JPH058994A - Hook receiving mechanism for crane - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To automatically take in a hook hung with a wire on the extreme end of a crane on the arm side after the use, in a crane which is used for hanging and moving an object of heavy weight. CONSTITUTION:The hook receiving mechanism of a crane is constituted of an arm 7 capable of swinging up and down, a hoist 45 fixedly secured with the arm 7, a wire 46 of which one end is wound with the hoist 45 and the other end is downward hung at the extreme end part of the arm 7, a hook body 48 connected to the wire 46, and a reversal body 59 fitted to the extreme end of the arm 7 capably of swinging. When the lifted hook body 48 is contacted with the reversal body 59, the hook body 48 together with the reversal body 59 are rotationally moved in the direction of the base part of the arm 7 so as to take up the hook body 48 on this side of the arm 7.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a crane used when hoisting and moving heavy objects in civil engineering and construction work, and in particular, a hook that is always used for hanging the crane can be automatically taken into the arm side. The present invention relates to a crane hook storage mechanism.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In construction work such as construction work and road construction work, or in cargo handling work such as loading and unloading a load on a truck bed, an arm that can swing up and down and turn left and right is used. A crane was used in which a wire was suspended and a hook was connected to this wire. In conventional cranes, by hanging slings on hooks, stone materials, fume pipes, heavy machinery, etc. can be lifted and moved to a desired place. For this reason, it has become possible to improve work efficiency without manually transferring or lifting heavy objects.

In this crane, the wire is suspended from the arm and the hook is pulled up by this wire. Therefore, when the arm is swung, the hook at the lower end of the hanging wire swings. When the crane is moved to another work place, if the hook swings, it may collide with a building and cause a damage accident, or may collide with a personnel and cause a personal injury. For this reason, the hook had to be fixed so as not to shake when the crane function was not used. Conventionally, when the lifting function is not used, the hook is hooked on the crane body, or in a crane-mounted truck, the hook is hooked on a part of the vehicle body and the wire is stretched to fix it.

However, the hook must be removed before the lifting work of heavy objects, and the hook must be fixed after the lifting work is completed. It required work and was annoying. Also, with a crane-mounted truck, it is necessary to lift and hang heavy objects while they are being transported, so the burden on the driver is heavy if any other preparatory work or end work is required. Was there.

However, at the site where the excavator is working, there are few work processes in which the mobile crane may be used at the same time, and it is usually necessary to prepare two vehicles having individual capabilities at the same time. It is impossible.
In addition, at work sites where the both sides of the site are narrow, it is limited to introduce only an excavator into the site, and it was impossible to carry more crane trucks to the site in this state than in the narrow work terrain. Furthermore, the work of hoisting heavy objects is completed in an extremely short time compared to the digging work of earth and sand,
If a dedicated mobile crane having only a hoisting function is to be used, a wasteful time will be required for the dispatch time of the mobile crane.

For this reason, when lifting a work in the middle of a work for digging earth and sand, conventionally, a wire is often hooked on a bucket of an excavator and a boom supporting the bucket is moved up and down to lift a heavy object. It was the current situation. It is extremely easy to hook a wire on a bucket and lift a heavy object.

[0007]

Therefore, in the work of hoisting a heavy object by the crane, unless the work for fixing and releasing the hooks and the work for ending the work are required, the burden on the worker is reduced and the workability is reduced. Will be improved. Moreover, if the hook can be fixed and released in the same manner as a normal crane operation, the worker does not feel uncomfortable and no special training is required.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, an arm capable of swinging up and down, a hoisting machine fixed to the arm, one end of which is wound up by the hoisting machine, and the other end of which is downward at the tip of the arm. In a crane composed of a suspended wire and a hook body connected to this wire, the crane is swingably attached to the tip of the arm and comes into contact with the suspended hook body in the direction of the base of the arm together with the hook body. A hook storage mechanism for a crane, which is provided with a pulling mechanism that rotates to pull up a hook body.

[0009]

In the present invention, the wire is hung from the tip of the arm and the hook is connected to the wire. Since an inversion body that can swing with respect to the arm is provided between the arm and the hook, when the hook is hung up by a wire, the hook comes into contact with the inversion body, and the rotation axis of this inversion body is increased. Since the core is deviated from the hanging shaft core of the wire, the hook and the reversing body rotate so as to be drawn toward the front side of the arm, and both are folded and fixed on the arm side. This operation can be automatically performed only by continuously winding the wire after the hanging work is completed, and the worker can fix the hook without any discomfort. Also, the structure is simple in structure, and the fixing work and the releasing work of the hook can be operated as they are by simply modifying a part of the conventional crane.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an external perspective view showing a state in which a conventional crane is attached to an excavator (backhoe).

First, crawlers 2 are attached to the lower left and right sides of a vehicle body 1 which houses an engine, a hydraulic pressure generator, etc.
The crawler 2 allows the vehicle body 1 to move freely. A boom 3 bent in a slightly V shape is connected to the center of the front surface of the vehicle body 1 so as to be capable of swinging in the vertical direction, and the center of the boom 3 and the front portion of the vehicle body 1 are depressed. They are connected by a hydraulic cylinder 4.

A linear outer arm 5 is connected to the front end of the boom 3 so as to be vertically swingable, and an angle correction member is provided between the rear portion of the outer arm 5 and the rear surface of the boom 3. A hydraulic cylinder 6 is interposed. The outer arm 5 is formed by bending a steel plate so as to have a quadrangular cross section, and an inner arm 7 having a quadrangular cross section is inserted into the outer arm 5 so as to be slidable along its length. is there.
A bucket 8 is swingably connected to the tip of the inner arm 7.

Then, levers 9 and 10 for forming a link mechanism are formed between the tip of the inner arm 7 and the rear portion of the bucket 8.
The levers 9 and 10 have a slightly triangular shape with their ends tied together, and the cylinder rod 12 of the bucket cylinder 11 is connected to the apexes of the levers 9 and 10. Guide rails 13 each having an L-shaped cross section are fixed to the left and right corners of the upper surface of the outer arm 5, and a slider 14 is provided between the guide rails 13 so as to be movable in the length direction. It has been inserted. A pair of trapezoidal shaft support plates 15 are fixed on the upper surface of the slider 14 with a space therebetween, and the base of the bucket cylinder 11 is inserted between the shaft support plates 15 to form a support. And bucket cylinder 11 is pin 16
It is swingably connected by.

A hoisting machine 45 composed of a motor and a winch is fixed to the rear portion of the slider 14. Wire 4 pulled out from this winding machine 45
6 extends to the front of the outer arm 5, is inverted by a pulley 47 at the tip of the outer arm 5, and the wire 46 is guided between the outer arm 5 and the inner arm 7 to the rear portion of the outer arm 5. It Then, after being inverted at the rear part of the outer arm 5, the tip of the wire 46 is pulled out under the tip of the inner arm 7, and a hook body 48 is connected to the wire 46. A hook 49 is fixed to the lower portion of the hook body 48, and the hook 49 is attached to the inner arm 7
Hook receiver 5 attached to the lower surface of the tip of the hook in a U shape
It is hooked and fixed to 0 when not in use.

Next, FIG. 2 shows the internal structure of the outer arm 5 in the conventional excavator, showing a synchronizing mechanism of the inner arm 7 and the slider 14, and a lifting mechanism. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the inner arm 7 is pushed out from the outer arm 5 in the structure shown in FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line XX in FIG. 2, and FIG. 5 is a synchronizing mechanism of the inner arm 7 and the slider 14,
It is an exploded perspective view of a lifting mechanism.

A hydraulic cylinder 17 for expansion and contraction is inserted in the inner center of the inner arm 7 so as to be parallel to the lengthwise direction thereof, and the base of the hydraulic cylinder 17 is the rear end of the outer arm 5 (see FIG. 2), the cylinder rod 18 of the hydraulic cylinder 17 is connected to the inner center of the inner arm 7.

Next, a sprocket wheel 20 is pivotally supported on the upper end of the outer arm 5, and a sprocket wheel 21 is pivotally supported on the center of the rear part (right side in FIG. 2) of the outer arm 5. The tip of the chain 22 is connected to the front side of the slider 14, and the chain 22 is inverted by the wheel 20, passes between the outer arm 5 and the inner arm 7, and is inverted by the sprocket wheel 21. It is wound in a slightly S-shape, and the other end is connected to the rear end of the inner arm 7. A sprocket wheel 23 is rotatably supported on the upper end of the rear end of the outer arm 5 so that the sprocket wheel 23 is half exposed on the upper surface of the outer arm 5, and is located inside the outer arm 5 and outside the inner arm 7. ,
The sprocket wheel 2 is pivotally supported by the outer arm 5.
4 is pivotally supported. Then, the tip of the chain 25 is connected to the rear part of the slider 14, the chain 25 is inverted by the sprocket wheel 23, inserted between the outer arm 5 and the inner arm 7, and extended in the direction of the bucket 8 to reach the sprocket wheel 24. Inverted with a little S
It is wound in a letter shape, and its rear end is connected to the rear portion of the inner arm 7.

Next, a winding machine 45 is fixed to the rear portion of the slider 14, and a wire 46 wound by the winding machine 45 is reversed by a pulley 47 axially supported on the upper end surface of the outer arm 45 to It is inserted between the arm 5 and the inner arm 7. Further, a pulley 51 is axially supported inside the rear portion of the outer arm 5, and the wire 46 is inverted by the pulley 51 so as to draw an S-shape, and is inserted through the inner center of the inner arm 7. A pulley 52 is pivotally supported at the center of the tip of the inner arm 7, and the introduced wire 46 is directed downward by the pulley 52. Next, the downwardly directed wire 46 is inverted into a U shape, and the tip of the wire 46 is connected to the lower surface of the inner arm 7. A hook body 48 is suspended from the U-shaped wire 46.

When using the conventional excavator with a crane to dig a ditch or a hole, the crawler 2 is driven to move the vehicle body 1 to the place where the excavation is to be performed. Then, the bucket 8 is aligned with the position to be dug, and the hydraulic cylinders 4, 6 and the bucket cylinder 11 are operated in cooperation with each other to swing the bucket 8 in the vertical direction, and dug earth and sand with the bucket 8. You can This operation is the same as that of the conventional excavator.

Next, when deepening the hole or groove to be dug,
The bucket 8 must be moved to a deeper position. In this case, hydraulic pressure is supplied to the hydraulic cylinder 17 to push out the cylinder rod 18. Then, as the hydraulic cylinder 17 and the cylinder rod 18 extend, the inner arm 7 is pushed out of the outer arm 5, and the inner arm 7 slides as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. Therefore, the bucket 8 moves to a position longer than the base of the outer arm 5, so that the bucket 8 can be dug down to a deep position.

At this time, when the inner arm 7 moves with respect to the outer arm 5, the chain 22 is pulled, and the chain 22 is inverted through the sprocket wheel 21,
Slider 1 flipped again by wheel 20
4 is moved toward the open end of the outer arm 5.
When moving the slider 14,
Both ends of are guided by sliding on the guide rails 13,
The bucket cylinder 11 moves simultaneously with the movement of the inner arm 7 in synchronization with the movement amount.

Thus, when the hydraulic cylinder 17 is operated and the cylinder rod 18 is pushed out,
Although the inner arm 7 is pushed out from the outer arm 5, since the bucket cylinder 11 is moved at the same time, the holding angle of the bucket 8 moves while maintaining the same angle, and there is no discomfort in the excavation operation. It can be operated.

When pulling up the earth and sand excavated by the bucket 8, the hydraulic cylinder 17 is first operated to reduce the cylinder rod 18. Then,
The inner arm 7 is pulled inward of the outer arm 5. At this time, since the chain 17 is connected to the rear part of the inner arm 7, the chain 25 is pulled toward the base of the outer arm 5, the chain 25 is inverted by the sprocket wheel 24, and the sprocket wheel 2
It is inverted and pulled at 3, and the slider 14 is pulled up toward the base of the outer arm 5.

Therefore, similarly to the above, when the inner arm 7 moves, the bucket cylinder 11 is also synchronously pulled and moved by the same movement amount, and the bucket 8 is pulled up with the same holding angle. Therefore, the excavated earth and sand will not fall. After that, by operating the hydraulic cylinders 4 and 6 and the bucket cylinder 11 in cooperation with each other, the earth and sand excavated by the bucket 8 can be refilled into a truck standing by behind the vehicle body 1 or transferred to another place. You can

Next, in the case of lifting a heavy object by utilizing the crane function, first, the hook 49 is hooked by the hook receiver 50.
The hook body 48 is freely suspended by the wire 46. Then, by operating the winding machine 45 to loosen the wire 46, the wire 46 is moved to the pulley 4
The hook body 48 is pulled out via 7, 51, 52 and is hung downward from the tip of the inner arm 7. Then, after hooking a heavy object on the hook 49 with a wire or the like, when the hoist 45 is reversed, the wire 46
Is rolled up. Therefore, the hook body 48 hung by the wire 46 is pulled up, and the heavy object is hung up.

When moving a heavy object that has been lifted, when the hydraulic cylinder 17 is operated and the cylinder rod 18 is pushed out, the inner arm 7 slides with respect to the outer arm 5, and the position of the hook body 48 is set to the vehicle body. It will be moved in the direction away from 1. At this time, the slider 14 is moved by the chain 22 in the same manner as described above, and the movement amounts of the slider 14 and the inner arm 7 are synchronized, so that the wire 46 is not slackened or pulled, and has the same length. Since the hook body 48 is pulled out while being held, the hook body 48 does not move up and down due to the sliding of the inner arm 7, and the heavy object can be moved while keeping the height position thereof.

When the heavy object is hoisted by the hook body 48, the bucket cylinder 11 needs to have its length shortened as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, and the bucket 8 needs to be largely rotated upward. is there. Also, the outer arm 5,
When changing the elevation angle of 7, the hydraulic cylinder 6 can be operated to change its inclination angle. In addition,
When the operation of suspending heavy objects is completed, the hook 4
The hook body 48 can be fixed to the lower portion of the inner arm 7 by hooking 9 on the hook receiver 50 and slightly pulling the wire 46.

As described above, in the conventional crane, when the function of the crane is not used, it is necessary to hook the hook 49 on the hook receiver 50 and fix the hook body 48 and the hook 49 so as not to inadvertently swing. there were. Further, when the work of lifting the heavy object is performed, the hook 49 must be pulled off from the hook receiver 50, which is troublesome.

Next, FIG. 6 shows an embodiment of the present invention, which does not require the hook 50 as in the conventional crane shown in FIG.

Inside the tip of the inner arm 7, a U-shaped head 55 that opens downward is attached. Inside this head 55, two first pulleys 57 and a first pulley 57 are provided by a shaft 56. Two pulleys 58 are coaxially supported so that both pulleys 57, 58 can rotate freely. Further, both ends of an inverted body 59 formed by bending a thin plate into a U-shape are pivotally supported by pins 60 at the lower portions on both sides of the head 55 so as to be swingable. Then, as will be described later, the position of the pin 60 is slightly offset from the shaft 56 toward the front side of the inner arm 7 in the bucket direction. Further, at the positions on the left and right side surfaces of the head 55, which are opposite to the pins 60, the reversing body 59 is provided.
A stopper 61, which comes into contact with the side surface of the, protrudes left and right and is fixed. Then, the pulley 6 is provided inside the hook body 48.
2 is pivotally supported, and the wire 46 first has a pulley 5
It is turned downward by about 90 degrees by 7, turned 180 degrees upward by this pulley 62, and then turned 180 degrees downward by the pulley 58. The lower end of the wire 46 directed downward is connected to the upper part of the hook body 48.

Next, the operation of the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

The state shown in FIGS. 6 and 7A is a state in which the wire 46 is loosened from the inner arm 7 and the hook body 48 is suspended. In this state, the hook 49 is slid and the wire 4 is suspended.
A heavy object connected to the hook 49 can be hoisted by hoisting and unwinding 6 by the hoisting machine 45. When you are in the process of hanging,
The reversal body 59 can be freely rotated by a pin 60, is hung downward by its own weight, and is exposed from the lower surface of the inner arm 7.

Next, from the state shown in FIG. 7A, the wire 46 is lifted, and the work for accommodating the hook body 48 is started. When the winding machine 45 is operated to wind up the wire 46, the hook body 48 sequentially rises in the Q direction. Thus hook 48
Is raised, the hook 4 is finally moved as shown in FIG. 7B.
The upper surface of 8 contacts the lower surface of the reversal body 59. When the hook 48 comes into contact with the reversing body 59, normally, the wire 46 cannot be further pulled, and the hook 48
Then, the reversing body 59 will stop at that position. However, the position of the shaft 56, which is the rotation center of the pulleys 57 and 58, and the position of the pin 60, which is the swing center of the reversing body 59, are deviated in the longitudinal direction of the inner arm 7, and the shaft 56 and the pulley 62 are disposed. The pin 60 is slightly deviated in the front direction of the inner arm 7 with respect to the straight line connecting the axes of the. From this, wire 4
When 6 is pulled, the force acts so as to bring the pulleys 57, 58 and the pulley 62 closer to each other, but since the position of the pin 60 is deviated to the front side of this line of action, it is reversed to that action force. A component force that pushes the body 59 to the rear of the inner arm 7 is generated. Therefore, when the hook 48 is in contact with the reversal body 59, both of them rotate in the S direction with the pin 60 as the center of rotation, as shown in FIG. 7C. Then, both the hook 48 and the reversal body 59 are integrally pulled toward the front side of the inner arm 7 (in the direction of the outer arm 5), and are lifted diagonally from the vertically hanging state. Then, the hook 48 and the reversal body 59 are lifted toward the lower surface of the inner arm 7,
Both of them are drawn to the inner space of the inner arm 7, and when the wire 46 is further wound up, the reversing body 59 is finally lifted until it becomes horizontal, and the stopper 61 comes into contact with the side surface of the reversing body 59. The rotation of the hook 48 and the reversal body 59 is stopped and held.

In this state, since the hook body 48 is inverted from the vertical direction to the horizontal direction, the hook 48 and the reversal body 59 are housed in the inner arm 7 and the hook body 4 is fed from the outside.
8 cannot be seen, the inner arm 7 is straight and there is no protrusion on the outer envelope. Therefore, when the bucket 8 is operated to dig the earth and sand, the hook body 48 does not hinder the excavation work.

[0035]

Since the present invention is constructed as described above, when the hook is wound up by the wire, the hook comes into contact with the reversing body which can be swung with respect to the arm. Since the swing axis of the reversing body is deviated to the front side of the arm from the rotation axis of the wire hung from the arm, the hook and the reversing body rotate so as to be drawn toward the front side of the arm, Both are folded and fixed to the arm side. This operation is automatically performed by continuing the operation of winding the wire, and is performed by the same operation as that of the conventional crane for the worker, so that the hook fixing work can be performed without a feeling of discomfort. Also, the structure is simple in structure, and the fixing work and the releasing work of the hook can be operated as they are by simply modifying a part of the conventional crane.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a conventional crane attached to an excavator.

FIG. 2 is a side sectional view showing the internal structure of the outer arm of the excavator.

3 is a side sectional view showing a state in which an inner arm is pulled out from an outer arm in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view taken along line XX in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a skeleton showing a structure of a synchronizing mechanism of an inner arm of an excavator and a slider.

FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of a distal end portion of the inner arm according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a sequence of operations according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 car body 3 boom 5 Outer arm 7 Inner arm 14 Slider 17 hydraulic cylinder 45 hoist 46 wire 48 hook body 49 hook 55 heads 57 First pulley 58 Second pulley 59 Inversion body 60 pin 61 stopper 62 pulley

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. An arm that can swing up and down, a hoisting machine fixed to the arm, a wire whose one end is taken up by the hoisting machine, and the other end hangs downward at the tip of the arm, and this wire. In a crane consisting of a hook body connected to a hook, the arm is swingably attached to the tip of the arm, and the hook body is rotated together with the hook body toward the base of the arm to pull up the hook body. A hook storage mechanism for cranes that is equipped with a lifting mechanism. 2. The hook accommodating mechanism for a crane according to claim 1, wherein the pulling mechanism is a reversing body whose upper end is swingably supported by an arm and whose lower end can contact the hook body. 3. An upper end of the reversing body is pivotally supported by the arm, and a pivotal fulcrum of the reversing body is deviated to the front side from the position where the wire is suspended from the arm. The crane hook storage mechanism described in 2. 4. A vertically swingable arm, a hoisting device fixed to the arm, first and second pulleys rotatably supported at the tip of the arm, and a built-in pulley and a lower part. The hook body having the hook fixed to it and one end of which is taken up by the hoisting machine, is inserted through the arm and comes into contact with the first pulley, and then comes into contact with the pulley of the hook body, and then comes into contact with the second pulley. From a wire whose tip is connected to the hook body, and a reversal body whose upper end is swingably supported at a position deviated to the front side from the axes of the first and second pulleys and whose lower end is directed toward the hook body. Crane hook storage mechanism characterized by being configured. 5. The reversing body is formed in a slightly U-shape, and its both ends are pivotally supported by the arm at positions on the front side of the axes of the first and second pulleys, and the lower portion thereof is the first pulley and the first pulley. The hook accommodating mechanism for a crane according to claim 4, wherein the hook accommodating mechanism is located between the wires hung from the second pulley.