JPH02181085A - Compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To perform compression continuously and calmly at a high efficiency by rotating a screw and a cylinder having the same protrusion of a spiral belt line in the same direction moving one fast and the other slowly in a casing. CONSTITUTION:A screw 22 having a spiral belt line 222 formed in the circumferential surface of a cylindrical main body 220 and a cylinder 24 having a belt 222 and a circular and spiral belt line 242 formed in the inner circumference of the cylindrical form are combined with each other and contained in a casing 26 are tightly. If a drive force is inputted from a motor shaft 32 of a speed changeable mechanism 31, the screw 22 and the cylinder 24 are rotated through engagement of gears 34, 35, 36, 37 having large diameter parts 340, 350, 360, 370, and small diameter parts 342, 352, 362, 372 in the same direction with a speed difference of 180 deg. for sucking from a suction hole 267 and discharging from a discharge hole 268. Compression can thus be performed effectively and calmly continuously, thereby high suction and high compression becomes possible.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to a compressor used in a device requiring high suction and high compression, such as a heat converter.

[Conventional technology] ■Reciprocating type in which the piston reciprocates inside the cylinder,
■A screw type in which two wooden worm-shaped screw rotors are engaged. ■An eccentric rotor rotates inside the cylinder, and a seal plate installed inside the outer circumference of the rotor contacts the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder as it moves in and out of the rotor. There are various types, including rotary types that compress the air.

[Problems to be solved by the invention] ■The reciprocating type allows for confidentiality and high compression, but
Since rotational motion is converted into linear motion, there is a large loss in power transmission and large vibrations. Moreover, it is difficult to rotate at high speeds, the number of compressions per cylinder is small, and valves for intake and discharge are required, which generates noise and causes severe wear in those parts. Durability is poor.

■In the case of the screw type, there is only rotational motion, so there is little power loss, and it is easy to operate at high speeds, allowing continuous compression. However, on the other hand, the airtightness of the contact area between the screw rotors is lost, and moreover, high suction and high Not suitable for compression.

■In the case of the rotary type, as with the screw type mentioned above, there is only rotational movement, so there is little power loss, and continuous compression is easily possible during high-speed operation, but the seal plate part is made to slide, so the airtightness of that part is lost. There are also structural problems, and it is difficult to increase the size for use in large capacity.

[Means for solving the problem] Unlike the reciprocating type, the rotary motion of the power is compressed by the rotary motion, so there is little power loss.
No vibration, higher speed operation than reciprocating type is possible,
In addition, the number of rotations of the power is
2. The left space 28. (5) The screw 22 and the cylinder 24 rotate in the same direction within the casing 26 at alternate speeds.

[Explanation] The main subject of the present invention is a compression mechanism.

Various known mechanisms can be used as a variable angular velocity ratio transmission mechanism (hereinafter referred to as variable mechanism) that alternately applies slow and fast rotation to the screw 22 and cylinder 24 of the compression mechanism.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the compression mechanism will first be described, and then an embodiment including a variable mechanism will be described.

[Example of Compression Mechanism] ``1'' configuration is mainly shown in Fig. 1a, 20 is a compression mechanism that performs many continuous compressions, so it is efficient, and since it does not require intake and discharge valves, it is quiet and durable. Excellent in
Since the structure is simple, it can be easily made larger or smaller.As shown in Fig. 1a, it mainly consists of (1) a screw 22 and a cylinder 24;
) The screw 22 has a spiral strip 222 formed around a cylindrical main body 220. (3) The cylinder 24 has a strip of the same shape as the strip 222 on its cylindrical inner surface. (4) Inside the cylinder 24, the screw 22 is placed coaxially and rotatably; The whole is shown so that there is a seal between the strip 222 and the inner surface of the cylinder 24 and between the strip 242 and the main body 220.

This compression mechanism 20 is ■Screw 22 and ■Cylinder 24 and ■Those casings 26, It consists of

(1) Regarding the screw 22: As shown in FIG. 2a, a single spiral strip 222 is formed on the outside of an elongated cylindrical main body 220.

The BB cross section of the strip 222 is fan-shaped as shown in FIG. 2b. Moreover, the AA cross section of the strip 222 is rectangular.

224 is a seal (the path shown in Fig. 1a) Fig. 2C shows the seal 224 seen from the side of the screw 22
This shows the state in which both sides of the screw 22 are the same.

226 is a drive shaft.

(2) Regarding cylinder 24: Shown in Figures 3a and 3b.

240 is the main body, which is a cylindrical body with closed left and right sides (left and right refer to the figures).

242 is a strip formed on the inner surface of the main body 240. This has exactly the same shape as the strip 222 described above, and its B-
The B section is fan-shaped as shown in Figure 3b.

244 is a seal (not shown in FIG. 1a), and 246 is a drive shaft.

247 is the gas inlet, 248 is a gas outlet.

However, although the positions of the inlet 247 and the outlet 248 are schematically shown in Fig. 3a, they are actually shown in Figs. 3C and 3d.
Install it in the position shown in the figure.

Seals 250 and 251 prevent gas from leaking between the inlet 247 and outlet 248 provided in the cylinder 24 and the casing 26 (Figures 3e and 3f).

(3) Combination of screw 22 and cylinder 24: As shown in FIG. 1a, the space 28 in the cylinder 24 becomes maximum.

Note that the part corresponding to the BB cross section in Fig. 1a is in Fig. 1c.
The side surfaces of the strip 222 and the strip 242 may be curved into the same curved surface so as to obtain the state shown in the figure.

(4) Regarding the casing 26: As shown in Figure 1a, the outside of the cylinder 24 is covered with the casing 2.
6 covers.

The cylinder 24 is rotatable within the casing 26.

A groove 264 is provided in the left side cover 262 of the casing 26 (FIG. 1d). This communicates with the inlet 247 mentioned above and to the outside by means of a suction hole 267.

Further, a discharge hole 268 is provided in the left side lid 266 of the casing 26 (FIG. 1e). This leads to the exit 248 of item 1 and also to the outside.

[2] Effect For example, in FIG. 1a, the drive shaft 226, the drive shaft 2
46 are assumed to rotate in the direction of arrow 30.

The screw 22 is installed coaxially.

At that time, the strips 222 enter the gaps between the strips 242, and the screw 22 is inserted into the cylinder 24 in the gaps.
Allows rotation relative to.

The above seals 224, 244 (1>Q not shown in FIG. 1a) seal between the strip 222 and the inner surface of the cylinder 24, and between the strip 242 and the main body 220 of the screw 22.

Further, a left space 28 and a right space 29 are formed between the strip 222 and the strip 242 (left and right are, for example, based on the strip 222). These are each spirally shaped and fluidly insulated from each other.

For example, if only the screw 22 is slightly turned in the direction of the arrow 30 in the state shown in FIG. 1a, the right space 29
are gradually pinched together, and finally the strip 222 is in contact with the side surface of the strip 242, and the gap between the two is minimized,
The space 28 on the opposite side expands inversely, and when the space 29 is at its minimum,
For example, when the drive shaft 246 and the drive shaft 226 (that is, the cylinder 24 and the screw 22) are rotated at different angular velocities, the relative positional relationship between the strips 222 and 242 changes.

Showing the change in the positional relationship as a change in the axial direction would complicate the diagram and make it difficult to understand, so we will show it as a cross section in the direction perpendicular to the axis, as shown in FIG. 1b.

(1) First, consider the case where the process starts from the state shown in FIG. 4a (same as in FIG. 1b).

Initially, it is assumed that the cylinder 24 rotates faster than the screw 22 in the directions of the arrows.

Then, as shown in Fig. 4b, gas is compressed in the left space 28 and gas is sucked in the right space 29 (suction holes 267,
(2) When the state shown in FIG. 4C is reached, compression is completed in the left space 28, and the gas with sufficient pressure passes through the outlet 248,
It is discharged through the discharge hole 268.

In the right space 29, inhalation is completed.

(3) After the second step is completed, the next step is to screw the screw 2.
2 is rotated faster than cylinder 24.

Then, as shown in Fig. 4d, the left space 28 gradually expands to suck in gas, and the right space 29 compresses the gas.

Then, as shown in Fig. 4e, the state changes from the right space 28 to the right space 29, and then it becomes as shown in Fig. 4f.

That is, compression is completed in the right space 29, and the gas with sufficient pressure is discharged.

In the left space 28, inhalation is completed.

(4) Once the above steps are complete, move on to the next step. cylinder 2
4 should be rotated faster than screw 22.

Then, the result will be as shown in FIGS. 4a to 4b above.

By repeating these steps, gas is continuously supplied to the suction hole 2.
67 , is compressed and discharged from the discharge hole 268 .

However, for one revolution of the driving shaft 32, the driving shaft 32 rotates twice, and the two-stage gears 34 and 36 are fixed to the driving shaft with a phase difference of 180 degrees.

The large diameter portion 350 of the gear 35 is attached to the small diameter portion 342 of the gear 34.
interlock.

The small diameter portion 372 of the gear 37 is attached to the large diameter portion 360 of the gear 36.
interlock.

Also, the center lines 344, 354, etc. of each gear are made to coincide.

The gear 35 and the drive shaft 226, and the gear 37 and the drive shaft 246 are fixed in the following state.

That is, the upper stage of Fig. 6a shows the variable speed mechanism 31, and the lower stage shows the state of the screw 22 and cylinder 24 as viewed from the arrow C-C in Fig. 5a. The gear 35 and the drive shaft 226 are aligned with the center line 354 of the screw 22 and the center line 223 of the screw 22.
and (2) the gear 37 and the drive compressed gas are discharged in a state where the center line 374 of the gear 37 and the center line 243 of the cylinder 24 are aligned.

The above is the explanation of the compression mechanism 20.

Next, a variable angular velocity ratio transmission mechanism (
An embodiment including a variable speed mechanism (hereinafter referred to as a variable speed mechanism) will be described.

[First embodiment including variable speed mechanism] In Figures 5a and 5b, 31 indicates the entire variable speed mechanism.

In this case, four two-stage gears 34, 35°36.37 are used. These are all the same gears. Also, the number of teeth in the large diameter portion 340 and the small diameter portion 342 are equal, and the relationship is as follows, and the angle α is as follows (Zl is the number of teeth of the gear in the large diameter portion 340, and Z
2 is the number of teeth of the gear in the small diameter portion 342, and zCA is zl
is the number of teeth at the angle α true).

The shaft 246 is fixed.

As shown in FIG. 5C, the shapes of the strips 222, 242 provided on the screw 22 and the cylinder 24 vary depending on the shapes of the two-stage gears 34, 35, 36, 37.
The value θ of 22,242 is set to be approximately the same as θ−α−β22 Zl.

[2] Rotate the driving shaft 32 at a constant speed in the direction of arrow 38 (fifth
(a) and the state shown in FIG. 6a.

(1) Gears 34 and 36 rotate at the same speed as driving shaft 32.

However, the gear 35 rotates slower than the driving shaft 32, and the gear 35 rotates more slowly than the driving shaft 32.
7 rotates faster than the driving shaft 32.

(2) As shown in FIG. 6b, when the relationship between the gears 36 and 37 shifts from the engagement of the large diameter portion 360 to the small diameter portion 372 to the engagement of the small diameter portion 362 to the large diameter portion 370, as described above. In the left space 28, compression is completed and gas is discharged, and in the right space 29, gas suction is completed.

(3) At that time, the relationship between the small diameter portion 342 and the large diameter portion 35 is still the same as in the state 6a.
It is a congruence of 0.

Therefore, from FIG. 6b to FIG. 6d, the screw 22 and cylinder 24 rotate at a constant speed.

(4) After passing the state shown in FIG. 6d, the relationship between the gears 34 and 35 shifts to engagement between the large diameter portion 340 and the small diameter portion 352.

At that time, the relationship between the gears 36 and 37 is still the engagement of the small diameter portion 362 to the large diameter portion 370, so from then on, contrary to the above, the gear 35 rotates faster than the driving shaft 32, and the gear 37 rotates faster than the driving shaft 32. It rotates slower than the shaft 32.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6e, the strips 222 and 24
2, suction is performed in the left space 28, and compression is performed in the right space 29.

(5) Figure 6e is the reverse of Figure 6a.

Short shafts 46 and 48 are mounted on both ends of the link 45.

A gear 50 is fixed to one end of the short shaft 46 and meshes with the gear 42 described above via a planetary gear 43 provided on a link 45.

Similarly, a gear 52 is fixed to one end of the short shaft 48, and a link 45
It meshes with the above-mentioned gear 42 via a planetary gear 44 provided in the.

The gears 50 and 52 have the same shape as the gear 42 described above, and the planetary gears 43 and 44 are optional.

Further, a link 54 is fixed to the other end of the short shaft 46, and a rotor 58 is mounted on the arm end of the link 54.

Similarly, a link 56 is fixed to the other end of the short shaft 48, and a rotor 60 is mounted on the arm end of the link 56.

A shaft 62 is rotatably mounted on the outside of the driving shaft 32, and a shaft 66 is rotatably mounted on the outside of the shaft 62.

A driven link 64 projects in the radial direction from the socket 162, is provided with a groove 640, and is engaged with the rotor 58 marked J1.

Therefore, if the rotation is continued further, the state will return to the state shown in FIG. 6a, and the process will be repeated.

, [Separate three-piece two-stage gear The two-stage gears 34 to 37 mentioned above are all the same shape, but for example, in the case of gear 34, as shown in Figures 7a and 7b, the teeth other than the large diameter portion 340 are removed. A large regular gear 346 and a small regular gear 348 having a small diameter portion 342 may be stacked together.

A particular advantage of this embodiment is that the two-stage gear is easy to manufacture.

[Second Embodiment Including Variable Speed Mechanism] [1] Configuration Fig. 8a shows a cross section taken along the line BB in Fig. 8b, and Fig. 8b shows a cross section taken along the line AA in Fig. 8a.

A cover 40 is connected to the casing 26.

A gear 42 is fixed to a cover 40.

The driving shaft 32 passes through the center of the gear 42 and is free.

A link 45 is attached to the driving shaft 32.

Further, a driven link 68 is made to protrude radially from the shaft 66 and provided with a groove 680, with which the rotor 60 is engaged.

In this case, the rotors 58, 60 may alternatively be slides.

Note that the angle between the driven link 64 and the driven link 68 is 180°.
Make them stand out and face each other.

The shaft 62 is connected and fixed to the drive shaft 226 of the compression mechanism 20, and the shaft 66 is connected and fixed to the drive shaft 246. At this time, the following adjustments are made.

That is, when the driving shaft 32 is rotated 90 degrees from the state shown in FIG. 8a, the strip 222 of the screw 22 and the cylinder 2
The connection is made under conditions such that the side surfaces of the strips 242 of No. 4 are in contact with each other.

[2] Effect The driving shaft 32 is rotated in the direction of arrow 38.

For example, considering the trajectory of the rotor 58, it is at P as shown by the solid line in diagram t58a, Q when the driving shaft 32 rotates 80 degrees, R1 when it rotates 0180 degrees, S when it rotates 270 degrees, and so on. , an elliptic cycloid curve 70 is drawn.

The same is true for the rotor 60, except that the same cycloidal curve 70, although 180 degrees out of phase, is drawn on both sides.

Thus, when the driving shaft 32 in FIG. 8a is rotating and the position of the roller 58.60 is moving between Q-R-3; 24 is early; roller 5
When 8.60 is moving between S-P and Q, the screw 22 or cylinder 24 rotates slowly.

That is, the screw 22 and the cylinder 24 alternately rotate faster and slower, so that the pumping operation described above is performed.

In the case of this second embodiment, it has a band shape of 222°242, and the part corresponding to the angle θ in Fig. 5c is almost the same as the angle α1 between the center of the driving shaft 32 and SQ in Fig. 8a. rank.

Since the meshing position of the gears is closest to the driving shaft 32, the driven elliptical gear 73 rotates the slowest.

Further, at intermediate positions between them, the angular velocity of the elliptical gear 73 gradually changes.

Therefore, the drive shaft 226 fixed to the elliptical gear 73, that is, the screw 22, periodically rotates slowly and rapidly.

Another set of elliptical gears (not shown) is the elliptical gear 72 described above.
．． 73 with a 180° phase difference, and its driven side is fixed to the drive shaft of the cylinder 24.

Therefore, as in the case of the first embodiment, the screw 22 and the cylinder 24 alternately rotate slowly and rapidly to perform a pumping action.

In addition, the angle θ of the strips 222, 242 in this case is the two acute angle parts corresponding to the center portions of the shafts 32, 226 in the elliptical gears 72, 73, and is approximately the same as the angle α2 shown in the upper part of FIG. do.

[Fourth embodiment including variable speed mechanism] (Fig. 10) [1
Co-configuration [Third embodiment including variable speed mechanism] (Figure 9) [1]
Structure In the first embodiment described above, four two-stage gears of the same shape were used, but in this case, four elliptical gears of the same shape are used.

In FIG. 9, only the elliptical gears 72 and 73 are shown.

The elliptical gear 72 is fixed to the driving shaft 32, and the elliptical gear 73 is fixed to the drive shaft 226, and they mesh with each other.

At that time, the focus of the elliptical gears 72, 73 is set to the driving shaft 32.
Align it with the center of the drive shaft 226.

Further, the distance between the driving shaft 32 and the driving shaft 226 is made equal to the major axis of the ellipse.

[2] Effect The driving shaft 32 is rotated at a constant speed.

In the state shown in FIG. 9, the meshing positions of both gears are farthest from the driving shaft 32, so the driven-side elliptical gear 73 rotates fastest.

On the other hand, when the gear is rotated 180 degrees, both four leaf gears of the same shape are used.

Each gear consists of a profile of symmetrically opposed logarithmic spiral curve arcs.

In FIG. 10, only the leaf gears 74,75 are shown.

The leaf-shaped gear 74 is fixed to the driving shaft 32, and the leaf-shaped gear 75 is fixed to the drive shaft 226, and they mesh with each other.

[2] When the driving shaft 32 is rotated at a constant speed, the leaf-shaped gear 75, that is, the screw 22, rotates slowly and rapidly.

Another set of internal lobe gears (not shown) is connected to the above-mentioned lobe gear 74.
．． 75 with a 180° phase difference, and its driven side is fixed to the drive shaft of the cylinder 24.

Therefore, as in the case of the first embodiment, the screw 22 and the cylinder 24 alternately rotate slowly and rapidly to perform a pumping action.

Note that the angle 0 of the strip 222° 242 in this fourth embodiment is an acute angle between two points corresponding to the center of the shaft 32 and 226 as in the third embodiment, and is approximately equal to the angle α3 shown in the upper part of FIG. Make it the same.

[Fifth embodiment including variable speed mechanism] (Fig. 11) [1
]Structure As in the case of the third embodiment described above, four elliptical gears of the same shape are used.

In FIG. 11, only the elliptical gears 76 and 77 are shown.

The elliptical gear 76 is fixed to the driving shaft 32, and the elliptical gear 77 is fixed to the drive shaft 226.

In this case, the centers of the elliptical gears 76 and 77 are aligned with the centers of the driving shaft 32 and the drive shaft 226.

Also, the short diameter of one gear and the long diameter of the other gear are in a straight line.
Interlock them so that they form two.

[2] When the driving shaft 32 is rotated at a constant speed, the elliptical gear 77 on the driven side rotates about the same amount per rotation of the driving shaft 32.

[Effects of the Invention] Consisting of a screw 22 and a cylinder 24, the screw 22 has a spiral strip 222 formed around a cylindrical main body 220, and the cylinder 24 has a cylindrical inner surface. , a strip 242 having the same shape as the strip 222 is formed, and an inlet 247 and an outlet 248 are provided at both ends in the axial direction, and the screw 22 is coaxially arranged in the cylinder 24. A seal is formed between the strap 222 and the inner surface of the cylinder 24 and between the strap 242 and the main body 220 so that the strap 222 and the main body 220 can be rotated, and the strap 222 and the strap 242 are sealed from each other. left space 28. The screw 22 and the cylinder 24 are assembled so that a right space 29 is created, and the screw 22 and the cylinder 24 rotate alternately, slowly and rapidly, but continuously in the same direction, and moreover, the rotation speed of the power is lower than that of the reciprocating type. The screw 22 rotates slowly and rapidly twice.

Another set of elliptical gears (not shown) is the elliptical gear 76 described above.
．． It is installed 80 degrees out of phase with the 77.

In this case, in particular, as shown in the lower part of FIG.
5 are provided facing each other at 180°. Similarly, in addition to the strip 242, another strip 245 of the same shape is attached to the cylinder 24.
Provided facing each other at 0°.

However, discharge is performed four times per rotation of the driving shaft 32, increasing efficiency.

In this fifth embodiment, a total of four suction holes, two pairs each, corresponding to the suction holes 267 and the discharge holes 268 in FIGS. 1a, 1d, and 10 are provided.

In addition, in the shape of the strips 222, 225, 242, 245, the angle θ is the angle α4 shown in the upper row of FIG. The efficiency is high because almost all suction and compression steps are performed.

Since the screw 22 and cylinder 24 are coaxial, there is no vibration like in a reciprocating type, and the machine is well-balanced. Furthermore, since there are no suction and discharge valves, it is quiet and has excellent durability.

The spaces 28 and 29 between the cylinder 24 and the screw 22 during suction and compression can maintain an almost completely sealed state, so high suction and high compression are possible, and it is easy to increase the compression ratio.

Since the structure is extremely simple, it is easy to increase the size of large-capacity devices or to reduce the size and weight of small-capacity devices.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1a to 4f show embodiments of the compression mechanism of the present invention, with Figure 1a being a partially longitudinal explanatory view, Figure 1b being a BB sectional view of Figure 1a, and Figure 1c being a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in Figure 1a. An explanatory diagram of a modification of the B-B section in FIG. 1a, FIG. 1d is a D-B sectional view in FIG. 1a, FIG. 1e is an E-E sectional view in FIG. 1a, and FIG. 2a is a cross-sectional view of the screw 22 2b is a sectional view taken along the line B-B in 2a, 2c is a side view taken from the direction of arrow C in 2a, and 3a is an explanatory diagram of the cylinder 24. 3b is 3a. Figure 3c is a cross-sectional view taken along CC in Figure 3a, Figure 3d is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D in Figure 3a, and Figure 3e is a side view taken from the direction of arrow E in Figure 3a. FIG. 3F is a side view seen from the direction of arrow F in FIG. 3A, and FIGS. 4A to 4F are explanatory diagrams of the order of operation steps. Figures 5a to 7b relate to the first embodiment including the variable speed mechanism, Figure 5a is a partially longitudinal explanatory diagram, Figure 5b is a BB sectional view of Figure 5a, and Figure 5c 250. The figure is an explanatory diagram of the band-like shape, and Figures 6a to 6e are explanatory diagrams of the order of operation steps.
251: Seal 26: Casing 262: Left side lid 266: Left side lid 268: Discharge hole 28: Left space 30: Arrow 29: Right space 31: Variable speed mechanism 264: Groove 267: Suction hole

Claims (1)

[Claims] Consisting of a screw 22 and a cylinder 24, the screw 22 has a spiral band 222 formed around a cylindrical main body 220, and the cylinder 24 has a cylindrical inner surface. A strip 242 having the same shape as the strip 222 is formed, and an inlet 247 and an outlet 248 are provided at both ends in the axial direction, and the screw 22 is coaxially mounted in the cylinder 24. , and so as to be rotatable, and to seal between the strip 222 and the inner surface of the cylinder 24 and between the strip 242 and the main body 220, and to isolate each other between the strip 222 and the strip 242. The compressor is assembled so that a left space 28 and a right space 29 are created, and a screw 22 and a cylinder 24 rotate in the same direction in a casing 26 at alternate speeds.