JPH02190116A - Culture of basidiomycetes and medium therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain high-quality fruit body in a short period by making a culture through inoculating seed fungi into a Basidiomycetes culture medium prepared by incorporating both nutritive source and water in a calendered board laminated in tiers to prevent the oxygen deficiency in Basidiomycetes. CONSTITUTION:Sheet materials such as of Japanese beech or Quercus serrata are gradually put to compressive calendering through several stages in the fiber direction and direction rectangular thereto to produce a calendered board 0.2-0.3g/cm<3> in bulk density, 2-10mm in thickness, 30-100cm in length and 10-30cm in width. Water is then added to this board to effect its water content of 50-70wt.% followed by incorporating the board with nutritive source comprising bran, glucose and calcium carbonate. Thence, these boards are laminated in 5-20 tiers to obtain a medium for Basidiomycetes culture. This medium is then sterilized through steaming, inoculated with seed fungi and then kept at 18-25 deg.C and 60-95% R.H. to form mycelia assembly on the surface layer part of the medium followed by growing the objective fruit body at 10-25 deg.C and 80-95% R.H.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is a new basidiomycete that uses a rolled plate obtained by compressing and rolling a split material or a thinly drawn plate along the fiber direction and then compression rolling at right angles to the fiber direction. This invention relates to a cultivation method and a cultivation medium.

Conventionally, basidiomycetes have been cultivated by the log cultivation method, in which a seed fungus is inoculated onto logs, and the nursery cultivation method, in which a nutrient source such as rice bran is added to sawdust, and the seed fungus is inoculated into the sawdust.

However, the wood structure of the logs is dense and hard, and there is a lack of nutrients necessary for the growth of basidiomycetes, so even if the inoculum is inoculated into the logs, the growth of the inoculum is poor. It has disadvantages in terms of cultivation management, as it takes over a year to reach this point, and it is becoming increasingly difficult to obtain logs. In addition, the fungal bed is suitable for the growth of basidiomycetes because it contains abundant nutrients necessary for the growth of basidiomycetes, but it is also suitable for the growth of harmful bacteria such as Trichoderma, so it is necessary to prevent contamination. Therefore, it is cultured by wrapping (covering) it with synthetic resin film or filling it in synthetic resin bottles, but the molded fungal bed in this way has a high density, and the voids are filled with space for the growth of basidiomycetes. The necessary oxygen cannot be retained sufficiently, and the film or bottle mentioned above does not necessarily have a structure with good ventilation in order to prevent the invasion of harmful bacteria, resulting in a lack of oxygen even though there are abundant nutritional sources, and basidiomycetes. It is hard to say that it is completely satisfactory for growth.

In view of these circumstances, the title of the present invention is based on the results of various studies aimed at resolving the shortcomings of logs and fungal beds themselves, as well as the shortcomings in cultivation management caused by them. The rolled plates obtained by compression-rolling along the fiber direction and then compression-rolling at right angles to the fiber direction are stacked in multiple stages, and a predetermined amount of nutrients and water are added to this to prepare a culture medium, and this is synthesized. After wrapping it in a resin film or filling it in a synthetic resin bottle and sterilizing it, inoculating it with basidiomycete inoculum and cultivating it in a suitable environment, the rolled board showed that the wood structure was moderately destroyed and the gaps were removed. Since the rolled plate is impregnated with a predetermined amount of nutrients,
We found that basidiomycetes grow vigorously without oxygen deficiency and that high-quality fruiting bodies can be obtained in a very short period of time, and based on this knowledge, we completed the present invention.

That is, in the present invention, the rolled plates obtained by compression rolling the plate materials along the fiber direction and further compression rolling perpendicular to the fiber direction are stacked in multiple stages, and a nutrient source and water are added to the prepared plate. The present invention is a method for cultivating basidiomycetes, which is characterized in that the basidiomycete cultivation medium is inoculated with seed bacteria (12) and cultivated.

The present invention will be explained in detail below.

First, the board materials used in the present invention include beech, -2 oak,
Trees such as Quercus Quercus, Date Campa, Sawtooth Oak, Shibu, Cherry, Ekotsuki, Poplar, Alder, Kan, Ni, Tab, and Teak are cut into flakes using a saw, slicer, splitter, etc. Remaining materials such as small pieces of lumber, thinned boards, backboards, wood ends (huppa), etc. that are by-produced during t-th sawing to manufacture building materials, furniture, etc.; Among these board materials, those with non-flat shapes should be used with slicers, splitters, etc.
It is preferable to use it heavily and to use it in the form of a plate or small pieces.

Next, when compression-rolling these plate materials and forming 9 pieces into a rolled plate, compressing at - will cause fiber breakage, so
- It is preferable to compress gradually in several stages using a Rabless or the like.

And the gap between the compression rollers at the final stage is less than] 0 silk,
It is preferable to set it to 2 am or more.

The above-mentioned compression can be carried out approximately along the fiber direction of the board material, or at almost right angles to the direction, but using either one in combination increases the water absorption and retention ability. Therefore, it is important.

In this way, the bulk density is 0.2 to 0.3 Jil/C compared to the original board material (which has an average bulk density of 0.5 g/C-).
clr is very low, the width is 1.5 to 2.5 times the length, and the thickness is 2"10 am. The structure of the plate material is moderately destroyed and there are many gaps, and air is It is possible to obtain a rolled plate that retains a large amount of

These rolled plates have a thickness of 2-10 jlm and a length of 30~
100 wlJ and a width of lO~30c111 are suitable for carrying out the present invention.

Next, water is added to the rolled plate in this manner to reduce the moisture content to 50~50%.
70% content and 2nd, add a powdered nutrient source of basidiomycete to this, or add the water content to the rolled plate to 50% =
Contain liquid nutrients to 70%.

112 Nutrient sources include rice bran, maize bran (,
Nitrogen sources such as corn stave liquor, wrinkles, amino acids, soybean meal, soy sauce lees; carbon sources such as glucose and malzekis; minerals such as potassium phosphate, lime carbonate, and magnesium sulfate; vitamins, etc. Examples include combinations of one or two selected from the following.

Next, the rolled plates containing the above nutrients are rolled in multiple stages, especially 5 to 20 rolls.
The mixture is stacked in layers to obtain the basidiomycete cultivation medium of the present invention. In this case, the rolled plate serving as the inner layer may be shorter than the rolled plate serving as the outer layer.

Next, in order to cultivate basidiomycetes using the basidiomycete cultivation medium obtained above, the medium is formed into a synthetic resin film (sheet).
After wrapping it in a film and sterilizing it by steaming using an autoclave or the like in a conventional manner, cooling it, then opening the film under aseptic conditions and inoculating the inoculum between the stacked rolled plates, wrapping it again in a film, and then Cultivation is carried out according to the cultivation method for basidiomycetes.

The basidiomycetes that are subject to the basidiomycete cultivation method of the present invention include:
Enokitake, Oyster mushroom, Nameko mushroom, Shiitake mushroom, Tamogitake mushroom, Kuritake mushroom, Kawaratake mushroom, Hiitake mushroom, Stone mushroom,
Any basidiomycete may be mentioned, such as Horax.

In addition, the cultivation of basidiomycetes is carried out at specific temperatures, e.g. 18-25°C and humidity, e.g.
This is done by holding the culture medium for a sufficient period of time to allow the formation of "hyphal aggregates" on the surface layer of the culture medium, and the development of fruiting bodies following cultivation also depends on the type of individual Basidiomycetes. specific temperature depending on the temperature, e.g. 10-2
This is carried out by holding the fruiting body at 0° C. and a humidity of 80 to 95%, for example, until it has fully grown.

In regions and locations with high environmental humidity and in all seasons, basidiomycete hyphae are prevalent in the culture medium, and for mediums that have some resistance to contamination with harmful bacteria, the film in contact with the outside air surface may be partially removed as necessary. This allows cultivation management to be carried out according to the environment.

In addition, when forming fruiting bodies, the film is removed in advance to prevent the shape of the fruiting bodies from deforming, and fruiting bodies of good quality are formed by natural generation or by normal generation operations such as submergence. , can be harvested.

In this way, according to the present invention, high quality fruiting bodies can be obtained in a very short period of time and in good yield.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples.

Example 1 A pair of toothed rollers with a wave-like uneven surface (diameter 10, width 1200c!R, toothed depth leg, toothed pitch)
The first
Stage gap 3 am, 2nd stage gap 2cm5 3rd stage gap Lcw
ss 4th stage (final stage) For the rolling machine arranged with a gap of 0.5C, the length is loocm, the width is lO~15cm, and the thickness is 4~
8 eta beech wood backboard (plate material) is supplied so that the length direction (fiber direction) is perpendicular to the roller, and by winding it from the first stage to four legs depending on luck and passing it through, the above can be achieved. A rolled beech wood backboard was obtained by expanding the beech wood backboard in the direction of a large number of fibers and defibrating the fibers with each fiber being arranged substantially in parallel. This treated material is 100cm long and 20~25cm wide.
cm, thickness changed from 0.7 to LOc*.

Next, the rolled beech wood backboard obtained here is further rolled and passed through the third to fourth stage rollers with the fiber directions parallel to each other, so that the fibers are hardly broken and the structure is flexible. A rolled plate with excellent water absorption and retention ability was obtained.

Next, the five rolled plates obtained above were arranged in the same length direction, and Corn Plan at a weight ratio of 5% was uniformly sprinkled on the surface, and then water was sprinkled so that the wood moisture content was 60%. It was left for a while to absorb water.

Next, 5 sheets of this were stacked together, wrapped in a synthetic resin heat-resistant sheet with a length of 120 C++ and a width of 50 cw*, sterilized by steam using an autoclave in a conventional manner, and left to cool to form a basidiomycete cultivation medium. I got it.

Example 2 The basidiomycete cultivation medium obtained in Practical Example 1 above was placed in a sterile room, the package was opened, and 5% by weight of the Oyster mushroom sawdust seed fungus was inoculated between the 5 layers of rolled plates. After packaging again, the oyster mushrooms were cultivated for 60 days using the conventional method, and approximately 4 and 90 fruiting bodies were obtained.

Example 3 In the method for manufacturing a rolled plate of Example 1 above, the plate material “
Instead of using “beechwood backboard”, “length 50cm, width 10”
A rolled plate (about 50 eta in length, about 20 cm in width, about f
en) was obtained.

Next, in exactly the same manner as in Example 1, a nutrient source and water were added to the rolled plate, and the plate was stacked in multiple stages to prepare a basidiomycete cultivation medium (5 kg/piece, 4 sets).

Next, this culture medium is placed in a sterile room, its packaging is opened, and shiitake sawdust seed fungi are inoculated between the five layers of rolled plates, and the packaging device is placed again in the cultivation chamber. Cultivation was started under climatic conditions.

For comparison, 5 Quercus Quercus logs (diameter approx. LOeym, length 1.00 cm, weight approx. 4 x 9 layers) were inoculated with shiitake mushroom inoculum using a conventional method. The plants were placed in a greenhouse and cultivation began under natural weather conditions.

Also, for comparison, we added 5% by weight of Corn Plan to Quercus wood flour.
A medium prepared by adding water to a moisture content of 60% is filled (packaged) into a synthetic resin film bag, and the medium is made into a bag with a diameter of about 1.
Cylindrical fungal bed of 5cm and height of about 201cm (9 layers in 2, 1
After sterilizing and cooling it using a conventional method, it was inoculated with shiitake sawdust seed fungi, placed in the cultivation cage described above, and cultivation started under natural weather conditions.

As a result of starting cultivation at the same time in both cases, the mycelia of shiitake mushrooms spread in the medium, and the number of days it takes for fruiting bodies to reach the developmental stage was 80 days, compared to 80 days in the present invention. The log cultivation method took 360 days, and the fungal bed cultivation method took 100 days.

From the above results, it can be seen that in the cultivation method of the present invention, basidiomycetes grow vigorously without oxygen deficiency, and fruiting bodies can be obtained in a very short period of time compared to other methods.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) Rolled plates obtained by compression rolling along the fiber direction and further compression rolling perpendicular to the fiber direction are stacked in multiple tiers, and a nutrient source and water are added to the prepared basidiomycete culture medium. A basidiomycete cultivation method characterized by inoculating and cultivating. (2) Basidiomycete cultivation prepared by stacking rolled plates obtained by compression-rolling plates along the fiber direction and then compression-rolling them at right angles to the fiber direction, and adding nutrients and water to the rolled plates. Medium for use.