JPH02155490A - High-speed motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To increase torque and the speed of a motor by stopping feed to A phase and B phase from a DC power only in a section, in which armature currents exceed a set value and are lowered up to a specified value, and discharging magnetic energy stored in an armature coil through a diode during stoppage. CONSTITUTION:When exciting currents exceed a set value by the reference voltage of a terminal 40, an output from an AND circuit 43a is brought to a low level because an output from an operational amplifier 40a is brought to the low level, and a transistor 20a is not conducted. Consequently, magnetic energy stored in an armature coil 17a is discharged through a diode 21a, a transistor 20b and a resistor 22a. When discharge currents are lowered up to a specified value, an output is returned to a high level by the hysteresis characteristics of the operational amplifier 40a, the transistors 20a, 20b are conducted again, and armature currents are increased. When discharge currents are elevated up to said set value, the output from the operational amplifier 40a is brought to the low level, the transistor 20a is changed into non-continuity, and armature currents are lowered.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] This invention is used in a reluctance type or three-phase DC motor with a relatively large output. In particular, it is used when rotating at a set output torque or at a high speed.

[Conventional technology]

Although there is no technology to operate a reluctance type electric motor at high speed (approximately 70,000 cycles per minute), it is possible to generate high-frequency alternating current using an induction motor to drive an electric griso motor There is one example. However, although the purpose is the same, the means for achieving the same are different from the technology of the present invention. There are many other high-speed DC motors that use an AC power source and have a relatively large output, but these also have the same purpose, but differ in their means from the device of the present invention.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Currently commercialized converters for electric motors have the following problems to be solved.

First, since only 7 parts of the peak value of the input AC voltage sine wave are energized, large electrical noise is generated when energization is turned on.

Furthermore, the supplied alternating current is pulse-like, which is not desirable from the viewpoint of the power supply side. It is preferable to minimize changes in current.

Secondly, since the current is flowing in a gust-like manner with a high peak value, the capacity of the smoothing capacitor that smooths this to provide a DC power source becomes extremely large, making it large and expensive.

Thirdly, the above-mentioned inverters operated by the output from the inverters have the problem of being expensive and large.

First, if a reluctance type electric motor is used, there are problems that will be described below.

Reluctance type motors cannot have a large number of phases like general commutator motors. This is because the semiconductor circuits for each phase are expensive, making them impractical.

Therefore, the magnetic energy stored in each magnetic pole becomes large, and it takes time to release and store it, resulting in high torque but not high speed.

As for the same problem, especially in the case of a reluctance type electric motor with a large output torque, the armature has many magnetic poles and the gap in the magnetic path is small, so the accumulated magnetic energy is large, and the above-mentioned disadvantages are exacerbated. be done.

This problem becomes more difficult to solve as the torque increases.

A similar problem is that of high-output DC motors,
The same applies to brushless motors (particularly brushless motors, ie semiconductor motors).

The j-th problem is as follows.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems 1 to 3, a chopper circuit is used, but the conventional means for this purpose makes the electric circuit complicated, large and expensive.

[Means to solve problems]

The first means is that in a co-phase electric motor, each phase is the A phase.

If it is called phase B, each phase can be independently energized by two circuits. Therefore, Chiyono 2
As will be described later with reference to FIG. 6(b), the circuit consists of a
Only two phase systems are required.

The above-mentioned situation is the same for a three-phase electric motor. That is, when using a reluctance type or brushless semiconductor as a motive, it can be considered that there are two systems of energization, a human phase and a B phase, as will be explained in detail with reference to FIGS. 6(C) and 7. Therefore, two circuits are required for two circuits. The two circuits described above detect the armature current for each of the A phase and B phase using the detection circuit, and when the armature current exceeds the set value, Only in the section where it drops to a predetermined value,
The DC power supply stops supplying power to phases A and B, and during the standstill, the magnetic energy stored in the armature coil is discharged through the diode, and when the discharge current drops by a predetermined value, power supply starts again. is configured to be

Therefore, in addition to the conventional means of controlling the armature current, that is, the excitation current of the motor, using position detection signals,
The chopper circuit described above controls the armature current (exciting current) to a specified armature current value using a reference voltage regardless of the applied voltage.

The first means is to select the voltage of the AC power source so that the above-mentioned armature current value is obtained by a voltage that is H or less than the peak value of the voltage of the AC power source.

The third means is to transfer the magnetic energy accumulated in the armature coil to the primary energized first armature coil when performing energization control with a fixed width in electrical angle based on the position detection signal of the armature coil. Means for converting into stored magnetic energy is employed. For this purpose, the 1-position detection signal is arranged as described below.

In the case of an A-phase reluctance motor, there are two methods.

The first means is that the position detection signal has a width of 90 degrees in electrical angle and is continuous without being superimposed in time,
It is a single-phase position detection signal.

The second means is that the position detection signal has a width of iro degrees in electrical angle and does not overlap in time, as well as the position detection signal of phase B, which has a phase difference of qo degrees in electrical angle. It is a detection signal.

In the case of a three-phase reluctance type or brushless electric motor, the position detection signal has a width of 120 degrees in electrical angle, and the position detection signal of a continuous human face and these in electrical angle are not overlapped in time. This is a B-phase position detection signal with a phase difference of 60 degrees.

[Effect]

Since the armature current is controlled by the chopper circuit so that the armature current value corresponds to the load, if the applied voltage of the motor exceeds the set value, the busy armature current will be set to the predetermined value corresponding to the load, regardless of the applied voltage. held in value. Therefore, by setting the peak value of the AC voltage to be more than twice the voltage at which the above-mentioned setting is obtained, the width of the voltage that contributes to the armature current can be reduced to about % during the half cycle. Become.

Therefore, the energized period on the power supply AC side becomes wider, and the
Norse-like energization only in the vicinity of the voltage peak value, which happens every day, is avoided, and the generation of mechanical and electrical noise is prevented.

Therefore, the first. Second. The third problem is solved.

1st. The second means has the effect of solving the fifth problem. In the section where the position detection signal is present, the armature current is maintained at the set value by chopper control, and only at the end of the period, the stored magnetic energy of the armature coil is converted to the stored magnetic energy of the armature coil to be energized next. As a result, the discharge current is rapidly extinguished, and at the same time, the rise of the current flowing through the next armature coil is made rapid. Therefore, a high-speed, high-torque electric motor can be achieved.

For the above-mentioned effect, power is supplied from the applied DC power source via a diode, or a capacitor connected in parallel to the power source is used in addition to this. A well-known means for achieving high speed and high torque achieves the objective by increasing the applied voltage, but this means has the disadvantage of deteriorating efficiency and has a limit to high speed, generally 7000 Upwind every rotation is not possible.

According to the means of the present invention, as described above, since the width of the rising current at the starting end of the position detection signal and the width of the falling current at the terminal end can be made small, the occurrence of reduced torque and counter torque is suppressed, and 900,000 times It has the effect of obtaining a motor speed of about 100% per minute.

〔Example〕

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 1 and subsequent figures.

Components with the same symbols in each drawing are the same members, so a duplicate description thereof will be omitted.

All angles shown below are shown in electrical angles.

FIG. 1 (1) is a plan view showing the configuration of the salient poles of the rotor, the magnetic poles of the fixed armature, and the 1jL armature coil in seven examples of three-phase reluctance type electric motors to which the present invention is applied. .

In Fig. 1(a), the symbol / is the rotor, and its sudden %/
The widths of a, /b, . . . are /♂O degrees, and they are arranged with equal pinches with a phase difference of 360 degrees.

The rotor 1 is made by known means of laminating silicon steel plates. The symbol Yu is the axis of rotation. Fixed armature/B has magnetic poles /6a, /Ab, /lrc, /6d,
/6e, /&f, their widths are iro degrees and are arranged at equal separation angles. The widths of the salient pole and the magnetic pole are equal at 180 degrees. The number of salient poles is 7 and the number of magnetic poles is 6.

FIG. 2(a) is a developed view of the reluctance type three-phase electric motor 1 shown in FIG. 1(a).

Figure 2 (al coils 90a, 90b, 90c are position detection elements for detecting the positions of the salient poles /a, /b, etc. 1) They are fixed on the side of the fixed armature /6 at the positions shown in the figure. The coil surfaces face the side surfaces of the salient poles /a, /1>, . . . with gaps in between.

The coils /(/a, /□b, 90c are separated by /λO degrees.

The coil is an air-core coil with a diameter of t millimeter and approximately 900 turns.

FIG. 3 shows a device for obtaining position detection signals from coils /□a, /□b, and 90c.

In the diagram, coil loa, resistance/! ;a, /:S
b.

15c is a bridge circuit, and coil /□a is a salient pole /a
, /b, . . . are adjusted so that they are balanced when they are not facing each other.

Therefore, the outputs of the Ronos filter consisting of the diode ()'//a, the capacitor/2a, and the diode ('Hb) and the capacitor/2b are equal, and the output of the operational amplifier 13 is at a low level.

Symbol 7 is an oscillator which oscillates for about 1 megacycle. When the coil 90a faces the salient poles /FL, /b, ..., the impedance decreases due to iron loss (eddy current loss and hysteresis loss), so the voltage drop across the resistor 15a increases, and the output of the operational amplifier /3 increases. is at a high level.

The inputs to the block circuit are the songs i#a, xb, . . . in the time chart of FIG.
The input through d is the curve JJ, a, 23; b
,... becomes.

Block circuits 7a and 7b in FIG. μ show the above-mentioned bridge circuits including coils 90b and 90c, respectively.

Oscillator 7 can be used in common.

The output of the block circuit 7a and the output of the inverting circuit/Je are as follows:
are input to the block circuits, and their output signals are the ninth
Figure 0 (in at, curves 27a, 27b, -
The curves are shown as curves 21a, 2 points, .

The output of the block circuit 7b and the output of the inverting circuit/3f are:
are input to the block circuits, and their output signals are the first
In diagram O (a), the curve γa, 2? b, . . . curves 30a, JOb, .

For the curves Jja, xb, --..., the song i27
a, 27 b.

... has a phase of 120 degrees (curves 27a, 27b,
For ..., curve J? a, J9b, . . . are delayed in phase by 720 degrees.

The block circuit is a circuit commonly used in the control circuit of a three-phase Y-type semiconductor motor, and when the above-mentioned position detection signal is input, the block circuit ri is a circuit whose width is 720 degrees from the terminals a, ris, ..., ri. It is also a logic circuit that can obtain the first signal.

The outputs of terminals a, squirrel, and 9c are songs 493/a, 31b, and song @32a, respectively, in Figure 1O (a).
.

32b,...1 song d, 73a, 33b,...
The outputs of the terminals d, θ, and f, shown as .
＋ 'j'A b ,... r song H, j! fa.

35b,...1 song + Pregnancy 04 a, JA b,...
It is shown as...

The phase difference between the output signal of the terminal a and d, the output signal of the terminal b and θ, and the output signal of the terminal C and f is 190 degrees.

In addition, the output signals of terminals a, squirrel, and 9c are sequentially delayed by 120 degrees without being superimposed. d, 9θ, rif
Similarly, the output signals are sequentially delayed by 120 degrees. Opposing salient poles /a, /b of coils 90a, 90b, 90c
, . . . The same effect can be obtained by using an aluminum plate having the same shape as the rotor shown in FIG. 2 and rotating in synchronization with the rotor.

Reluctance type electric motors have the following drawbacks.

First, as shown by the dotted curve 2 in the time chart of FIG. 90(a), the torque is extremely large at the beginning when the salient pole begins to oppose the magnetic pole, and becomes small at the end.

Therefore, there is a drawback that the resultant torque is also large and includes pull torque. The following means are effective in eliminating such drawbacks.

In other words, the width of the facing surfaces of the salient pole and the magnetic pole in the direction of the rotation axis is made different. By such means, the output torque curve becomes flat as shown in curve ≠ 2a in FIG. 1O(a) due to the leakage magnetic flux of the opposing surfaces.

Second, there is a drawback that efficiency deteriorates.

'The armature current curve is one curve in Fig. 90(a)'
Be like AA.

At the beginning of energization, the current value is small due to the inductance of the armature coil, and becomes even smaller in the center due to the back electromotive force. In the final stage, the back electromotive force is small, so it rises rapidly,
It becomes like curve J6. This final peak value is equal to the current value at startup. In this section, since there is no output torque, there is only a joule loss, which has the disadvantage of greatly reducing efficiency. Since the curve≠6 has a width of 190 degrees, the magnetic energy is discharged as shown by the dotted line lA&a, and this becomes a counter-torque, further degrading the efficiency.

Thirdly, when the output torque is increased, that is, when the number of salient poles and magnetic poles is increased and the excitation current is increased, there is a drawback that the rotation speed becomes significantly smaller.

Generally, in a reluctance type electric motor, in order to increase the output torque, the number of magnetic poles and salient poles shown in Fig. 1(a) is increased,
It is also necessary to make the opposing air gap between the two small. At this time, if the rotation speed is maintained at the required value, the magnetic pole /6 in Figure 1
a, /6b,... and the salient pole /a.

The magnetic energy accumulated in /kl,... makes the rising slope of the excitation current relatively gentle, and even if the current is cut off, the time for the magnetic energy to dissipate [h current is relatively extended] Therefore, a large counter torque is generated.

Due to these circumstances, the peak value of the armature current value becomes small and counter torque is also generated, so that the rotational speed becomes a small value.

The second point mentioned above. The third drawback is the same for brushless motors (hereinafter referred to as semiconductor motors), which makes it impossible to achieve high speed, high torque, and high efficiency.

In the developed views of FIG. 1(a) and FIG. 2(al), the annular portion /6 and the magnetic poles /6a, /Ab+... are made by the well-known means of laminating and solidifying silicon steel plates, and external parts (not shown) It is fixed to the casing and becomes an armature. The part with symbol /6 is the magnetic core which becomes the magnetic path. Symbol 16 and symbols /6a and /Ab.

...is called an armature.

There are seven salient poles, which have the same width and the same angle of separation. The width of the magnetic poles /6a, /6b, . . . is equal to that of the salient poles, and six of them are arranged at an equal pitch.

When armature coils /7b and /7c are energized, salient pole /b
, /c are attracted and rotate in the direction of arrow A.

When rotated by 30 degrees, the armature coil /71) is de-energized and the armature coil /7d is energized, so the salient pole /d
Torque is generated.

Every time the rotor l rotates 60 degrees, the energization mode of the armature coil is changed, and the excitation polarity of the magnetic poles changes from magnetic pole 16b (N pole), /6c (S pole) to magnetic pole /6c (S pole), / 6d(N
Pole) → Magnetic pole/6d (N pole), /6e (S pole) → Magnetic pole/A
θ (S pole), tb f (N pole) → magnetic pole/6f (N pole)
, /Aa (S pole) → are cyclically alternated to form a three-phase reluctance motor in which the rotor / is driven in the direction of arrow A. The two excited magnetic poles are always different poles. Therefore, the leakage magnetic fluxes passing through the non-excited magnetic poles are in opposite directions, and the generation of counter torque is prevented.

In order to further reduce the above-mentioned leakage magnetic flux, the magnetic poles 16a of the first phase are made into a set of two, and each is excited to the N and S magnetic poles by energizing the armature coil.

The leakage magnetic flux caused by each of the two magnetic poles is canceled out and disappears at the other magnetic pole, so that there is no leakage magnetic flux.

The other magnetic poles /6b, /Ac, ... /6f are also 2
The magnetic poles are configured as a set, and each magnetic pole is excited to the N and S poles. The effect is the same, and the leakage magnetic flux disappears.

In this case, the number of salient poles /a, /b, . . . is 71.

Next, the means for energizing the armature coils /7a, /7b, . . . will be explained.

In Fig. 6(c), armature coils /7a, /7
c.

/7θ has transstayu at both ends. a, 20
b and YuOcChangZOd and 20e and 20f are inserted. Transistors 20a, ab, 20c, .
. . . are switching elements, and other semiconductor elements having the same effect may be used.

Power is supplied from the DC power supply positive and negative terminals ua and 2b.

When the lower input of AND circuit 'AJa is at high level, if a high level electrical signal is input from terminal ≠ a,
Transistors 21)a, X)b become conductive, and the armature coil /7a is energized. Terminal 4? b, 4(c) When a high-level electrical signal is input from c, transistors 20c, 20d and transistors Oe, 2.Of become conductive, and armature coils /7c, /7e are energized. , E, F are + to the armature coil 77,
The energization control circuit for /7d, /”)f has exactly the same configuration as the energization control circuit for armature coil /7a.

Therefore, when the lower input of the AND circuit ≠3d, 'A3e, 1A3f is at high level, the terminals μd, ≠e, ≠f.
・When there is an input level, each armature coil/7
b,/? d, /1f are energized.

The terminal voltage is a reference voltage for specifying the excitation current (armature current). By changing the voltage at the terminals, the output torque can be changed.

When the power switch (not shown) is turned on, the operational amplifier <
Since the input of one terminal of 4Qa is lower than that of the child terminal, the output of operational assembly a is a high level tone, transistors 20a, 20b, . , /7θ is applied to the energization control circuit.

resistance,! , 2a, , 1-2b are armature coils/7a, respectively.

This is a resistor for detecting the excitation current (armature current) of /7c, /7e, /7b, /7d, and /7f.

The situation is exactly the same for the operational amplifier tAOb, and when the power is turned on, voltage is applied to the block circuits E and F.

The input signals of the terminal 4a are the position detection signals 3/a, 31b of FIG. 33b, - howling.

The above-mentioned curves have the same symbols and are shown in the time chart of FIG. 5(b). Curve, 7/a, 32a, JJa
.

... are continuous, so their boundaries are shown with thick lines.

Also, the position detection signals JAa, 3Ab, in FIG. 90(a),
-,,? <4a, 3tAb, ”', ,?5
a, 3jb, - are the terminals of Fig. 6(C)≠d, Hiroe, 4?, respectively. It is input to f.

FIG. 5(b) shows a curve J6a (same as JAb).

)3ψa, Jj a T... are shown, which are continuous without overlapping, and the boundaries are shown with thick lines.

Fig. 5 (position detection signal curve 3/a of bl is shown in Fig. 6 fc
) is input to the terminal ≠a.

In FIG. 5(b), the excitation current increases as indicated by a dotted line 37a. In a reluctance type electric motor, the inductance is large, so the rise of the starting end of the curve 3/a is slow. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the voltage applied to the terminal 2a. The curve, as the speed increases? Since the width of /a becomes small, it is necessary to use a correspondingly high voltage terminal 2a.

When the excitation current exceeds the set value (specified by the reference voltage at the terminal in Figure 6 (C)), the output of the operational amplifier 'AOa becomes low level, so the output of the AND circuit 4'Ja becomes low rail. , transistor 2°a becomes non-conductive.

Therefore, the magnetic energy stored in the armature coil /7a is transferred to the diode 2/a and the transistor. b.

When the discharge current is discharged through the resistor Ua and the discharge current decreases to a predetermined value, due to the hysteresis characteristics of the operational amplifier Ima,
The output returns to high level and transistors 20a, 2
0b becomes conductive again and the armature current increases.

When the voltage increases to a set value regulated by the reference voltage, the output of the operational amplifier l1-Oa becomes low level, the transistor Ja becomes non-conductive, and the armature current drops.

The circuit becomes a circuit that repeats such a cycle, and passes through the section indicated by arrow 3a in FIG. 5(b).

At the end of the curve J/a, the input of terminal≠a in FIG. 6(C) disappears. Therefore, the magnetic energy stored in the armature coil 7a is transferred to the transistor coil 7a. Since both a20b become non-conductive, the diode,! /b → Capacitor 4'7a → Resistor Ua → Dio-1'! The current is applied in the order of /a to charge the capacitor≠7a.

However, at this time, the position detection signal curve in FIG. 5(b) has already been changed to ? 2a is input to the terminal gb in FIG. Dotted line 39a) in figure (b)) is defined as rapid.

The capacitor≠7a is effective when there is a difference in timing between conduction and non-conduction of the transistor, but is not necessarily required.

The dotted line 37b in FIG. 5(b) indicates the armature coil/
7a is a current curve due to the release of magnetic energy.

Is the width of arrow 3 b the dotted line? 7b and the width of the descending and rising portions of the dotted line 39a. When the width of the arrow 31b exceeds 30 degrees, counter torque occurs and the torque also decreases. As the speed increases, the width of the curve 32a decreases, so the width of the arrow 3b also needs to decrease accordingly. This purpose is achieved by increasing the voltage at the terminal Ua and by preventing the magnetic energy stored in the armature coil 7a from flowing into the power supplies 2a and 2b by means of diodes.

Since the power source uses direct current obtained by rectifying alternating current, when the magnetic energy of the tm child coil/7a flows into the power source, the width of the descending portion shown by the dotted line 37b increases, and the armature coil/7a increases in width.
Since the applied voltage of 7c also becomes the voltage of the power supplies 2a and 2b, the width of the dotted line J9a at the rising portion also increases. Therefore, it becomes impossible to create a high-speed electric motor.

Naturally, the same objective can be achieved by increasing the power supply voltage, but this means has practical problems, and the means according to the present invention is effective.

Furthermore, in order to increase the output torque, it is sufficient to increase the voltage above the reference voltage shown in FIG. 6(C).

As described above, the device of the present invention is characterized in that the limit of high-speed rotation is controlled by the applied voltage, and the output torque is independently controlled by the reference voltage (output torque command voltage). ing.

The control current by the position detection signal of the armature coil/7c is controlled by the chopper action of the operational amplifier 1AOa in FIG. 6(C) and the AND circuit≠3b, as shown by the dotted line Jq in FIG. 5(b).
As shown by b, it changes as the transistor 20c is turned on and off, and at the end of the curve 7a, it rapidly drops as shown by the dotted line.

Next, the position detection signal JJa is applied to the terminal ≠ 3 in FIG. 6(C).
When input to 0, armature coil /7e is energized in the same way.

As mentioned above, armature coils /7a, /7c,
/7e is energized sequentially and output torque is generated. The above energization mode is called the A-phase energization mode. This is called the A-phase position detection signal.

Fig. 70 ta+ position detection signal 3a, 36b, =
-, 31ta.

344b,-=,Jja,3! ;b, -= are input to terminals ≠a, gθ, 4Zf in FIG. 6(C), respectively, and the armature coils included in block circuit E and F
7b, /7a.

/1f energization is controlled.

In Fig. 5(b), one curve 3ba...? /4a, 3! ;h
It is shown. These are adjacent to each other with a width of 120 degrees, and are 90 degrees out of phase with the upper curve.

The dotted line portions at both ends of the curves 3Aa, 3≠a, and Jja indicate the rise and fall portions of the armature current. As in the case of the A phase, the widths of the rising and falling portions are regulated by the voltage of the power supply positive terminal core a, the diode Hiroshi/b, and the capacitor≠7b.

Further, the chopper control in the middle part of each curve by the AND circuits 'AJa, 'A3e, Hiro Jf, the operational amplifier ub, and the voltage at the reference voltage terminal is the same as in the case of the A phase.

The effects are also similar.

Curve 3Aa...? 4b, -, 31Ah, 31Ab
,・-,Jr&.

3! ;b, armature coil /7b, /7d by...
, /7f is called the energization mode P of the energization control phase. The electrical signals of the curve fields a, Jja, JAa, ... are expressed as B
This is called the phase position detection signal.

A three-phase electric motor like the one in this example is generally expressed as being in the first, second, and third phase energization modes.
In this specification, the energization mode P is divided into two, A phase and B phase.
It is called.

Armature coils /7a, /7c, /7e and /7b, /7d.

/7f are called A-phase and B-phase armature coils, respectively.

The curved line in Fig. 90(a) shows the torque curve due to the A-phase armature coil, and the curve IA5 (point a) shows the torque curve due to the B-phase armature coil, and the combined torque of both lines is the output torque. becomes. Also, the lower thick line torque curve/7
a, /7c, /7e, ... indicate torque curves by armature coils with the same symbol, and the thin line torque curves /
7b, /7 (1 and 11f indicate the torque curves of the armature coils with the same symbols.

The line segments 41a and 4'ja of the arrow indicate the position detection signal 3 cores a (
armature coil/7c) and position detection signal, ?
It shows the section of the torque curve due to tAa (by armature coil/7d).

It has a torque curve similar to that of a three-phase Y-connection semiconductor motor, and is characterized by efficient and relatively flat torque characteristics.

As can be understood from the above explanation, the position detection signal curves J/a', J/b, -, curves,
? 2a.

32b, . . . 1 curves 33a, 33 b, .
Aa, J6b,...2 curved line a13<'b+'''+ song @33; a, 3!; b, - is 720 degree width energization control of armature coils /7b, /7d, /7f is being carried out.

What specifies the output torque, that is, the armature current value, is only the base voltage (the voltage at the terminal Shu in FIG. 6(c)), so it is independent of the applied voltage. Therefore, the power supply terminal j in Fig. 6(C)
Since the rectification voltages of a, 2b have little to do with each other, the capacitor for rectification can be of a small capacity, and if the AC power supply is 3-phase, the rectification capacitor has an even smaller capacity, simplifying the power supply. There are features that allow it.

The above-mentioned circumstances are the same for the rectifying capacitors in the embodiments described later. Next, a case where the present invention is applied to a co-phase reluctance type electric motor will be explained.

FIG. 1(b) is a top view of a two-phase reluctance type electric motor, and FIG. 2(b) is a developed view of its salient poles, magnetic poles, and armature coil. In FIG. 1(b), the annular portion /6 and the magnetic poles /Aa, /Ab, . Become. The part indicated by symbol 16 is a magnetic core that becomes a magnetic path.

Armature coils /7a, /7b are attached to magnetic poles /Aa and /Ab.
is wrapped. Other armature coils are omitted and not shown.

A rotating shaft j is rotatably supported by a bearing provided in the outer casing, and a rotor l is fixed to this.

On the outer periphery of the rotor l, salient poles /a, /b, . They face each other with a gap of about 0.2 mm between them. The rotor/is also made by the same means as the armature/6.

This developed view is shown in FIG. 2 (bl).

In FIG. 2(b), there are 70 salient poles, and they have the same width and separation angle. The width of the magnetic poles /Aa, /Ab, . . . is equal to that of the salient poles, and they are arranged at equal pitches.

When the armature coils /7b, /7f, /7c, and /7g are energized, the salient poles /b, /g, /C, and /h are attracted and rotate in the direction of arrow A.

When rotated 90 degrees, the armature coil /'lb, /'')f is de-energized and the armature coil /1d, /'lh is energized, so that torque is generated by the salient poles /d and /i. The arrow /a indicates the excitation polarity which is rotated by qo degrees from the state shown in the figure, magnetic pole /6b, /Ac is N pole, magnetic pole /6
f, /6g becomes the south pole. The purpose of such polar magnetization is to reduce counter torque due to leakage of magnetic flux.

During the next 90 degree rotation, ie, between the arrows/b, each magnetic pole assumes the N and S polarities shown. The display of 0 indicates non-excitation.

The next 90 degree rotation, the next 90 degree rotation is an arrow/zac
, /zad.

Due to the above-mentioned excitation, the rotor / rotates in the direction of arrow A and becomes a co-phase electric motor.

The width between each magnetic pole is 5 times that of the salient pole.

Furthermore, since the space in which the armature coil is installed is larger, thicker wires can be used, which has the effect of reducing copper loss and increasing efficiency.

Since a reluctance type electric motor does not have a field magnet, it is necessary to increase the magnetic flux generated by the magnetic poles by the amount of magnetic flux. Therefore, the large space between the magnetic poles has an important meaning.

The number of salient poles in FIG. 2(b) is 70, which is larger than the conventionally known structure of this type. Therefore, counter-torque is generated by discharging the magnetic energy accumulated in each magnetic pole due to excitation, and although the output torque becomes large, the rotational speed decreases and problems remain, making it impossible to put it into practical use.

However, according to the means of the present invention, the above-mentioned disadvantages are eliminated and only the effect of increasing the output torque is added. The details will be described later.

FIG. 6 (In bl, L is the armature coil /7a, /7e and /7c, /7 of FIG. 1(b).
g respectively, and the two sets of armature coils are connected in series or in parallel.

Transistors 20a, 20b, 20c, and 20d are inserted into the N and armature coils and at both ends of L, respectively.

Transistor: lOa, 20b, 20c,
20d is a switching element, and may be another semiconductor element having the same effect.

Power is supplied from the positive and negative terminals 2a and 2b of the @ current power supply. When an electric signal of level 7 is inputted from the terminal 4Za, the transistors ma and 20b become conductive, and the armature coil K is energized. When an electric signal of level .

Next, the means for obtaining the position detection signal will be explained.

In the cases of FIG. 6(a) and FIG. 6(b), the means for obtaining the position detection signal are different. In the former case, coils ♂a and fb of whistle 2 (b) are used, and in the latter case, coil 7a is used.
, a, 7b, and 7b are used.

Each of the above-mentioned coils is coil/(7a, /□b,
It has the same configuration as 90c. The coils ♂a, ♂b are fixed to the armature side, facing the side surfaces of the salient poles /a, /b, .

As shown in FIG. 2(b), the coils ♂a, lrb face the side surfaces of the salient poles /a, /b, . (Including eddy current loss,
This loss is large), so the impedance of the coil becomes small.

Coils ra and Ib are separated by (no −4−qo ) degrees. Coils ♂a and ♂b are air-core with a diameter of J mm and approximately 900 turns.

FIG. 3 shows a device for obtaining position detection signals from coils Itx and rb. In Figure 3, coil I
a, rb, resistance 15a, /jb, 15c.

15d is a bridge circuit. Symbol 7 is an oscillation circuit whose output frequency is about 5 megacycles.

Coils Ia and Ib are air-core coils, fixed armature 11tl
l, and the salient poles /a, /b, in Fig. 2(b)
..., the impedance becomes small due to eddy current loss, and the voltage drop across the resistor 15a becomes large. When the coil fa faces the salient pole, the diode //a,
The electrical signal smoothed by the Rono ξ filter consisting of the capacitor/2a is sent to the operational amplifier/? It is input to the ten terminal of a.

The voltage drop across the resistor /3b is also determined by the electrical signal converted into DC by the Rono ξ filter consisting of the diode /b and capacitor /jb. It is input to the ten terminal of b. Since the bridge circuit is adjusted to be balanced when the coils ra and lfb do not face the salient poles, there is no output from the operational amplifiers /ja and /jb at this time. When the coil Ira faces the salient pole, the output of the operational amplifier/Ja becomes a rectangular wave with a width of igo degrees, and this signal
In the time chart of Figure 0 (c), curve 7 (7a, 701
),... are shown closed.

The voltage drop across the resistor 15c is the operational amplifier/? a, /,?
It is input to one terminal of b. The outputs of terminal &a are the above-mentioned curves 7(1)a, 70b, . . . , and the outputs of terminal 6b are white powder 7Ja, 7Jb, . . . , and the width of each curve is igo degree.

The output of terminal 6c and Ad via the inverting circuit is the tune i7J.
a, 73 b, =- and curves 7qa, 7qb
, -.

When the matched parts of the signals of curve 7 (7a, ?(7b, -) of Fig. 70fc) and curves 7dea, 79b, . . . are obtained by an AND circuit, curves !2a, 12b are obtained.
,... becomes.

Curves 72a, 7b, ... and curves 70a, 7
By the same means for 0b, -, songs @g3a,
Za3b, . . . are obtained.

By similar means, curves 7Ja, 72b, - and curve 7
3a.

From 73b, . . . , the curve 4a is evaluated, .
−・−More curves! ;a.

The results are as follows.

The above position detection signal is used in the circuit shown in FIG. 6(a).

Next, the means for obtaining the position detection signal used in the circuit of FIG. 6(b) will be explained.

The position detection signal is obtained from an aluminum rotor that rotates synchronously with the rotor, and this rotor is shown as symbol 3 in Figure 1 (bl). Symbols 3a, 3b, . . . , are protrusions having a width of 130 degrees.The protrusions 3a, 3b, . . . have a coil 7a,
7a, 7b, and 7b face each other, and impedance is reduced due to eddy current loss. Coil 7a
The separation angle between A1 and coils 7b and 5 is /♂O degrees.

Salient pole Ja.

The width of Jb, . . . may be smaller than 750 degrees. However, it is up to about 170 degrees.

When coils fa and ♂b in Fig. 3 are replaced with coils 7a and '7b, the output of terminal 6a becomes curve 73; a, 7jb, ... of the time chart in Fig. 70 (bl), and terminal O C
The output will be songs %177a, 77b, .

coil? If a and J'b are replaced with coils 7a and 7b,
The output of the terminal 6a is the song 17Aa, ”)A b , ・
..., and the output of the terminal 6111 is the curve 7za, 7g
b... yell. The width of each curve is iso degrees, and the phase difference between the 7th and 2nd rows and between the 3rd and ≠ rows is igo degrees, and the phase difference between the 7th and 3rd rows is 9a degrees. be.

Song that serves as a position detection signal + i7j a, 7j 'b
,...and curve? Aa, 76b, . . . are input to terminals a and μC in FIG. 6(b), respectively. Song 89
77a, 77b, mountains and curves 7ga, 71b
,...is, terminal Hirosu! d.

resistance), 2 a, n b voltage drop across the armature coil K.

This is a circuit for detecting and controlling the current proportional to L and armature coils M and N, and the armature coil has the same configuration as L.

The time chart of FIG. 5(a) shows the above-mentioned position detection signal curve 75a, ? Aa, ... and curves 77a, 7zaa,
. . are indicated by the same symbols, so the energization control of the armature coil in FIG. 6(b) will be explained using these.

From terminal <ja, 4tc, curve? ,5a,? 1 curve when Aa signal is input? ? a and curve 7za are terminals, 4
Each is input from Zd.

The circuit that controls the energization of L to the armature coil of /phase is as follows:
This circuit is shown in the same manner as the armature coil energization control circuit having the same symbol as the circuit in FIG. 6(c), and the circuit configuration is also the same, so that it has the same effect. for example.

Position detection signal curves 75a and 76a (Fig. 5(a)
), the energizing waveform of L in the armature coil is shown in Figure 5 (a
Curve 75a of the time chart of l, ? Dotted line 2tA to Aa
a, ), 'Ac (rising part), 2ub (falling part). The width of the arrow 2td is the operational amplifier Q-Oa in FIG. 6(b).

The armature current is regulated by a voltage equal to the reference voltage by the Chillon-9 circuit consisting of the transistor 20a and the AND circuit≠3a.

The above-mentioned energization is continuous energization when viewed from the power supply side, so this is referred to as energization of the A-phase armature coil. The armature coils M and N of other phases are connected to terminals 44b,
4! The position detection signal curve 77a and the curve 7zaa of Fig. J fa) are input to d, respectively, and the circuit that controls the energization of the armature coils M and N based on these electric signals causes the armature coils to Since it is the same as the energization control circuit of L, it is shown as block circuit C, and its operation and effect are also the same.

Since the armature coils M and H are energized continuously, this is called the B-phase energization mode.

Armature coil M based on position detection signals 77a and 7zaa.

The energization waveform of N is a curve 77a in FIG. 5(a).

The beginning and end of 7ga are indicated by dotted lines. In the middle part, current is supplied by the Chiyono-3 action of the AND circuits 3c and ψ3d and the operational amplifier b.

The above-mentioned energization mode is called the B-phase energization mode P. The curves □a, Ob, . . . in FIG. 90(b) are A
The output torque curve due to energization of the phase armature coil and the output torque curve due to the B phase armature coil are curves r/a.

It becomes za/b...

The capacitors 1A7a and 7b in FIG. 6(b) are different from the previous embodiment and are necessary members.

When the power to the armature coil is cut off and the stored magnetic energy is discharged as shown by the dotted line 24cb in FIG. The charging voltage causes the armature coil L to start energizing rapidly.

Therefore, the width of the arrow 2H θ becomes smaller, suppressing the generation of counter torque and reduced torque, and producing a high-speed, high-efficiency electric motor. The effect of the capacitor '+7b is also similar, and it reduces the width of the arrow 2'Af.

- IJ odes≠/a, 4'/b are for preventing the charging energy of the capacitors 7a and Mb mentioned above from flowing into the power supply side.

As can be seen from the above description, this embodiment has the same effects as the previous embodiment.

Next, the circuit shown in FIG. 6(a) will be explained. Figure 6 (
a) is an example in which the present invention is implemented in a two-phase electric motor.

In FIG. 6(a), the energization control circuit L for the armature coil and the energization control circuit C for the armature coils M and N are connected to the sixth
It is the same as the member with the same symbol in Figure (b).

The difference is that terminal≠a, Hirob, ! d,
This is a position detection signal input from Itθ.

The position detection signal curve 2a of FIG. 1O (C) mentioned above,
♂2b, . . . and curve F3 a, za 3b, . . . and curve field a, zahiro.

... and the curves zaja, zajb, . . . are terminals ≠ a.

Input from ≠b, ≠C9≠d.

Therefore, the armature coils are energized 90 degrees at a time, and the order is armature coil K-)M→L-+N.

Curve ♂2a, za? a, Hiroa, g! ; The positions of the position detection coils are selected so that the center portion of each of a coincides with the point where the maximum torque is obtained by each magnetic pole. Position detection signal curve Za2a, ♂Ja, evaluation a.

The holes are shown with the same symbols in FIG. 5(a).

In Fig. 6(a), when the power is turned on, the curve ! from terminal ≠ a! When the position detection signal 2a is input, the transistors 20a and 20b become conductive and energization of the armature coil M is started, and this curve is shown as a dotted line 2Ja in FIG. 5(a).

Therefore, a voltage drop occurs in the resistance nK, and the operational amplifier 1Aoa
When the voltage exceeds the reference voltage input to the child terminal of , the output of the operational amplifier ll0a becomes a low level, and the output of the AND circuit tAJa also changes to a low level. Oa becomes non-conductive.

Since transistor lb is conducting, armature coil K
The magnetic energy stored in is discharged through the diode rJ/a and the resistor n. The voltage drop across resistor n decreases,
When the predetermined value is exceeded, the output returns to high rail due to the hysteresis characteristic of the operational amplifier IAOa.

Therefore, transistor 20a becomes conductive again and when the armature current increases and exceeds the current regulated by the reference voltage, transistor 20a becomes non-conductive again.

A chopper circuit that repeats this cycle is configured. At the end of the position detection signal n1, both transistors 20a and 20b are non-conductive, so the magnetic energy stored in the armature coil is transferred via diodes 21a and 2/b to
Charge capacitor Hiro 7.

This charging voltage increases the voltage applied to the armature coil M to be energized next, so that the energizing current rapidly rises. At this time, a voltage is applied to the armature coil M according to the position detection signal curve 3a of FIG. 5 (at) input to the terminal Jb.

The capacitor≠7 may have a small capacity. With a smaller capacity, the charging voltage rises more rapidly and the energization of the armature coil M becomes more rapid. IUB width) can be reduced.

The rising portion of the armature coil is indicated by the dotted line Ua, and the rising portion of the armature coil M is indicated by the dotted line 2. It is indicated by jc.

When the width of arrow J exceeds tAS degrees, counter torque and reduced torque are generated, so as mentioned above, there is an effect that the width of arrow J can be reduced to provide a high-speed electric motor.

The magnetic energy stored in the armature coil is
It can be considered that the width of arrow J becomes smaller by converting it into magnetic energy.

The purpose of the diode is to prevent stored magnetic energy from flowing into the power supply and preventing the above-mentioned action from occurring. Even if the capacitor is removed, the magnetic energy conversion described above can still be achieved.

The armature coil M is energized by the operational amplifier tA0a and the AND circuit 'A3c in the same manner as the armature coil. A chopper action is performed in which the current value is regulated by the reference voltage.

The pulsating part of the armature current due to the chopper action is omitted and not shown.

Terminal ≠ C, #a, the position detection signal diameter of Fig. 5 (a) a, r! ; Even when h is input, the amplifier circuit is activated (.

The armature current is similarly controlled by ψ3d and operational amplifier tAOa, and their rising and falling parts are shown by dotted lines. The action and effect are also the same.

Therefore, a torque in the / direction is obtained and the motor rotates.

As mentioned above, since the point of maximum torque is selected during energization at qo degree, the efficiency is maximized. But 1 curve ♂ 2a,! If there is a gap at the boundary (bold line part) between rja, .

Therefore, it is necessary to configure the structure so that there are no voids.

This embodiment is a co-phase electric motor, but the energization mode is A.
It may be considered to be only the phase or only the B phase.

It can also be considered as one in-phase energization mode. Therefore, there is a feature that the energization control circuit is integrated.Next, an example in which the present invention is applied to a three-phase semiconductor motor with a Y-type connection will be described.

FIG. 2 is a developed view of the magnet rotor 60 and armature coils A/a, Alb, and A/C of the electric motor described above. Hall elements 62a and A2b serve as position detection elements.

62c is fixed to the armature side at the illustrated position at a distance of /20 degrees, and faces the magnetic poles AOa and 40b.

The output of the Hall element is amplified by well-known means to become a rectangular wave electrical signal.

Since the above-mentioned electric signal is exactly the same signal as the above-mentioned coils 90a, 90b, and 90c for the three-phase lactance motor, details will be explained with reference to the time chart of FIG. 70(a).

Curves -15a, -1-3b + in Fig. 70(a)
...1 curve 27a, 27b, ...1 curve Jqa, 2
9b, . . . are Hall elements 62a and AJb, respectively.
, 6Jc is within the magnetic field of the magnetic pole 60b (S pole). Curve #a,,2Ab,...Curve 2zaa+
2gb+"' is a curved line, ?□ a, 30 b, -
・− is the inversion of the respective upper electrical signals.

The terminals A3h, AJb, A3c in FIG. 7 have the above-mentioned curves Δa, Jjb, .
a, 27 b... and curves 29 a, 29
1) Electric signals indicated by , . . . are input.

The phase difference between each electrical signal is 120 degrees. Block circuit H
is a logic circuit that obtains six series of position detection signals with a width of IIO degrees to drive a Y-type connected semiconductor motor from an input electric signal, and is a well-known trick. .

Therefore, the outputs of terminals AQa, A4<c, and A4<c are respectively the songs IN and ? of FIG. 90(a). / a, 31 b
, - and curve 3 ua.

32b, . . . and songs @ 33a, 33b, .

The outputs of terminals 11Ad and A'lθj4tf are respectively curves 3tAa, ? tAb, -= and curve 3ja,
Jjb, - and curve, ? 6a, J6b,...
becomes an electrical signal.

curve,? /a, ,? The position detection signals of /b, . Third. . . . will be referred to as the sixth position detection signal.

1st. Second. The third position detection signal is input to terminals a, a, and 4-c in FIG.

Fifth. The sixth position detection signals are each terminal≠gd.

←Je is input to φzaf.

The circuit of FIG. 7 is the armature coil A/a of FIG.

61b is an A/Q energization control circuit.

Armature coil 4/a,) transistor SOa, job.

! ;Oc, 30d is a bridge circuit, armature coil A/b, transistors 50e, 50f, ! Og,
,! ;Oh is also a bridge circuit.

The block circuit G is also a bridge circuit having the same configuration as the above-mentioned bridge circuit of the armature coil Arc.

When an electric signal of a no-e level is input to terminal /14f a,≠gb, the transistor SOa, ! ;Od and the transistors 50θ and soh are conductive, and the armature coil 6/
a.

Alb is energized to the right.

Similarly, when a high-level electrical signal is input to the terminal ψgc, the armature coil 6/c is also energized to the right. The energization to the right is referred to as forward energization, and the energization to the left is referred to as reverse energization.

Therefore, when a high-level electrical signal is input to the terminals d and ≠zae, the transistors 30c and 50b and the transistors 50g and 50f become conductive, and the armature coil 6/
A and Alb are energized in the opposite direction, and the armature coil Arc is also energized in the opposite direction due to the high-level electrical signal of the terminal≠gf.

The input signals of the terminals ψza, ≠zasu, 4'gc become the electrical signals of the curves J/a, 31b, . . . of the → in FIG.

The input signals of terminal Hiroza d, Hiroza e, and Hiroza f are songs @, ? t
Aa.

, 7ψb, . . . and the lower two series of electrical signals are input.

The above-mentioned position detection signals are indicated by the same symbols in FIG. 5(b), and will be explained in detail using these symbols.

When voltage is applied to the circuit shown in Fig. 7 from DC power terminals ja and ko b, when an electric signal of curve 7/a is input to terminal za, the lower side of AND circuit +qa Since the input (output of operational amplifier 4Qa) is at high level, transistor 30a, ! ; Od becomes conductive, and armature coil A/a starts to be energized in the positive direction.

When the armature current increases and the voltage drop across the resistor Ua exceeds the reference voltage, the output of the operational amplifier Ua becomes low level, and the output of the 771 circuit ←a also becomes low level.

Transistor 50a turns non-conductive. Therefore, the stored magnetic energy in armature coil A/a is
0d, diode j/b, resistor) 2a. When the discharge current decreases below a predetermined value, the output of the operational amplifier a changes to a high level due to the hysteresis characteristic of the operational amplifier 1lOa.

Then, transistor SOa becomes conductive again and the current in armature coil 6/a (7') increases.

When it increases and exceeds the set value, the output of the operational amplifier 1AOa changes to a low level, and the armature current decreases.

This becomes a Chiyono-9 circuit that repeats the above-mentioned cycle.

The armature current is regulated by the reference positive voltage.

The section indicated by arrow 3a in FIG. 5(b) is the section where the Chiyono-2 action takes place. The pulsating current flow due to the Chiyo-2 action is not shown. Even when an electrical signal of 5 curves 32a is input to the terminals l-zab, the AND circuit IA9b, the resistor na, the operational amplifier 4Ja, and the transistor 50e,
A similar Chiyono-2 action takes place.

Point reward? ? a is 1 point 1 tqJ at the rising edge of the current? b indicates the descending part. When the electric signal of the song @33a is input to the terminal 9C, the armature coil 6/c performs the same action.

Terminal 1 voice zad, gzae,! 1 song Hqtta on 4fff,
3! ; When the electric signals of a, ua are input, the AND circuit≠"Id.

4t9e, φ9f, the voltage drop across the resistor ub, and the operational amplifier b cause the armature current to be affected in accordance with the reference voltage.

At this time, armature coil A/ a', Al b
, 6/c are energized in the opposite direction. At the end of the input signal of terminal 4'ffa, the transistor! ; Since Oa and SQd are both non-conductive, the stored magnetic energy of armature coil 6/a is transferred via diodes )', 5/c, and j/b,
This voltage is used to charge the capacitor≠70 and to energize the armature coil 4/b in the positive direction, which has already started energizing.

Therefore, the rising part of the current in armature coil A/b, 7qa
becomes rapid.

Also, the descent part? Make the descent of 7b rapid.

The stored magnetic energy of armature coil A/a is converted to the magnetic energy of armature coil A/b, so arrow 3gb
width becomes smaller.

At this point, the presence of the diode ψIC prevents magnetic energy from flowing into the power supply, so the point H3qF
This allows the rising edge of L to be rapid.

If the width of the arrow 3b exceeds 30 degrees, a reduced torque and a counter torque are generated, making high-speed rotation impossible.

At the same time, efficiency also deteriorates.

In response to high speed rotation, the power supply voltage is increased and a diode tA/c is required.

The energization by input signals to the terminals a, 4'J'b4 and 4C is called energization by the A-phase armature coil.

The armature coils are energized in the same way by the input signals of the terminals td, e, and d. This energization is called energization of the B-phase armature coil.

In the B-phase energization mode r, the curve is 7μa, 33a.

The width of the fall and rise at the end and start end of JAa can be made smaller by capacitor≠7d and diode Hiro/d.

Although the capacitors +7c and 47d have a small capacity, there is no problem in removing them.

Therefore, the above-mentioned reduction and increase in current flow occur rapidly. In between these, the Chiyono-ξ action takes place, and the excitation?
a't! The L current is held at a set value by a voltage where the reference voltage≠0.

The energization in the positive direction of each armature coil is referred to as the A-phase in-phase energization mode, and the reverse energization is referred to as the B-phase in-phase energization mode. The output torque in the A-phase energization mode is shown as a curved line in FIG. 90(a), and the B-phase energization mode is shown as a dotted curved line. As described above with respect to curves u4 and 96a, the temperature is 120 degrees during energization, so the efficiency increases.

The resistor 22a in FIG. 7 serves as a detection resistance for the armature current of each armature coil in the A-phase energization mode, and the resistor ub serves as a detection resistance for the armature current in each armature coil in the B-phase energization mode. It is a resistance.

The effects are similar to those of the reluctance type electric motor described above.

If the voltage applied to the terminal Ja is increased, the section indicated by the arrow 31b in FIG. 5(b) can be made smaller, which has the effect of providing a high-speed, high-torque electric motor. Further, the output torque can be freely and independently controlled by the reference voltage shown in FIG.

Even if the voltage at terminals ja and λb is large or has a sol voltage, it does not affect the output torque, so when rectifying alternating current and using it as a direct current power source, it is possible to reduce the capacity of the smoothing capacitor. There are features that allow it.

In the case of three-phase AC, there is a feature that the smoothing capacitor has a smaller capacity.

DC motors, like reluctance motors, do not have a large inductance in the armature coil, so it is easy to achieve high speeds. The circuit shown in FIG. 7 is used for this purpose.

As can be seen from the circuit of FIG. 7, since the energization control is performed by dividing the armature coils into the A-phase and B-phase armature coils, the control circuit can be simplified.

In the circuit of FIG. 6(a)(b) (cl and FIG. 7),
AND circuit≠? a, +qb, ・49 f and 'A
Ja, Hiroj b, -4',? The lower transistor (I(7b, Xld
,! ;Of, 30h), 20b, 20d, and 2Qf, the same objective is achieved.

〔effect〕

The first effect is that when the power source is single-phase AC, the capacitance of the capacitor (for smoothing) may be smaller than that of the conventional technology.

As a second effect, when a three-phase alternating current is used as a power source, the smoothing capacitor 3 becomes much smaller, so that the power source is simplified.

As a third effect, by processing the armature coil by dividing it into a single phase or an A phase and a B phase, the energization control circuit can be simplified, and it can be made smaller and less expensive. In particular, the above-mentioned effects are remarkable compared to the high-speed induction machines (used in air conditioners) that are used indoors.

As a qth effect, by changing the voltage of the reference positive voltage, the output torque can be changed, and by increasing the applied voltage, high speed and high torque can be correspondingly achieved. This technology is particularly effective in the case of reluctance-type motors, which could only be operated at low speeds, and eliminates their major drawbacks.

The above effects are also effective when configuring a DC power supply for a DC motor.

In such a case, the configuration of the power supply is simplified, and only one diode bridge for rectifying the power supply alternating current needs to be added, so it can be produced significantly smaller and at lower cost than conventional converters. It has the effect of

The j-th effect is that the energization control circuit is divided into a single phase (in the case of Fig. 6 (a)) or a phase A and a phase B, so that the armature coil control means can be simplified as described above. By adding a diode and a capacitor to the power supply side to prevent backflow, a high-speed, high-efficiency motor can be obtained.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 (a) is an explanatory diagram of the configuration of a three-phase reluctance type electric motor, Figure 1 (b) is an explanatory diagram of the configuration of a λ-phase luctance type electric motor, and Figure 2 is an explanatory diagram of the configuration of a three-phase reluctance type electric motor. Figures 3 and 5 are developed diagrams of the rotor, magnetic poles, and exciting coils of a co-phase motor, and Figures 5 and 5 are electrical circuit diagrams for obtaining position detection signals from the coils.
The figure shows the time chart of the 1-position detection signal curve and exciting current.
6 and 7 are armature coil energization control circuit diagrams,
Fig. g is a developed view of the magnet rotor and single armature coil of a three-phase current motor, Fig. 2 is an electric circuit diagram for obtaining a position detection signal, and Fig. 70 is a position detection signal and armature current. The time charts of output torque are shown respectively. /A...armature, /6a, /6b, -, /
6f-magnetic pole, C... rotor, Ia, /c,...
1g... Salient pole, j -... Rotating shaft, K, L,
M, N, /7a. /4Ca, /4Cb...Block circuits that obtain position detection signals from coils 90b, 90c, ja, 2b...
・Power supply positive and negative poles, 3...rotor, 3a,
j b , -..., J j... protrusion, 20a
,,! 0b, -,,! Of ,30a,3;Ob
, ・, ! ;0h-) transistor, 4Ja,
IAOb. /,? a, jjb, /3... operational amplifier,
Re...Reference voltage terminal, D, E, F, Ci, G.
・Block circuit for energization control of armature coil,
9. H...Block circuit that obtains a position detection signal, I
a, jjb. =-, ua, ib, -, 27a, 27b, -
,2zaa. ! , rb , ・= , 29a, J9b , ・−, 30
a, 30b, -, 3/a, 3/b, -, 32a,,
? Jb,=-,33a,33b,-3≠a,,7tA
b, =-, 33a, 3jb, ・=, jAa, 3A
b. ..., 7(1)a, 70b, ---, 7/a, 7/
b, .=,7.2a,72b,-,7,7a,
73b, -, 74'a, 7 Hirosu, -, 7ja. Bb, ---, 76a, 7Ab, ---, 77a
,77b ,-,7zaa,7.8'b,...zakoa
, g2b, -, IJa, zaJb,...zalAa
, ff4(b,...,♂ra,zajb,...position detection signal curve, lA2, 1A2a, 41.'A3;
,I□a,za(:lb,-,zaIa,zalb,...
Torque curve, 'AA, '46 a...armature current curve,

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) In a DC motor including a three-phase reluctance type, the A-phase position detection signal is provided with a position detection signal with a width of 120 degrees in continuous electrical angles that do not overlap in time, and the electrical angle A position detection device that can obtain a B-phase position detection signal in which a position detection signal with a phase difference of 60 degrees is provided, and both ends of the armature coils of the first phase, second phase, and third phase. conduction control is performed on the first and second groups of semiconductor switching elements inserted into the A-phase and B-phase armature coils, respectively, in a predetermined order. a first energization control circuit that performs energization control to generate output torque in one direction; a DC power source that supplies power to the A-phase and B-phase armature coils via first and second diodes, respectively; A phase A, a reversely connected diode including only the first group of semiconductor switching elements or the corresponding armature coil, and a reversely connected diode including only the second group of semiconductor switching elements or the corresponding armature coil; The armature current of each B-phase armature coil is detected, and the first
, the first and second armature current detection circuits that generate the second detection voltage, and when the first and second detection voltages increase beyond the set value, the corresponding one semiconductor switching element is rendered non-conductive. , the magnetic energy stored in the armature coil is discharged through another semiconductor switching element that is in conduction with the reversely connected diode, and when the discharge current decreases below a predetermined value, it becomes non-conductive. A chopper circuit that again conducts the semiconductor switching element that has been converted into a current state and maintains the armature current at a set value, and an armature coil whose energization is controlled by the position detection signal are activated at the end of the position detection signal. , when the energization is stopped, the first and second diodes prevent the magnetic energy accumulated in the armature coil from being fed back to the DC power supply via the reversely connected diode, and then the energization is stopped. 1. A high-speed motor comprising: a second energization control circuit for converting stored magnetic energy in an armature coil to be energized; (2) In a two-phase reluctance type electric motor, an A-phase position detection signal in which position detection signals having a phase difference of 180 degrees with a width of about 150 degrees in electrical angle that do not overlap in time, and A position detection device that can obtain a B-phase position detection signal having a phase difference of 90 degrees in electrical angle from these;
The first group and the second group of semiconductor switching elements inserted at both ends of the phase and second phase armature coils are controlled to be conductive by the A and B phase position detection signals, respectively. A first energization control circuit controls the energization of the coil and the B-phase armature coil in a predetermined order to generate output torque in one direction, and a first energization control circuit controls the A-phase and B-phase armature coils respectively. A DC power source supplied via a second diode, a reversely connected diode including an armature coil corresponding to the first group of semiconductor switching elements, and an armature coil corresponding to the second group of semiconductor switching elements. diodes connected in reverse, and armature currents of the A-phase and B-phase armature coils, respectively, and generate first and second detection voltages proportional to the armature current.
When the armature current detection circuit and the first and second detection voltages increase beyond the set value, one corresponding semiconductor switching element is turned non-conducting, and the magnetic energy stored in the armature coil is dissipated. Discharge occurs through another semiconductor switching element that is in conduction with the reversely connected diode, and when the discharge current decreases below a predetermined value, the semiconductor switching element that has become non-conductive is made conductive again. A chopper circuit that maintains the armature current at a set value and an armature coil whose energization is controlled by a position detection signal accumulate electricity in the armature coil when energization is stopped at the end of the position detection signal. The first and second
diodes, and these are blocked by the first,
A second capacitor is charged and held and converted into stored magnetic energy for the armature coil to be energized next.
A high-speed electric motor characterized by comprising an energization control circuit. (3) In a two-phase reluctance type electric motor, a position detection device that can obtain a single-phase position detection signal in which position detection signals with a width of 90 degrees are arranged in continuous electrical angles that do not overlap in time; The conduction of the first and second groups of semiconductor switching elements inserted at both ends of the first and second phase armature coils is controlled by a single-phase position detection signal.
a first energization control circuit that controls energization of the armature coils of the first phase and the second phase in a predetermined order to generate output torque in one direction; and the armature coils of the first phase and the second phase. A DC power supply that supplies power to the coil via a feedback prevention diode, and a first
a reversely connected diode including a group of semiconductor switching elements and a corresponding armature coil, and a reversely connected diode including a second group of semiconductor switching elements and a corresponding armature coil, and an armature of each armature coil; An armature current detection circuit detects each current and generates a detection voltage proportional to the armature current, and when the detection voltage increases beyond a set value, converts one corresponding semiconductor switching element into non-conductivity. , the magnetic energy stored in the armature coil is discharged through another semiconductor switching element that is in conduction with the reversely connected diode, and when the discharge current decreases below a predetermined value, it becomes non-conductive. A chopper circuit that once again conducts the semiconductor switching element that is in contact to maintain the armature current at a set value, and an armature coil that is energized by the position detection signal are de-energized at the end of the position detection signal. When the armature coil is turned off, the feedback prevention diode prevents the magnetic energy accumulated in the armature coil from being fed back to the DC power supply via the reversely connected diode, and the armature coil to be energized next is A high-speed electric motor comprising a second energization control circuit that converts stored magnetic energy into stored magnetic energy.