JPH0220768B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to an artificial structure constructed on the surface of the sea or a lake, which can be used for multiple purposes such as an artificial sea city, a sea airport, or a platform for an offshore oil field by arranging a large number of structures in parallel. It provides a structure.

There have been various proposals for marine structures, for example, floating the marine structure on the water surface by connecting appropriate mooring means such as chains or cables to multiple anchor members buried in the seabed. The structure was moored in place. For this reason, in the case of large-scale structures, it is necessary to bury many anchor members, and in deep sea areas, large-scale anchor members and mooring means are also required.
In addition, since the structure was completely floating, it swayed under the influence of changes in waves and tidal currents, making it unsuitable for use as a living space.

Therefore, in the present invention, a plurality of column bases each having a buoyancy tank chamber are attached to the deck part so as to be movable up and down via a hollow column, and the buoyancy of the column base is adjusted by controlling the amount of water in the buoyancy tank chamber. A position adjustment device for adjusting the vertical position of the column pedestal in the deck part is provided in the column, and the lower end of the column pedestal is brought into soft contact with the seabed to hold the deck part horizontally.

Hereinafter, the illustrated embodiment will be described in detail. The marine structure 1 includes a deck part 2 on which a structure such as a house can be built, and a plurality of column bases 3 extending from the deck part 2.
It consists of

The deck part 2 has a multi-layer structure in which plates made of concrete or steel are arranged vertically at appropriate intervals, and according to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the deck part 2 has four layers, a 4b, 4
The first deck 4a at the lowest level is equipped with a distribution system, a waste recycling system, an energy and water supply system, etc. The second deck part 4b is used as an industrial area by building an experiment, research facility, factory, etc. The third deck 4c is equipped with a traffic road and its control system. The fourth deck 4d on the top floor will be used for housing, shops, schools, hospitals, and other public facilities, and will be used for residential, educational, administrative, medical, leisure purposes, and as an aircraft landing pad. Each deck 4a... is fixed to the flange of a hollow support 5... inserted through the column base 3 and held horizontally, and suspended by a hanging 6 such as a chain or wire between each deck 4a... There is. The distance between each deck 4a is approximately 20 m between the first deck 4a and the second deck 4b.
The distance between the second deck 4b and the third deck 4c is approximately 20m.
The distance between the third deck portion 4c and the fourth deck 4d is approximately 10 m. For example, an elevator or escalator may be provided on the column base 3 between the decks 4a, so that they can communicate with each other. In addition, each deck 4
a... may be provided with other environmental facilities without being limited to the above embodiments, or the deck 4 may have a single-layer structure, a plurality of layers other than four layers, or an inclined surface.

The column base 3 has an inner column 7 having a cylindrical cross section made of concrete or steel, and a cylindrical cross section made of concrete or steel that surrounds the lower part of the inner column 7 and has a larger diameter than the inner column 7. It consists of an outer pillar 8.

The upper part of the inner column 7 is loosely inserted into the column 5 having a hollow cylindrical cross section, and the lower side is fitted into the hollow part of the outer column 8. The upper end of the outer column 8 tapers toward the inner column 7 and is in close contact with the outer periphery of the inner column 7, and the lower end has a thick bottom part 9 made of concrete or the like having a diameter larger than that of the outer column 8. has been established. Therefore, column base 3
The inner column 7 with a small cross-sectional area is located near the sea surface, which not only reduces wave resistance and the influence of tides, but also allows the center of gravity of the column base 3 to be set low. , the center of gravity of the column base 3 can be set lower. In addition, the bottom part 9 is connected to the outer pillar 8.
Since the diameter is larger than that of the column base 3, the ground contact area of the column base 3 becomes large, and it is possible to prevent the column base 3 from sinking into the seabed.

A buoyancy tank chamber 10 is formed inside the outer column 8. This buoyancy tank chamber 10 includes a water injection pump (not shown) that supplies water into the buoyancy tank chamber 10 from outside the outer column 8, and a water injection pump (not shown) that discharges water injected into the buoyancy tank chamber 10 to the outside of the outer column 8. A discharge pump (not shown) is provided to adjust the amount of water in the buoyancy tank chamber 10.

Further, each adjacent column pedestal 3 is connected to the outer circumferential surface of the outer column 8 by a plurality of connecting members 11 so as to be movable in the vertical direction. The connecting member 11 is
For example, an annular joint member 11b that attaches the long bar 11a and the outer column 8 so as to be movable in the vertical direction.
The joint member 11b is connected to each column base 3.
...Insert it in the middle of the length.

A position adjustment device 12 for adjusting the vertical position of the column base 3 is provided inside the column 5 described above. This position adjustment device 12 has vertical racks 12a fixed at equal intervals to a part of the outer peripheral surface of the inner column 7 of the column base 3, and a rotating shaft 12d provided with a worm 12a and a gear 12c between each deck. The above worm 1
2b and the rack 12a are engaged with each other, and the gear 12c and a drive source 12f such as a motor are connected via another gear 12e. Therefore, the driving source 12f
By rotating forward and backward, the column base 3 can be moved up and down, and the vertical position of the inner column 7 relative to the column 5, or in other words, the vertical position of the column base 3 relative to the deck portion 2 can be adjusted. Incidentally, this position adjustment device 12 is provided independently for each column base 3.
A bottom landing control device (not shown) allows the vertical position of each column pedestal 3 to be independently controlled.

The bottom landing control device is installed, for example, on the first deck 4a, and is connected to pressure sensors 13 individually provided on the lower surface of the bottom landing portion 9 of each column pedestal 3. The bottom landing control device includes the pressure sensor 13
The difference between buoyancy and gravity acting on each column pedestal 3 is electrically detected. The signal sent from each pressure sensor 13 and a preset balance signal are constantly compared and monitored by the bottom landing control device, and when the buoyancy signal deviates from the balance signal, the buoyancy of the buoyancy tank chamber 10 of the desired column base 3 is adjusted. Adjust. This buoyancy adjustment is
The amount of water in the buoyancy tank chamber 10 is adjusted by electrically controlling the water injection/drainage pump provided in the buoyancy tank chamber 10. Then, the total gravity applied to each column pedestal 3 and the total buoyancy of each column pedestal 3 are balanced, and the total gravity is controlled to be slightly larger than the total buoyancy,
The bottom part 9 of the column pedestal 3 is controlled to touch the bottom of the sea floor softly to the extent that the structure 1 does not move due to changes in waves or tidal currents.

In addition, if the horizontal balance of the deck section 2 cannot be maintained due to unevenness on the seabed or changes in the geology, for example, a horizontal balancer may be attached to the deck section 2 and the horizontal balancer may be connected to the bottom landing control device. By operating the above-mentioned position adjustment device 12, the desired vertical position of the column base 3 is individually adjusted, and the deck portion 2 is always maintained horizontally, thereby making it possible to provide an optimal living space.

In order to install the structure 1 configured in this way on the sea, a part or all of the deck part 2 and the column base 3 are assembled in advance using a predetermined dock, etc., so that the entire buoyancy of the column base 3 is fully absorbed. The deck part 2 is floated on the water surface by the buoyancy generated in the column base 3 which is made larger than the weight. and,
The column base 3 is towed by a ship or the like to a predetermined ocean position, and then the total buoyancy of the column base 3 is gradually made smaller than the total weight.
When the bottom landing section 9 reaches the bottom of the seabed, the pressure sensor 13 is activated, and the bottom landing control device and position adjustment device 12 adjust the vertical position of the column base 3 to keep the deck section 2 level. 2 is held horizontally. Then, if necessary, an auxiliary anchor 14 is driven into the seabed, and the anchor 14 and the column base 3 are connected by an auxiliary mooring means 15 such as a chain or wire to prevent the structure 1 from flowing.

Note that, if necessary, a plurality of structures 1 may be connected to form a large-scale maritime city.

In addition, when moving the structure 1, the auxiliary mooring means 15 may be removed, the total buoyancy of the column base 3 may be made larger than the total weight, the structure 1 may be floated off the seabed, and the structure 1 may be towed by a ship or the like.

According to the above structure, the following effects can be obtained.

(1) Each column base has a buoyancy tank chamber, so
There is no need to provide a separate buoyancy tank in the structure, and the structure is simple. In addition, by increasing the buoyancy of each column pedestal, the structure can be floated on the water surface and towed to a predetermined ocean location for installation, making it possible to construct the structure in advance using docks, etc., and to facilitate on-site work and save labor. , it is possible to provide effective marine structures that can be constructed in a short time.

(2) Since the column bases are soft-contacted to the seabed, the load on the column bases can be reduced, which allows the column bases to be designed with low rigidity, reducing the construction cost of the structure.

(3) The vertical position of each column pedestal can be adjusted independently using the position adjustment device provided on each column pedestal.
Even if the seabed is uneven, there is no problem, the range of locations where structures can be installed is expanded, and there is no need to choose the sea area where they can be installed. Furthermore, foundation work such as land leveling work to be performed on the seabed can be reduced. Additionally, since the deck can always be maintained horizontally and stably, an extremely comfortable living space can be provided.

(4) Since the structure is not completely floating, the structure will not sway due to changes in waves or tidal currents after installation, and only a very simple auxiliary mooring means is sufficient. Further, there is no need for complicated adjustment work of the mooring means, and the construction cost of the structure can be significantly reduced.

(5) Each column pedestal is composed of an inner column and an outer column with a larger diameter than the inner column, and the bottom end of the outer column is provided with a bottom part that is larger in diameter than the outer column, so that the center of gravity of the column pedestal is It can be set low, the ground contact area is large, and the cross-sectional area near the sea surface is small, so the influence of waves and currents is reduced, the column base is stable, and the entire deck part can provide an extremely stable marine structure.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show one embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a partial perspective view, FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway side view, FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view of the position adjustment device, and FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway side view. It is a cross-sectional view same as the above. 1 is an offshore structure, 2 is a deck part, 3 is a column base, 1
0 is the buoyancy tank chamber, 12 is the position adjustment device.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a marine structure that has a deck part on which a structure can be built on the upper surface and a plurality of pillar pedestals that extend downward from the deck part and whose lower ends touch the bottom of the seabed, the pillar pedestals are connected to the upper inner pillar. , and an outer column that is larger in diameter and lower than the inner column, and an independent buoyancy tank chamber is formed inside the column base, and a pressure sensor is provided at the lower end of the outer column so that the outer column has a lower diameter than the inner column. A large-diameter bottom landing portion is provided, and the deck portion is provided with a plurality of the column pedestals, each of which is movable up and down via a hollow support, and each adjacent column pedestal is connected by a connecting member so as to be movable in the vertical direction. A position adjustment device having a driving source is provided in each of the above-mentioned pillars, and the amount of water in each of the above-mentioned buoyancy tanks is controlled by activating the bottom landing control device and injecting water based on the output of the pressure sensor. The buoyancy of each column pedestal is adjusted independently to bring the bottom landing section to the bottom of the seabed, and the vertical position of each column pedestal is independently adjusted by each position adjustment device so that the bottom landing section is placed on the water surface of the deck section. A soft-bottomed marine structure characterized by being held horizontally.