JPH0222582A - Battery maintenance management device for electric car - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To attract operator's attention as to the maintenance management of a battery and its proper charging environment and to prolong the use life of the battery by composing the battery maintenance management device of a charging switch, a ROM, a charging frequency memory, a CPU, a display device, etc. CONSTITUTION:With the charging switch 11, an indication for charging the battery is sent to a charger. The ROM 24 is stored with the life shortening points of the battery corresponding to the amount and temperature of the electrolyte of the battery and its discharging rate and charging rate. The charging frequency memory 26 is stored with the remaining chargeable frequency of the battery. When the battery is charged by the indication of the switch 11, the CPU 23 reads the respective measured values of a liquid temperature sensor 4, a liquid level sensor 3, and a battery voltmeter 5 and further the respective life shortening points out of the ROM 24 and subtracts the life shortening points from the chargeable frequency to calculate the remaining chargeable frequency, which is stored in the charging frequency memory 26. Further, a display device 17 displays the remaining chargeable frequency.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a battery maintenance management device for an electric vehicle.

[Prior Art] -a. In an electric vehicle such as a battery forklift truck, electric power from a battery housed in a battery case drives electric parts of the traveling system to cause the vehicle to travel. When this battery becomes low in capacity, it is charged and used again, but its lifespan (the number of times it can be charged) varies depending on its regular management. In other words, while ensuring sufficient battery fluid, the temperature of this battery fluid is maintained at 30°C, and the amount of battery discharge is 75% of the total capacity.
If charging is performed in a state where the battery is less than 1,200 times can be charged.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The amount of the battery liquid described above is monitored by a liquid level sensor, and the liquid capacity is monitored by a voltage sensor, and when these fall below a predetermined value, a warning is displayed by lighting a lamp, etc. This is designed to alert workers.

However, these sensors merely manage the battery fluid level and battery capacity at that point, respectively.
It does not specifically indicate the remaining service life of the battery, that is, the number of times it can be charged. Therefore, if the operator is careless and overlooks the warning display, the battery fluid will not be refilled appropriately, resulting in a shortened service life of the battery.

This invention was made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to make it possible for workers to be careful about battery maintenance management and appropriate charging environment, and to extend the service life of batteries. An object of the present invention is to provide a battery maintenance management device for an electric vehicle.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a liquid level sensor for detecting a lack of electrolyte in a vehicle, in which a battery that can be recharged a preset number of times is mounted on a vehicle. , an electric vehicle equipped with a liquid temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the electrolytic solution and a battery voltmeter that detects the capacity of the battery; A battery life shortening point corresponding to the amount of battery electrolyte, a battery life shortening point corresponding to the electrolyte temperature, a battery life shortening point corresponding to the battery discharge rate, and a battery life shortening point corresponding to the battery charging rate. a first storage means for storing a life shortening point of the battery; a second storage means for storing the number of remaining chargeable times of the battery; A life shortening point corresponding to each measured value of the temperature sensor, liquid level sensor, and battery voltmeter, as well as a charging rate of the battery, is read from the first storage means, and the life shortening point is subtracted from the number of times the battery can be charged. Calculating means for calculating the number of remaining chargeable times and storing this in a second storage means;
Its gist is that it comprises a display means for displaying the remaining chargeable number of times calculated by the calculation means.

[Operation] When the charger charges the battery according to the instruction from the charging instruction means, the first memory stores the life shortening points corresponding to each measurement value of the liquid temperature sensor, liquid level sensor, and battery voltmeter, and the charging rate of the battery. The calculation means subtracts this life shortening point from the possible number of charge cycles to calculate the remaining number of charge cycles. The number of remaining chargeable times calculated by the calculation means is stored in the second storage means and displayed on the display means.

[Embodiment] Hereinafter, an embodiment in which the present invention is embodied in a battery maintenance management device for a Panteri forklift will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 1, a plurality of bunch recells 2 are housed in a battery case 1 installed at the rear of the driver's cab of a forklift, and a liquid level sensor 3 is suspended for collectively measuring the amount of battery fluid in these bunch recells 2. It has been lowered. Also,
A liquid temperature sensor 4 is installed on the inner surface of one of the hatched cells 2.
is fixed, thereby measuring the temperature of the battery fluid and simultaneously measuring the capacity I of all the battery cells 2 by the battery voltmeter 5 connected to the battery cells 2.

Further, a bracket 6 forming a part of a front protector is erected at the front of the driver's cab of the vehicle, and a box 8 in which a charger 7 is housed is arranged on the upper surface of the bracket 6. The charger 7
is connected to each battery cell 2 in the battery case 1 via a harness (not shown), and when the battery cells 2 are normally charged a certain number of times, equal charging is dynamically performed.

An operation switch panel 9 shown in FIG. 2 is disposed on one side of the box 8, and includes a key switch 10 for operating the electrical system of the vehicle, and a charging instruction means for causing the charger 7 to charge the battery cell 2. Charging switches 11 are provided at the top and bottom. In addition, the display switch panel 12 arranged adjacent to this includes a changeover switch 13 and a mode setting switch 1.
4. An up switch 15 and a down switch 16 are provided.

Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 3(a) and 3(b), a display device 17 as a display means consisting of a liquid crystal panel is provided on another side of the box body 8. This display device 17 can be switched to a traveling display mode shown in FIG. 3(a), a battery damage display mode shown in FIG. 3(b), a cargo handling display mode (not shown), and a self-diagnosis display mode. This display device 17 is connected to the switch panel 12.
The mode is converted as described above by operating each of the switches 13 to 16 individually or in combination as appropriate.

The display device 17 is provided with a battery capacity indicator 18 that displays the remaining battery capacity based on the measured value of the battery voltmeter 5 by displaying a 10-level lighting display, as shown in FIG.
As shown in a), when the remaining battery capacity falls below a predetermined value, the lighting display is switched to a blinking display to call the operator's attention. Also, the liquid level warning mark 19 indicates the liquid level sensor 3.
Appears only when the battery detects a lack of battery fluid. Below the capacity indicator 18 is an 8-step level meter 20.
A predetermined number of the eight segments are illuminated according to the work mode of the vehicle, such as driving/cargo handling power control, etc., to allow the operator to confirm the power reference value in each work mode. In addition, the speed indicator 21 digitally displays the vehicle speed in the driving display mode, and the indicator 21
A horizontally elongated hour meter 22 placed below digitally displays the time spent on driving.

When the charging switch 11 is operated, the mode of the display device 17 is set to the charging display mode, and the speed indicator 21 displays rAcJ indicating that the battery is being charged. And when charging? The service life of the battery is shortened in accordance with the measured values of the surface sensor 3, liquid temperature sensor 4, and battery voltage meter 5, and the charging rate during equal charging and normal charging of the battery by the charger 7, respectively. The remaining charge count is digitally displayed on the hour meter 22.

The electrical configuration connecting the liquid level sensor 3, liquid temperature sensor 4, and battery voltage meter 5 to the display device 17 will be described below. As shown in FIG. 4, the liquid level sensor 3, liquid temperature sensor 4, battery voltmeter 5, key switch 10, charging switch 11, and charger 7 are each connected to a central processing unit (CPU) 23 as a calculation means. has been done. In addition, the CPU 23 has a first memory 4, which stores a control program. Read-only memory (ROM) 24 as α means
, a readable and rewritable memory (RAM) 25 for temporarily storing calculation results, etc., and a charging number memory 2 as a second storage means consisting of a non-volatile memory such as an EPROM.
6 and the display device 17 are connected to each other.

Furthermore, the contents stored in the ROM 24 will be described below. That is, as shown in FIG. 5, the ROM 24 includes a liquid temperature area 33, a liquid amount area 34, a discharge rate area 35, and a charge rate area 36.
There are four areas: As shown in FIG. 6(a), the liquid temperature region 33 has a liquid temperature of -10°C to 50°C corresponding to the data 27 inputted from the liquid temperature sensor 4.
The temperature range is divided into temperature ranges 28 with a vertical width of 20″,
A point W (=0 to 0°7) at which the battery life is shortened when charging is performed for each temperature range 28, that is, a reduction value of the number of times the battery can be charged is written. Also, the 6th
As shown in Figure (b), in the liquid volume area 34, after the liquid level warning mark 19 is displayed on the display device 17, the number of times charging is performed in a state where the electrolyte is insufficient is defined as 0 times and 1 thereafter. Battery life shortening points +-V·(-0 to 15) are recorded to correspond to a plurality of post-warning charging frequency ranges 29, which are divided into 3 times and 4 times from 15 times to 15 times.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 6(c), in the discharge rate area 35, the battery capacity 30 immediately before charging is divided into 11 stages from zero to 10, and the discharge rate 31 and the same discharge are divided according to each battery capacity 30. A battery life shortening point X (-0, 1 to 2.0) corresponding to rate 31 is recorded. 6th
As shown in FIG.
Battery life reduction point Y (-0LZ=(
=0.3) is recorded.

In addition, if you secure enough battery fluid (V = O), maintain the fluid temperature at 30°C (W = 0), and charge with a discharge state of less than 75% M (x = t, O), the battery will 1200
It is set to be able to be charged once. When charging the battery for the first time, each signal based on the detected values of the liquid level sensor 3, liquid temperature sensor 4, and battery voltmeter 5, as well as the normal charging or equal charging performed by the charger 7, is generated when the charging switch 11 is operated. When the signal is output to the CPU 23, the same CPU
The U 23 sequentially reads the four battery life shortening points ■~Z according to each signal from the ROM 24, subtracts each shortening point ■~Z from the 1200 battery life shortening points set corresponding to the number of chargeable times, and calculates the final value. The subtracted value is set as the remaining number of chargeable charges A to the charge number memory 26.
hour meter 2 of the display device 17.
Display on 2. Thereafter, reduction points are calculated each time the battery is charged by the charger 7, and the calculated value is subtracted from the remaining number of chargeable times (old remaining number of chargeable times) A based on the previous charge stored in the memory 26. memory 2 according to the new remaining chargeable times (new remaining chargeable times G) H.
6 is rewritten, and the new remaining charge count B is digitally displayed on the hour meter 22.

Now, the operation of the above-mentioned maintenance management device will be explained with reference to FIG.

At step (hereinafter referred to as S) St, charging switch 1
1 is input, the mode of the display device 17 is set to the charging display mode, and the speed indicator 21 is displayed in S2.
The ACJ mark is displayed and the hour meter 22
The old remaining chargeable number of times A is displayed numerically. after this,
The CPU 23 reads the battery capacity 30 and the old remaining chargeable number A from the memory 26, and in S3 subtracts the life reduction point X corresponding to the discharge rate 31 according to the battery capacity 30 from the old remaining chargeable number A to obtain a value A1. .

Subsequently, when it is confirmed in S4 that the charger 7 is performing normal charging, a value A2 is calculated by subtracting the life reduction point Y from the subtraction value A1 in S5. Next, in S6, when it is confirmed that the electrolyte is insufficient according to the signal from the liquid level sensor 3, 1 is added to the number of times of charging after warning in S7, and then in S8 the value corresponds to the number range 29 to which this value belongs. The value A3 is obtained by subtracting the life reduction point) V from the subtraction value A2.

After that, when the data 27 is input from the liquid temperature sensor 4 in S9, the life reduction point W corresponding to the temperature range 2 days to which the liquid temperature corresponding to this data 27 belongs is subtracted from the subtraction value A3. A new remaining chargeable number B is determined, and the new remaining chargeable number B is numerically displayed on the speed indicator 21 of the display device 17 in Sll, and the old remaining chargeable number B is stored in the charge number memory 26 according to this value. Rewrite A and return to Sl.

Note that when equal charging is performed in S4,
Proceeding to S12, the life shortening point Z is added to the subtraction value AI obtained in S3 to obtain a subtraction value A2. Further, if the electrolyte is not in short supply in S6, the number of times of charging after warning is maintained at the value before charging, and the process proceeds to S8 without passing through S7.

As described above, in this embodiment, the unavoidable puff loss during battery charging is calculated based on values manually inputted from various sensors, etc., to determine the variable usage life, that is, the number of battery charging reductions, By subtracting the above-described reduced number of times of battery charging from the number of times of possible charging, the remaining number of times the battery can be charged at the end of each charging can be determined.

The number of remaining charges of the battery is determined for each charge, and is stored in the number of charges memory 26, which is a non-volatile memory. Therefore, even after the operation of the electrical system is stopped by operating the key switch 10, the remaining number of chargeable cycles stored in the memory 26 will not be erased, and this will be displayed on the speed indicator 21 of the display device 17 before the next charge. Is displayed.

Therefore, the service life and deterioration status of the battery are constantly checked by the operator, and the operator's awareness of maintenance management is enlightened.

Note that this invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and for example, it may be possible to: ■ adopt an electric vehicle other than a hatchback lift truck, or ■ use a hack-up function instead of an EPROM as a second storage means. ■Instead of limiting the number of times the battery can be charged to 1,200 times, setting it to other values and setting various life reduction points accordingly;■Instead of a liquid temperature sensor, If you use a thermometer that measures the temperature of other parts of the machine, or if you can lower the temperature slightly, omit the first sensor and reduce the number of sensors to reduce the load on the CPU. (2) Incorporating a charger control function, battery capacity calculation function, etc. into the CPU, etc. Any changes can be made as long as they do not depart from the spirit of the invention.

[Effects] As detailed above, the present invention has the advantage that it is possible to reliably educate workers to be careful about battery maintenance management and appropriate charging environment, and to extend the service life of batteries. It has a great effect.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a side view showing the Panteri forklift, Figure 2 is a plan view showing the switch/7-inch panel, Figures 3 (a) and (
b) is a plan view showing the display device in the traveling work display mode and the battery damage display mode, respectively, FIG. 4 is a block circuit diagram showing the electrical configuration of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is the R
An explanatory diagram explaining the storage area in OM, Fig. 6(a) to (
d) is an explanatory diagram showing the storage contents in each storage area, and FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the CPU. Battery 2. 'Liquid level sensor 3, liquid temperature sensor 4, battery voltmeter 5, charger 7, charging switch 11 as charging instruction means, display device 17 as display means, CPU 23 as calculation means, and first storage means. ROM24,
Charging number memory 26 as second storage means, discharge rate 3
1. Charge rate 32, life shortening points V, W, X, Y, Z
.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A battery that can be charged a preset number of times is mounted on a vehicle, a liquid level sensor that detects a shortage of electrolyte in the battery, a liquid temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the electrolyte, and An electric vehicle equipped with a battery voltmeter that detects the capacity of a battery, comprising: charging instruction means that instructs a charger that charges the battery to charge the battery; and a battery life shortening that corresponds to the amount of electrolyte in the battery. a battery life shortening point corresponding to the electrolyte temperature, a battery life shortening point corresponding to the battery discharge rate, and a battery life shortening point corresponding to the battery charging rate. and a second storage means for storing the number of remaining chargeable cycles of the battery; and when the charger charges the battery according to instructions from the charging instruction means, each measurement of the liquid temperature sensor, liquid level sensor, and battery voltmeter is performed. The life shortening points corresponding to the values and the charging rate of the battery are read out from the first storage means, the life shortening points are subtracted from the number of possible charge cycles to calculate the remaining number of charge cycles, and this is calculated from the second storage means. A battery maintenance and management device for an electric vehicle, comprising: a calculation means for storing in a storage means; and a display means for displaying the number of remaining chargeable cycles calculated by the calculation means.