JPH02217653A - Transmission - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To construct a transmission in small size and reduce noise by forming it from a sun roller which is arranged inside of a rotating element and equipped with a braking means, a planet roller which is interposed between it and the rotating element in pressure contact and held by a carrier, and a one-way clutch. CONSTITUTION:A pulley (rotating element) 3 is mounted on the driving shaft 1 of an engine through a transmission. This transmission consists chiefly of a planetary frictional type speed increasing mechanism 10, a clutch 20, and an electromagnetic brake (braking means) 30. The speed increasing mechanism 10 consists of a sun roller 11 arranged coaxially at the bore of the pulley 3, a planet roller 12 interposed in pressure contact between this pulley and sun roller, and a carrier 13 which holds the planet roller and is fixed to the driving shaft. When the driving shaft is in idling, the electromagnetic brake is actuated to put the sun roller in condition not capable of rotating, and meantime the planet roller is rotating round its own axis and also orbiting to cause the pulley to make incremental rotation. When the rotating speed of the driving shaft has risen, the electromagnetic brake is disengaged to result in rotating as in a single piece. Transmission of the power is made with friction of the planet roller to allow accomplishing the device in a smaller size than a one with gears, and noise generated will be less.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to a transmission device that is provided between a drive shaft and a rotating body attached to the drive shaft and that switches a gear ratio according to the rotational speed of the drive shaft.

<Conventional technology> -In terms of TC, in automobiles, alternators,
Engine power is used to drive auxiliary equipment such as the power steering pump and cooler pump. That is, a booster is attached to both the crankshaft of the engine and a driven shaft of the auxiliary machine, and a belt is stretched between both bobbles, so that power is transmitted by the belt.

However, when the engine is idling, it is set to a low rotation speed (approximately 700-100 Or pm), and at this rotation speed! Since the functions of II machines tend to be insufficient, there is a demand for improving the functions of auxiliary machines even during idling operation.

Conventionally, when the engine is idling, the engine power is increased in speed and transmitted to the auxiliary equipment, and when the engine is running at high speed, the engine power is transferred to the auxiliary equipment at a rotation ratio of approximately 1:1. A device for transmitting information is being considered. An example of this device is an engine auxiliary drive device with a planetary gear mechanism disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Application No. 58-173854.

This device operates a planetary gear mechanism to increase the rotational power of the crankshaft when the engine is idling, and drives the boob at a higher rotational speed than the crankshaft rotational speed. When the rotation speed exceeds a certain level, the planetary gear mechanism is disabled and the rotation ratio between the pulley and crankshaft is approximately 1:1.
1.

<Problem to be solved by the invention> By the way, in the case of the conventional example having such a configuration,
There are the following inconveniences.

Because a planetary gear mechanism is used, there is a limit to the miniaturization of the planetary gears, which is an obstacle to making the device more compact.Also, the meshing of the gears with each other causes large noise and vibration. There is also room for improvement in this respect.

The present invention was devised in view of these circumstances, and aims to provide a transmission device that can be made compact and that can improve noise and vibration characteristics.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a system that is provided between a drive shaft and a rotating body attached to the drive shaft, and that adjusts the gear ratio according to the rotational speed of the drive shaft. In the transmission that switches,
It has the following structure.

The transmission of the present invention includes a sun roller coaxially disposed on the inner diameter side of the rotating body;
Planetary friction consisting of a plurality of a-star rollers interposed in pressure contact between the sun roller and the rotating body, and a carrier rotatably holding the planetary rollers and coupled to the drive shaft so as to rotate together. The present invention is characterized in that it includes a speed increasing mechanism, a one-way clutch provided between the carrier and the rotating body, and a braking means for stopping rotation of the sun roller.

In the above configuration, when the rotation of the sun roller is not stopped by the braking means, the planetary roller is caused to revolve around the drive shaft without rotating on its own axis by the carrier that rotates together with the drive shaft, so that the planetary roller and the sun roller are The carrier and the boot are integrated by frictional force, and the launch is locked to integrate the carrier and the rotating body, so power is directly transmitted from the drive shaft to the rotating body. Become. In other words, the drive shaft and the rotating body are rotated at a ratio of approximately III.

On the other hand, when the rotation of the sun roller is stopped by the braking means,
Since the planetary roller that is revolved around the drive shaft by the carrier rotates, the rotating body rotates at a predetermined rate, and at the same time, the clutch becomes free and rotates with the carrier. The body will rotate relative to the body.

By employing such a 'ti star friction type speed increasing mechanism, the external dimensions can be easily reduced, which is advantageous for making the entire device more compact. Moreover, when increasing speed, power is transmitted from the drive shaft to the rotating body using friction, so
Noise and vibration will be suppressed to a level lower than that of conventional systems that rely on meshing gears.

<Example> Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings.

An embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG.

In this embodiment, an example will be given in which such a transmission is provided between an engine crankshaft and a pulley attached thereto. In the figure, 1 is a crankshaft (drive shaft) whose shaft end protrudes from the engine block 2, 3 is a pulley (rotating body) attached to the crankshaft 1 via the transmission described in detail below, and 4 is a rotating body. A driven shaft of an auxiliary machine (not shown), 5 is a pulley directly fixed to the driven shaft 4, and 6 is a belt stretched between both pulleys 3 and 5.

The transmission is mainly composed of a free X friction type speed increasing mechanism l〇 one-way clutch 20 and an electromagnetic brake 30 as a braking means.

The planetary friction speed increasing device 10 includes a sun roller 11 disposed coaxially on the inner diameter side of a pulley 3, and a plurality of planetary rollers 12 interposed in a press-contact state between the sun roller 11 and the pulley 3.
and a carrier 13 which is fixed to the crankshaft l and rotatably holds each of the planetary rollers 12. The sun roller 11 is fitted onto the small diameter cylindrical portion 14 of the carrier I3 through a rolling bearing 7A so as to be relatively rotatable, and the pulley 3 is fitted onto the large diameter cylindrical portion 15 of the carrier 13 through a rolling bearing 7B so as to be relatively rotatable. It is fitted externally.

On the other hand, the clutch 20 includes a ring body 8 attached to the pulley 3.
It is provided between the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical portion 81 and the inner circumferential surface of the large diameter cylindrical portion 15 of the carrier 13, and has a structure using a so-called sprag. The ring body 8 is formed in a shape that wraps around the large-diameter cylindrical portion 15 of the carrier 13, and the cylindrical portion 81
are disposed coaxially and facing each other on the inner diameter side of the large diameter cylindrical portion 15. As for the operation of this one-way clutch 20, the carrier 13
When the large diameter cylindrical portion 15 of the carrier 13 rotates at a higher speed than the cylindrical portion 81 of the ring body 8, it becomes locked, and when the cylindrical portion 81 of the ring body 8 rotates at a higher speed than the large diameter cylindrical portion 15 of the carrier 13, it becomes free.

The electromagnetic brake 30 is provided on the outer diameter side of the thin-walled cylindrical portion 16 of the sun roller 11, and is connected to the T1 magnet 31 attached to the engine block 2 via the stay 9 and the outer periphery of the thin-walled cylindrical portion 16 of the sun roller 11. An annular plate 32 made of a magnetic material is spline-fitted into a spline groove formed in a spline groove. This annular plate 32 is pressed against the radially outward flange 17 side of the sun roller 11 by the tension of a spring 33, and is drawn toward the electromagnet 31 by energizing the electromagnet 31 against the tension of the spring 33. It is now possible to

Seals 40 and 42 are installed between the open end of the cylindrical portion 31 provided in the boot I73 and the flange 17 of the sun roller 11, and between the open end of the ring body 8 and the outer periphery of the crankshaft l, respectively. Furthermore, a seal 41 is installed between the shaft end of the small diameter cylindrical portion 14 of the carrier 13 and the inner peripheral surface of the sun roller 11. These two seals allow planetary friction speed increase 8! Horizontal 10 and one-way clutch 2
The internal space of the 0 is sealed from the outside to prevent lubricant from leaking from the internal space and dust from entering from the outside.

Next, the operation will be explained.

Here, the IM magnet 31 is energized from the start of rotation of the crankshaft 1 to the time of idling operation (approximately 700 to 1000 rpm), and the TL magnet 31 is energized when the rotation speed exceeds the number of revolutions during idling operation. This will be explained using an example of stopping the process.

First, when the electromagnet 3I is energized, the annular plate 32 is attracted to the electromagnet 31 against the tension of the spring 33, so that the sun roller 1 is restrained so that it cannot rotate. Therefore, the planetary rollers 12 are rotated around the crankshaft by the carrier 13 that rotates integrally with the crankshaft 1, so that the pulley 3 is accelerated at a predetermined ratio and rotated by the frictional force caused by the rotation of the planetary rollers 12. It will be done. At the same time, carrier 13
Since the rotational speed of the cylindrical portion 81 of the annular ring 8 fixed to the pulley 3 begins to become faster than the rotational speed of the large diameter cylindrical portion 15 of the large-diameter cylindrical portion 15 of the crankshaft 1, the one-way launch 20 becomes free and the carrier 13. Planetary roller 12. Power is transmitted to the pulley 3, and as a result, the pulley 3 is rotated at a predetermined ratio at a speed higher than the rotational speed of the crankshaft l.

By the way, when the number of revolutions of the crankshaft 1 exceeds the number of revolutions during idling operation, the power supply to the i magnet 31 is stopped, so the annular plate 32 is pulled away from the T4 if stone 31 by the tension of the spring 33, and the solar roller 11
can be rotated. As a result, the planetary roller 12 stops rotating, so the sun roller 11 and the pulley 3 begin to rotate integrally via the planetary roller 12. At this time, the rotational speed of the cylindrical portion 81 of the ring body 8 fixed to the pulley 3 becomes slower than the rotational speed of the large diameter cylindrical portion 15 of the carrier 13, so that the clutch 20 is locked and the crankshaft l
From carrier 13° One-way latch 20. Power is transmitted to the pulley 3 through the annular body 8, and as a result, the pulley 3 and the crankshaft 1 are rotated at a ratio of approximately 1:1.

It goes without saying that the transmission device of the present invention can be applied to various locations other than being installed between the crankshaft l and the pulley 3 of the engine. For example, if the transmission of the present invention is provided between the driven shaft 4 and the pulley 5 of an auxiliary machine, it becomes possible to use the auxiliary machine in a rotation range suitable for each of the auxiliary machines.

Further, in the above embodiment, an electromagnetic brake 30 is used as a braking means.
is used, but other types may be used. Further, although the pulley 3 is used as the outer ring of the planetary friction speed increasing mechanism, the present invention also includes a structure in which the outer ring is formed separately from the pulley 3 and is coupled to the pulley 3.

<Effects of the Invention> As explained above, according to the present invention, the power is transmitted from the drive shaft to the rotating body during speed increase by the friction of the planetary rollers, which eliminates the generation of noise and vibration compared to the conventional method. This can be suppressed to a smaller size than that achieved by meshing gears, and the planetary rollers can be more easily miniaturized than the planetary gears, making it possible to make the entire device more compact.

[BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS] FIGS. 1 and 2 show an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS.
The figure is a longitudinal side view showing the usage pattern of the transmission, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line nn in FIG. 1. l... Crankshaft (drive shaft), 3... Pulley (rotating body), 10... Planetary friction speed increasing mechanism, 11... Sun roller, 12... Planetary roller, 13... Carrier, 20...One-way clutch, 30...Electromagnetic brake (braking means).

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) In a transmission device that is provided between a drive shaft and a rotating body attached to it and switches the gear ratio according to the rotational speed of the drive shaft, a sun roller coaxially arranged on the inner diameter side of the rotating body. and,
A planetary friction type consisting of a plurality of planetary rollers interposed in pressure contact between the sun roller and the rotating body, and a carrier that rotatably holds the planetary rollers and is coupled to the drive shaft so as to rotate together. A transmission device comprising: a speed increasing mechanism; a one-way clutch provided between the carrier and the rotating body; and a braking means for stopping rotation of the sun roller.