JPH02161024A - Excavator with crane - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make possible excavation work and hanging work by housing a crane mechanism capable of expanding lengthwise to the inside of a boom, and expanding the crane mechanism from the vicinity of a coupling point of the boom and an arm. CONSTITUTION:In case moving from excavation work to crane work, a middle boom 17 and a head bood 18 are expanded from a root boom 16 of a crane mechanism 15, and are moved upward of a heavy weight thing hanging up a head 19. Then, a winder is operated, a wire 20 is rewound from a winding drum to control the length of the wire 20, and a hook receiver 21 is moved up and down to approach a hook 22 to the upper part of the heavy weight thing. After that, a ball hanging is made to the hook 22 to hang up the heavy weight thing. In addition, each of booms 17 and 18 is expanded from the root boom 16 to move a position of the heavy weight thing.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention is applicable to excavating earth and sand in civil engineering and construction work,
This invention relates to an excavator used for soil removal work, and in particular to an excavator with a crane characterized in that the crane mechanism is housed inside the boom of the excavator so that the crane mechanism is not exposed from the outside. .

[Conventional technology]

2. Description of the Related Art Excavators that have a boom and an arm connected to each other and a bucket attached to the tip of the arm have been widely used for trenching and hole digging. This excavator (also called a backhoe) has been widely used in road construction and burial work.

The function of this excavator is to dig deep into the ground, and it is extremely effective in excavating large amounts of earth and sand with mechanical power, and its work efficiency is significantly improved compared to manual labor. It is something to do.

Now, at trench digging and hole digging work sites, in addition to the work of digging out the earth and sand, there is also the work of burying pipes and humid pipes after digging them, and covering the holes with iron plates etc. This was something that would occur. When lifting heavy objects, there is no problem if the work can be done manually, but when lifting heavy fume pipes, iron plates, etc., it is recommended to use a special crane truck. It was something that had to be done.

Lifting heavy objects requires a crane mechanism equipped with a specialized safety mechanism to meet the work standards.

However, at sites where excavators are working, there are few work processes in which a crane truck may be used at the same time, and it is usually not possible to prepare two vehicles with separate capabilities at the same time. It's something that doesn't exist. In addition, in work sites where the left and right sides are narrow, it is limited to bringing only an excavator to the site, and it is impossible to bring in additional crane trucks due to the small area. Furthermore, the work of lifting heavy objects can be completed in an extremely short time compared to the work of excavating earth and sand, and if a dedicated crane truck with only the lifting function is used, the actual working time of the crane truck is wasted. It took a lot of time.

For this reason, when lifting a workpiece during excavation work, in the past, it was often necessary to pull the bucket wire of the sub-equipment and move the boom supporting the bucket up and down. The current situation was that people had to lift heavy objects. It is extremely easy to hang a heavy object by hooking a wire to a bucket, but since excavators are not originally designed to lift heavy objects, it is extremely dangerous if the wire comes off. be. In addition, since the excavator was used in a manner that deviated from its original function, the limit of the weight that could be lifted was unknown, and the excavator was forced to perform highly dangerous work.

For this reason, the same inventor as the present applicant has already developed an invention of an excavator having a regular lifting function by connecting a crane mechanism to the excavator.

[Problems to be solved by the invention] As described above, in the past, it was illegal and dangerous to use an excavator as a substitute for a crane, so it had to be avoided. For this reason, the inventor decided to fix a crane mechanism to the side of the boom of the excavator to provide a lifting function. However, if the crane mechanism is attached to the side of the excavator's boom, the appearance of the excavator itself will be unsightly, and since the crane mechanism is exposed to the outside, the crane mechanism may come into contact with other obstacles during excavation work. They were often damaged and were extremely difficult to use.

[Means for solving problems]

The present invention comprises a movable vehicle body, a boom that is bent into a dogleg shape on the vehicle body and can swing up and down, an arm connected to the tip of the boom so as to be able to swing up and down, and the arm. In an excavator that has a bucket and a bucket that is swingably connected to the tip of the boom, a crane mechanism that can extend and contract in the length direction of the boom is housed inside the boom, and the crane mechanism is operated from near the connection point between the boom and the arm. The present invention provides an excavator with a crane that is extendable and retractable.

[Effect]

The present invention shows a structure in which a crane mechanism is housed inside a cavity of a boom. When lifting heavy objects, the arm is bent close to the inside of the boom, and the bucket is stored under the boom. When the crane mechanism is extended or contracted, the crane mechanism extends from the vicinity of the connection point between the boom and the arm, and the crane mechanism that has been extended can lift heavy objects. Since the crane mechanism can be housed in the internal cavity of the boom, the crane mechanism is not exposed to the outside during excavation work. Therefore, it is possible to prevent an accident in which an obstacle comes into contact with the crane mechanism, and the cause of a failure can be prevented.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

A front wheel 2 and a rear wheel 3 are pivotally supported on the front, rear, left and right sides of the vehicle body l, respectively, and an annular crawler 4 is wound around between the front wheel 2 and the rear wheel 3. On the top of this car body 1, there is a
A swivel table 5 that can rotate in 360 directions is mounted on the swivel table 5, and a boom 6 bent in a slightly dogleg shape is pivoted at the center of the front surface of the swivel table 5 so as to be able to swing vertically. .

Two hydraulic cylinders 7 are interposed between the left and right sides of the boom roller at a slightly intermediate position and the swivel base 5, and the hydraulic cylinders 7 are configured to allow the boom 6 to rise and fall up and down. An arm 8 is connected to the tip of the boom 6, and a bucket 9 is connected to the tip of the arm 8. A hydraulic cylinder 10 is interposed between the boom 6 and the arm 8, and a hydraulic cylinder 11 is also interposed between the arm 8 and the bucket 9. A cabin 12 in which a driving car appears is fixed on the upper surface of the swivel base 5 on the front side, and a drive mechanism 13 housing an engine and the like is mounted on the rear of the swivel base 5. . These structures are the same as those of conventionally well-known excavators.

A crane mechanism 15 is housed inside the straight portion on the tip side of the boom 6 bent into the dogleg shape. This crane mechanism 15 has a built-in hydraulic cylinder, and can be expanded and contracted in two stages as a whole, and has a conventionally known structure.

The crane mechanism 15 consists of a main boom 16 fixed to the boom 6, a middle boom 17 housed inside the main boom 16 so as to be able to move forward and backward, and a tip boom 18 that is inserted into the middle boom 17 so as to move forward and backward. It has a structure that can be expanded and contracted in two stages. The length of the base boom 16 is approximately the same as the length from the center to the tip of the boom 6, and the opening at the tip of the base boom 16 is located near the connection point between the boom 6 and the arm 8. And the first boom 1
A head 19 housing a pulley, etc. for reversing the wire 20 is fixed at the tip of the wire 8.
A hook receiver 21 is suspended from the wire 20 hanging from the wire 9, and a hook 22 is fixed to the lower end of the hook receiver 21. Further, a winding machine 25 is fixed to the center of the back side of the boom 6, and one end of the wire 20 is wound around a winding drum 26 of this winding machine 25. This wire 20 extends in the direction of the head 19, is reversed within the head 19, and is directed in the direction of the hook receiver 21.

Next, FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the head 19 and the hook receiver 21.

The hook receiver 21 has the shape of a steel plate bent into a slightly U-shape, and the lower end opening of the U-shape is directed downward, and the shaft support plates 30 and 31 on both sides are vertically arranged. It is located. And this shaft support plate 30.31
Pulleys 32, 33 are inserted between them, respectively, and the pulleys 32, 33 are rotatably supported by a shaft 34 held by a shaft support plate 30, 31. Further, a U-shaped reversing body 35 is connected to the outside of the shaft support plate 30.31, and the reversing body 35 is supported by a shaft 36 on the shaft support T&30.31.

This shaft 36 is located slightly ahead of the boom 1 than the shaft 34.
It is shifted to the 8 side. Also, on both sides of the shaft support plates 30, 31, at a position above the shaft 34, stoppers 37 which come into contact with the reversing body 35 are fixed and project from the left and right.

Further, a pulley 38 is pivotally supported inside the hook receiver 21. The aforementioned wire 20 is pulled out from the winding drum 26, first turned downward by the boob IJ-32, and then turned upward by the pulley 38 in the hook receiver 21. Next, the direction of the upwardly directed wire 20 is reversed downward by a pulley 33, and the tip of the wire 20 is connected to the upper part of the hook receiver 21.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained.

FIGS. 1 and 2 show the state of the excavator when lifting a heavy object using the crane mechanism 15. The hydraulic cylinders 10 and 11 are extended to the maximum extent, and the arm 8 is rotated so as to face the underside of the boom 6, and the bucket 9 is retracted and stored at the bottom of the boom 6. be. When operating the crane mechanism 15, these hydraulic cylinders 10.
11 is not activated.

In this state, the hook receiver 21 of the crane set 15 can be slung and the work of lifting a heavy object can be carried out.

First, the middle boom 17 and the front boom 18 are extended along their lengths from the main boom 16, and the head 19 is moved to a position above the heavy object to be lifted. and winder 2
5 is operated to unwind the wire 20 from a winding drum 26 to adjust the length of the wire 20, and by moving the hook receiver 21 up and down, the hook 22 is brought close to the top of the heavy object. Thereafter, heavy objects can be lifted by hanging them on the hooks 22. This lifting is performed by operating the winding machine 25 to pull up the wire 20, but if necessary, the hydraulic cylinder 7 is extended or contracted to adjust the elevation angle of the boom 6, and the crane mechanism 15
It is also possible to change the overall angle of inclination.

The position of the heavy object is moved by extending and contracting the middle boom] 7 and the front boom 8 from the main boom 16. However, if the distance to be moved is long, the crawler 4 By activating and moving the entire vehicle body 1, heavy objects can be carried to another work site.

Next, a description will be given of the procedure for stopping the work of suspending heavy objects in FIGS. 1 and 2 and proceeding to the work of excavation.

First, the wire is wound in the direction of the winding drum 26 by activating the winding device 25 and rotating the winding drum 26. Therefore, the wire 20 is wound up one after another, and the hook receiver 21 is pulled upward while rotating the pulleys 32, 33, and 38. This state is the state shown in FIG. 7A.

When the wire 20 is wound up, the hook receiver 21 will eventually come into contact with the lower end of the inverter 35 (seventh
(See Figure B), when this state is reached, the hook receiver 21 cannot be lifted any further.

When the wire 20 is further wound up, since the hook receiver 21 is in contact with the lower surface of the inverter 38, the bowing force acts on the shaft 36 in the direction of lifting up the hook receiver 21 and the inverter 35 as a whole. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 7C, the hook receiver 21 and the inverter 35 are rotated upward about the shaft 36, and the inverter 35 is rotated until it contacts the stopper 31. Then, the hook receiver 21 and the reversible body 35 are fixed to the stopper 37, and the hook receiver 21 and the reversible body 35 are held integrally with the head 19. Therefore, the hook receiver 21 and the hook 22 hang down from the lower part of the head 19 and do not swing and receive the hook, but are fixed integrally with the head 19.

Thereafter, the middle boom 17 and the front boom 18 are each pulled toward the original boom 16 to shorten the overall length of the crane mechanism 15. At this time, the rotational speed of the winding drum 26 of the winding machine 25 is adjusted in synchronization with the moving distances of the boom 17 and the front boom 18 to maintain a state in which the reversing body 35 does not separate from the stopper 37. In this way, when the swinging body 35 is held in contact with the stopper 37, the boom 6
and the arm 8, even if the middle boom 17 and the front boom 18 are moved, the hook receiver 21 and the hook 2
2 can be smoothly stored inside the boom 6 without contacting the boom 6, the arm 8, etc.

In this manner, the middle boom 17 and the front boom 18 are contracted and the crane mechanism 15 is housed within the boom 6, as shown in FIG. 3.

In the state shown in Fig. 3, the crane machine [15] is not exposed from the outside, and the appearance is the same as that of a normal excavator. This allows the boom 6, arm 8, and bucket 9 to be interlocked to perform conventionally known excavation work.

〔Effect of the invention〕

Since the present invention is constructed as described above, the same excavator can perform the work of digging up earth and sand and the work of suspending heavy objects, and both functions can exhibit their respective abilities. When lifting heavy objects,
Because it uses a dedicated crane mechanism, heavy objects can be lifted reliably and safely, and it can be used legally, rather than illegally by hooking a wire onto the bucket as with conventional excavators. becomes.

In addition, the entire crane mechanism can be stored in the internal cavity of the boom, so the crane mechanism is not exposed from the outside.
It has an extremely smart form. Further, since the crane mechanism is not exposed to the outside, obstacles do not come into contact with the crane mechanism during excavation work, and causes of failure can be prevented.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an excavator with a crane showing an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a side view showing the above crane mechanism in an extended state, and Fig. 3 shows the crane mechanism housed in the boom. Side view showing the state for performing excavation work, No. 4
The figure is a partially cutaway side view showing the excavation mechanism inside the boom, Figure 5 is an enlarged view showing the configuration of the crane mechanism near the tip of the boom, and Figure 6 is an enlarged view showing the vicinity of the head. FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing the operation of the hook receiver and the reversing body. 6...Boom, 8...Arm, 15...Crane mechanism, 16...Original boom, ]7...Medium boom, 18
... Tip boom, 19 ... Head, 20 ... Wire, 21 ... Hook receiver, 22 ... Hook.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A movable vehicle body, a boom bent into a dogleg shape on the vehicle body that can swing up and down, an arm connected to the tip of the boom so that it can swing up and down, and a swinging device attached to the tip of the arm. An excavator having a movably connected bucket, characterized in that a crane mechanism that can extend and contract in the length direction of the boom is housed inside the boom, and the crane mechanism is extended and contracted from near the connection point between the boom and the arm. An excavator with a crane.