JPH02193095A - Forecasting device for road surface temperature - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make possible a precise road surface temperature at the time of a sudden change of weather by calculating a forecasting value of the road surface temperature on the basis of data including an amount of a heat balance measured by a heat balance amount measurement means for measuring the amount of the heat balance of the road surface. CONSTITUTION:An air temperature measurement device 2, a wind direction measure ment device 3, a wind speed measurement device 4, a precipitation measurement device 5 and a road surface temperature measurement device 6 measure air temperature, a wind direction, a wind speed, an amount of precipitation and road surface tempera ture at the spot where the devices are placed to transmit measured values DA1, DA2, DA3, DA4, DA5 to a central processing unit 9 through an on-line circuit. The measured value DA5 is given to an arithmetic circuit 25, a measured value DA6 from an under ground measurement device 7 is also transmitted to the circuit 25. The devices 6, 7 constitute a heat balance amount measurement device 13. A measured value DA7 from the device 13 is transmitted to the unit 9 through the on-line circuit. The unit 9 is provided with a memory 10 for storing coefficient values obtained to calculate and process past weather data and an input device 11 for inputting high altitude weather data, and calculated road surface temperature is shown in a display 12.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a road surface temperature prediction device used, for example, to predict road surface freezing on an automobile road.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In order to prevent car accidents caused by frozen roads, it is important to predict icy roads and display warnings of freezing.

Conventionally, devices such as those described below have been used to predict road surface freezing.

That is, various measuring devices actually measure air temperature, road surface temperature, precipitation, wind speed, etc., and based on the obtained data, the road surface temperature is predicted after a predetermined period of time has elapsed from the measurement time. At this time, weather data such as past road surface temperature and air temperature at the point where road surface temperature is predicted is statistically analyzed and processed, and the measured values are weighted to obtain a predicted value of road surface temperature.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention With the above-mentioned prior art, it is not possible to predict road surface freezing due to sudden changes in the weather conditions. It was not possible to predict road surface freezing using conventional technology. When the weather suddenly changes like this, it is difficult for drivers to predict whether the road surface will freeze, so there is a need for a road surface temperature prediction device that can display a warning warning about road surface freezing in such situations. ing.

Furthermore, since past weather data such as road surface temperature and air temperature are statistically processed, the data is averaged and it is not possible to predict local road surface temperatures.

Freezing of the road surface may occur locally, and the above-mentioned road surface temperature prediction device cannot predict changes in local weather conditions, making it unsuitable for snow and ice work in road management. It was enough.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a road surface temperature prediction device that can accurately predict road surface temperature even during sudden weather changes and local weather changes.

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention provides: a heat balance measuring means for measuring the heat balance of a road surface; and a method for predicting road surface temperature based on data including the heat balance measured by the heat balance measuring means. This is a road surface temperature prediction device characterized by comprising a calculation means for calculating a value.

According to the present invention, the calculation means calculates, based on the data including the amount of heat balance of the road surface measured by the amount of heat balance measuring means,
Calculate the predicted value of road surface temperature.

The amount of heat balance on the road surface changes its numerical value sensitively even when the weather conditions suddenly change. Therefore, since the road surface temperature is predicted based on data including the heat balance of the road surface, it is possible to predict the road surface temperature with high accuracy even during sudden weather changes. Furthermore, since the amount of heat balance on the road surface is obtained through local measurements, it is possible to accurately predict the road surface temperature even in response to local weather changes.

For example, if the weather suddenly becomes clear after sunset and the road surface temperature drops rapidly due to radiation cooling, heat will be released from the road surface into the atmosphere. This causes the road surface temperature to drop rapidly, but even in such a case, by measuring the amount of heat balance, it is possible to know the degree of change in the road surface temperature and predict the road surface temperature.

Embodiment FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a road surface temperature prediction device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The prediction device 1 includes various measuring devices 2 to 7, a central processing unit 9, an input device 11, and a heat balance amount measuring device 13 that is a heat balance amount measuring means.

The temperature measurement device 2 measures the temperature at the point where the temperature measurement value W, 2 is installed, and centrally processes the measurement value DAI via an online line! Send on 9th.

The wind direction measuring device 3 measures the wind direction at the point where the wind direction measuring device 3 is installed, and sends the measured value DA2 to the central processing unit 9 via an online line.

The m-speed measuring device 4 measures the wind speed at the point where the wind speed measuring device 4 is installed, and sends the measured value DA3 to the central processing unit 9 via an online line.

The precipitation measuring device 5 measures the precipitation at the location where the precipitation measuring device 5 is installed, and sends the measured value DA4 to the central processing unit 9 via an online line.

The road surface temperature measuring device 6 measures the temperature of the road surface on which the road surface temperature measuring device 6 is installed, and sends the measured value DA5 to the central processing unit 9 via an online line.

Furthermore, the measured value DA5 from the road surface temperature measuring device 6 is provided to the arithmetic circuit 25. Furthermore, the measured value DA6 from the underground temperature measuring device 7 is given to the arithmetic circuit 25. A heat balance measurement device 1 in which a road surface temperature measurement device 6, an underground temperature measurement device 7, and a calculator 25 serve as road surface heat balance Jl measurement means.
3.

Moreover, the road surface temperature measuring device 6 and the underground temperature measuring device 7 are integrally configured as a unit 21, which will be described later. Road surface temperature balance! ! ! Measured value DA7 from fixed device 13
is sent to the central processing unit 9 via an online line.

Further, the central processing unit i9 includes a storage device 10 for storing coefficient values Aij obtained by performing arithmetic processing on past meteorological data based on past weather data, and also inputs upper-air meteorological data, which will be described later. Input device 11 for
will be provided. The upper weather data from the input device W111 is inputted to the central processing bag Wt9 as data DA8 to DAn.

The predicted value of the road surface temperature obtained by performing arithmetic processing on the data DAI to D A r * described above is displayed on the display device 12, for example.
will be displayed.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the road surface heat balance I measuring device 13, and FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the section line IV-fV in FIG. A temperature difference measuring unit (hereinafter referred to as a "unit") 21 is buried in the road surface 23 and includes a plurality of measuring tubes (described later) including, for example, a resistor whose electrical resistance value changes depending on the temperature. A signal representing the resistance value measured by the measuring tube is given to the computing unit 25 via the cable 22. The calculator 25 calculates the difference between the measured temperatures of the respective measurement tubes based on the measured resistance values, and the amount of heat balance on the road surface 23 is calculated based on this. The output signal from the arithmetic unit 25 is output to the central processing unit 9 as data DA7.

In constructing such a road surface heat balance measuring device, the road surface 23 is excavated to an extent that the unit 21 and the cable 22 can be buried therein. After installing the unit 21 and the cable 22, the gap is filled with concrete or the like to complete the burial. The cable 22 is laid along the road from the road tank to the computing unit 25, for example, on the side of the road.

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing the structure of the unit 21.
The figure is a side view of the unit 219, the unit 21 is
The mortar block 30, which includes three measuring tubes fixed to the mortar block 30, has a top surface (
Two measuring tubes are embedded at a depth Ll from 30a (upper part of FIG. 6), and these two measuring tubes 6a and 6b constitute the road surface temperature measuring device 6. Further, one measuring tube is embedded at a depth L3 from the upper surface 30a, and this measuring tube constitutes the underground temperature measuring device 7. depth Ll,
L3 is, for example, LL=1 cm and L3=5 cm.

The tip of each measuring tube is exposed from the mortar block 30, and the temperature of an object that comes into contact with this tip is measured. At the other ends of the two measuring tubes 6a and 6b in the upper part of FIG.
A cable 22a is connected to the other end of the measuring tube, and a cable 22b is connected to the other end of the other measuring tube. Cable 22a and cable 22b constitute cable 22. Also, the top surface 30
Two measuring tubes 6a embedded at a depth Ll from a
, 6b is provided as a spare in consideration of damage caused by vibrations caused by a vehicle equipped with tire chains, spiked tires, etc.

When Lid-tO, the difference L2 = L3 - L1 in the buried depth between the road surface temperature measuring device 6 and the underground temperature measuring device 7, the difference ΔT in the temperature measured by the re-measuring device 6.7, and the difference in the buried depth of the road surface temperature measuring device 6 and the underground temperature measuring device 7, There is a relationship between the heat balance amount ΔQ and the following equation.

ΔQ=C/R-L2・ΔT...(1
) Here, C is the heat capacity per unit volume of the underground, and R
is the underground thermal conductivity. The computing unit 25 performs a computation corresponding to this formula, and centrally processes the measured value DA7 representing the amount of heat balance on the road surface. Output to 9.

Such a prediction device 1 is a road surface temperature prediction method that predicts the road surface temperature from this evening until the next morning based on the measured values DAI to DAn of meteorological data collected by around 16:00, for example. For example, a linear multiple regression method is used. From the input device 11, for example, 500mb, 700mb, 850mb obtained from a weather observation balloon by the Japan Meteorological Agency
Data such as altitude, temperature, humidity, wind direction, and wind speed on each side of the mb plane are input. The central processing unit 9 receives the above-mentioned measured values DAI to DA7 and the input data D.
Based on A8 to DAn, the predicted value TJ of the road surface temperature is obtained using the following equation.

Tj=ΣAij−DAi...(2
) i=1 Here, j is a parameter for selecting a different coefficient value based on the time of prediction, the predicted time, other weather conditions, etc., and the desired predicted value Tj
In order to obtain , the central processing unit 9 selects the parameter j from the storage device 10, reads out the coefficient value AiJ, and performs arithmetic processing.

Such prediction of road surface temperature over a relatively long period of time is used, for example, to determine whether snow and ice work crews will be on standby.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the predicted value W, 41 according to another embodiment of the present invention.

The prediction device 41 includes various measuring devices 42 to 47 and a central processing bag! 49, and a heat balance measuring device 53 which is a heat balance measuring means.

The temperature measurement device 42 measures the temperature at the location where it is installed, and sends the measured value DT1 to a central processing bag via an online line. Send to 49.

The wind direction measuring device 43 measures the wind direction at the point where the wind direction measuring device 43 is installed, and sends the measured value DT2 to the central processing unit 49 via an online line.

The wind speed measuring device 44 measures the wind speed at the point where the wind speed measuring device 44 is installed, and sends the measurement 1DT3 to the central processing unit 49 via an online line.

The precipitation measuring device 45 measures the precipitation at the point where the precipitation measuring device 45 is installed, and obtains a measured value DT4.
is sent to the central processing unit 49 via an online line.

The road surface temperature measuring device 1lf46 measures the temperature on the road surface on which the road surface temperature measuring device 46 is installed, and sends the measured value DT5 to the central processing unit 49 via an online line.

Furthermore, the measured value DT5 from the road surface temperature measuring device 46 is provided to the arithmetic circuit 65. Furthermore, underground temperature measuring device 4
The measured value DT6 from 7 is given to an arithmetic circuit 65. The road surface temperature measuring device 46, the underground temperature measuring device 47, and the arithmetic circuit 65 constitute a heat balance measuring device 53, which is a road surface heat balance measuring means. Also, road surface temperature measuring device t4
6 and the underground temperature measuring device 47 are the unit 21 described above.
It is integrally constructed as a unit 61 similar to the above.

Road surface temperature balance measurement bag! The first measurement DT7 from 53 is sent to the central processing unit 49 via an online line.

Furthermore, the central processing unit 49 is provided with a storage device 50 for storing coefficient values Bij obtained by performing arithmetic processing on past weather data based on the data, as described later.

A prediction of the road surface temperature obtained by performing arithmetic processing on the data DTI to DT7 described above. ! Im is displayed on the display device 52.

Such a prediction device 41 predicts the road surface temperature 2 to 3 hours later, for example, every hour in the time period from 19:00 to 08:00.A method for predicting the road surface temperature is, for example, a linear multiple regression method. used. Based on such measured values DT1 to DT7, the central processing unit 49 obtains a predicted value Sj of the road surface temperature using the following equation.

sj=ΣBij−DTi...(3
) i=1 Here, j is a parameter for selecting different coefficient values based on the time to start prediction, predicted time, other weather conditions, etc., and is used to obtain the desired predicted value Sj. Then, the central processing unit 49 selects the parameter j from the storage device 50, reads out its coefficient value BiJ, and performs arithmetic processing.

Such a relatively short-term prediction of road surface temperature is used, for example, to determine the dispatch timing of a snow and ice work team on standby, and to determine work procedures, work sections, work priorities, and the like.

Relatively long-term predictions and short-term predictions as described above can be realized by the same device.

In this example, the road surface temperature is predicted based on the road surface heat balance and various meteorological data. Based on the amount, it is possible to sufficiently follow changes in local weather conditions or even sudden changes in weather conditions. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a predicted value of road surface temperature with very high accuracy. Therefore, if such a prediction device is used for snow and ice work, for example, snow and ice work can be carried out without waste, and effective and economical road management can be realized.

In this embodiment, the amount of heat balance on the road surface is determined by the difference in temperature measured by temperature measuring means buried at different depths under the road surface as a heat balance measuring means. It is also possible to use a heat balance measuring device.

Effects of the Invention As explained above, according to the present invention, it is possible to sufficiently follow sudden changes in road surface temperature caused by local or sudden changes in weather conditions, and to predict road surface temperature with very high accuracy. be able to.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a road surface temperature prediction bag W1 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a road surface temperature prediction device 41 according to another embodiment of the present invention. 3 is a plan view showing the configuration of the heat balance amount measuring device 13, FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken from the section line ■■ in FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 is the configuration of the unit 21 of the heat balance amount measuring device 13. 6 is a side view of the unit 21. FIG. 1.41... Forecasting device, 2.42... Temperature measuring device, 3.43... Wind direction measuring device, 4.44... Wind speed measuring device, 5.45... Precipitation measuring device, 6.46...
・Road surface temperature measuring device, 7.47... Underground temperature measuring device, 9°49... Central processing unit, 10.50... Storage device, 11... Input device, 13.53... Heat balance measuring device, 21.61...unit, 25.65...
・Arithmetic unit section diagram

Claims (1)

[Claims] The heat balance amount measuring means measures the heat balance amount of the road surface, and the calculating means calculates a predicted value of the road surface temperature based on the data including the heat balance amount measured by the heat balance amount measuring means. Features: Road surface temperature prediction device.