JPH02200817A - Lifeboat - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide fatigue resistance, high strength, high modulus and good dimensional stability to a lifeboat by forming a base fabric from a specific fiber. CONSTITUTION:A rubber or resin is applied to the surface of a base fabric obtained by knitting a core-sheath type conjugate fiber (containing 35-90wt.% core component) having a core component consisting essentially of polyethylene terephthalate and sheath component consisting essentially of polyamide to provide the waterproofing sheet for life boat. A core-sheath type conjugate fiber having >=7.5g/d, preferably >=8g/d strength, <=20%, preferably 8-16% elongation, >=60g/d, preferably >=70g/d initial tensile resistance and <=7% dry heat shrinkage is used as the above-mentioned core-sheath type conjugate fiber.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field 1] The present invention provides rgj for rescue boats, and more specifically, by using a special iIM as the fiber forming the base fabric of the rescue boat, it has improved modulus, durability, This invention relates to a rescue boat with improved fatigue resistance, especially adhesiveness with rubber or resin.

[Prior Art] Conventionally, as a rescue boat, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-2417
Those described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 94 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 40-4666 are known. Generally speaking, the base fabric for rescue boats was made from spun yarn, but we improved the adhesion, releasability, and durability of rubber or resin to the base fabric obtained by weaving this spun yarn. As a material, a non-twisted spunlike polyester 11H bundle was used, and in order to cover the adhesion of the polyester fibers to rubber or resin, the polyester fibers were passed through a fluid turbulence region to form a loop, and this loop was coated with rubber. Alternatively, products with resin infiltrated are being used on a trial basis.

[Problem to be solved by the invention] The above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 1983-241794, Japanese Patent Publication No. 1986-40-
Polyester m m t used as a fiber forming the base fabric of a rescue boat described in Publication No. 4666,
t i5 Excellent strength and high elastic modulus. However, when used as a rescue boat, it is forced to remain in direct sunlight for long periods of time even under the scorching summer sun, resulting in high temperatures and thermal deterioration due to this heat, reducing its strength and losing its adhesion to rubber or resin. The problem was that it was easy to peel off.

The object of the present invention is to improve the adhesion between the base fabric and rubber or resin, which is a problem in the prior art, and to achieve excellent durability, as well as high strength, high elastic modulus, and good dimensional stability. Our goal is to provide you with a rescue boat.

[Means and effects for solving the problems] The present invention has the following features: (1) A rescue boat formed by applying rubber or resin to the surface of a base fabric, wherein the base fabric is mainly composed of polyester made of ethylene terephthalate. It is a core-sheath type composite JJi fiber consisting of a core component and a sheath component mainly composed of polyamide around the core component, and the proportion of the polyester core component in the core-sheath type composite fiber is 35 to 90% by weight. and
The strength of the composite fiber is 7.5 a/d or more, and the elongation is 20%.
Hereinafter, a rescue boat made of S-weave using fibers having an initial tensile resistance of 60 o/d or more and a dry heat shrinkage rate of 7% or less.

(2) The rescue boat according to (1) above, in which the core-sheath composite fibers made of polyester and polyamide are treated with a fluid and the core 1'N composite fibers are entangled with each other to form a base fabric.

(3) The rescue boat according to the above (1), in which the base fabric is formed using the core-sheath composite m coarse textured yarn in which the core-sheath composite fibers made of polyester and polyamide have been bulk-processed.

It is in.

The composite IJIH properties applied as the L1 fabric of the rescue boat according to the present invention are high modulus close to that of polyester, heat resistance in rubber, and peeling durability of the polymer at the core-sheath composite interface, which could not be achieved with conventional technology. the identified birefringence, density, and DSC melting peak temperature of the polyester and polyamide sheath component portions forming the core and sheath, respectively;
and polyester core component II, II(7) as indicated by parameters consisting of a combination of high initial bow strain resistance and low terminal modulus.

In order to obtain a composite fiber strength of 7.5 a/d or more, the core component polyethylene terephthalate IIH has a high upper limit viscosity (η) of 0.7 or more, preferably 018 or more.

Like the polyester core component, the polyamide sheath component polymer is also a high-strength composite! A high degree of m is required to obtain [, and ti
The n relative viscosity is 2.8 or more, preferably 3.0 or more. The polyamide sheath component contains copper salt as a thermal oxidative deterioration inhibitor.
and other organic and inorganic compounds are added. In particular, copper salts such as copper iodide, copper acetate, copper chloride, and copper stearate are used as copper in an amount of 30 to 5 ooppm, and alkali metal halides such as potassium iodide, sodium iodide, and potassium bromide are added as 0.0 ppm.
It is preferable to contain 0.01 to 0.5 weight M% and/or 0.01 to 0.1 m1% of an organic or inorganic phosphorus compound.

The proportion of the polyester core component in the composite mM is 35 to 90
It is heavy 5%.

In the case of rescue boats, especially when rescuing a person in distress and pulling them onto the boat, the 1ffi of the person on the boat is often concentrated in one part, and if the polyester component is less than 35% by weight, the modulus and dimensional stability of the polyester component will be affected. It is not possible to obtain a base fabric for a rescue boat that can be used effectively.

On the other hand, if the polyester core component accounts for 90 Mm% or more, when the composite fiber is knitted and used as a base fabric for a rescue boat and the base fabric is used for a rescue boat, it has poor adhesion to rubber and It is not possible to improve the heat resistance of the base fabric of rescue boats.

In the composite fiber, both the polyester core component and the polyamide sheath component are highly oriented and crystallized, and it is desirable that the birefringence of the polyester core component is maintained within the range of 160XIO'' to 190X10'.
If it is less than that, the strength of the composite fiber may not be 7.5 g/d or more, and the initial tensile resistance may not be 60 a/d or more. Moreover, if it exceeds 190×10°3, dimensional stability and fatigue resistance may not be improved.

On the other hand, the birefringence of the polyamide sheath component is highly oriented, being 50×10°1 or more, usually 55×10′ or more. Birefringence is 5
If it is less than 0x10', it is difficult to obtain a composite fiber having high strength and high initial tensile resistance.

The birefringence of the core-sheath composite IIN can be measured as follows. That is, the sheath portion is directly measured using a transmission interference microscope, and the core portion is measured using a transmission interference microscope after dissolving the polyamide composition with vA acid, sulfuric acid, fluorinated alcohol, etc.

The density of the polyester core component is 1.3950/α3 or more,
It is desirable that the polyamide sheath component is 1.1400/13 or higher and highly crystallized, and that the density is higher than the above-mentioned specific values so that the composite 17AH has excellent dimensional stability and fatigue resistance, and is suitable for use in rescue boats. When the base fabric is used as a tensile body of a rescue boat, the heat resistance in the rubber of the tensile body is significantly improved.

The density of the polyester core component is determined by dissolving and removing the polyamide sheath component with formic acid, sulfuric acid, fluorinated alcohol, etc., and the density of the polyamide sheath component is determined by measuring the density of the composite fiber and the density of the polyester core. Can be done.

The peak temperature of the DSC melting curve showing the characteristics of the crystal structure of the polyester core component in the composite Il #I is 247
The temperature is preferably 248°C or higher. The higher the peak temperature, the larger the crystal size and/or the better the crystal integrity and the more stable the 5ati structure. Melting peak ti of polyester core component fiber
! If the temperature is less than 247°C, the desired modulus, dimensional stability, and fatigue resistance may not be obtained.

Another characteristic reflecting the fiber structure of the composite fiber is that the polyester core component IIM has a high initial tensile resistance of 900/d or more and a low terminal modulus of 20 a/d or less. The characteristics of polyester fibers, which have high initial tensile resistance and low terminal modulus, are that there is little loss of strength during the process of applying rubber or resin (and fatigue resistance is improved.Terminal modulus is the tensile strength of the fiber). In the test, it is the value (a/d) obtained by dividing the stress increment between the point on the SS curve subtracted by 2.4% from the photopic elongation and the cutting point by 2.4 x 10, and the tensile test The conditions are based on JIS-L1017.

The compound ill characterized by the above is 7°5a/d
It has high strength on jX, initial tensile resistance of 60 a/d or more, and elongation of 20% or less.

More preferable composite tan properties are a strength of 118 a/d or more, an initial tensile resistance of 700/d or more, and an elongation of 8 to 16%, which can be achieved by appropriately combining the above conditions.

Said composite 111111. is produced by the novel method shown below.

In order to obtain the polymer physical properties of the polyester core component described above, the intrinsic viscosity [(77) is 0.751X or higher, usually 0.8
A polymer consisting essentially of polyethylene terephthalate of 5 or more is used. Furthermore, in order to obtain fibers with excellent heat resistance, it is important to spin a polymer with a low carboxyl end group of 1 degree. For example, techniques such as adopting a low-temperature polymerization method or adding a sequestering agent during the polymerization process or spinning process are applied, and examples of the sequestering agent include oxazolines, epoxies, carbodiimides, ethylene carbonate, oxalated esters, and malon. These include acid esters.

The polyamide sheath component polymer has a sulfuric acid relative viscosity of 2°8 or more,
Usually, a polymer with a high polymerization degree of 330 or higher is used.

It is preferable to use two extruder type spinning machines for melt spinning the polymer. The polyester and polyamide polymers melted by each extruder are introduced into a composite spinning bag, and spun into a composite fiber with polyester in the core and polyamide in the sheath through a composite spinning nozzle.

The spinning speed is 1500 m/min or more, preferably 2000 m/min.
The speed should be at least 1/min. Immediately below the spinneret, 10 cM or more, 200°C or more within 1 m, preferably 260°C
A heated atmosphere above ℃ is created by providing a heat insulating cylinder, heating N, etc.

After passing through the above-mentioned heating atmosphere, the spun yarn is rapidly cooled and solidified with cold air, and then an oil agent is applied at an invasive spinning speed of I, 1.
It will be picked up using a pick-up roll that you control once. The heating atmosphere directly below the spinneret is important for maintaining spinnability during high-speed spinning.The undrawn yarn that has been taken off is usually continuously stretched without being wound up. The birefringence of the undrawn yarn sampled on a take-up roll for the purpose of understanding the physical properties of the undrawn yarn was 20 x 10 in the polyamide sheath.
The polyester core is also highly oriented at 20x10' or more, preferably 30x10' or more.

Adoption of high-speed spinning is complex! 11ft of modulus, dimensional stability, and fatigue resistance, but surprisingly, the durability of the core-sheath composite interface is significantly improved. Unlike the conventional low-speed spinning method, in which a polyamide component that has undergone moisture absorption and crystallization is combined with an amorphous polyester component, in the high-speed spinning method, oriented crystallization progresses in both the polyamide component and the polyester component. It is thought that the following factors contribute to the durability of the composite interface: the fact that the fiber is in the same state as before, and the stretching ratio after spinning is small.

Next, the undrawn yarn is continuously heated to 180°C or higher, preferably 2°C.
It is hot stretched at a temperature of 00°C or higher.

The stretching is carried out in two or more stages, usually three or more stages, and the stretching ratio is in the range of 1.4 to 3.5 times. The use of such high-temperature thermal stretching according to the present invention also contributes to improving the composite interface durability. The stretching temperature in the third stage of the stretching is low, for example 160
Below 180°C, the polyester core component and polyamide are often used in the process of obtaining the rescue boat by coating the base fabric with rubber or resin, and when the rescue boat is used in harsh conditions. Interfacial peeling with the sheath component may occur.

The ratio of the core component in the core-sheath type composite fiber consisting of a core component mainly composed of polyester made of ethylene terephthalate and a sheath component mainly composed of polyamide surrounding the core component is 35 to 90fffffi%, If ! 17
．． Composite 8 with an elongation of 50/d or more, an elongation of 20% or less, an initial tensile resistance of 60 g/d or more, and a dry heat shrinkage rate of 7% or less
When using B111 as a rescue base fabric, the composite Wi+H may be twisted in a twisting process, but composite!
It is desirable to pass one fiber through a fluid treatment nozzle and entangle each single fiber in a turbulent region of the fluid. This involves weaving the base fabric of a rescue boat using fluid-treated composite fibers, and then coating the surface of the base fabric with rubber or resin. Since it comes into direct contact with the thread, it can improve the peeling resistance of the rubber or resin. Furthermore, when bulking is performed using a bulking nozzle, the base fabric and the rubber or resin penetrate into the interior of the base fabric, making it possible to further improve peeling resistance.

The polyester core/polyamide sheath composite tlaH having the above characteristics is used as the weft or warp, preferably the weft and the warp, to obtain a base fabric by weaving. When using other m-fibers for the weft or warp, the composite fibers come into contact with the applied rubber or resin more than these other fibers on the surface of the woven base fabric. The conditions are set as follows.

The base fabric using the composite fibers described above is coated with an adhesive such as resorcinol, formalin, or latex, and then heat-treated.

Dipping is performed using resins such as polyvinyl chloride resin and resins made of acrylic copolymers, rubbers such as natural rubber and styrene-butadiene rubber, on the base fabric treated with an adhesive using the composite IMrH described above. Processed or calendered to form a rubber layer or wood layer on the front and back surfaces.
1111 is formed into a waterproof sheet, and the waterproof sheet is processed to obtain a rescue boat.

[Example] Example-1 and 2) Comparative Examples 1 to 4 Intrinsic viscosity (η') 1.05, carboxyl end group concentration 1
0.5eq/106Q (D polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and 0.02% by weight of copper iodide and potassium iodide o
, imm% 66/6T <80:20 weight ratio) copolyamide (sulfuric acid relative viscosity ηr3.2), or hexamethylene adipamide (N66:sulfuric acid relative viscosity ηr3)
゜3) respectively using a 40φ spinner type spinning machine.
It was melted, introduced into a composite spinning bag, and spun from core/sheath composite spinning zero gold as a composite yarn with polyethylene terephthalate in the core and polyamide in the sheath.

The proportions of the core and sheath components were varied as shown in Table 1.

The cap used had a hole diameter of 0.4 mm and a number of holes of 45. The polymer temperature was to melt polyethylene terephthalate at 295°C and polyamide at 290°C, and set the spinning pack temperature to 300°C. A 15aI heating cylinder was attached directly below the spinning nozzle, and the atmosphere temperature inside the cylinder was 290°C. It was heated like this.

The ambient temperature is the ambient temperature measured at a position 10 cIl below the mouth surface and 1aII11 from the outermost thread. An annular chimney with a length of 400 cm was attached below the heating cylinder, and cold air was blown at 40 m/min at 25° C. from around the yarn at right angles to the yarn to cool the yarn.

After applying an oil agent, the yarn speed was controlled with a take-up roll rotating at the speed shown in Table 1, and then the yarn was drawn continuously without being wound up. The film was stretched in 3 stages using 5 pairs of Nelson-type rollers, then subjected to a relaxation heat treatment with 3% relaxation, and then wound up.

The stretching conditions were a take-up roll temperature of 60°C, a first stretching roll temperature of 120°C, a second stretching roll temperature of 190°C, a third stretching roll temperature of 225°C, and a tension adjustment roll after stretching that was not heated. The first stage stretching ratio was 70% of the total stretching ratio, and the remainder was divided into two stages for stretching. The yarn was produced by changing the spinning speed, total drawing ratio, etc., but the fineness of the drawn yarn was about 25.
The discharge amount was varied in accordance with the spinning speed and the stretching ratio so that the resultant yarn was 0 denier (Example 1.2) Comparative Examples 1 and 2).

Two of the obtained drawn yarns were combined into a 500 denier yarn.

The yarn spinning conditions, the obtained drawn yarn properties, and the five-taiIII manufacturing parameters were determined using polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
A comparative test was conducted on II fiber (500-96-702G) (Comparative example 3) and nylon 66 fiber H (420-68) (Comparative example 4).

Each condition and Il maintenance property are as shown in Table 1. Weaving was carried out using each of the five types of fibers shown in Table 1 as heated yarns, wefts, and warps. The weave structure was a 2/2 twill weave, and the weaving density in the relaxed state was a base fabric with a warp of 150 lines, 15α, and a weft of 150 lines, 151. Resorcinol, formalin, and a latex treatment agent were applied to the base fabric and heat-treated.

The processing agent contained an adhesive component consisting of 20% resorcinol, formalin, and latex, and was adjusted to adhere to approximately 4% of the IIW agent component composition. The heat treatment was performed at 225° C. for 80 seconds. Next, the obtained base fabric was calendered,
The surface covered with rubber was also vulcanized to form a waterproof sheet with a rubber layer or resin layer formed on the front and back surfaces, and a rescue boat was obtained using the waterproof sheet.

The results of measuring the physical properties of the obtained rescue boat are shown in Table 2.

The rescue boat according to the present invention has al
AH is a new composite fiber with special characteristics consisting of a core component mainly composed of polyester and a sheath component mainly composed of polyamide.
) is a high-strength base fabric that has the same or higher modulus and dimensional stability, and has significantly improved heat resistance, adhesion resistance, and fatigue resistance in rubber. It shows that even nylon! I (
Compared to the base fabric of Comparative Example 4), the modulus and dimensional stability are significantly improved.

[Effect of the invention] The rescue boat according to the present invention has a modulus and dimensional stability equal to or higher than that of polyester,
Heat resistance and adhesion in rubber, especially direct sunlight under the scorching sun,
There is no decrease in strength after high ms history due to radiant heat, etc., and heat-resistant adhesion and fatigue resistance are significantly improved. Therefore, the rescue boat according to the present invention has extremely high durability and can withstand severe conditions.

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) In a rescue boat made of a base fabric coated with rubber or resin, the base fabric has a core component mainly composed of polyester made of ethylene terephthalate, and a core component mainly composed of polyamide around the core component. It is a core-sheath type composite fiber consisting of a sheath component, the proportion of the polyester core component in the core-sheath type composite fiber is 35 to 90% by weight, the strength of the composite fiber is 7.5 g / d or more, and the elongation is 20% or less, initial tensile resistance 60g/d or more, dry heat shrinkage rate 7
A rescue boat characterized in that it is knitted and woven using fibers having a content of not more than 50%. (2) In claim (1), a core-sheath composite fiber made of polyester and polyamide is subjected to fluid treatment, and each single yarn is entangled with the core-sheath composite fiber to form a base fabric. A rescue boat characterized by: (3) Claim (1) is characterized in that the base fabric is formed using a core-sheath composite fiber bulk-processed yarn in which core-sheath composite fibers made of polyester and polyamide have been bulk-processed. rescue boat.