JPH02184244A - High efficiency generator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable usage of a large diameter coil by supporting a rotary magnet comprising rotary magnets arranged with opposite polarities rotatably in a cylinder and arranging laminated iron plates on the inner face of the cylinder corresponding to the polarity of magnetic pole. CONSTITUTION:A rotary magnet comprises rotary magnets 1, 2 having same number of magnetic poles on the outer circumference and arranged with opposite polarities, and supported rotatably on the shaft 3 in a cylinder 4. Laminated iron plates 5 are arranged at positions on the inner face of the cylinder 4 corresponding to the poles of the rotary magnets 1, 2. Furthermore, laminated magnetic circuit cores 10, 11 are arranged at the outside of the cylinder 4 and coils 12, 13 are wound around the foot sections of the cores 10, 11. In operation, the polarity of the rotary magnet is switched alternately to the convergence poles of the rotary magnets 1, 2 and magnetic line of force alternates reciprocally in the magnetic circuit cores 10, 11. Consequently, AC voltage is induced in the coils 12, 13 and power is outputted from the generator.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Despite the long history of generators, they are still unsatisfactory in terms of power generation efficiency. Especially in recent years, when direct current is required due to the need for storage batteries in the use of natural energy, this low efficiency has been amplified. This has become a major obstacle to energy development.

Conventionally, when obtaining direct current power, either by using a direct current generator or by obtaining direct current by alternating current rectification of an alternating current generator, the power generation efficiency was as low as 50% or less.

A DC generator has a structure in which only the peak (maximum value) portion of the AC wave occurring in the generator coil is extracted to the terminal by a commutator on the shaft.
In addition, in order to obtain direct current from an alternating current generator, the generated alternating current is passed through a separate rectifier to take out only the top portion of the alternating current wave to a terminal and convert it into direct current. In this way, by extracting the current only from the top of the AC wave and converting it into DC,
This means that the DC output is not covered by the current in only the small section at the top of the wave, and the current flowing in these 7 small sections is several times the average current calculated from the DC output. For this reason, this resistance loss (hereinafter referred to as copper loss) increases significantly even in small sections in proportion to the square of the current, resulting in a voltage drop and the practical DC output is 3H of the AC output of the AC generator. The efficiency of DC power generation is surprisingly low at less than 50% as mentioned above.The reason is the same when generating DC with a DC generator, and the result is also The same is true.

When converting the alternating current of an alternator into direct current in this way, the generator? Significant copper loss occurs in this process, which is a major cause of reduced efficiency.

In order to reduce this copper loss, if a large-diameter coil wire with low electrical resistance is used, the iron core frame becomes larger and the volume of the iron core is reduced, since conventional generators have a structure in which the iron core around which the coil is wound surrounds the coil. Increased iron core eddy current loss (hereinafter referred to as iron loss) increases,
In addition, conventionally all generator cores have been manufactured by press punching, but since high silicon steel sheets with low iron loss cannot be pressed due to their orientation and brittleness, low silicon steel sheets with high iron loss have been used. In this way, all conventional generators that are used originally had a large iron loss, which was the cause of low efficiency, but the iron loss increased again, and even if the coil wire was made thicker, the above-mentioned No effect on improving efficiency was obtained.

In addition, in the rectification of DC generators and AC generators, the number of rotations of the generator is irrelevant when generating DC power, so it is necessary to make the generator rotate at high speed, and to increase the number of magnetic poles to produce a high-speed rotation effect. Improving power generation efficiency by increasing the induced voltage in the generator coil, reducing the number of coil turns, reducing copper loss, and downsizing the generator to reduce mechanical loss and iron loss. was also attempted, but this method resulted in an increase in the alternating current cycles of the generator coil, increasing iron loss by the square of the cycle, which had the opposite effect of reducing efficiency rather than improving efficiency.

There are many causes of low efficiency in conventional generators, both AC and DC, but it is no longer possible to improve efficiency with the conventional generator structure.

The present invention is an epoch-making invention for obtaining a highly efficient power generator by eliminating the causes of low efficiency in conventional power generators.The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to Examples.

Fig. 1 is a side sectional view of the generator of this invention, Fig. 2 is a front view, and the right half shows the cross section taken along line P-Q in Fig. 1. 1 and 2 in Fig. 1 are cylindrical shapes. And N to those around me! :Two permanent magnets with four poles of S are attached to one shaft 3 in a skewer shape at appropriate intervals.The magnetic poles of each of the two magnets, N and S, are alternately different and have the same polarity as shown in the figure. The rotary magnet is fixed to the shaft 3 in the same direction as the shaft 3 and forms a rotating magnet, and this rotating magnet supports the shaft 3 by the bearings 8 and 9 of both end plates 6 and 7 of the cylinder 4 so as to be rotated within the cylinder 4 made of reinforced plastic. On the inner surface of the cylinder, laminated iron plates as shown in Fig. 5 are built into the inner surface of the cylinder, with a size corresponding to the magnetic poles of the rotating magnets, and at positions corresponding to the magnetic poles of rotating magnets 1 and 2. This is a focusing magnetic pole for focusing the lines of magnetic force on the magnetic pole surface of the rotating magnet.Also, on the outside of the cylinder 4, there are laminated magnetic circuit iron cores in the shape of a casing as shown at 10 and 11 in the figure. 4tff
At position I, each cassocket-shaped leg is magnetically connected to the back surface of the focusing magnetic pole on the inner surface of the cylinder as shown in FIGS. The different polarities of magnets 1 and 2 are connected magnetically by passing focused magnetic lines of force through this, and coils 12 and 13 are wound around the legs of each of these cascading magnetic circuits. .

The structure of the generator of the present invention has been described above, and the cylinder 4, the magnetic circuit iron core attached thereto, the coils, etc. are all firmly bonded together using a strong adhesive.

Now, when the rotating magnet is operated by the gear 14 on the generator shaft, the rotating magnet pole N and 8 surfaces are alternately switched to the respective focusing magnetic poles corresponding to magnets 1 and 2, and the lines of magnetic force alternate back and forth within the magnetic circuit iron core. An alternating current voltage is induced in each coil wound around the legs of the magnetic circuit iron core, and these coils are suitably connected to supply alternating current power as the output power of the generator.

The reason why this generator has good efficiency will be explained below.

The generator of this invention uses a large-diameter coil wire that minimizes coil copper loss, which is the cause of low efficiency as described above. Unlike a structure in which the wire volume is limited by an iron core, the structure uses thick coil wire to its full extent, so the disadvantage of large copper loss in conventional generators is solved with the structure of the generator of the present invention. There is.

In addition, the iron core has an extremely simple laminated structure of strips as shown in Figures 10 and 11, the volume of the iron core is extremely small, there is no need for press punching, and high-silicon steel sheets can be used. The iron loss is extremely small, so there is very little efficiency loss due to the iron core.

In addition, the type in which the different magnetic poles of two magnets are connected by a magnetic circuit iron core has a structure in which the magnetomotive force of two magnets is connected in series, and the magnetomotive force is doubled. By doubling the stress resistance against demagnetizing force and biased magnetic force due to load current,
It reduces fluctuations in the generated voltage, improves output stability, and increases output.

As mentioned above, the AC generator of the present invention eliminates all of the causes of efficiency decline in conventional generators, and its high efficiency is comparable to transformer efficiency of 90!
When the alternating current generated by this generator is converted to direct current using a rectifier, the efficiency as a direct current output is 8.
It is an extremely useful invention that greatly contributes to energy saving, with high efficiency reaching 0% or more.

Although the embodiment described in the description of the present invention is a single-phase alternating current generator, the inner surface of the cylinder 4 in the above is divided by an alternating current phase angle of 120 degrees, and three sets of magnetic focusing magnetic poles, a magnetic circuit iron core,
If three sets of single-phase AC power generation parts with coils are built, it becomes three-phase AC, and the rotating magnet in the example is an electromagnet, and one of the two rotating magnets is an electromagnet and the other is a permanent magnet. In addition, since there is no structural distinction between a generator and an electric motor due to reversibility in an electric power machine, the structure of the electric motor is also within the scope of the present invention.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 shows a side sectional view of a generator according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
The figure is a front view of the same, and the right half shows a cross section taken along line P-Q in FIG. 1.

Claims (1)

[Claims] Two rotating magnets with the same number of magnetic poles on the outer periphery as shown in Figures 1 and 2 in Figures 1 and 2 are placed on the shaft 3 with the magnetic pole direction set at an appropriate interval between the magnetic poles N of magnets 1 and 2 in Figure 1. and S, rotary magnets fixed to shafts alternately are supported by bearings on both sides of the plastic or ceramic cylinder 4 so as to rotate, and the inner surface of the cylinder 4 is equipped with a laminated iron plate 5. By making it in line with the magnetic pole of the rotating magnet, a magnetic line converging magnetic pole of the rotating magnet is formed, and from the outside of the magnetic line converging magnetic pole of each of magnets 1 and 2, a magnetic circuit iron core as shown by 10 and 11 is formed.
The focusing magnetic poles corresponding to magnets 1 and 2 are connected magnetically, and the lines of magnetic force between the different polarities of rotating magnets 1 and 2 are passed through this, and the direction of the lines of magnetic force is repeatedly alternated by the rotation of the rotating magnets. A high-efficiency generator characterized by generating electricity by winding coils 12 and 13 around the circuit.