JPH02184590A - Gas producing agent for air bag - Google Patents
Gas producing agent for air bagInfo
- Publication number
- JPH02184590A JPH02184590A JP1002248A JP224889A JPH02184590A JP H02184590 A JPH02184590 A JP H02184590A JP 1002248 A JP1002248 A JP 1002248A JP 224889 A JP224889 A JP 224889A JP H02184590 A JPH02184590 A JP H02184590A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- gas producing
- producing agent
- air bag
- gas generating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- PXIPVTKHYLBLMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium azide Chemical compound [Na+].[N-]=[N+]=[N-] PXIPVTKHYLBLMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- ULRPISSMEBPJLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2h-tetrazol-5-amine Chemical compound NC1=NN=NN1 ULRPISSMEBPJLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 22
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 40
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 4
- 101100348017 Drosophila melanogaster Nazo gene Proteins 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019359 magnesium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06D—MEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART)
- C06D5/00—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets
- C06D5/06—Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets by reaction of two or more solids
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は、交通分野において各種衝撃から人体を保護す
るためのエヤーバッグに用いる緊急用ガス発生剤に関す
る。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an emergency gas generating agent used in air bags for protecting the human body from various impacts in the transportation field.
現在エヤーバッグのガス発生装置に用いられているガス
発生剤は殆どがアジ化ナトリウムＮａＮ、を用いている
。周知の如くアジ化ナトリウムの分解によるガス発生反
応は下式に従い吸熱反応である。Most of the gas generating agents currently used in gas generating devices for airbags are sodium azide, NaN. As is well known, the gas generation reaction by decomposition of sodium azide is an endothermic reaction according to the following equation.
２ＮａＮ３＝ ３Ｎ、＋ ２Ｎａ
この反応を持続させるために、各種の酸化剤が使用され
ているが、生成するナトリウムは空気中の酸素で酸化さ
れて酸化ナトリウムＮａｚＯとなり、そのミストは空気
中の水分に接触すると水酸化ナトリウムＮ ａ ＯＩｔ
ミストとなり、いずれも毒性が強く、強い刺激臭を発生
する。これらの有毒ミストは各種濾過装置て物理的に濾
過されるが、完全濾過は不可能であった。2NaN3 = 3N, + 2Na Various oxidizing agents are used to sustain this reaction, but the sodium produced is oxidized by oxygen in the air to become sodium oxide NazO, and the mist is absorbed by moisture in the air. Sodium hydroxide N a OIt on contact
They form a mist and are both highly toxic and emit a strong pungent odor. These toxic mist can be physically filtered using various filtration devices, but complete filtration has not been possible.
本発明の目的とする所はアジ化ナトリウムガス発生剤が
生成するＮａ、Ｏ又はＮａ０１１の有毒ミストを無毒化
すること及び緊急用安全装置に要望されるガス発生剤の
小型軽量化である。The object of the present invention is to detoxify the toxic mist of Na, O, or Na011 produced by a sodium azide gas generating agent, and to reduce the size and weight of the gas generating agent required for emergency safety equipment.
エヤーバッグのガス発生装置は無毒のガスのみを発生さ
せる必要があるので、本発明者等は窒素を分子中に多く
含み、且つナトリウムを中和する成分を含む安定な化合
物を探索した結果、５−アミノテトラゾールが最も適し
ていることを見出した。この化合物の分子式はＣＮ、Ｈ
３で構造式は次に示す如くである。Since the gas generator for air bags needs to generate only non-toxic gas, the inventors searched for a stable compound that contains a large amount of nitrogen in its molecules and also contains a component that neutralizes sodium. We have found that aminotetrazole is the most suitable. The molecular formula of this compound is CN, H
The structural formula of 3 is as shown below.
■ 分子量は８５．０６８２である。■ The molecular weight is 85.0682.
化学合成した５−アミノテトラゾールの各種性質を測定
すると、融点２０６°Ｃ１燃焼熱２．８ｃａｌ／ｇ、生
成熱４４．６ｋｃａｌ／ｍｏｌであり、２０６〜３００
℃では吸熱分解し、３００〜５００℃では発熱分解を行
った。本発明者等は又有毒物質を発生しない固体酸化剤
として、硝酸ナトリウムＮａ、ＮＯ，が最も適している
ことを見出した。When various properties of the chemically synthesized 5-aminotetrazole were measured, the melting point was 206°C, the heat of combustion was 2.8 cal/g, the heat of formation was 44.6 kcal/mol, and the
Endothermic decomposition was performed at 300 to 500°C, and exothermic decomposition was performed at 300 to 500°C. The present inventors have also found that sodium nitrate, Na, NO, is most suitable as a solid oxidizing agent that does not generate toxic substances.
本発明はこれらの知見に基づくもので、硝酸ナトリウム
４５〜５５部（部は重量部、以下同じ）、５−アミノテ
トラゾール３０〜４０部、アジ化ナトリウム１０〜２０
部からなることを特徴とするエヤーバッグ用ガス発生剤
を提供するものである。The present invention is based on these findings, and includes 45 to 55 parts of sodium nitrate (parts by weight, the same applies hereinafter), 30 to 40 parts of 5-aminotetrazole, and 10 to 20 parts of sodium azide.
The present invention provides a gas generating agent for airbags characterized by comprising:
本発明になる上記ＮａＮ３． ＣＮ５Ｈ３，ＮａＮＯ３
系ガス発生剤の有毒なＮａｚＯを発生しない化学反応式
を次に示す。The above NaN3. CN5H3, NaNO3
The chemical reaction formula of the gas generating agent that does not generate toxic NazO is shown below.
３ＮａＮＯｓ ＋ ２ＣＮＪ３ ＋ ＮａＮ：ｔ ＝
８Ｎｇ ＋ ３１１ｚＯ＋ ２ＮａｚＣＯｓ（５２，０
χ） （３４，７χ”） （１３，３χ）この反応で生
成するガスは窒素と水蒸気のみであり、固形成分として
は炭酸ナトリウムのみであり、ＮａｚＯやＮａ０）１に
比較して毒性は極めて低く、又濾過装置で濾過され易い
形状で生成する。3NaNOs + 2CNJ3 + NaN:t =
8Ng + 311zO+ 2NazCOs (52,0
χ) (34,7χ”) (13,3χ) The gases produced in this reaction are only nitrogen and water vapor, and the solid component is only sodium carbonate, which has extremely low toxicity compared to NazO and Na0)1. Also, it is produced in a form that can be easily filtered by a filtration device.
更に発生するガスは従来のアジ化ナトリウム系ガス発生
剤よりも２０パ一セント以上増大する。Furthermore, the amount of gas generated is more than 20 percent higher than that of conventional sodium azide-based gas generating agents.
本発明になるガス発生剤組成において酸化剤のＮａＮ０
．は還元剤のＮＪｈ及びＣＮ５Ｉ＋３に対して化学量論
的当量使用することが望ましいが、ＣＮ、ＩＩ。In the gas generating agent composition of the present invention, the oxidizing agent is NaN0
．． Although it is desirable to use stoichiometric equivalents of reducing agents NJh and CN5I+3, CN, II.
の量が上式に示した３４．７％より余りに多いと生成ガ
ス中に有毒なＣＯやＣＯ！が多量に発生する。If the amount of CO is too much than the 34.7% shown in the above formula, the generated gas contains toxic CO and CO! occurs in large quantities.
逆に少ないと生成物中に有毒なＮａｎｏが発生し始める
ので、各成分は±５％以内の精度で配合する必要がある
。従って本発明のガス発生剤の組成範囲は上記の如く選
定される。これらの組成物をガス発生剤として実際に用
いる場合には、上記ガス発生剤組成物に対して３〜７％
程度の量のアルミノシリケートの如き賦形剤やステアリ
ン酸マグネシウムの如き滑沢剤を添加して所定の形状に
加圧成形することができる。On the other hand, if the amount is too low, toxic Nano will begin to be generated in the product, so each component must be blended with an accuracy within ±5%. Therefore, the composition range of the gas generating agent of the present invention is selected as described above. When these compositions are actually used as a gas generating agent, 3 to 7% of the above gas generating agent composition is used.
It is possible to add a certain amount of an excipient such as an aluminosilicate or a lubricant such as magnesium stearate and then press-form it into a predetermined shape.
次に本発明を実施例について説明するが、本発明はこれ
に限定されるものではない。Next, the present invention will be described with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
実施例１
硝酸ナトリウム４８．３％（％は重量、以下同じ）、５
−アミノテトラゾール３２．３％、アジ化ナトリウム１
２．４％と賦形剤及び滑沢剤としてアルミノシリケート
２％、水酸化ピロピル澱粉４％、ステアリン酸マグネシ
ウム１％を■型混合機で混合し、単発打錠機で直径７Ｉ
ＩＩＩ１１、厚さ４ｍｍに打錠してガス発生剤成形物を
作製した。Example 1 Sodium nitrate 48.3% (% is weight, same below), 5
-aminotetrazole 32.3%, sodium azide 1
2.4% and 2% aluminosilicate as an excipient and lubricant, 4% propylated starch hydroxide, and 1% magnesium stearate were mixed in a ■ type mixer, and tablets with a diameter of 7I were mixed with a single-shot tablet machine.
III11 was compressed into tablets with a thickness of 4 mm to produce a gas generating agent molded product.
直径１１ｃｍ、厚さ６ｃｍのステンレス製ガス発生装置
のガス発生室に上記ガス発生剤成形物１００ｇを配置し
、後流直列の冷却室に３０〜３２５メツシユのステンレ
ス製金網を配置したガス発生装置を作製した。A gas generator was constructed in which 100 g of the above gas generating agent molded product was placed in the gas generation chamber of a stainless steel gas generator with a diameter of 11 cm and a thickness of 6 cm, and a stainless steel wire mesh of 30 to 325 meshes was placed in the downstream cooling chamber. Created.
本発明になるこのガス発生装置の点火器に点火信号を与
えて点火器を作動させると、ガス発生剤から発生した熱
ガスは冷却室で冷却され、ガス噴出口から２４０℃のガ
ス８１１を９０ＩＩ！Ｓ間発生した０発生ガス組成は窒
素１００％であったが、微量成分の分析を行うと表−１
に示す通りであった。When an ignition signal is given to the igniter of the gas generator according to the present invention to activate the igniter, the hot gas generated from the gas generating agent is cooled in the cooling chamber, and the gas 811 at 240°C is released from the gas outlet at 90°C. ! The composition of the zero gas generated during S was 100% nitrogen, but analysis of trace components revealed Table 1.
It was as shown in
比較例１
従来法のガス発生剤との比較のために、ガス発生剤組成
のみが実施例１と異なり、従来のガス発生剤の用いたガ
ス発生装置を作製した。使用した発生剤組成は、酸化鉄
（ＦｅｚＯｚ） ２７％、アジ化ナトリウム６６％、賦
形剤及び滑沢剤７％であって、これは従来の平均的ガス
発生剤組成である。Comparative Example 1 For comparison with a conventional gas generating agent, a gas generating device was fabricated using a conventional gas generating agent, differing only in the composition of the gas generating agent from Example 1. The generant composition used was 27% iron oxide (FezOz), 66% sodium azide, and 7% excipients and lubricants, which is the average conventional gas generant composition.
実施例１と同様にガス発生装置の作動試験を行った。２
３０℃のガス６２１を８０ｍ５間発生した。An operation test of the gas generator was conducted in the same manner as in Example 1. 2
Gas 621 at 30° C. was generated for 80 m5.
発生ガスの微量成分は表−１に示すとおりであった。The trace components of the generated gas are as shown in Table 1.
表
〔発明の効果〕
実施例及び比較例の結果かられかる様に本発明になるガ
ス発生剤を用いたガス発生装置から発生するガスは純粋
の窒素ガス組成に近く、有毒微量成分も従来装置に比較
して大幅に減少させることができ、且つ発生ガス量も２
０％以上増大するという優れた性能を示す。Table [Effects of the Invention] As can be seen from the results of Examples and Comparative Examples, the gas generated from the gas generating device using the gas generating agent of the present invention has a composition close to that of pure nitrogen gas, and contains no toxic trace components compared to the conventional device. The amount of gas generated can be significantly reduced compared to
It shows excellent performance with an increase of more than 0%.
Claims (1)
、５−アミノテトラゾール３０〜４０部、アジ化ナトリ
ウム１０〜２０部からなることを特徴とするエヤーバッ
グ用ガス発生剤。Sodium nitrate 45-55 parts (parts are parts by weight, the same applies hereinafter)
, 30 to 40 parts of 5-aminotetrazole, and 10 to 20 parts of sodium azide.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1002248A JPH02184590A (en) | 1989-01-09 | 1989-01-09 | Gas producing agent for air bag |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1002248A JPH02184590A (en) | 1989-01-09 | 1989-01-09 | Gas producing agent for air bag |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02184590A true JPH02184590A (en) | 1990-07-19 |
Family
ID=11524053
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1002248A Pending JPH02184590A (en) | 1989-01-09 | 1989-01-09 | Gas producing agent for air bag |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH02184590A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0659715A2 (en) * | 1993-12-10 | 1995-06-28 | Morton International, Inc. | Gas generant compositions |
-
1989
- 1989-01-09 JP JP1002248A patent/JPH02184590A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0659715A2 (en) * | 1993-12-10 | 1995-06-28 | Morton International, Inc. | Gas generant compositions |
| EP0659715A3 (en) * | 1993-12-10 | 1995-09-27 | Morton Int Inc | Gas generant compositions. |
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