JPH02199210A - Lubricator for vertical type engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make it possible to perform good efficient lubrication by forcibly spraying like mist lubricating oil supplied under pressure to the upper bearing portion of a crankshaft from a force feed filtering portion from a narrow gap between a metal bearing and the upper bearing portion. CONSTITUTION:The upper portion of a crankshaft 12 is beared by a metal bearing 4, meantime, a lubricating oil force feed filtering portion which connects an oil strainer 13, an oil pump 45 and an oil filter 36 through oil force feed lines 14-17 is intensively arranged at a crankcase cover 2. The force feed filtering portion is connected to a joint face between the upper portion of the crankshaft 12 and the metal bearing 4 via an oil force feed line 7 passing through the inside of the crankshaft 12 to spray lubricating oil in a crankcase 1 from the joint face like a splash. Consequently, the lubricated portions in the crankcase 1 can be lubricated efficiently and uniformly.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Technical field of invention] The present invention relates to a lubrication device for a vertical engine.

[Prior art]

2. Description of the Related Art There is a vertical type engine, which has a crankshaft arranged vertically, as an engine installed in a working machine such as a lawn mower.

The lubricating device of this engine is generally equipped with a mechanism such as an oil strainer, an oil pump, and an oil filter that pumps and filters lubricating oil, and the lubricating oil pumped from here is forced to circulate mainly to the lubricated parts in the crankcase. It has become.

There are two methods for forcibly circulating lubricating oil within the crankcase: one is to provide an oil pressure passage within the wall of the crankcase to guide the oil to the required lubricated parts; There is one that makes droplets fly by splashing lubricant.

Of these, the former method of providing an oil pressure feed path has the advantage of being able to reliably send lubricating oil to the lubricated parts, but has the problem that machining of the oil pressure path requires a great deal of effort. Additionally, this method requires a pressure test for quality control to ensure that the lubricating oil is reliably circulating in the oil pressure passage and does not leak. However, as is well known, pressure testing is a very labor-intensive task, and therefore, it is inevitable that this becomes a factor in increasing costs as well as the machinability described above.

On the other hand, the latter method does not require complicated processing of the oil pressure path or pressure inspection of the oil pressure path, so
Very cost-effective. However, on the other hand, there is a problem in that the supply of lubricating oil to the lubricated parts is less reliable than in the case where an oil pressure passage is used, and efficient lubrication may not be possible.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and to provide a lubrication device that enables highly efficient lubrication in a vertical engine while having a structure that does not require complicated machining or pressure testing of oil pressure passages. It is in.

[J Stage for Solving the Problems] The present invention achieves the above object by arranging a crankcase cover at the lower part of the crankcase, arranging the crankshaft vertically inside the crankcase cover, and arranging the upper part of the crankshaft. In a vertical engine in which the crankcase has a lower portion bearing each on the crankcase cover,
The upper part of the crankshaft is supported by a metal bearing, and a lubricating hydraulic pressure feeding and filtering section in which an oil strainer, an oil pump, and an oil filter are connected through an oil pressure feeding path is centrally arranged on the crankcase cover. communicating with a mating surface between the upper part of the crack shaft and the metal bearing through an oil pressure passage penetrating the inside of the crankshaft;
The present invention is characterized in that the lubricating oil is sprayed into the crankcase from the mating surface in the form of droplets.

The present invention will be explained below with reference to embodiments shown in the figures.

1 to 5 show a vertical engine having a lubricating device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

This engine has a crankcase 1 as shown in Fig. 1.
A crankcase cover 2 is disposed at the bottom of the crankcase cover 2, and a crankshaft 12 is provided inside thereof in the vertical direction. The upper part of the crankshaft 12 is supported by a metal bearing 4 against the boss part 3 of the crankcase 1, and the lower part is supported by a bearing against the boss part 5 of the crankcase cover 2 so as to be surrounded by an annular space 6. . An oil pressure passage 7 passes through the inside of the crankshaft 12, a lower opening 8 of the oil pressure passage 7 communicates with the space 6, and an upper opening 9 where the metal bearing 4 and the crankshaft 12 meet. communicating between. Further, an opening 1O faces a portion corresponding to the intermediate crank pin 12a.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 5, the crankcase cover 2 includes an oil strainer 13, an oil pump 45, and an oil filter 36, which constitute a lubricating oil pressure-feeding and filtration section. . These oil filters 36 are arranged on the outside of the crankcase cover 2 and communicate with the inside through communication passages 16, 17.

Further, a relief valve 18 is provided in the communication passage 16 to release excess pressure of lubricating oil.

The oil strainer 13 and the oil pump 45 arranged in this way are connected by the pipe 14 as an oil pressure feeding path, and the oil pump 45 and the oil filter 3
The pipe 15 is connected to a communication passage 16 that communicates with the oil pump 6 using a pipe 15 as an oil pressure feeding passage. Furthermore, oil filter 3
A communication passage 17 that communicates with the space 6 of the lower side bearing portion of the crankshaft 12 communicates with the space 6 of the lower side bearing portion of the crankshaft 12 . The pipes 14 and 15 are separate parts from the crankcase cover 2, and the communication passages 16 and 17 are formed as straight passages when the crankcase cover 2 is cast. There are no troublesome issues.

On the other hand, on the upper crankcase 1, there is shown the image shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 4, two horizontally extending left and right cylinder portions 25a and 25b are integrally provided. These two cylinder portions 25a and 25b open in a V-shape when viewed from above, and are slightly offset in the crankshaft direction. Furthermore, an air cleaner 33 and a carburetor 31 are provided in the space between the open cylinder portions 25a and 25b.

Inside the cylinder portions 25a, 25b are cylinders 25'a, 2.
5'b and pistons 26a, 26b are provided, each piston 25a, 26b being connected to the crank pin 12a by a connecting rod 27a, 27b. The camshaft 2 is located in the area sandwiched between these two cylinder parts 25a and 25b.
8 is provided parallel to the crankshaft 12, and its camshaft 28
are intake and exhaust valves 38a of both cylinder sections 25a and 25b via tappets 373 and 37b, respectively.

38b is driven to open and close. (See FIG. 4) The camshaft 28 is driven to reduce speed by a gear 40 fixed to the crankshaft 12 via two intermediate gears 41 and 42, upper and lower, and a gear 43. The upper and lower intermediate gears 41 and 42 are both fixed on the intermediate shaft 44 so as to rotate together.

Further, a pump shaft 46 is detachably connected to the lower end of the intermediate shaft 44 that rotates in this manner, and the above-mentioned oil pump 4
5 are driven simultaneously. (See FIG. 5) The upper intermediate gear 41 fixed to the intermediate shaft 44 also meshes with another gear 47, and controls the flyweight mechanism of the governor unit W30 (not shown) provided inside this gear 47. It is designed to rotate as one unit (Figure 4). This flyweight mechanism is a known type that operates by centrifugal force.

On the outside of the engine having the internal structure described above, lubricating system maintenance parts such as an oil injection pipe 34, an oil drain pipe (not shown), and the above-mentioned oil filter 36 are arranged centrally on one side, and other parts are arranged centrally on one side. A governor device 30 and a starting motor 32 are arranged on the side. The former oil injection pipe 34, oil drain pipe, and oil filter 36 are provided on the crankcase cover 2 side, and the latter governor device 30 and starting motor 32 are provided on the crankcase 1 side. The governor device 30 controls the throttle valve of the carburetor 31 via the link mechanism 29.

In the above-described engine, the crankcase cover 2 constitutes an oil pan, which is filled with lubricating oil up to an oil level L shown by a chain line in FIG. 1 when the engine is stopped. When the engine is operated, the oil pump 45 operates, so the gold '11413 on the bottom surface of the oil strainer 13
Lubricating oil is sucked up from a (FIG. 5), and the oil level L shown in the above figure decreases. The lubricating oil sucked up from the oil strainer 13 passes through the vibrator 14 to the oil pump 45.
The oil enters the oil filter 36, is pressurized here, and is supplied to the oil filter 36 via the vibrator 15. After removing impurities from the lubricating oil, the oil filter 36 transfers the lubricating oil to the communication path 17.
It is then forced into the space 6 of the lower bearing portion of the crankshaft 12 (FIG. 2).

The lubricating oil pumped into the space 6 below the crankshaft ascends the oil pressure passage 7 that penetrates inside the crankshaft 12, and is supplied to the upper metal bearing 4, where it lubricates there. moreover,
It is vigorously sprayed into the crankcase 1 from the gap between the mating surfaces of the metal bearing 4 and the crankshaft 12 in the form of droplets.

Since the gap between the crankshaft 12 and the metal bearing 4 is extremely small, the droplets of lubricant sprayed at high pressure from this gap become a fine mist and are evenly dispersed inside the crankcase. to efficiently lubricate lubricated parts such as gears.

In addition, some of the lubricating oil that has become a mist is transferred to the cylinder portion 25a.
, 25b through communication passages 19a and 19b provided to penetrate in the cylinder axial direction, the oil is supplied to the cylinder head side (not shown), and lubricates the valve mechanism disposed there. In order to facilitate the introduction of mist lubricating oil to such communication passages 19a, 19b, at the entrances of communication passages 19a, 19b,
Each guide vane 20 is provided at a position on the downstream side with respect to the crankshaft rotation direction R (see FIG. 3). These communication paths 19a, 19bJ? Since the three guide vanes 20 can be integrally formed when the crankcase 1 is cast together with the cylinder parts 25a and 25b, there is no difficulty in machining them.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, in the present invention, a crankcase cover is arranged at the lower part of the crankcase, and a crankshaft is arranged inside thereof in the vertical direction, and the upper part of the crankshaft is attached to the crankcase, and the lower part is attached to the crankcase cover. In a vertical type engine, the upper part of the crankshaft is supported by a metal bearing, and a lubrication oil pressure feeding and filtering section in which an oil strainer, an oil pump, and an oil filter are connected by an oil pressure path is integrated into the crankcase cover. This lubricating oil pressure feeding and filtration part is communicated with the mating surface between the upper part of the crankshaft and the metal bearing through an oil pressure feeding path penetrating the inside of the crankshaft, and the lubricating oil is supplied from the mating surface into the crankcase. The structure is such that it is sprayed in the form of droplets.

Therefore, the lubricating oil pumped from the pressure-feeding filtration part to the upper bearing part of the crankshaft is vigorously sprayed in a mist form from the narrow gap between the metal bearing and the crankcase is thereby filled with the lubricating oil mist. This makes it possible to lubricate the lubricated parts in the crankcase evenly and efficiently. Moreover, such efficient lubrication can be achieved without creating a complicated oil pressure passage within the wall of the crankcase, and without carrying out pressure testing of the lubricating oil.

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[BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS] Figure 1 shows an engine according to an embodiment of the present invention. IB-I in Figure 3
FIG. Figure 2 shows the crankcase cover viewed from the ■-■ arrow in Figure 1.
The figure is a view of the crankcase viewed from the ■-■ arrow direction in FIG. 1. FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view illustrating the internal structure of the engine, and FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line V-V in FIG. 4. 1... Crank case, 2... Crank case cover, 3.5... Boss part, 4... Metal bearing, 6...
・(Annular) space, 7... Oil pressure passage, 8,9゜1
0...Opening, 12...Crankshaft, 14.15...
・Vibe (oil pressure feeding path), 16', 17... Communication path (oil pressure feeding path), 13... Oil strainer, 36
...Oil filter, 45...Oil pump. Figure 2

Claims (1)

[Claims] Vertical type engine in which a crankcase cover is placed at the bottom of the crankcase, and a crankshaft is placed vertically inside the crankcase, with the upper part of the crankshaft bearing the crankcase and the lower part bearing the crankcase cover. wherein the upper part of the crankshaft is supported by a metal bearing, and a lubricating oil pressure feeding and filtering section in which an oil strainer, an oil pump, and an oil filter are connected through an oil feeding path is arranged centrally on the crankcase cover;
This lubricating oil pressure feeding and filtering section is communicated with the mating surface between the upper part of the crankshaft and the metal bearing through an oil pressure feeding path penetrating the inside of the crankshaft, and the lubricating oil is sprayed into the crankcase from the mating surface. A vertical engine lubrication system configured to inject water into the air.