JPH02182967A - Composition for cleansing agent - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To obtain a detergent composition comprising a mixture of a specific dialkyl sulfosuccinate and a specific nonionic surfactant in a specified weight ratio and a water-soluble electrolyte in an amount giving a specific ionic strength, and suitable for laundering fabrics. CONSTITUTION: This detergent composition comprises 2-50 wt.% of a surfactant system comprising a mixture of (A) a dialkyl sulfosuccinate, the alkyl substituent groups of which contain 16 to 24 carbon atoms in total, and do not differ in length from each other by more than five carbon atoms, and (B) a nonionic surfactant having a HLB value larger than 10.5, in which the weight ratio of (A) to (B) lies between 10:1 to 1:10, especially 4:1 to 1:4, and (C) 25-95 wt.% of a water-soluble electrolyte. The composition is used in an amount larger than 1 g/l, usually 4-10 g/l, to prepare a laundering solution having an ionic strength of at least 0.04 mol/l to launder fabrics.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to detergent compositions, and particularly to detergent compositions for washing fabrics.

The fabric laundry composition contains as an essential component a detergent active system,
Its role is to remove soil from the fabric and to help suspend it in the wash liquor. Suitable detergent actives fall into a number of classes, including anionic, nonionic and cationic materials, and commercial products contain laundered materials from one or more of these. A known group of compounds classified as anionic detergent actives are the dialkyl sulfosuccinates.

These substances are used as detergent actives in products for other cleaning purposes, such as dishwashing compositions. However, dialkyl sulfosuccinates are known to be unsuitable for fabric laundry compositions.

Now, dialkyl sulfosuccinates exhibit the best performance in fabric laundering when specifically selected alkyl substituents and mixed with nonionic detergent actives are laundered in the presence of a defined level of electrolyte. I found Shiroko.

Accordingly, in a first aspect of the invention, (i) the argyl substituents have a total of 16 to 24 carbon atoms and the chain lengths do not differ by more than 5 carbon atoms; A surfactant-based solution consisting of a mixture of succinate and (11) a nonionic surfactant, with a weight ratio of (i) and (ii) in the range of 10:1 to 1:10. Provided is a method for washing fabric, characterized in that the fabric is washed in an aqueous solution containing an electrolyte dissolved therein so as to have an ionic strength of at least 0.04 mol/fJ.

It has been found that it is advantageous if the dialkyl sulfosuccinates are symmetrical, ie both alkyl substituents have the same number of carbon atoms. In this case, other dialkyl sulfosuccinate molecules having argyl substituents of different chain lengths, ie asymmetric substituents, can also be present. However, it is preferred that at least 55% of the alkyl chains, preferably at least 70% of the alkyl chains, of all dialkyl sulfosuccinate molecules present are of the same chain length.

It has also been found that the optimum chain length of the alkyl substituent is also related to the nature of the nonionic surfactant present as an essential component of the composition of the invention. Nonionic surfactant is 10
．． N L B greater than 5, preferably greater than 11
It is preferable to have. If this type of nonionic surfactant is used, the C9 alkyl group has a branched structure, di-C
We found that 9-dialkyl sulfosuccinates performed best.

To achieve the advantages of the present invention, the weight ratio between dialkyl sulfosuccinate and nonionic surfactant is 10:
It has also been found that a range of from 1 to 1:10, preferably from 7:1 to 1.7, particularly preferably from 4:1 to 1:4, is desirable.

For the compositions of the present invention to exhibit the best performance in washing fabrics, it is essential that sufficient electrolytes be present in the wash liquor. A suitable suspension of the electrolyte is suitably defined as a minimum ionic strength of 0.04 mol/ρ.

Ionic strength is related to concentration, but takes into account the number of ions in a molecule and the number of multiply charged ions.

The ionic strength is calculated from the molar concentration (m) of each ionic substance present in the solution and the charge (2) possessed by each ionic substance. The ionic strength (I) is half the sum of m-z2 for all ionic substances present, i.e.: I=1/2Σm-22 For salts where the ions are both monovalent, Ionic strength is the same as molar concentration. This is not the case when more than one ion or multiple charged ions are involved. For example, a 1 molar solution of sodium carbonate is 2 mol/
l of sodium and 1 mol/, l! carbonate ion with a divalent charge of . The ionic strength is expressed by the following formula: I-1/2[2(1)+1x(22)]=3mol/Jl An explanation of the ionic strength is given by Walter J. and Moore in ``Physical Chemistry''.
try) J, 4th edition (1963).

A suitable ionic strength is 0.05 to 1 mol/9. In this case, both ionic strength and electrolyte concentration are 0.04
Mol/j! exceed. Electrolyte concentration should not exceed 0.5 molar. Concentrations of less than 0.2 molar are preferred.

Laundry liquors are formed by adding to water a detergent composition containing a surfactant system and an electrolyte.

The level of electrolytes in the laundry fluid is a parameter determined in practice by the level of water-soluble groups in the detergent composition and the dosage of the composition. Detergent compositions are generally used in amounts greater than 1 g/J, usually in the range 4 to 10 g/II. Detergent compositions that provide the required ionic strength when used at such dosages generally contain 25 to 95% by weight of water-soluble groups (although the lower end of this weight range may contain relatively high levels of water-soluble groups). ).

Accordingly, in a second aspect of the invention: (i) dialkyl sulfosuccinates in which the alkyl substituents have a total of 16 to 24 carbon atoms and whose chain lengths do not differ from each other by more than 5 carbon atoms; and (11) a nonionic surfactant, the ff1ff of (i) and (ii)
Surfactant system 2 with an i ratio in the range 10;1 to 1;10
To provide a detergent composition suitable for washing cloth, characterized in that it contains 50% to 50% by weight and 25 to 95% by weight of a water-soluble electrolyte.

The remainder of the composition can be provided by other ingredients conventionally used in fabric laundry compositions. Preferred amounts of surfactant in the composition range from 4 or 6% by weight to 30 or 35% by weight.

Preferred water-soluble electrolyte 1 is 40 or 50% by weight to 8
It ranges from 0 to 901 ffi%. These percentages are total and are based on the entire composition.

The laundry liquids and compositions of the present invention are approximately neutral or preferably alkaline. That is, the composition is
1 g/ρ (or more) m in distilled water at 5°C
It is desirable that the pH is 6 or higher when dissolved at
Preferably at least 8, more preferably at least 1
Should be 0. For this purpose, the composition can also contain water-soluble alkaline groups. The salt can also be a detergent builder (described in more detail below) or a non-builder alkaline material.

Suitable nonionic surfactants used include alkoxylated substances, which are compounds having hydrophobic groups and reactive hydrogen atoms (such as aliphatic alcohol acids, amides or alkylphenols) and alkylene oxides. (particularly ethylene oxide alone or in combination with propylene oxide). Certain alkoxylated nonionic detergent compounds are alkyl (06-C2□
) Phenol-ethylene oxide condensate, aliphatic (08-C
18) Condensation products of linear or branched primary or secondary alcohols with ethylene oxide, as well as products formed by condensing ethylene oxide with the reaction product of propylene oxide and ethylenediamine.

Alkylene oxide adducts of aliphatic substances are preferably used as nonionic surfactants. The number of alkylene oxide groups per molecule has a considerable effect on the HLB of a nonionic surfactant. The preferred number of alkylene oxide groups per molecule depends on the nature and chain length of the aliphatic material, since the chain length and nature of the aliphatic material also give rise to color tubes.

Other nonionic surfactants that may be used include: 08-C2o aliphatic acyldialkanolamides, C6
-C2o alkyl polyglycoside and 06-C2o alkylaryl polyglycoside.

Polyglycosides can have on average 1.5 to 10 glycoside residues in the molecule.

The surfactant system can include other surfactants in addition to the specific dialkyl sulfosuccinate and nonionic material. These other surface-active substances can be selected from anionic detergent actives, zwitterionic or zwitterionic detergent actives, or mixtures thereof.

Preferably, other surfactants of this type are present at levels that are minor relative to the surfactants in the composition.

The electrolyte materials present are generally water-soluble groups.

This can be a salt such as a water-soluble detergent builder salt or a water-soluble alkaline group that provides an advantage in the fabric washing process. Alternatively, the electrolyte may be constituted by a water-soluble bulking salt such as sodium sulfate or sodium chloride. All three salts can also be present.

When the compositions of the invention contain a detergent builder material, this material can be any material capable of reducing the level of TL calcium ions in the wash liquor, e.g. by alkalinizing the pH or removing it from the fabric. Those that impart other beneficial properties to the composition, such as soil suspension, are preferred.

Examples of phosphorous-containing inorganic detergent buildings, when present, include water-soluble groups, especially alkali metal pyrophosphates, orthophosphates, polyphosphates and phosphonates. Specific examples of inorganic phosphates include tripolyphosphoric acid, orthophosphoric acid,
These include sodium and potassium hexametaphosphate.

Examples of phosphorus-free inorganic detergent virgoos, if present, may include water-soluble alkali metal carbonates, bicarbonates, silicates and crystalline and amorphous aluminosilicates. Specific examples include sodium carbonate (with or without calcite seeds), potassium carbonate (with or without calcite seeds), and bicarbonate and sodium silicate.

When present, examples of organic detergents may include alkali metal, ammonium and substituted ammonium polyacetates, carboxylates, polycarboxylates, polyacedelcarbondroxysulfonates. Specific examples include the sodium, potassium, lithium, ammonium and substituted ammonium salts of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, nitrilotriacetic acid, oxydisuccinic acid, mellitic acid, benzene polycarboxylic acid and citric acid.

In addition to the above components, a number of optional components can also be present. Examples of other components that may be present in the composition include carboxylic or sulfonic acid groups in acid form or wholly or partially neutralized to sodium or potassium salts (sodium salts are preferred). It is a polymer containing Suitable polymers are homopolymers and copolymers of acrylic acid and/or maleic acid or maleic anhydride. Of particular interest are polyacrylates, acrylic/maleic acid copolymers, and acrylic phosphinates.

Examples of suitable polymers for use alone or in combination include: polyacrylic acids, such as versicol
icol) (registered trademark) E5, E7 and E9 [Allied Colloids], Narlcx
) (registered trademark), LD30 and LD 34 [National Adhesives and Resins Limited], △crysol (registered trademark)
LMW-10, LMV120, LMW-45 and AI
-N [Om & Haas Co.] and Tsukaran (
3 okalan) (registered trademark) PA-20, P
A-40, PA-70 and PA-110 [BA
SF]; Ethylene/maleic acid copolymers, such as the EMA (registered trademark) series [Monsando]; Methyl vinyl ether/maleic acid copolymers, such as Gantrez (Ga
(registered trademark) AN119 and AN1
49 [GAF Corporation]; Acrylic acid/maleic acid copolymer, such as Tucaran (
registered trademarks) CR2, CF2 and CF2 [BASF] and Alcosperse (A 1cospcrse)
® series [Arco Corporation] Niacryl Phosphinates, such as DKW ® 125 [National Adhesives & Regis Ltd.], and Pelsverse®
Series [Ciba Geigy].

The molecular weight of homopolymers and copolymers generally ranges from 1000 to
150,000, preferably 1,500 to 100,000
It is. The amount of polymer is 0.5 to 5 times the composition.
% range and 1゛. Other suitable polymeric materials are cell[1-suethers] such as carboxymethylcellulose, methylcellulose, hydroxyalkylcellulose, and hybrid ethers such as methylhydroxyethylcellulose, methylhydroxypropylcellulose and methylcarboxymethylcellulose. Mixtures of different cellulose ethers are suitable, especially mixtures of carboxymethylcellulose and methylcellulose. 400~so, ooo, preferably 1,
000~+o, oo.

Suitable are polyethylene glycols having a molecular weight of , and copolymers of polyethylene oxide and polypropylene oxide, as well as copolymers of polyacrylate and polyethylene glycol. 10,000～60,
000. Polyvinylpyrrolidone and copolymers of polyvinylpyrrolidone and other polypyrrolidones, preferably having a molecular weight of 30,000 to 50,000, are also suitable. Molecule fi 1000-100,000, especially 300
Polyacrylic phosphonates and related copolymers having a molecular weight of 0 to 30,000 are also suitable.

Other ingredients that may be present in the composition include fabric softeners (e.g. aliphatic amines), fabric softening clay materials, suds promoters (e.g. alkanolamides, particularly those derived from coco-pendulum fatty acids and coco-pendulum fatty acids). monoethanolamide), anti-fouling agents, oxygen-releasing bleaches (e.g. sodium percarbonate and sodium percarbonate), peracid bleach precursors, chlorine-releasing bleaches (e.g. trichloroisocyanuric acid)
I), inorganic salts (e.g. sodium sulfate) and fluorescent agents, which are generally present in very small amounts, fragrances (including deodorizing fragrances), enzymes (e.g. cellulases, proteases and amylases), bactericidal agents and colorants.

Detergent compositions according to the invention can be in any suitable form including powders, bars, liquids and pastes. For example, suitable liquid compositions can be non-aqueous or aqueous, the latter can be isotropic or have a lamellar structure. These compositions can be manufactured in a number of different ways depending on their physical form. For granular products, these can be done by dry blending or co-agglomeration! ll can be built. Dialkyl sulfosuccinate is
It is preferred not to use conventional spray drying. This is because this compound is hydrolytically unstable. The preferred physical form is granules loaded with detergent builder salts.

This can be manufactured by conventional granulation techniques. Certain nonionic surfactants may not be included in the spray 7A drying slurry, but rather may be liquefied by melting or solvent dissolution and then sprayed onto the preformed paste powder particles.

One formulation example for a granular solid composition according to the invention is as follows: wt% Sodium dialkyl sulfosuccinate 9 Nonionic surfactant 4 Sodium tripolyphosphate 24 Sodium alkaline silicate 5 Sodium carbonate
Sodium 105A acid
23 Sodium perborate-water W 8 Moisture and minor components Balance relative to 100% The present invention will now be explained in more detail by way of non-limiting examples.

1 In the following examples, various compositions are used to compare stain removal (particularly triolein removal) from fabrics. To conduct the experiment, fabric laundry was laundered in a tergotometer at a 40:1 liquid to fabric ratio using laundry fluid.

The laundry consisted of a number of polyester monitors to which a predetermined amount of c14-labeled triolein had been added. Measuring the amount of labeled triolein after laundering using standard radiotracer techniques determines the degree of detergency, ie the soil removal rate obtained. Washing time is 20 minutes,
With stirring at 70 rpm. Washing was done isothermally at 40°C.

For each test composition, a wash liquor containing 1 g/l of the surfactant mixture and sodium chloride was made up, which was used to represent the electrolyte levels actually resulting from the other components of the composition. In Examples 1-12, the nonionic surfactant used is a C1□ alcohol ethoxylated with about 8 moles of ethylene oxide (HLB about 13.
1).

iiA In the first three experiments, both alkyl chains of the dialkyl sulfosuccinate used were C8 linear alkyl groups. The electrolyte concentration was varied and the pH was 6.5.

In the fourth experiment, a dialkyl sulfosuccinate with a CI alkyl straight chain was used. The results are shown in the table below.

Example No.: 1 2
3 (comparison) 87.5: 12.5 18.0 16
．． 944.28 8.4 50.0: 50.0 28.0 10
．． 40 3.10 4.837.5:
62.5 21.525.0: 75.0
15.4 6.61 5,91
2.5: 87.5 13. Q-
0:100 12.5 It is clear from these examples that 0.1 molar and 0.05 molar concentrations of electrolyte were added between the diC8 alkyl sulfur small succinate and the nonionic substance over a range of ratios. There was a significant synergistic effect between the two, but 0
．． 01 mole electrolyte was not present. This synergy was not evident for di-c7 alkyl sulfosuccinates. Since the electrolyte was composed of monovalent ions, the electrolyte concentration is the same as the ionic strength.

Examples 5-11 In the second series of experiments, electrolyte i! degree 0.1
A molar concentration (5,85 SJzl) of sodium chloride was used, and the pH was again 6.5. Various dialkyl sulfosuccinates were used as shown in the table below.

From these results, a comparison between Examples 6 and 7 shows that the 509 branched chain is more suitable than a C9 alkyl straight chain in most ratios, whereas a comparison with Examples 5 and 6 shows that shows that a branched alkyl chain having 9 carbon atoms is more suitable than a branched chain having 8 carbon atoms. A comparison of Examples 1 and 5 shows that the effect of branching is less pronounced when each alkyl group has 8 carbon atoms.

Example 12 Example 1 was repeated at pH 10. 1.8 as an electrolyte
9/j sodium tripolyphosphate and 0.48! This higher pH was obtained by using J/1 sodium silicate and 3.9971 sodium chloride. The results are shown in the table below, which also includes Example 1 for comparison.

Example No.: 1 12pH6,
510 100: 0 3.9
31.687.5: 12.5 18.0
68.881.3: 18.7
32.775.0: 25.0 40.
7 70.962.5: 37.5
36.4 64.950.0: 50
．． 0 28.0 61.937.5:
62.5 21.525.0: 7
5°O15,464,012,5: 87.5
13.00: 100 1
2.5 60.0 Again, it can be seen that synergy exists over a range of ratios.

! 1" 1 sip In this example, a nonionic surfactant (C12 alcohol ethoxylated with about 5 moles of ethylene oxide)
The same procedure as in Example 6 was carried out using HLB of about 10.9). The results are as follows: Example No.:
6 13100:0 75: 25 56.3:43.7 so: s.

25: 75 o: io.

2.5 1.5 5.8 2,7 49.0 21 4 45.0 37.9 24.0 71.3 14.0 73.9 These results are based on the nonionic surfactant used in Example 13. The results show that the surfactant has high detergency, but the synergistic effect is clear from the results using the ratio of , which is almost equivalent to the effect of the nonionic surfactant alone.

A long time ago, I met Lua: U

Claims (20)

[Claims] (1) (i) dialkyl sulfosuccinates whose alkyl substituents have a total of 16 to 24 carbon atoms and whose chain lengths do not differ from each other by more than 5 carbon atoms; and (ii) nonionic It consists of a mixture with a surfactant, and the weight ratio of (i) and (ii) is 1.
washing the fabric in an aqueous solution containing electrolytes dissolved in a surfactant-based solution ranging from 0:1 to 1:10 to an ionic strength of at least 0.04 mol/l; A method of washing cloth featuring: (2) The alkyl group of dialkyl sulfosuccinate is
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the chain lengths differ by no more than 4 carbon atoms. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the alkyl groups of the dialkyl sulfosuccinate each have the same number of carbon atoms. (4) Claim 1 or 2 in which the alkyl group of the dialkyl sulfosuccinate has a total of 16 to 20 carbon atoms.
Method described. (5) Each alkyl group of the dialkyl sulfosuccinate has at least 8 carbon atoms.
The method described in any one of the above. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the alkyl groups of the dialkyl sulfosuccinate each have 9 carbon atoms in branched form. (7) The nonionic surfactant has an H greater than 10.5
7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising LB. (8) Claims 1 to 7, wherein the pH of the aqueous liquid is at least 6.
The method described in any one of the above. (9) Claims 1 to 8, wherein the pH of the aqueous liquid is at least 8.
The method described in any one of the above. (10) In a detergent composition suitable for washing cloth, (i)
A mixture of dialkyl sulfosuccinates whose alkyl substituents have a total of 16 to 24 carbon atoms and whose chain lengths do not differ from each other by more than 5 carbon atoms and (ii) a nonionic surfactant. and the weight ratio of (i) and (ii) is 1
A detergent composition characterized in that it consists of 2-50% by weight of a surfactant system in the range 0:1-1:10 and 25-95% by weight of a water-soluble electrolyte. 11. The composition of claim 10, wherein the alkyl groups of the dialkyl sulfosuccinates differ in chain length by no more than 4 carbon atoms. (12) The composition according to claim 10, wherein each alkyl group of the dialkyl sulfosuccinate has the same number of carbon atoms. (13) A composition according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the alkyl group of the dialkyl sulfosuccinate has a total of 16 to 20 carbon atoms. (14) Each alkyl group of the dialkyl sulfosuccinate has at least 8 carbon atoms.
14. The composition according to any one of items 1 to 13. (15) Claim 1 in which the alkyl groups of the dialkyl sulfosuccinate each have 9 carbon atoms in a branched chain form.
4. The composition according to item 4. (16) H of nonionic surfactant is greater than 10.5
The composition according to any one of claims 10 to 15, having LB. (17) Claims 10 to 1 in which the electrolyte consists of an alkaline group.
6. The composition according to any one of 6. (18) Claims 10 to 17 containing sufficient alkaline groups to have a pH of at least 6 when the composition is added to distilled water at 25°C at a concentration of 1 g/l or more.
The composition according to any one of the above. (19) Claims 10 to 17 containing sufficient alkaline groups to have a pH of at least 8 when the composition is added to distilled water at 25°C at a concentration of 1 g/l or more.
The composition according to any one of the above. (20) The method according to any one of claims 10 to 19, which contains at least one of a fabric softener, fabric softening clay, foam accelerator, anti-drafting agent, bleach, fluorescent agent, fragrance, and enzyme. Detergent compositions as described.