JPH0220316Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] The present invention relates to a tunnel excavator, and more specifically, the invention is attached to a part of the outer periphery of a skin plate to stop spring water at the face between the skin plate and the tunnel wall. This invention relates to an excavator equipped with a hydraulic gasket.

[Conventional technology]

If spring water from the face that is generated during tunnel excavation enters the excavator itself or the tunnel behind the excavated area, it will obstruct the excavation work and disable the operation of various support equipment, so measures are taken to prevent this intrusion. has been done.

For example, in a shield excavator 1 for excavating a soft soil layer as shown in FIG.
A tail seal 5 is installed between the shaft and the shaft to prevent spring water from entering the face. This is because the shield tunneling machine 1 has an integral structure surrounded by a cylindrical skin plate 6, so water can be stopped at the tail plate 3. Recently, however, this tail seal 5 has been partially formed into a bag-like structure. In some cases, a material that is expanded by supplying fluid into it and has improved water-stopping properties is sometimes used. For example, there is one described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 55-2520, in which the tail portion of the shield body is installed so as to expand toward the inside of the body. Generally, the tail seal is formed into a bellows shape in order to watertight the gap between the segment and the skin plate of the excavator main body.

However, as shown in FIG. 1, the tail seal 5 is functionally structured so that it only needs to stop water between the segment 4 assembled inside the tail plate 3 and the tail plate 3; For example, it does not have the function of stopping water between the skin plate 6 and the mine wall 7.

[The problem that the idea attempts to solve]

As mentioned above, in shield tunneling machines, consideration is given to preventing spring water from entering the tunnel wall at the rear end of the tail plate from entering the machine body.
Although the tunnel boring machine 8 for hard rock excavation does not have a cylindrical skin plate as shown in Fig. 2, which has been used for some time, it is used for hard rock layers without spring water, so it is difficult to stop the water as described above. Generally, they do not have the means to do so.

By the way, in order to prevent the backfilling material supplied to the outer periphery of the existing segment from flowing out to the front of the main body between the skin plate and the mine wall, there is a structure in which a sealing body is attached around the skin plate. . Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 56-100998 describes a seal body that is installed on the outside, that is, toward the mine wall.

However, any of the above seal structures must be installed at the rear of the excavator main body, and when the main body moves forward, it moves while being in contact with the inner surface of the existing segment or the surface of the mine wall. Therefore, wear of the seal body is inevitable, and the seal body cannot withstand long-term use. This becomes noticeable when sealing between the pit wall and the skin plate, and when considering maintenance such as replacement, it is impossible to install it integrally with the excavator main body.

This invention has been adopted for a tunnel excavator equipped with a front body, an extendable middle body, and a rear body, which can be applied to both soft soil layers and hard rock layers where spring water flows. The seal body that blocks the space between the skin plate and the skin plate from front to back does not move while in contact with the mine wall, and functions as a water stopper while the excavator body is stopped moving forward. By alternately using a pair of front and rear seal devices, wear and tear caused by friction caused by relative displacement with the wall can be avoided, and long-term operation can be achieved.In addition, the pressure-resistant seal device can shut off water between the skin plate and the mine wall. An object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel excavator equipped with a fluid pressure gasket having extremely high performance.

[Means to solve the problem]

The tunnel excavator of the present invention has an excavator main body including a front body, an extendable middle body, and a rear body.
Applicable to tunnel boring machines whose rear bodies are flexibly connected to each other.

Its features include the skin plates 1 of the front body 39 and rear body 35, as shown in FIG.
Recesses 16 and 16 are respectively formed in a part of the outer periphery of the excavator 1 and 11, and by fitting into the recesses 16 and supplying fluid from the excavator main body 19 side, the shaft wall 7 is removed from the recess 16. between the skin plate 11 of the front body 39 and the shaft wall 7 and the rear body 3
Between the skin plate 11 of No. 5 and the tunnel wall 7, the fluid from the tunnel wall is stopped, and
The front body 39 and the rear body 35 are provided with fluid pressure gaskets 33 and 34 (see 12 and 24 in FIGS. 3 and 4) that are alternately inflated during the water-stopping action.

[Effect]

A fluid pressure gasket 34 fitted in a recess 16 formed in the skin plate 11 of the rear body 35 is bulged toward the shaft wall 7 to stop spring water from the face or the like. Thereby, spring water stays only in the space between the shaft wall 7 and the skin plate 11. In this state, the cutter disk is rotated and the excavated hard rock is carried out. At this time, the inner cylinder of the middle barrel 40 moves forward. When one stroke of excavation is completed, the hydraulic gasket 33 formed on the skin plate 11 of the front shell 39 is expanded toward the shaft wall 7. The spring water is stopped at the fluid pressure gasket 33. In this state, the fluid pressure gasket 34 on the rear body 35 side is contracted, and the rear body 35 is moved to the front body 39 together with the outer cylinder of the middle body 40.
pull it to the side. In this way, even when excavating a hard rock layer with spring water, it is possible to excavate without performing segment construction.

[Effect of idea]

According to the present invention, the fluid pressure gasket is fitted into a recess provided on a part of the outer periphery of the skin plate, and by supplying fluid from the excavator main body side, the fluid pressure gasket bulges out from the recess toward the shaft wall. Therefore, it can be applied not only to drilling in soft soil layers but also to drilling in hard rock layers with spring water. Hydraulic pressure gaskets are installed between the skin plate of the front shell and the mine wall, and between the skin plate of the rear shell and the pit wall, respectively, for blocking the front and back.
It comes into static contact with the mine wall and exhibits a water-stopping function.
During its water-stopping action, the fluid pressure gasket is inflated alternately in conjunction with the expansion and contraction movement of the middle shell, so the fluid pressure gasket does not displace relative to the mine wall, avoiding wear and tear due to friction, etc., and extending its long-term operation. is possible.

[Examples] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on examples thereof.

FIG. 3 is a top sectional view of the fluid pressure gasket 12 attached to the outer periphery of the skin plate 11 on the front or rear body of the tunnel excavator. This fluid pressure packing 12 is formed so that it has a double structure in which a rubber packing material 14 with reinforcing cloth 13 as a core material is folded in half, and the outer surface 1 of the packing material 14 is folded in half.
A suitable number of protrusions 15 on the skin plate 4a are fitted into a recess 16 provided around the entire circumference in a part of the skin plate 11 in the axial direction, with an appropriate number of protrusions 15 protruding toward the shaft wall 7.

The base 14b of the packing material 14 is connected to the fluid supply port 1.
7 is interposed so as to sandwich the base member 18,
A retaining plate 21 is also fixed to the skin plate 11 so that fluid such as water or air supplied from inside the excavator body 19 through a pipe 20 swells as shown by the imaginary line. Note that the protrusion 1
Reference numeral 5 designates a sealing member 14 which, when expanded from the recess 16, comes into close contact with the pit wall 7 to improve water-stopping properties.

According to this fluid pressure bag 12, the base member 1
When fluid is supplied through the fluid supply port 17 of 8,
The outer surface 14a of the double-walled packing material 14 bulges out from the recess 16, forming an annular pressure-resistant packing surrounding the outer periphery of the skin plate 11. Therefore, the spring water from the face stays in the annular space 22 formed by the shaft wall 7, the annular packing material 14, and the skin plate 11, and the packing material 14, which has extremely high pressure resistance, absorbs the spring water pressure. This balances the flow rate and prevents an increase in the amount of spring water at the face and an outflow to the rear space 23.

Moreover, since the packing material 14 is made of a flexible material and is deformable, even if the excavator main body 19 is displaced in its radial direction, the amount of bulge changes accordingly, so that the water-stopping property is not impaired.

FIG. 4 shows a different embodiment of the fluid pressure packing 24.
Its cross-sectional shape is bellows-shaped. This packing material 25 is fixed to the recess 16 at both ends thereof, and swells as shown by the imaginary line with fluid from a fluid supply port 17 provided at the bottom of the recess 16.

According to this bellows-shaped fluid pressure gasket 24, in addition to functioning similarly to the fluid pressure gasket 12 described above, the excavator main body 19 can
Even though the packing material 25 is fixed to the tunnel wall 7 at 7 and is displaced in the axial direction due to the strong excavation reaction force, the packing material 25
Since a part of the bellows expands and contracts accordingly, water stoppage can be maintained without shifting the contact point with the shaft wall 7.

Next, a description will be given of the water stopping operation when these fluid pressure packings 12 and 24 are applied to a tunnel excavator used for excavating soft soil layers and hard rock layers.

According to the tunnel excavator 30 shown in FIG. 5, it is possible to excavate in a hard rock layer with spring water as follows. In addition, when excavating soft soil layers, the segments 31 are constructed as in the conventional shield excavator, and the fluid pressure packings 12, 2 according to the present invention are used to prevent spring water from entering with the tail seal 32.
The shaft wall seals 33 and 34, which are No. 4, are not operated and their explanation will be omitted.

First, the rear gripper 36, which expands and contracts in the radial direction on the circumference of the rear barrel 35, is pressed against the shaft wall 7. Since the shaft wall 7 is hard, there is no need to construct the segment 31, and the rear body 35 is fixed in that position. Next, the skin plate 11 immediately before the rear gripper 36
The pit wall seal 34, which is a fluid pressure gasket fitted in the recess 16 formed in the pit wall 7, is bulged toward the pit wall 7, and the spring water from the face 38 is stopped. front torso 3
9, seals 41 and 42 interposed between the middle body 40 and the rear body 35, and the front body 39
The seals 43 and 44 inside, the partition wall 45 and the middle body 4
The seal 68 on the sliding part of 0 allows spring water to flow into the main body 19.
The spring water is prevented from penetrating into the shaft, and the spring water remains only in the space 47 between the shaft wall 7 and the skin plate 11. In addition, since the pressure resistance of the shaft wall seal 34 is high, it will not flow into the rear tunnel 48.

In this state, a cutter disk 54 having a hard rock roller bit 51, a soft soil layer cutter bit 52, and a slit 53 for swallowing excavated soil and stones as shown in FIG. , a ring gear 57, and a pinion 58, and are rotated by a drive motor 59. Rollerbit 5
The hard rock excavated in step 1 is taken in through the slit 53, thrown into the hopper 60 as the cutter disk 54 rotates, and carried out by the fluid conveyor 61 through the intake port 61a.

The cutter disk 54 is propelled by extending thrust jacks 63 attached to the rear end of the front body 39 and the front end of the rear body 35. At this time, the propulsion reaction force is received by the strong frictional force between the rear gripper 36 and the shaft wall 7 described above. With the extension of the thrust jack 63, the inner cylinder 64 of the intermediate barrel 40 slides on the metal 69 while its key 65 is engaged with the keyway 67 of the outer cylinder 66, and moves forward.

When one stroke of digging is completed, the front gripper 71, which expands and contracts in the radial direction on the circumference of the front body 39, is pressed against the shaft wall 7, and at the same time, the front gripper 71 is fitted into the recess 16 formed in the skin plate 11 immediately behind the front gripper 71. The shaft wall seal 33 is expanded toward the shaft wall 7. As a result, the spring water in the face 33 is stopped at the pit wall seal 33. In this state, the rear gripper 36 and the mine wall seal 34 of the rear shell 35 are reduced, the thrust jack 63 is reduced, and the rear shell 35 is connected to the front shell together with the outer cylinder 66 of the middle shell 40 connected by the date jack 72. Pull it to the 39 side.

By operating according to the procedure described above, even when excavating a hard rock layer with spring water, it becomes possible to excavate without constructing the segments 31. In addition,
Turning is easily performed by varying the amount of extension of the direction control jacks 73 provided in the inner cylinders 64 of the front body 39 and the middle body 40 and the aforementioned date jack 72 in the vertical and horizontal directions. At this time, since the seals 41 and 42 described above are deformed and the gap between the members intervening between them expands and contracts, the bending movement is not hindered.

In this way, the fluid pressure gasket is fitted into a recess provided on a part of the outer periphery of the skin plate, and when fluid is supplied from the excavator body side, the fluid pressure gasket expands from the recess toward the shaft wall. Therefore, it can be applied to excavation not only in soft soil layers but also in hard rock layers with spring water. The fluid pressure gasket blocks the front and rear shells between the skin plate of the front shell and the pit wall, and between the skin plate of the rear shell and the pit wall, but it contacts the pit wall in a stationary state, so
The water stop function is even more powerful. During its water-stopping action, the fluid pressure gasket is inflated alternately in conjunction with the expansion and contraction movement of the middle shell, so the fluid pressure gasket does not displace relative to the mine wall, avoiding wear and tear due to friction, etc.
Its long-term operation becomes possible.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional shield excavator, Figure 2
The figure is a schematic diagram of a conventional tunnel boring machine.
The figure is a cross-sectional view of the fluid pressure packing according to the present invention.
The figures are sectional views of different embodiments, FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional view of a tunnel excavator of the present invention employing a hydraulic packing, and FIG. 6 is a one-sided view taken in the direction of the - arrow in FIG. 5. 7... Pit wall, 11... Skin plate, 12,
24, 33, 34...Fluid pressure gasket (pit wall seal), 16...Recess, 19...Excavator body, 35
...rear torso, 39...front torso, 40...middle torso.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claim for Utility Model Registration] (1) A tunnel excavator in which the excavator body includes a front body, an extendable middle body, and a rear body, and the front body, middle body, and rear body are connected to each other in a flexible manner. In this method, recesses are formed on a part of the outer periphery of the skin plates of the front and rear shells, and by fitting into each recess and supplying fluid from the excavator body side, the excavator can drill through the recesses. It bulges toward the wall and stops the fluid from the tunnel wall between the skin plate of the front shell and the tunnel wall and between the skin plate of the rear shell and the tunnel wall, and when the water stops, A tunnel excavator characterized in that the front shell and the rear shell are equipped with fluid pressure gaskets that are alternately inflated. (2) The tunnel excavating machine according to claim 1, wherein the fluid pressure gasket has a bellows-shaped cross section.