16 and the spindle 10 is tilted in the Y@1 direction, the position of the cutter part 10a of the spindle 1o does not change.

Therefore, R2, R of the first and second support members 12.14
By combining rotations in three directions, the cutter part 10
The spindle can be tilted 1° at any angle and in all directions with a as the center, and the cutter part can be tilted 10af to fit any uneven or curved surface without causing positional deviation. It is possible to bring them into contact with each other.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a spindle support structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

The first support member 22 in this embodiment has a spindle 2o attached to one end 22a, and the other end 22b slides on the inner surface of the arcuate end 24a of the second support member 24. is configured to do so.

The first support member 22 is set to move in a circle with respect to the first rotation shaft 21 and a second rotation shaft 26 which is supported by the cutter portion 20a.

The other end 24b of the second support member 24 is attached to a motor (not shown), and intersects with the first and second rotating shafts 21.23 at the intersection point 25. It rotates about a third rotating shaft 26.

Also in this embodiment, the first and second support members 22.2
4 in the R2 and R3 directions, the cutter m
20a without causing any misalignment of the spindle 2.
0 can be sloped.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a spindle support structure according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

The spindle 60 in this embodiment is attached to the lower end of a plate-shaped first support member 62 having a vertically elongated support member 62a in the center.

The second support member 64 is composed of a main body 34a having an abbreviated shape, and large and small disks 34f and 34d that are rotatably attached near one end 34b of the main body 34a and rotate synchronously. .

This date plate 34dS54f is provided with a pin 348134g that fits into the slit 32a of the first support member 52, and when this disk 34d134f rotates, the pin 348134g
e % 34 g causes the first support member 32 to move in an arc with respect to the second rotation axis 33 .

Further, the other end 3 of the main body 34a of the second support member 34
A motor (not shown) is attached to 4c, which rotates about a third rotating shaft 66 that intersects with the first and second rotating shafts 31 and 33 at an intersection point 65. Even in the embodiment, the spindle can be moved without causing any displacement of the cutter portion 30a! 10 can be tilted.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a spindle support structure according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. The spindle 40 in this embodiment is rotatable by a box-shaped first support member 42 containing a motor. Supported.

Further, the second support member 44 includes a main body 44a and a main body 44a.
A rod-shaped member 44c rotatably attached to /41k
and a parallelogram link 44b attached to the rod-shaped member 44c that rotates the spindle 40 around the intersection point 45 of the third rotation axis 46 of the rod-shaped member 44c and the first rotation axis 41 of the spindle 40. It consists of

Also in this embodiment, the link 44b and the rod-shaped member 44c
By rotating the cutter part 40a in the R2 and R3 directions, only the angle of the cutter part 40a can be changed without changing the position of the cutter part 40a.

8 and 5 are perspective views showing a spindle support structure according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway front view thereof.

The first support member 52 in this embodiment has a substantially J-shape and rotatably supports the spindle 50.

The spindle 50 is configured such that the rotation of a rotating shaft of a motor 52a installed at the upper end of the first support member 52 is caused by bevel gears 52b, 52c, a shaft 52d, a gear 52e,
52f, the first rotating shaft 51
rotated with respect to

The first rotating shaft 51 in this embodiment is 45 mm with respect to the Z axis.
It is tilted at an angle of °. Also, the second
The support member 54 has an abbreviated shape, and rotatably supports the first support member 52 at a tubular portion 54a at one end thereof. Tubular portion 5 of this second support member 54
A motor 52g is attached near 4a, and a worm attached to its rotating shaft meshes with a worm gear formed on the outer periphery of a flange portion 52h at the upper end of the first support member 52. This first support member 5
2 is rotated about the second rotating shaft 56.

Moreover, the other end 54b of this second support member 54 is
It is attached to a motor (not shown) and rotates about a third rotating shaft 56 that intersects at an intersection point 55 of the first and second rotating shafts 51,53.

In the case of this embodiment, the first support member 52 rotates 360 degrees about the second rotation shaft 55, but the second support member 54
Unless the spindle 50 is rotated about the third rotation axis 56, the XY plane on which the spindle 50 and the workpiece are placed is always 450 degrees
It is kept at an angle of .

Therefore, in order to arbitrarily set the angle between the spindle 50 and the XY plane, the first and second support members 52 and 54 are rotated in the R2 and R3 directions, respectively, and the angle is set by combining them.

For example, by rotating the first support member 52 by 90 degrees,
When the spindle 50 is positioned on a plane, when the second support member 54 is rotated about the third rotation axis 56 and the spindle 50 is moved on the X1Z plane, this spindle 50 is perpendicular to the X1Y plane. Become.

By rotating the first and second support members 52, 54 in this manner, the spindle 50 can be set at any desired position and at any desired angle.

In addition, in this embodiment, the spindle 50 attached to the first support member 52 is 45 degrees with respect to the XSY plane.
Although the angle is set to be 0, this angle can be arbitrarily determined. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, for example, a tile 52 that rotatably supports the spindle 50 is
Nito521KII? The tile 52k is divided into two parts on the l axis, and the rotation is transmitted by connecting them with a spline 52i, and the tool is moved in the direction of the shaft 51 by a motor 52J via a rack and pinion. It is also possible to align the position with the rotational axis intersection point 55 or offset it, and further perform drilling or polling feeding in the $11I51 direction.

FIGS. 7 to 9 are views showing a portion of a spindle cutter most suitable for each embodiment of the present invention.

Each of the cutter portions 60 is formed by a smooth curve with a concave center portion. As shown in each figure, a typical example is a shape in which arcs are linked together, resembling two spheres joined together.

This cutter part 60 has an arc-shaped lower end 60a and a side end 60a.
0b allows flat cutting like a front cutter,
Further, by using the recessed portion 60c at the center, the outer circumferential surface of the convex portion to be processed can be cut.

As shown in Fig. 1θ, even if the curved surface has continuous unevenness, it can be made into a smooth curved surface by controlling the inclination of the cutter portion 60 using the structure in each of the embodiments described above. can be finished.

(Effects of the Invention) According to the present invention, when the inclination of the spindle is checked, the position of a part of the cutter does not shift, so there is no need to correct the position of the cutter, and control is extremely simple. be.

Therefore, the control software can be simplified, and a highly accurate profile and a good smooth surface can be obtained by machining.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a spindle support structure according to a first embodiment of the invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a spindle support structure according to a second embodiment of the invention, and FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a spindle support structure according to a second embodiment of the invention. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a spindle support structure according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a spindle support structure according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a side view of the support structure shown in FIG. 5, and FIGS. 7 to 9 are views showing a part of the cutter most suitable for each embodiment of the present invention. , FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the inclination of a part of the cutter when a curved surface is cut by the cutter section shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, FIGS. 11 and 12 are diagrams showing the conventional example, and FIG. FIG. 3 shows a face milling cutter. 10.20.30, 40.50...Spindle, I
Da, 20a, 30a, 40a, 50a. 60... Cutter part, 11.21, 31.41.51... First rotating shaft, 1
2.22.32, 42.52...first support member 13
．． 23.33.43.53... second rotating shaft, 14.
24.34.44.54... second support member, 15.
25, 35.45.55...intersection point, 16.26.3
(S, 46.56...Third rotation axis. Figure 1 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 9 Figure 10

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) Move the spindle so that the spindle axis in the center is
a first support member rotatably supported as a rotation axis of the spindle; and a first support member rotatably supported as a rotation axis of the spindle;
and a second support member that rotates about a third rotation axis that intersects with the first and second rotation axes at an intersection point of the first and second rotation axes. Spindle support structure in processing machines. (2) Intersect the spindle axis, which is the axis of rotation of the spindle, and the axis of rotation when rotating the spindle at a processing part at the tip of the spindle, and rotate about this intersection point. A method for moving a spindle in a processing machine, characterized in that: