JPH0221977A - Grain size and shape screening machine for grain - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To minimize the damaged grains coexisting in sized grains after a screening treatment by constituting the machine in such a manner that the grains screened by each grain size in a grain size screening section are supplied to a shape screening section for removing the damaged grains from the grains. CONSTITUTION:The grains fed into the grain size screening section 1 are screened by each grain size in the grain size screening section 1. The grains contg. the grains which are damaged by cracking, etc., caused during the course of the screening and the damaged grains which originally exist in the supplied grains are taken out by each grain size from the grain size screening section 1. The grains screened by each grain size are then supplied into the shape screening section 2 formed integrally with the grain size screening section 1 and are subjected to the shape screening treatment respectively separately in this shape screening section 2. The sized grains from which all the damaged grains are removed are thus obtd.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention has a grain size sorting section that sorts grains according to grain size, and a grain size sorter that has a shape that removes damaged grains that have cracked, distorted, etc. from the grains. A particle size and shape sorter for granules that has an integrated sorting section and that prevents damaged grains such as cracks that occur during particle size sorting from being mixed in the sorted granules after sorting. Regarding.

(Prior art) In conventional particle size and shape sorters of this type, as in the technique described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 59-4478, a sorting heel I constituting a shape sorting section allows υj, The granules from which damaged grains with distortions, etc. have been removed are received in a particle size sorting section, and the granules are sorted into small, medium, large, etc. by a rotary sorting tube or the like in the particle size sorting section. Are known.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) In the prior art as described above, the supplied grains are first sorted by the shape sorting section into grains from which damaged grains such as cracks and distortions have been removed. However, in the grain size sorting section that receives these grains and sorts them according to grain size, new damaged grains are generated due to friction, collision, etc. of the rotating Damaged grains are mixed therein.

The present invention aims to provide a particle size/shape sorter for granules that can extremely reduce the number of damaged particles mixed during grading.

(Another means to solve the problem) A grain size sorting section 1 that sorts grains by grain size and a shape sorting section 2 that removes damaged grains that are cracked, distorted, etc. from the grains are integrated. The particle size and shape of the formed particles is characterized in that, in the particle size and shape sorter, the particles sorted by particle size in the particle size sorting section 1 are not supplied to the shape sorting section 2. This is the configuration of a sorting machine.

(Operation of the invention) The grains sent to the grain size sorting section 1 are sorted by grain size in the grain size sorting section 1, and the grains that have cracked during the sorting and become damaged grains, The grains, including damaged grains that were originally in the supplied grains, are taken out from the grain size sorting section 1 according to their diameters, and are taken to the shape sorting section 2, which is integrally formed with the grain size sorting section 1, to separate them from each other. The grains are then subjected to a shape sorting process to remove all damaged grains.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, the damaged grains generated in the particle size sorting section 1 are removed in the shape sorting section 2 together with the damaged grains that were present when they were supplied to the particle size sorting section 1. The number of damaged grains mixed in during grading after processing is extremely reduced.

(Embodiment) Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention, in which 1 is a particle size sorting section, which includes a particle receiving tube 6 fixed at the lower part, a sorting tube 7 rotatable at the upper part, and a particle receiving tube 7 which is rotatable at the upper part. A spiral shaft 8 that passes through the particle cylinder 6 and the sorting cylinder 7 and rotates therein is housed in a cylindrical machine frame 9.

The grain receiving cylinder 6 has a substrate 10 provided horizontally at the bottom of the cylindrical machine frame 9.
A cylindrical tube is fixed to the top, and an opening 11 is opened in the peripheral wall to communicate with a chute 12 that ascends and projects to the outside of the cylindrical machine frame 9.

The sorting cylinder 7 is a cylindrical body having an inner diameter and a path-to-inner diameter of the particle receiving cylinder 6, and has an upper eave 13, a middle eave 14, and a lower eave 15 near the upper end, center, and lower end of the outer peripheral wall, respectively. is installed, and a large number of large diameter screening holes 1 are installed in the peripheral wall between the upper peripheral eave 13 and the middle peripheral eave 14.
6, and a large number of small-diameter screening holes 17 are bored in the peripheral wall between the middle circumferential eaves 14 and the lower circumferential eaves 15. Also, the upper, middle and lower eaves 1
3, 14, and 15 are respectively attached with blades 1B, 18, 18, and a discharge window 19 is opened widely in the upper peripheral wall of the upper circumferential eave 13.

The spiral shaft 8 has a spiral blade 21 fixed to the peripheral wall of a cylindrical body 20.

Inside the cylindrical machine frame 9, there is an upper eave 13 and a middle eave 14 of the sorting tube 7.
．． Upper receiving troughs 25. each have a rising wall 22.2324 that extends inside the lower circumferential eave 15 and approaches the outer circumferential wall of the sorting tube 7; Middle receiving gutter 26. A lower receiving gutter 27 is provided, and the supply area 28. Small particle sorting area 29
．． Medium grain sorting area 30. It is divided into large particle emission areas 94. Also, upper receiving gutter 25. Middle receiving gutter 26. On one side of the cylindrical machine frame 9 on which the lower receiving troughs 27 come into contact, there is a take-out port 3.4 for taking out the granules collected by the scraper blades 18, 18, 18 outside the frame.
．． 5 are provided respectively.

31 is a gear box attached to the lower part of the board 10, and a heald 37 is stretched between a pulley 34 fixed to the output shaft 33 of the motor 32 and a pulley 36 fixed to the input shaft 35 of the gear box 31 to generate power. and gear box 31
a cylindrical shaft 38 protruding from the substrate 10 onto the substrate 10;
A drive shaft 39 is changed in speed within the gear box 31 and protrudes onto the substrate through the cylindrical shaft 38 so as to rotate in the opposite direction.
is output to.

Further, a rotary disk 40 is fixed to the outer periphery of the cylindrical shaft 38,
The spiral shaft 8 is mounted and locked on the rotary disk 40, and the drive shaft 3
An extension shaft 41 passing through the center of the inside of the spiral shaft 8 is connected to the shaft 9 by a joint 42.

The upper part of the extension shaft 41 rotatably passes through a bearing 43 provided at the upper end of the spiral shaft 8, and is fitted into the fitting part 44 of the sorting tube 7 to transmit rotational force, and the shaft end is connected to the cylindrical machine frame. 9 is pivotally supported by a bearing 46 of a canopy 45 provided above.

The upper part of the sorting cylinder 7 is supported by placing the fitting part 44 on the bearing 43 of the spiral shaft 8, and the outer periphery of the lower part is held by rollers 47, 47 provided on the upper part of the grain receiving cylinder 6 to prevent it from wobbling laterally. ing.

The upper part of the chute 12 that communicates with the opening 11 of the grain receiving tube 6 communicates with the wind selection path 48 outside the cylindrical machine frame 9.
The grains guided from the grain receiving hopper 49 provided at the top of the air selection channel 48 are air-separated by the air blower [50] provided at one end of the air selection path 48, and most of the relatively fine contaminants are removed from the discharge chute 5 at the other end.
The air-selected grains are guided into the grain receiving cylinder 6 from the lower chute 12.

Reference numeral 52 denotes a wire mesh for blocking coarse particles, which covers the entire opening of the grain receiving hopper 49, and relatively large coarse particles are prevented from flowing into the winding channel 48 here.

Reference numeral 2 denotes a shape sorting section provided on the side of the sorted grain outlet 3.45 of the grain size sorting section 1, which moves the sorted grains taken out from the outlet 34.5 downwardly and upwardly. Among the grains that are received separately on the sorting belts 53, 54, 55, the grains that have suffered damage such as cracking and accumulate without rolling on the sorting heald 53,54. ．．
The sorting heel 53, 54 is located below the slope of 55, and sorted grains are transferred at a faster speed than the moving speed of 55.

The sorting heald 53 for large grains has an upper part near the lower part of the large grain outlet 3 and is wound around a roller 57 that is pivotally supported on a heald machine frame 56, and a lower part is a tank for large grains formed in the heald machine frame 56. It is wound around a roller 59 which is pivotally supported on the heald machine frame 56 at the upper part of the heald machine frame 58, and is installed at a downward slope of about 5 degrees.

The sorting heald 54 for medium grains is the same as the sorting heald 5 for large grains.
Similar to 3, the upper part is moved by the roller 6 near the bottom of the medium grain outlet 4.
0, and the lower part is the upper roller 6 for medium grains.
It is installed by winding it around 2.

Also, the sorting heddle 55 for small grains is the same as the sorting heald 53.5 above.
Similar to 4, the upper part is moved by roller 6 near the bottom of the small particle outlet 5.
3, and the roller 6 above the small particle ejection straw 4 at the bottom.
5 and is installed.

66.67 is collected on the sorting belt 53.54 and transported, and the grains falling downward from the upper end of the sorting belt 53.54 are further transferred to the sorting belt 54, 54, in order to be sorted by shape at the lower sorting belt 54.55. ．． ．． This is a guide chute that guides grains in 55 directions.

In addition, 6B and 69.70 are each outlet 3.4 of the particle size sorting section 1.
．． This is a guide plate attached to the lower part of 5, which gently guides the sorted grains scraped out by scrapers 18, 18, 18 from the outlet 3.4.5 onto each sorting heel 53.5455. .

Reference numeral 71 denotes a chute that receives grains that are finally sorted as damaged grains and falls from the upper end of the small grain sorting heald 55 and discharges them out of the machine.

The driving force is transmitted to the sorting healds 1-53, 54, and 55 through a pulley 74 fixed to the output shaft 73 of a gear box 72 attached to the end of the output shaft 33 of the motor 32, and a sorting heald 55 for small particles. A transmission heald 76 is installed between a two-stage pulley 75 fixed to one end of the upper roller 63, and a two-stage pulley 77 fixed to one end of the upper roller 60 of the two-stage brief 5 and the sorting heald 54 for medium grains. A transmission heald 78 is installed between the two-stage pulley 77, and
A transmission belt 80 is installed between a pulley 79 fixed to one end of the roller 57 above the sorting heald 53 for large particles, and as the motor 32 is driven, the spiral shaft 8 of the particle size sorting section 1 and The sorting cylinder 7 and the sorting cylinder 53.5455 of the shape sorting section 2 are made to operate at the same time.

Tanks 58 formed at the bottom of 53 and 54 respectively
．． At the bottom of 61, there is a sized particle outlet 81.82, which rotates with respect to the regulated particle outlet 81.82.
A shutter 8384 is provided to open and close 2, and the shutter 83.84 closes in accordance with the operation of solenoids 85.86 provided above the tanks 58.61. It is configured to be activated by a full signal from an electronic scale 87.88 installed below the bag support device 8 placed on the electronic scale 87.88.
Bags 91 and 91 are supported by 9.90 so that automatic bag filling work can be performed.

When the grains are put into the grain receiving hopper 49 of the sorting machine configured in this way, gold wI52 at the opening of the grain receiving hopper 49 is collected.
Relatively large coarse portions are prevented from flowing in, and the granules from which the coarse substances have been removed further flow through the chute 12 into the grain receiving tube 6 after most of the contaminants are screened out in the wind selection path 48. The grains that have flowed into the grain receiving tube 6 are sequentially sent upward by the spiral blades 21 of the spiral shaft 8 as the spiral shaft 8 rotates.

In this earthen wall process, most of the small particles and particles with cracks, etc.
7 and falls onto the lower gutter 27. Among the grains that have further risen and reached the medium grain sorting area 30, the medium grains smaller than the medium grain sorting hole 16 leak out from the medium grain sorting hole 16 and enter the medium receiving trough 2.
The large grains that fall onto the upper channel 6 and rise further are discharged onto the upper receiving gutter 25 through the discharge window 19.

In this grain size sorting process, the grains may crack slightly due to friction or collision with the sorting tube 7 and spiral shaft 8, and these damaged grains also fall into each receiving gutter 25. 26.2
7 is released.

The particles received in the receiving troughs 25, 26, 27 are transferred to the upper eaves 13, which rotate together with the sorting tube 7. Middle eave 14. The scrapers 18, 18, 18 of the lower circumferential eave 15 scrape out the grains from the outlets 3, 4.5, respectively, and gently transfer them over the guide plates 68, 6970 to the large grain sorting heald 53. Sorting heald for medium grains 54. They are each guided onto a sorting belt 55 for small particles.

First, out of the grains guided onto the sorting heald 53 for large grains, the spherical grains roll downward at a speed faster than the upward movement speed of the sorting belt 53, and the sorting heald 5
Some damaged grains and whole grains produced in the grain size sorting section 1, etc., are put into a tank 58 for large grains formed below the lower end of 3, and accumulate on the sorting heald 53 without rolling. As it moves upward on the slope, it is conveyed upward, and the sorting heald 5
3 falls onto the lower guide chute 66 and is guided via the guide plate 69 onto the sorting heald 54 for medium grains. Note that on the sorting heald 53, most of the spherical particles roll downward on the sorting heald 53 as described above, but some particles are blocked by damaged grains and do not roll. The grains, along with the damaged grains, are guided onto the lower sorting heald 54 for medium grains, and are again sorted by shape.

As described above, the medium grains scraped out from the middle receiving trough 26 and the grains sorted as damaged grains from the upper end of the upper sorting heald 53 for large grains are guided to the sorting heald 54 for medium grains. The shape is sorted by the same action as the sorting heald 53 for large grains, and the grains are sorted by the sorting belt 61 for medium grains formed below the lower end of the sorting heald I/54 for medium grains. 5
The grains that have not rolled on the lower stage 4 are guided onto the lower sorting belt 55 for small grains.

As mentioned above, on the sorting heald 55 for small grains, the grains sorted as damaged grains from the upper stage sorting belt 54 for medium grains and the small grains scraped out from above the lower receiving gutter 27 are guided and shaped. The sorted, small-diameter particles fall from the lower end of the small particle sorting belt 55 onto the small particle discharge chute 64 and are taken out of the machine, and are finally transferred to the small particle sorting belt 5 as damaged particles.
The particles falling downward from the upper end of the chute 71 are discharged to the outside of the machine.

In addition, as described above, the sized grain outlet 81.82 at the bottom of the tank 58.61 for large grains and medium grains is the sized grain outlet 81.82.
Bag support device 89. above the electronic scale 87.88 installed below.
When the bag 91.91 supported at 90 is full due to grading,
A signal from the electronic scale 87.88 causes the solenoid 85.
86 is activated, and the shank-83, 84 interlocked with this
Since the structure is such that each bag is automatically closed, in this closed state, before the tank 58, 61 is filled, the bag 91, 91 is replaced and the shutter 83, 84 is opened repeatedly. , the bagging work can be carried out continuously.

As described above, the present invention is configured to perform grain size sorting, which relatively easily causes damaged grains, before shape sorting to remove damaged grains, so that when the re-sorting is finished, grains mixed during grain sorting are mixed. The number of damaged grains is extremely reduced.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the particle size sorting section 1 is composed of a vertical sorting device consisting of a spiral shaft 8, a sorting tube 7, etc., but a different sorting device shown in FIG. As in the embodiment, the particle shape sorting section 1 may be constructed of a horizontal sorting tube 92 inclined downward to one side, and the particles may be lifted and guided to the sorting tube 92 by a bucket conveyor 93 or the like.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show embodiments of the present invention, and FIG.
FIG. 2 is a front center longitudinal sectional view showing one embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a front center longitudinal sectional view showing another embodiment. Particle size sorting section/shape sorting section

Claims (1)

[Claims] A particle size/shape sorter for granules that integrally includes a particle size sorting section 1 that sorts granules according to particle size, and a shape sorting section 2 that removes damaged particles that are cracked, distorted, etc. from the granules. A particle size and shape sorter for particles, characterized in that the particles sorted by particle size in a particle size sorting section 1 are supplied to a shape sorting section 2.