JPH02147768A - Formwork for forming concrete foundation - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To secure such a form that is high in accuracy and large in strength by fitting the lower end of a corrugated plate in the recess groove of a lower lock member and a recess groove of each upper lock member in an upper end of this corrugated plate, respectively, and maintaining an interval between the upper lock members at a specified space with a width lock member. CONSTITUTION:A slot 1a is formed in the ground 1 and concrete subslab 2 is placed on a bottom of this slot 1a, then a lower lock member 4 with a recess groove 4a in the longitudinal direction is welded to an upper part 3a of a metal lock piece 3. Next, a lower part 3b of this lock piece 3 is inset in concrete 2 before solidification and fixed. A lower end 5b of a keystone plate 5 with a corrugated groove 5a is fitted in the recess groove 4a of the lower lock member 4, making it stand erect. Then, each recess groove 6a of upper lock members 6, 6 with this recess groove 6a is fitted in each upper end 5c of plates 5, 5. In addition, holding a specified interval, a width lock member 7 is set up between these upper lock members 6, 6, and sand and earth 9 is reburied at the outside of the plate 5.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Industrial Field of Application This invention relates to a formwork method for forming concrete foundations such as underground beams and footings, and in particular to a formwork construction method for forming concrete foundations using easily formed formwork made of corrugated plates or the like. This relates to the method of forming formwork.

Conventional technology Conventional concrete foundations made of underground beams, footings, etc. are constructed by cutting roots, pouring concrete, marking the concrete, placing reinforcing bars, and placing formwork on the outside of the reinforcing bars. It was formed using a formwork method in which concrete was poured into the formwork.

In the above-mentioned conventional formwork method, single-assembly and disassembly type formwork and disposable formwork are used.

Conventional assembly and disassembly type formwork consists of erecting multiple shedding plates on top of the concrete, and connecting the sheathing plates using vertical bars, horizontal bars, ties, separators, spacers, etc. to maintain a predetermined spacing. It is formed as follows.

In addition, some conventional disposable forms are formed by assembling complex-shaped sheathing members and the like, which serve as exterior materials for concrete foundations, on the disposable concrete using holding members and the like.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention Conventional formwork construction methods require a high degree of skill because the formwork is formed using many members such as shedding plates, vertical bars, horizontal bars, ties, separators, and spacers. This method has the disadvantage that unskilled workers cannot efficiently form highly accurate formwork, and that it takes a lot of time and effort to form scaffolding for concrete pouring in addition to the formwork.

In addition, in the conventional formwork construction method, formwork constituent members such as weir boards, vertical bars, horizontal bars, ties, separators, spacers, etc. that form the formwork, supports that support the formwork, and shoring members such as columns However, there is a drawback that it takes a lot of effort to carry the members forming the concrete casting scaffold to and from the site.

The above-mentioned conventional disposable formwork, which is formed by discarding the weir board members and assembling them on concrete, has complicated shapes such as the weir board members, which are the main parts of the formwork, and requires a lot of effort to manufacture.
Another disadvantage is that it is not easy to form a mold.

The problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a formwork construction method for forming a concrete foundation that does not have the above-mentioned drawbacks.
In other words, the object of the present invention is to provide a formwork construction method for forming a concrete foundation that is very easy to form and does not require shoring, scaffolding for concrete pouring, or the like.

Means for Solving the Problems The structure of the present invention is to perform root cutting, pour concrete, place reinforcing bars on the concrete, form a formwork on the outside of the reinforcing bars, and In the formwork method in which a concrete foundation is formed by pouring concrete inside, after or before reinforcing bars are placed, waste concrete is placed to surround part or all of the concrete foundation formed in plan view. Fix the lower stopper member with grooves in the longitudinal direction on the top, fit the lower end of the corrugated plate with the corrugated grooves in the vertical direction into the groove of the lower stopper member to stand the corrugated plate, and set the upper end of the corrugated plate. The grooves of the upper stopper member having the grooves in the longitudinal direction are fitted into the upper stopper member, and the width stopper member is placed between the upper stopper members to maintain a predetermined distance between the upper stopper members, and then the corrugated plate is It is a formwork construction method in which the outside is backfilled with earth and sand, and concrete is poured into the formwork space surrounded by corrugated plates, etc., to form a concrete foundation.

For the lower stop member and the upper stop member, an elongated member with a groove in the longitudinal direction is used. There are lightweight groove-shaped steel, lightweight U-shaped steel, and shaped steel in which the short sides of two scalene angle steel are overlapped to form a U-shape and the short sides are joined together by welding.

The means to discard the lower stopper member and fix it to concrete include:
For example, (a) when pouring sacrificial concrete, a metal stopper such as an iron rod is placed protruding above the sacrificial concrete so that its upper part protrudes above the sacrificial concrete and its lower part is buried in the sacrificial concrete. (b) A through-hole is drilled at the bottom of the concave groove of the lower stopper, and a concrete nail is passed through this through-hole. There is a method in which the concrete nail is driven into the concrete and the lower fixing member is fixed to the concrete.

By using the means (a) above, the fixing work becomes easy and the fixing becomes reliable.

The means for maintaining the spacing between the upper stop members includes, for example,
(a) forming a width stopper member by fixing a fitting part with a recess shaped like the outer shape of the upper stopper member to a rigid rod at intervals corresponding to the width of the concrete foundation to be formed; (b) A metal rod is used as the Ill stopper member, and both ends of the metal rod are welded to the metal upper stopper member. There is a first prize.

By using the above-mentioned measure Ca), it is very easy to maintain the distance between the upper stop members, and since the width stop member is detachable from the upper stop member, it can be used many times.

As the corrugated plate, it is preferable to use a thin metal plate formed into a corrugated shape, for example, a keystone plate made of a thin iron plate with a thickness of about 0.5 am.

By using a corrugated plate, even a thin steel plate can have sufficient strength.Using a corrugated plate made of thin metal plate not only reduces material costs, but also makes it easier to shape the corrugated plate that will become the weir plate into the desired shape. etc., making it easier to form a formwork.

When a weir plate is composed of a plurality of corrugated plates, the side portions of each corrugated plate can be overlapped one by one and the corrugated portions can be fitted together and connected. Therefore, the work of connecting the weir plates becomes very easy.

In this invention, the lower stopper member and the corrugated plate.

The formwork consisting of the upper stopper member etc. can be buried, and when the formwork is buried, it becomes unnecessary to dismantle the formwork and carry out the dismantled material.

When filling the formwork, the formwork can be strengthened by partially joining the lower stopper member and the lower end of the corrugated plate, the upper stopper member and the upper end of the corrugated plate, etc., to each other by welding or the like. Can be done.

In addition, as a lower stop member and an upper stop member.

By using a material whose part or all is bent into an arc shape, it is possible to easily form a concrete foundation with curved parts such as an arc shape on the sides.

Operation This invention involves fitting the lower end of a corrugated plate having corrugated grooves in the vertical direction into the groove of the lower stopper member fixed on the concrete, and fitting the groove of the upper stopper member into the upper end of the corrugated plate. Since the upper stop members are held at a predetermined distance by the width stop members to form the formwork, it is easy to form the formwork.The fitting part of the width stop member can be attached and detached from the upper stop member. Forming the mold becomes very easy if the mold is fitted into the mold.

Embodiment A preferred first embodiment of the formwork construction method of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4.

As shown in FIG. 1, a groove 1a is formed by root cutting in the ground 1 that will form a concrete foundation, and concrete 2 is placed at the bottom of the groove 1a. When pouring the sacrificial concrete 2, a plurality of metal stoppers 3 such as iron rods are provided at intervals in the vicinity of the position where the lower stopper member 4 described later is disposed.

The stopper piece 3 is fixed by inserting its lower part 3b into the sacrificial concrete 2 before hardening so that its upper part 3a projects above the sacrificial concrete 2.

Then, after marking is done on the sacrificial concrete 2, reinforcing bars RB are placed on the sacrificial concrete 2.

Next, a formwork M is formed outside the reinforcing bar RB.

First, as shown in Fig. 2, a long and narrow U with grooves 4a in the longitudinal direction is formed on the concrete 2 so as to surround a part (or all) of the periphery on both sides of the concrete foundation formed in plan view. A lower stopper member (also called runner) 4.4 made of shaped steel or the like is provided. The lower stopper member 4.4 is welded to the upper part 3a of the metal stopper piece 3 on the concrete 2, and the lower stopper member 4.4 is fixed to the concrete 2. This work of arranging the lower stopper member can also be carried out before arranging the reinforcing bars RB.

The groove width of the groove 4a in the longitudinal direction of the lower stopper member 4 is approximately equal to the amplitude of the wave of the keystone plate 5, which is a corrugated plate.
The side parts of the keystone plates 5 are made large enough to fit together even if they overlap each other.

As shown in FIG. 1, a keystone plate 5 made of a steel plate with a corrugated groove 5a is inserted into the concave groove 4a of the lower stopper member 4.4 fixed on the concrete 2 by the upper part 3a of the metal stopper piece 3. The lower end 5b is fitted. The keystone plate 5 is fitted into the groove 4a of the lower stopper member 4 so that the groove 5a is vertically oriented.

A perforated plate 8, such as a lath mesh plate, is placed between the parts of the keystone plate 5.5 corresponding to the ends of the concrete foundation formed by one concrete pouring.

As shown in FIG. 4, the keystone plates 5.5 are made of a plurality of pieces, and the side parts 5d, 5d are overlapped with each other, and the corrugated parts are fitted into each other to connect them.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the groove 6a of the upper stopper member 6.6, which has a groove 6a in the longitudinal direction, is fitted into the upper end 5c of the keystone plate 5.5. As the upper stop member 6.6, one having the same structure as the lower stop member 4 is used.

For example, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the width stopper member 7 is provided with an iron channel member 7a having a rectangular cross section.
Recesses 7a1 having a shape that substantially matches the outer shape of the upper stopper member 6 at intervals corresponding to the width of the concrete foundation to be formed.
It is formed by fixing a steel plate fitting part 7a with a metal plate by welding or the like.

Then, a width stopper member 7 is placed between the upper stopper members 6, 6 at a predetermined interval in the longitudinal direction of the concrete foundation to be formed, and the recess 7a of the fitting portion 7a is inserted into the upper stopper member 7.
．． 6, and maintains the interval between the upper stop members 6.6 at a predetermined interval.

Next, the outside of the keystone plate 5.5 is filled with earth and sand 9, etc., and the formation of the formwork M is completed.

Concrete is poured into a formwork M surrounded by keystone plates 5.5, perforated plates 8, etc.

This is because the formwork M has sufficient strength and can sufficiently withstand the earth pressure caused by the backfilled earth and sand 9, etc.

The upper surface of earth and sand 9 can be used as a foothold. The formwork M will not be deformed even if a worker walks on it during concrete pouring.

After the concrete hardens, the backfilled earth and sand 9 can be excavated, and then the upper stopper member 6, keystone plate 5, etc. can be disassembled and taken out and backfilled again. It is more efficient to bury the 5th grade.

Since the width stopper member 7 only has its fitting portion 7a removably fitted to the upper stopper member 6.6, if the portion of the fitting portion 7a is not buried in the concrete, after the concrete hardens. , can be removed and reused.

Next, a second preferred embodiment of the formwork construction method of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 5 shows how to make a formwork M when forming a concrete foundation with corners A and B.

When forming a corner A of a concrete foundation, a lower stopper member 1 with a groove in the longitudinal direction on the concrete 12 is used.
4A and 14B are fixed so as to cross each other at right angles.

The fixing method is the same as in the first embodiment.

The lower end of the keystone plate 15 is fitted into the grooves of the lower stopper members 14A and 14B to stand up. When fitting the keystone plate 15, its corner A is bent.

An upper stop member 16 is attached to the upper end of the keystone plate 15.
Fit the concave grooves A and 16B, and attach the upper stop members 16A and 16.
The ends of B located at corner A are welded together and joined together.

Further, as necessary, as shown in FIG.
The upper stopper member 16 of corner A is fixed to B by welding or the like.
A and 16B may be reinforced.

Further, when forming a corner B of a concrete foundation, a lower stopper member 24 having a groove in the longitudinal direction is fixed on the sacrificial concrete 12 so as to intersect at right angles to the lower stopper member 14B. The fixing method is the same as in the first embodiment.

The lower end of the keystone plate 25 is fitted into the groove of the lower stopper member 24 to stand up. The height of the keystone plate 25 is higher than that of the keystone plate 15.

A longitudinal concave groove of the upper stopper member 26 is fitted into the upper end of the keystone plate 25 . Even if you try to weld the ends of the upper stopper member 16B and the upper stopper member 26 to each other at the corner B, it is not possible because the heights are different. In such a case, a thick metal plate can be bent into an L shape to reinforce it. A plate 30 is formed, and this reinforcing plate 30 is attached to the lower stop member 14B at the corner B.
, 24, the reinforcing plate 30 is fixed to the keystone plates 15, 25, the upper stop members 16B, 26, etc. by welding or the like, and the corner B is reinforced. The method of maintaining the distance between the upper stop members, the use of the formwork M, etc. are the same as in the first embodiment.

In addition, when using a particularly tall formwork (for example, 150 cm), insert a spacing member at a predetermined interval in the middle of the corrugated plate that will serve as the weir, and make sure that the middle of the keystone plate is bent inward by the tosho. However, in cases other than the above, it is not necessary to insert a spacing member between the corrugated plates.

Effects of the Invention In the formwork construction method of this invention, the lower end of a corrugated plate having vertically corrugated grooves is fitted into the groove of the lower stopper member fixed on the concrete, and the upper end of the corrugated plate is fitted onto the upper end of the corrugated plate. Since the formwork is formed by fitting the concave grooves of the stopper members and keeping the upper stopper members at a predetermined distance using the width stopper members, it is possible to easily form a formwork with high precision and great strength. There is an effect that can be done. Therefore, while using unskilled people,
It is very economical because the construction period can be shortened and there is no need for shoring, scaffolding, etc.

Further, by burying the formwork members such as the lower stopper member, the corrugated board, and the upper stopper member, it is possible to eliminate the need for dismantling the formwork and carrying out the dismantled material, which helps to shorten the construction period.

Furthermore, if the fitting portion of the width stopper member is removably fitted to the upper stopper member, the formwork can be formed very easily and can be removed and reused after assimilation of concrete.

Note that a circular foundation can also be formed using a similar formwork method.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 4 show a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a front view of a formwork formed on sacrificial concrete taken along line I-I in FIG. 3, and FIG. The figure shows a plan view of the reinforcing bars placed on the waste concrete and the lower stopper member fixed, Figure 3 is a plan view of the formwork etc. formed on the waste concrete, and Figure 4 shows the keystone plate attached to the lower stopper member. The plan view of the fitted state, FIG. 5, is the second embodiment of this invention.
It is a perspective view which shows a part of formwork when forming the concrete foundation with a corner part and a corner part of an Example. In the figure, 1 is the ground, 2 is concrete, 3 is a metal stopper, 4. 14A, 14B and 24 are lower stop members,
4a and 6a are concave grooves, 5.15 and 25 are keystone plates, 6.16A, 16B and 26 are upper stop members, 7 is a width stop member, 7a is a fitting part, 8 is a perforated plate, 2
0 is a reinforcing piece, 3o is a reinforcing plate, and RB is a reinforcing bar. Patent applicant: Takenaka Corporation

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Root cutting is performed, concrete is poured, reinforcing bars are placed on top of the concrete, a formwork is formed outside the reinforcing bars, and concrete is poured into the formwork. In the formwork construction method in which concrete foundations are formed by placing concrete foundations, after or before reinforcing steel is placed, a piece of concrete is placed on top of the sacrificial concrete in the longitudinal direction so as to surround part or all of the periphery of the concrete foundation to be formed in plan view. Fix a lower stopper member with a groove in the upper end of the corrugated plate, fit the lower end of the corrugated plate with a groove in the vertical direction into the groove of the lower stopper member, stand the corrugated plate up, and attach the upper end of the corrugated plate in the longitudinal direction. After fitting the grooves of the upper stopper member with grooves, and placing the width stopper member between the upper stopper members to maintain a predetermined distance between the upper stopper members, fill the outside of the corrugated plate with earth, sand, etc. A formwork construction method for forming a concrete foundation, characterized by placing concrete in the formwork space surrounded by corrugated plates, etc. 2. When pouring concrete, place a metal stopper such as an iron rod on top of the concrete so that its upper part protrudes above the concrete and its lower part is buried in the concrete. 2. A formwork construction method for forming a concrete foundation according to claim 1, wherein the lower stopper member is discarded and fixed by welding to the metal stopper piece on the concrete. 3. The recesses of the fitting portions formed at both ends of the width stopper member are removably fitted into the upper stopper member to maintain a predetermined distance between the upper stopper members. A formwork method for forming concrete foundations. 4. As a width stopper, a fitting part with a recess whose shape approximately matches the outer shape of the upper stopper member is fixed to a rigid rod-shaped body at intervals corresponding to the width of the concrete foundation to be formed. The formwork construction method for forming a concrete foundation according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a formed formwork is used. 5. According to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a plurality of thin corrugated plates are used as the corrugated plate, and the side portions of the corrugated plates are overlapped and the corrugated portions are fitted into each other and connected. Formwork method for forming the concrete foundation described. 6. U in cross section as lower stop member and upper stop member
Claims 1 to 5 characterized in that an elongated member with a letter-shaped portion is used and a keystone plate is used as the corrugated plate.
A formwork method for forming a concrete foundation according to any one of the above. 7. Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the formwork consisting of the lower stopper member, the corrugated plate, the upper stopper member, etc. is buried.
A formwork method for forming a concrete foundation according to any one of the above.