JPH02176095A - Tunnel excavator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To contrive an excavating bit to be uniformly abraded by arranging one or a plurality of the rotary cutters of outer diameters smaller than those of respective circles, for enabling the cutters to rotate and revolve both on their axes and around the internal sections of the respective circles, without permitting the cutters to come in contact with other adjacent rotary cutters. CONSTITUTION:An excavator 1 is provided with a cocoon-shaped shield external- drum 11, sun cutters 3, 43 arranged on centers to revolve on their own axes, and two sets of planet cutters 4a, 4b, 44a, 44b arranged on the same diameter line for enabling them to revolve both on their own axes and around. On the cutters 4a, 4b or the like, a plurality of bits 8a, 8b or the like are respectively fitted. Then, the cutters 3, 43, the cutters 4a, 4b, and the like are respectively revolved on their own axes by a driving gear, and by another driving gear, the cutters 4a, 4b, and the like are revolved around, and cutter groups 2, 42 are rotated in the directions opposite to each other and at the same time, a cross section for excavation is excavated. Accordingly, the abrasion of the excavating bits can be uniformed and can be reduced.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a multiple tunnel excavator used for constructing underground double-track subway roads and the like.

(Conventional technology) Conventionally, by excavation work using one shield machine,
For example, a tunnel excavator that excavates and forms a horizontal shaft having a cross-sectional shape of a cross section through the trench of an underground structure such as a double-track subway road is shown in FIGS. 3(a) and 3(b). As shown in FIG.
32b, substantially cross-shaped spokes 33a, 33b were provided. The center shaft 31 is attached to the partition wall 35 via a bearing/seal 34, and the drive device 3
When each rotary cutter 30a, 30b rotates by 6,
The spokes 33a and 33b are arranged in a meshing relationship like the teeth of a gear so that they do not come into contact with each other.

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) However, as the cutting cross section of the tunnel becomes larger, the number of excavation bins 32a and 32b must be increased, and the number of cutter spokes 33a and 33b must also be increased. . Also, the cutter spoke 3 of the adjacent circle
When a large number of cutter spokes 33a and 33b rotate due to the relationship between cutter spokes 3a and 33b that mesh like gears, it is possible to horizontally build a multiple tunnel where the centers of adjacent circles are close by moving the circles away from each other to avoid collision. The problem was that it became difficult.

Furthermore, the excavation bits 32a and 32b have many problems, such as the cutting length increasing toward the outer periphery and the amount of wear increasing, and the agitation effect decreasing due to the low rotation speed of the large-diameter excavator.

Although illustrations and detailed explanations are omitted, synchronized control that allows collision-free movement in multiple tunnel excavators when the cutter spokes are on the same plane has already been put into practical use, both mechanically and electrically. has been done.

This invention was made to solve the problem of refusing,
The purpose is to provide a tunnel excavator that can uniformly and reduce wear on the excavation bit without increasing the number of cutter spokes or requiring huge cutter spokes.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a tunnel excavation machine that obtains an excavation cross section having a shape in which a plurality of circles having a rotary cutter share a part. It is characterized in that one or more rotary cutters smaller than the diameter are arranged so that each inward direction can rotate and revolve without contacting the rotary cutter that is in contact with v4.

(Function) With the above configuration, according to the present invention, the rotary cutter revolves while rotating on its own axis, and can perform smooth excavation without contacting the entire excavation cross section with each other.

Moreover, since each rotary cutter has a smaller outer diameter than the other rotary cutters, the force applied to the cutter spokes is also reduced, making it possible to reduce the size of the cutter spokes. In addition, as mentioned earlier, the rotary cutter excavates while rotating and revolving around its axis, so each bit installed on the rotary cutter excavates an average excavation area, which equalizes the wear of the bits. It has the advantage of being

(First Embodiment) FIGS. 1(a), (b), and (C) show the overall configuration of a tunnel excavating machine according to the present invention, and the double tunnel excavating machine 1 of this embodiment is , two cutter groups 2 and 4 that move so as not to collide when the cutters are on the same plane.
Consists of 2.

That is, each of the canter groups 2.42 is arranged in a planetary gear train R4Q, and each cutter does not actually mesh with each other to rotate, but it has a sun cutter 3.43 arranged rotatably at the center. , has two planetary cutters 4a, 4b, 44a, 44b arranged on the same radial line and revolving around the sun cutter 3.43 while rotating.

In the figure, 11 is a shield outer cylinder made of, for example, a steel plate, and when two circles with the same diameter are placed side by side so that the distance between their centers is larger than the radius of the circle but smaller than the diameter. The outer circumferential edges of the two circles form a so-called cocoon or daruma shape. Further, 13 is a face mud chamber formed on the front end side of this shield outer cylinder 11, and 2.42 is a face mud chamber formed on the front end side of this shield outer cylinder 11, and 2.42 is a rotation center centered on the two circles forming the cross-sectional outline of the outer cylinder 11, as described above. Two rotary cutter groups, these rotary cutter groups 2, 42 include one solar cutter 3.43 and two planetary cutters 4a, 4b, 44.
a, 44b.

Here, since the configurations of the two cutter groups 2.42 are completely the same, the configuration of one of the cutter groups 2 will be explained below.

The planetary cutters 4a and 4b each have a shaft 5a in the center.
, 5b, and these shafts 5a, 5b are attached to a rotating bulkhead 15 (described later) via seals/bearings 6a, 6b, and are provided with approximately cross-shaped cutter spokes 7a, 7b, and a front surface of each canter spoke 7a, 7b. A plurality of attached bits Ha, 8b, a plurality of stirring blades 9a, 9b attached to the rear surfaces of the cutter spokes 7a, 7b, and a plurality of bits 8a connected to the outer peripheries of the cutter spokes 7a, 7b on the front surface. , 8b are provided with annular members 10a and 10b.

Further, the solar cutter 3 includes the aforementioned planetary cutters 4a, 4.
It is provided at the front of the central part of the hole 4b to supplement the excavated cross section left uncut by the planetary cutters 4a and 4b. This sun cutter 3 is equipped with a shaft 16 in the center, and this shirt H6 is attached to a rotating bulkhead 15, which will be described later, via a seal/bearing 20, and has an approximately X-shaped cutter spoke 17 and a front surface of this cutter spoke 17. The cutter spoke 17 has a plurality of bits 18 attached thereto, and an annular member 19 that connects the outer periphery of the cutter spoke 17 and has a plurality of bits 18 on its front surface.

A partition wall 12 is provided in front of the shield outer cylinder 11, and the face mud chamber 13 is defined by the partition wall 12 and the inner peripheral wall in front of the shield outer cylinder 11. This partition wall 12 is connected to an outer circumferential partition wall 14 that stands upright inward from the inner circumferential wall of the shield outer cylinder 11, and is located inside this outer circumferential partition wall 14 via a bearing/seal 2S.
b and solar cutter 3, respectively, and is constituted by a rotating partition wall 15 that is driven.

The shaft 16 passes through the center of the rotating bulkhead 15 and is connected to the drive device 21, and the shafts 5a, 5
b passes through the periphery of the rotating partition wall 15 and is connected to an autorotation drive device 22.22. Further, 23 is a center shaft which is integrally connected to the rotating partition wall 15,
It is attached to a support plate 25 via a bearing/seal 24. This center shaft 23 is connected to a drive device 26, and the planetary cutter 4a4b revolves around the sun cutter 3 by this center shaft 23. In addition, 2
7 is a shield jack, which serves to move the entire double tunnel excavating machine 1 forward.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained.

In this double tunnel excavator l, as mentioned above,
The sun cutter 3 is driven by a drive device 21, and the planetary cutters 4a, 4b are driven by drive devices 22, 22 (
The solar cutter 3 is rotated (on its own axis) and also revolves around the sun cutter 3 by the drive device 26. At this time, the two circular rotary cutter groups 2.42 can excavate the entire excavation cross section without contacting each other while rotating in opposite directions.

Figure 1 (as shown in C1, two cutter groups 2°4
Each drive device 22a, 22b of 2 also has a center shaft 23.
The driving devices 22a and 22b are also meshed with each other like the teeth of a gear, so they can revolve without contacting each other.

Also, the solar cutter 3 and the mm cutter 4a.

Since 4b is a cutter smaller than each circle, its diameter is smaller than that of a rotary cutter that excavates the entire circle, so the force applied to cutter spokes 7a, 7b, and 17 is also smaller.
Therefore, the sizes of the spokes 7a, 7b, and 17 can also be reduced. Furthermore, the stirring capacity of the stirring blades 9a and 9b attached to the back surfaces of the planetary cutters 4a and 4b increases as the rotational speed of the cutters increases, making it possible to perform a wide range of stirring with one stirring blade. Become.

Furthermore, since the individual excavation bits 8a, 8b, 1B provided on each rotary cutter excavate a substantially average excavation area, the amount of wear is uniform and the excavation bits are used effectively. have

By the way, the excavated earth and sand from the face enters the face mud chamber 13, and if the other pile is a sandy soil layer such as a sand layer or gravel layer, it is poured into the face mud chamber 13 from a mud material injection pipe (not shown). For example, a mud material such as bentonite, a CMC aqueous solution, or an air-entraining agent mixed with air bubbles is injected, and the excavated soil that has entered the face mud chamber 13 is transferred to the stirring blade 9.
It is stirred at points a and 9b and converted into fluid and impermeable mud.

This mud fills the face mud chamber 13, and a pressure gauge (
(not shown), and the shield jacket 11 is propelled by the shield jack 27. At this time, excavation management is performed to prevent the face from collapsing while adjusting the amount of soil removed by an earth removal device such as the screw conveyor 29, for example.

In the above embodiments, the rotation directions of the solar cutter 3 or the planetary cutters 4a, 4b may be the same or opposite to each other. However, if the two cutters #2.42 revolve in the same direction, they will collide, so they will be in opposite directions.

(Second Embodiment) FIGS. 2(a) and 2(b) show the overall configuration of a tunnel excavator according to another embodiment of the present invention.

According to this embodiment, dual tunnel excavation ii.

is equipped with two rotary cutters 2', 42", each rotary cutter 2', 42" being smaller than the outer diameter of each circle, and these shafts 5', 5' are connected to the rotary bulkhead. It is mounted eccentrically with respect to the center shaft 23' at a 15° angle, and revolves while rotating on its own axis.

That is, each rotary cutter 2', 42° can rotate without contacting each other, thereby making it possible to excavate the entire excavation cross section.

Note that the details of the mechanism are the same as those of the first embodiment described above, so a description thereof will be omitted.

(Effects of the Invention) As explained above, the present invention provides a tunnel excavation machine that obtains an excavation cross section having a shape in which a plurality of circles having a rotary cutter share a part of the cutter. By arranging the rotary cutter so that it can rotate and revolve within each circle without contacting adjacent rotary cutters, there is no need to increase the number of cutter spokes or huge cutter spokes, and the drilling bit can be easily Wear can be evened out and reduced.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1(a) is a front view of a tunnel excavation machine according to the present invention;
FIG. 1(b) is a longitudinal sectional view, FIG. 1(C) is a sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 2) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view, Figure 3 (a
l is a front view of a conventional double tunnel excavator, Fig. 3 fb
1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view. !・・・・・・Double tunnel boring machine 2, 2', 4
2.42'...Canter group 3.43...Sun cutter 4 a, 4 b, 44a, 44b H planetary cutter 5
a, 5b, 16.5°...Shaft 7a, 7b, 17...Cutter spoke 8a, 8b
, 18... Bits 9a, 9b... Stirring blades 10a, lOb, 19... Annular members 15, 15
' ・・・Rotating bulkhead

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a tunnel excavation machine that obtains an excavation cross section having a shape in which a plurality of circles having rotary cutters share a part, one or more rotary cutters smaller than the outer diameter of each circle are connected to adjacent rotary cutters. A tunnel excavator characterized by being arranged so that it can rotate and revolve within each circle without contacting the cutter.