JPH02186839A - Adaptive type automatic equalizer - Google Patents
Adaptive type automatic equalizerInfo
- Publication number
- JPH02186839A JPH02186839A JP1006809A JP680989A JPH02186839A JP H02186839 A JPH02186839 A JP H02186839A JP 1006809 A JP1006809 A JP 1006809A JP 680989 A JP680989 A JP 680989A JP H02186839 A JPH02186839 A JP H02186839A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- coefficient
- signal
- control device
- distortion
- transmission path
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001208 nuclear magnetic resonance pulse sequence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
［産業上の利用分野］
本発明は、適応形自動等化器、特にデジタル無線通信等
の際の省電力に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an adaptive automatic equalizer, and particularly to power saving in digital wireless communications and the like.
［従来の技術］
第２図は、従来の適応形自動等化器の代表的な例を示す
ブロック図であり、図において、トランスバーサルフィ
ルタ（１）は、タップ間隔が一定遅延時間Ｔ秒でタップ
数が、２Ｎ＋１個であるタップ付遅延回路（２）と、こ
の各タップ出力の出力信号に重みをつける２Ｎ＋１個の
係数器（３）と、これら係数器（３）の出力を加算する
加算器（４）から成り立っている。加算器（４）の出力
信号と、参照信号（７）の差をとって誤差信号（８）を
発生させる減算器（６）の誤差信号（８）は制御ｌｌ装
置（９）に与えられ、トランスバーサルフィルタ（１）
内の係数器（３）の重みを制御する信号を発生させる。[Prior Art] FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a typical example of a conventional adaptive automatic equalizer. In the figure, a transversal filter (1) has a tap interval with a constant delay time of T seconds. A tapped delay circuit (2) with 2N+1 taps, a 2N+1 coefficient unit (3) that weights the output signal of each tap output, and an addition unit that adds the outputs of these coefficient units (3). It consists of vessels (4). An error signal (8) of a subtracter (6) that generates an error signal (8) by taking the difference between the output signal of the adder (4) and a reference signal (7) is given to a control device (9); Transversal filter (1)
A signal is generated to control the weight of the coefficient multiplier (3) within.
次に動作について説明する。今、遅延回路（２）の入力
点（１０）に加えられた入力信号を、Ｔ秒ごとにサンプ
ルした形で得られる基準タップ（１１）の出力１直をＸ
ｉ （ｉ−−Ｎ、−Ｎ＋１．−１゜０．１．・・・、
Ｎ）と表すことにする。同様にこの時の加算器（４）の
出力信号のサンプル、すなわちトランスバーサルフィル
タ（１）の出力信号をｙｌ、係数器（３）の係数Ｃｉ
（ｉ −−Ｎ、 −Ｎ＋１．−、−１．０．１、・・・
、Ｎ）、参照信号（７）をａ Ｉ 、減算器（６）の出
力信号のサンプル値、すなわち等化誤差信号をｅｌ と
表すと、トランスバーサルフィルタ（１）の出力信号は
、ｙ、−Σ ＣｋＸｉ−ｋ （Ａ−１）
−−Ｎ
で与えられる。このとき、トランスバーサルフィルタ（
１）の出力の誤差信号（８）の２乗の平均値を最小化す
るために、係数器（３）の係数の推定が、次式に示すカ
ルマンフィルタアルゴリズムに基づいて、Ｔ秒毎に制御
装置（９）において行われる。Next, the operation will be explained. Now, the output of the reference tap (11) obtained by sampling the input signal applied to the input point (10) of the delay circuit (2) every T seconds is expressed as
i (i--N, -N+1.-1゜0.1....,
N). Similarly, the sample of the output signal of the adder (4) at this time, that is, the output signal of the transversal filter (1), is yl, and the coefficient Ci of the coefficient unit (3) is
(i −−N, −N+1.−, −1.0.1, ...
, N), the reference signal (7) is represented by a I , and the sample value of the output signal of the subtracter (6), that is, the equalization error signal is represented by el , then the output signal of the transversal filter (1) is y, − It is given by Σ CkXi-k (A-1) --N. At this time, the transversal filter (
In order to minimize the average value of the square of the error signal (8) of the output of (1), the coefficient of the coefficient unit (3) is estimated every T seconds by the control device based on the Kalman filter algorithm shown in the following equation. This is done in (9).
■ タップ式係数更新式
Ｃ（ｎ） ＝Ｃ（ｎ−１） ＋ｋ （ｎ）ｘ （ａ＋
（ｎ）−ｙ＋ （ｎ））■ カルマンゲイン
ｋ （ｎ） −Ｐ （ｎ−１） ｘ （ｎ） ｘ（ｘ
（ｎ） ＴＰ （ｎ−１） ｘ （ｎ） ＋Ｒ１■ 推
定誤差共分散行列
Ｐ （ｎ） −Ｐ （ｎ
Ｘ ＩＰ （ｎ
ｋ （ｎ）
１）ｘ （ｎ） ） ”
■ 初期条件
（ｋ−−Ｎ、 −Ｎ＋１． ・・・１、 ０． １
． ２． ・・・、Ｎ）Ｐ （０）−０，７５ＩＩ
Ｒ−０，００１
上式で、ＣはＣｉのベクトル表示、Ｃ（ｎ）のｎは、Ｔ
秒ごとの調整返し回数を表し、Ｘは、Ｘｉのベクトル表
示を示し、Ｐは推定誤差共分散行列、Ｒは雑音の共分散
、■は単位行列を表わしている。 この例では、カルマ
ンフィルタアルゴリズムを示したか、一般に、係数器（
３）の係数の推定を行うアルゴリズムはグラジェント（
Ｇ ｒ ａｄｉｅｎｔ）法等種々のものか知られている
。■ Tap coefficient update formula C(n) = C(n-1) +k (n)x (a+
(n)-y+ (n))■ Kalman gain k (n) -P (n-1) x (n) x(x
(n) TP (n-1) x (n) +R1 ■ Estimation error covariance matrix P (n) -P (n -N, -N+1. ...1, 0.1
．． 2. ..., N)P (0)-0,75II R-0,001 In the above formula, C is the vector representation of Ci, and n of C(n) is T
It represents the number of adjustment returns per second, X represents the vector representation of Xi, P represents the estimated error covariance matrix, R represents the noise covariance, and ■ represents the identity matrix. This example shows the Kalman filter algorithm or, in general, the coefficient machine (
The algorithm for estimating the coefficients in 3) is the gradient (
Various methods are known, such as the Gradient method.
一般に歪のある伝送路を通じてパルス伝送を行う場合、
送信器より、一定時間Ｔ秒毎に送出されるパルス系列を
受信装置において、正しく識別するために、伝送路の歪
による符号量干渉を除去する等化器を受信側に挿入する
ことか必要であり、伝送路の歪が未知である場合や、時
間的に変動する場合に有効な等化器として、′前述のア
ルゴリズムを用いたトランスバーサル形適応形自動等化
器等が公知である。Generally, when performing pulse transmission through a distorted transmission path,
In order for the receiving device to correctly identify the pulse sequence sent from the transmitter every T seconds for a fixed period of time, it is necessary to insert an equalizer on the receiving side to remove code amount interference due to distortion in the transmission path. A transversal adaptive automatic equalizer using the above-mentioned algorithm is known as an effective equalizer when the distortion in the transmission path is unknown or varies over time.
［発明が解決しようとする課題］
従来の適応形自動等化器は、以上のように構成されてい
たので、伝送路の歪が時間的に変動しない場合でも、各
入力データ毎に係数器（３）の係数の更新が行われ、そ
の結果、適応形自動等化器に常に電力を供給し続けなけ
ればならないという問題があった。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Conventional adaptive automatic equalizers are configured as described above, so even if the distortion in the transmission path does not vary over time, the coefficient 3), the coefficients are updated, and as a result, there is a problem in that power must be constantly supplied to the adaptive automatic equalizer.
この発明は、かかる問題点を解決することを課題として
なされたもので、伝送路の歪が時間的に変動していない
場合は、適応形自動等化器に供給する電力を制限し、消
費電力を少な（することができる適応形自動等化器を得
ることを目０４１とする。This invention was made to solve this problem, and when the distortion of the transmission path does not change over time, the power supplied to the adaptive automatic equalizer is limited, and the power consumption is reduced. The objective is to obtain an adaptive automatic equalizer that can reduce the
［課題を解決するための手段］
この発明に係る適応形自動等化器は、伝送路の歪が時間
的変動の有無を検出し、伝送路の歪の時間的変動がない
ときは、その時の、係数器の係数を記憶する記憶素子と
、この時に適応形自動等化器の制御装置に供給する電力
を遮断し、複数個のデータが入力された後に、再び、制
御装置に電力を供給する電源回路と、記憶素子に記憶さ
せた係数器の係数を取り込み、伝送路の歪の時間的変動
の有無を検出する比較回路とを有し、適応形自動等化器
の消費電力を少なくするようにしたものである。[Means for Solving the Problems] The adaptive automatic equalizer according to the present invention detects the presence or absence of temporal fluctuations in transmission line distortion, and when there is no temporal variation in transmission line distortion, the current At this time, the power supplied to the memory element that stores the coefficients of the coefficient unit and the control device of the adaptive automatic equalizer is cut off, and after a plurality of pieces of data have been input, power is supplied to the control device again. The adaptive automatic equalizer has a power supply circuit and a comparison circuit that takes in the coefficients of the coefficient multiplier stored in the memory element and detects the presence or absence of temporal fluctuations in distortion in the transmission path, thereby reducing the power consumption of the adaptive automatic equalizer. This is what I did.
［作用］
この発明によれば、伝送路の歪の時間的変動か無い場合
に、制御装置の給電が遮断され、必要時に給電するよう
にしたので、省電力が達成される。[Function] According to the present invention, the power supply to the control device is cut off when there is no temporal variation in distortion in the transmission path, and power is supplied when necessary, thereby achieving power saving.
［実施例］
以下、この発明の一実施例を図によって説明する。第１
図において、誤差信号（８）のレベルを予め、定められ
た、レベル信号と比較し、誤差信号（８）のレベルが基
準レベル以下であるかどうか、判定する比較回路（１２
）と、この比較回路（１２）の判定結果信号（１３）に
従い、制御装置（１５）に供給する電力を制御する電源
回路（１４）と、判定結果信号（１３）に従い、記憶素
子（１６）に係数器（３）の係数を記憶させる機能を有
し、誤差信号（８）によって、トランスバーサルフィル
タ（１）内の係数器（３）の係数を制御する制御装置（
１５）と、この制御装置（１５）に接続された記憶素子
（１６）とが示されている。[Example] Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1st
In the figure, a comparison circuit (12) compares the level of the error signal (8) with a predetermined level signal and determines whether the level of the error signal (8) is below the reference level.
), a power supply circuit (14) that controls the power supplied to the control device (15) according to the determination result signal (13) of the comparison circuit (12), and a memory element (16) according to the determination result signal (13). A control device (having a function of storing the coefficients of the coefficient unit (3) in the transversal filter (1) and controlling the coefficients of the coefficient unit (3) in the transversal filter (1) according to the error signal (8)
15) and a storage element (16) connected to this control device (15).
次に動作について説明する。誤差信号（８）は、比較回
路（１２）によって、トランスバーサルフィルタ（１）
の係数器（３）の係数が、伝送路の歪の補正が、正しく
行われているかどうかを、判断するために、予め定めら
れたレベルと比較される。誤差信号のレベルがその定め
られたレベルより、低い場合は、比較回路（８）より判
定結果信号としてＨレベルの信号が送られる。電源回路
（１４）では人力データとして（Ｔ秒ごと）に、この信
号を取り込み、Ｈレベルの信号が、ある回数以上続いた
場合、伝送路の歪の補正が、正しく行われているとし、
制御装置（１５）に供給する電力を遮断する。そして、
ある一定間隔後、再び、電力を供給する。制御装置（１
５）では、Ｔ秒ごとに、係数器（３）の係数を調整し、
その係数値を記憶素子（１６）に記憶させ、電力の供給
が、再開された後、係数器（３）の係数を記憶素子より
取り込み、その係数を初期値として、係数器（３）の係
数を最適化するアルゴリズムによって、係数器（３）の
係数の調整を行う。Next, the operation will be explained. The error signal (8) is passed through the transversal filter (1) by the comparator circuit (12).
The coefficients of the coefficient unit (3) are compared with a predetermined level in order to determine whether correction of distortion in the transmission path is performed correctly. If the level of the error signal is lower than the predetermined level, the comparator circuit (8) sends an H level signal as a determination result signal. The power supply circuit (14) takes in this signal as manual data (every T seconds), and if the H level signal continues for a certain number of times or more, it is assumed that the distortion in the transmission path has been corrected correctly.
Cut off the power supplied to the control device (15). and,
After a certain period of time, power is supplied again. Control device (1
In 5), adjust the coefficient of the coefficient unit (3) every T seconds,
The coefficient value is stored in the memory element (16), and after the power supply is resumed, the coefficient of the coefficient unit (3) is fetched from the memory element, and the coefficient of the coefficient unit (3) is set as the initial value. The coefficients of the coefficient unit (3) are adjusted by an algorithm that optimizes the coefficient.
なお、上記実施例では、伝送路の歪の変動の有無を、誤
差信号（８）を基準値と比較することによって検出した
が、これを制御装置（１５）内で、係数器（３）の係数
を更新するごとに、前回の係数値の差をとり、各係数器
（３）のそれぞれの差を加算し、その結果を、比較回路
（１２）で、基準レベルと比較し、電源回路（１４）に
判定結果信号（１３）を送ってもよい。又、比較回路（
１２）の人力値を、各タップ係数の変化量の和としても
良いし、個々の値としても良い。In the above embodiment, the presence or absence of distortion variation in the transmission path was detected by comparing the error signal (8) with the reference value, but this was detected in the control device (15) by Each time the coefficients are updated, the difference between the previous coefficient values is calculated, the differences of each coefficient unit (3) are added, and the result is compared with the reference level in the comparator circuit (12), and then the power supply circuit ( The determination result signal (13) may be sent to 14). Also, the comparison circuit (
12) The human power value may be the sum of the amount of change of each tap coefficient, or may be an individual value.
また、上記実施例では、トランスバーサル形のフィルタ
について説明したが、判定帰還形の構成を有する適応形
自動等化器においてもよく、上記実施例と同様の効果を
奏する。Further, in the above embodiment, a transversal type filter has been described, but an adaptive automatic equalizer having a decision feedback type configuration may be used, and the same effects as in the above embodiment can be obtained.
［発明の効果］
この発明は以上説明した通り、伝送路の歪の時間的変動
の有無を、誤差信号を用いて判定し、制御装置への供給
電力を遮断制御するようにした構造により、装置を安価
にし、かつ消費電力が低減される効果が得られる。[Effects of the Invention] As described above, the present invention uses an error signal to determine the presence or absence of temporal fluctuations in distortion in a transmission path, and controls the power supply to the control device to be cut off. This has the effect of making it cheaper and reducing power consumption.
第１図はこの発明の一実施例を示すブロック図、第２図
は従来例を示すブロック図である。
図において、（１）はトランスバーサルフィルタ、（２
）はタップ付遅延回路、（３）は係数器、（４）は加算
器、（５）は符号識別器、（６）は減算器、（７）は参
照信号、（８）は誤差信号、（１０）は人力点、（１１
）は基準タップ、（１２）は比較回路、（１３）は判定
結果信号、（１４）は電源回路、（１５）は制御装置、
（１６）は記憶素子である。
なお、図中、同一符号は同一、又は相当部分を示す。
代理人 弁理士 大 岩 増 雄
（外 ２名）
第
コ
図
５、補正の対象
ハ
年
月
日
明細書の発明の詳細な説明の欄。
６、補正の内容
１、事件の表示
特願平
号
２゜
発明の名称
適応形自動等化器
、３．補正をする者
事件との関係 特許出願人
住 所 東京都千代田区丸の自重丁目２番３号名
称 （６０１）三菱電機株式会社代表者 志 岐
守 哉
４、代理人
住所
東京都千代田区丸の内二丁目２番３号
三菱電機株式会社内FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a conventional example. In the figure, (1) is a transversal filter, (2
) is a tapped delay circuit, (3) is a coefficient unit, (4) is an adder, (5) is a code discriminator, (6) is a subtracter, (7) is a reference signal, (8) is an error signal, (10) is the manpower point, (11
) is a reference tap, (12) is a comparison circuit, (13) is a judgment result signal, (14) is a power supply circuit, (15) is a control device,
(16) is a memory element. In addition, in the figures, the same reference numerals indicate the same or equivalent parts. Agent: Patent attorney: Masuo Oiwa (2 others) Figure 5: Date of amendment: Detailed description of the invention in the specification. 6. Contents of amendment 1. Indication of the case Patent Application No. 2゜ Title of invention adaptive automatic equalizer; 3. Relationship with the case of the person making the amendment Patent applicant address 2-3 Marunojiju-chome, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Name (601) Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Representative Shiki
Moriya 4, agent address: Mitsubishi Electric Corporation, 2-2-3 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo
Claims (1)
の重みを制御する信号を発生する制御装置と、前記タッ
プの各タップ係数を制御する制御信号を発生させる誤差
信号の値を予め定められた値と比較する比較回路と、こ
の比較回路の出力信号によって時間的変動が無いときに
制御装置への給電を遮断して必要時に給電を再び行う電
源回路と、前記制御装置に接続され制御装置の給電遮断
時の各タップ係数を記憶して給電再開に備える記憶素子
と、を有する適応形自動等化器。a control device that generates a signal that controls the weight of a coefficient unit that weights the output signal of the tap output of the filter; and a control device that generates a signal that controls the weight of a coefficient unit that weights the output signal of the tap output of the filter, and a predetermined value of the error signal that generates the control signal that controls each tap coefficient of the tap. a power supply circuit that cuts off the power supply to the control device when there is no temporal variation according to the output signal of the comparison circuit and resumes power supply when necessary; and a power supply circuit that is connected to the control device and supplies power to the control device. An adaptive automatic equalizer comprising a memory element that stores each tap coefficient at the time of power cut-off in preparation for restarting power supply.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1006809A JPH02186839A (en) | 1989-01-13 | 1989-01-13 | Adaptive type automatic equalizer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1006809A JPH02186839A (en) | 1989-01-13 | 1989-01-13 | Adaptive type automatic equalizer |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02186839A true JPH02186839A (en) | 1990-07-23 |
Family
ID=11648524
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1006809A Pending JPH02186839A (en) | 1989-01-13 | 1989-01-13 | Adaptive type automatic equalizer |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH02186839A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2012117655A1 (en) * | 2011-03-02 | 2012-09-07 | パナソニック株式会社 | Waveform equalization device |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS58177080A (en) * | 1982-04-09 | 1983-10-17 | Toshiba Corp | Automatic equalizer |
| JPS61196613A (en) * | 1985-02-26 | 1986-08-30 | Oki Electric Ind Co Ltd | Automatic equalizer control system |
-
1989
- 1989-01-13 JP JP1006809A patent/JPH02186839A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS58177080A (en) * | 1982-04-09 | 1983-10-17 | Toshiba Corp | Automatic equalizer |
| JPS61196613A (en) * | 1985-02-26 | 1986-08-30 | Oki Electric Ind Co Ltd | Automatic equalizer control system |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2012117655A1 (en) * | 2011-03-02 | 2012-09-07 | パナソニック株式会社 | Waveform equalization device |
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