JPH02140421A - Adiabatic engine with turbocharger - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve air intake efficiency and suppress production of polluting matters by providing compressors to be turned by No. 1 and No. 2 turbines in downstream and upstream of an oxygen enrichment device, respectively. CONSTITUTION:When a signal for detecting the flow of fuel for an engine 1 is received from a load sensor 12, turbochargers 2 and 3 are started to blow air and an air pressure regulating mechanism 61 are controlled, both of which are related to enrichment action of an oxygen enrichment device 4, according to the detecting signals from a pressure sensor 15 for detecting the sucked air pressure for the engine 1 and an oxygen sensor 16 for detecting the amount of oxygen in the sucked air. By this, the sucked air in an oxygen density according to the load on the engine can be obtained and the production of nitrogen oxide and soot is suppressed since the air intake pressure is controlled at proper low level. Also, a cooler 5 cools a supercharger by means of air supplied from the oxygen enrichment device 4 by a compressor 32. Thus, sucked air temperature for the engine 1 becomes low and air intake efficiency is raised.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to an adiabatic engine with a turbocharger that incorporates oxygen-enriched air by installing an oxygen enrichment device in the intake flow path of the engine.

(Prior Art) In recent years, adiabatic engines have been developed that use ceramics in the combustion chamber of the engine, such as the cylinder litchi, cylinder head, piston head, piston ring, valves, intake and exhaust ports, and other parts.

This type of adiabatic engine does not require cooling of the cylinder lychee or cylinder head, so it not only eliminates the need for a radiator system, but also has a simpler engine structure, which reduces the overall weight of the engine compared to conventional engines. It is significantly lighter and its volume is smaller than conventional ones. In this type of adiabatic engine, the temperature of the exhaust gas after combustion is high and the energy of the exhaust gas is large, so this exhaust gas energy can be used to drive the exhaust turbine, and the generated torque can be used to operate the compressor to supercharge the engine, or Proposals have been made to attach a generator to the exhaust turbine and recover exhaust gas energy as electrical energy.

On the other hand, attempts have been made to create an adiabatic engine in which an oxygen enrichment device equipped with an oxygen enrichment membrane or the like is installed in the engine's intake flow path to inhale air rich in oxygen components and efficiently burn the supplied fuel. .

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) In a compression ignition diesel engine that employs the above-mentioned adiabatic structure, the air that is adiabatically compressed by contacting the inner wall of the engine, which is insulated and kept at a high temperature, is compressed at the compression end. This poses a problem in that nitrogen oxides (NOx) and soot are likely to be generated due to combustion due to high temperature and high pressure.

Furthermore, when air compressed by a turbocharger is supplied to an adiabatic engine, there is a drawback that when the engine is under high load, high temperature and pressure air is taken in, reducing intake efficiency.

The present invention was made in view of such problems,
The purpose is to provide an adiabatic engine with a turbocharger that improves the intake efficiency of the adiabatic engine and suppresses the production of pollutants contained in exhaust gas.

(Means for Solving the Problems) According to the present invention, in an adiabatic engine in which an oxygen enrichment device is provided in the middle of the intake pipe, first and second turbines are provided in series in the middle of the exhaust passage of the engine, and the first turbine A turbocharged adiabatic engine is provided, in which a compressor rotated by a second turbine is provided in an intake pipe downstream of the oxygen enrichment device, and a compressor rotated by a second turbine is provided on the air supply side to the oxygen enrichment device. be done.

(Function) The present invention is based on detection signals from a pressure sensor that detects the intake pressure provided at the intake inlet of the engine, an oxygen sensor that detects the amount of oxygen contained in the intake air, and a load sensor that detects the fuel flow rate. Since the oxygen enrichment operation and the intake air pressure are controlled, there is an effect that low pressure intake air having an oxygen concentration according to the engine load condition can be obtained.

(Example) Next, an example of the present invention will be described in detail using the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure, 1 is an adiabatic diesel engine, and ceramics, which serve as a fire-resistant insulating material, are used in the combustion chamber parts such as the cylinder litchi, cylinder head, piston head, piston ring, pulp, and intake/exhaust ports. .

Reference numeral 11 denotes an injection pump that supplies fuel to the engine 1, and the flow rate of the supplied fuel is detected by a load sensor 12. Reference numeral 17 denotes a rotation sensor that detects the number of revolutions of the engine 1.

2 is the first turbocharger, and the engine 1 is the exhaust pipe 1.
3. The first turbine 21 is connected to the intake pipe 14 and driven to rotate by the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust pipe 13;
The operation of the first compressor 22 driven by this turbine torque forces the supercharging air into the engine 1 through the intake pipe 14. And the first turbine 21
A first electric mechanism 23 is mounted on a rotating shaft connecting the first compressor 22 and the first compressor 22 .

3 is a second turbocharger, which is driven by the residual gas energy discharged from the first turbocharger 2, and includes a second turbine 31, a second compressor 32,
It has a second electric mechanism 33. and second turbine 3
The second compressor 32 driven by the torque of the second compressor 32 sucks outside air and sends it to the input side of the oxygen enrichment device 4, and also connects the air from the ventilation output side of the oxygen enrichment device 4 through the air supply pipe 42 to the intake pipe 14. The structure is such that air is blown to a cooler 5 installed in the cooler 5 for cooling operation.

The oxygen enrichment device 4 allows only oxygen from the high pressure air sent from the second compressor 32 to permeate through the oxygen enrichment membrane 41, and the permeated oxygen-rich air is sent from the oxygen output side to the first The air is sucked in by the compressor 22 and becomes combustion air for the engine 1 via the intake pipe 14.

In addition, the above-mentioned oxygen enrichment membrane 41 is made of, for example, a 0.1 μm film made of a copolymer of dimethylsiloxane and polycarbonate.
A thin film with a thickness of approximately 1.5 m is used, and has the property of allowing only oxygen to pass through from high-pressure air, resulting in air with a higher oxygen concentration than usual.

The intake pipe 14, which serves as a passage for the oxygen-enriched air compressed by the first compressor 22, includes an air valve 6 for controlling air pressure, and a cooler that is cooled by air supplied from the ventilation output side of the oxygen enrichment device 4. 5, a pressure sensor 15 that detects the oxygen-enriched air pressure, and an oxygen sensor 16 that detects the oxygen concentration of the oxygen-enriched air are respectively arranged.

The air valve 6 is controlled by an air pressure control mechanism 61 that operates in response to a command from a controller, which will be described later, and the pressure sensor 15 and oxygen sensor 16 are configured to send detection signals to the controller 7, respectively.

The controller 7 consists of a microcomputer, and is equipped with a central processing unit that performs arithmetic processing, various memories that store arithmetic results, control processing procedures, etc., a human/output board, etc., and detects signals from the various sensors mentioned above. Then,
It is configured such that commands are issued to the pneumatic control mechanism 61, the first electric mechanism 23, the second electric mechanism 33, etc. to control each of them according to a stored predetermined procedure.

Note that a battery 8 serves as a power source for the controller 7, and also supplies power to the first and second electric mechanisms 23, 33, and the first and second compressors 22, 33 connected to each other.
This assists the supercharging and air supply operations of 32.

Next, the operation of this embodiment configured as described above will be explained.

The engine 1 is operated by supplying fuel from the injection pump 11, and the exhaust gas from the engine 1 is sent to the first turbine 21 of the first turbocharger 2 to drive the first compressor 22. The exhaust gas is sent to the second turbine 31 to drive the second compressor 32.

By driving this second compressor 32, outside air is sucked in and pressurized outside air is supplied to the oxygen enrichment device 4.
Only the pressurized oxygen in the outside air passes through the oxygen enrichment membrane 41 and reaches the oxygen output side, and is supplied to the engine 1 through the intake pipe 14 as a flow path by the compression operation of the first compressor 22, and becomes combustion air. .

On the other hand, in the air sent to the oxygen enrichment device 4 by the second compressor 32, although part of the oxygen passes through the oxygen enrichment membrane 41, the remaining air is passed through the air supply pipe 42 from the air output side. The oxygen-enriched air that reaches the cooler 5 and uses the intake pipe 14 as a flow path is cooled, thereby cooling the intake air (oxygen-enriched air) of the engine 1 and improving the intake efficiency of the engine. become.

Next, when the load sensor 12 provided in the injection pump 11 detects the flow rate of fuel supplied to the engine 1, the pressure sensor 15 and the oxygen sensor 1 arranged in the intake pipe 14
The detection signal from 6 is input to the controller 7, and air having the required amount of oxygen according to the fuel flow rate is maintained by controlling the air valve 6 to keep the boost pressure low, and is sucked into the engine 1. .

At this time, the air valve 6 is controlled by issuing a control command from the controller 7 to the air pressure control mechanism 61.
When the operation of the first and second compressors 22 and 32 related to the operation of the oxygen enrichment device 4 is insufficient, the power from the battery 8 is transmitted to the first or second 21f compressor mechanism to operate the compressor on the same axis. This will assist in air supply operation.

FIG. 2 is a process flow diagram showing an example of the operation of this embodiment, and the process will be explained based on the figure.

In step 1, the load and rotation speed of the engine 1 are detected from the detection signals from the load sensor 12 and the rotation sensor 17, and the oxygen concentration and rotation speed corresponding to the load and the fuel flow rate in the rotation state are detected.
Calculate the amount in step 2.

In step 3, the rotation signal N of the rotation sensor 17 is compared with the predetermined rotation speed Na shown in FIG. Compare with engine load La. Mo and L
>La, control is performed in step 5.6 to drive the first rotating machine 23 as an electric motor and close the air valve 6 to increase the oxygen concentration and amount of the intake air. In addition, step 4
If the engine load is smaller than La, step 1
0, the air valve 6 is activated to dilute the oxygen content, and the first rotary machine 23 is electrically driven to operate as a generator without increasing the speed, and absorbs the torque of the first turbine 21 to increase the oxygen content. Suppresses the operation of supplying converted air.

In step 7, the detection signal P8 from the pressure sensor 15 is checked and compared with the pressure PBN corresponding to the calculated load. If PB>P, the process proceeds to step 8. Here, the detection signal from the oxygen sensor 16 is shown. and the oxygen concentration corresponding to the calculated load. , 4 is compared,
If Do>DON, fuel control is performed in step 9. Note that when the signal P8 from the pressure sensor 15 is small in step 7, the first rotary positioner 23 is
The speed is increased to increase the intake pressure, and in step 8, the oxygen concentration is increased. If the speed is small, the process proceeds to step 13 to increase the speed of the second rotating machine 33 to increase the amount of air supplied to the oxygen enrichment device 4, and at the same time, in step 14, check the oxygen concentration D0 after increasing the speed. If the concentration is still low, control is performed in step 15 to roughly accelerate the second rotary i machine 33 to strengthen the air supply to the oxygen enrichment device 4.

The rotation signal N from the rotation sensor 17 in the previous step 3
If the engine load is larger than the predetermined rotational speed Na, the engine load is checked in step 16, but if the load signal is larger than the set load amount Lb shown in FIG.
Proceed to step 7 and close the air valve 6 to cut off the outside air.

Next, in step 18, the boost pressure signal Pa from the pressure sensor 15 is checked, and if Pa>P, the first rotary positioner 23 is activated to generate power in step 20 to decelerate the first compressor 22, and then step In step 21, the boost pressure pH is checked to control the operation of the first rotating machine 23, and if pa<PBN, the process proceeds to step 23.

Here, the oxygen concentration is checked based on the signal from the oxygen sensor 16, and if Do>DON, the fuel is controlled in step 24.

When the oxygen concentration DO detected in step 23 is small, the process proceeds to step 25, where the speed of the second rotating machine 23 is increased to promote oxygen enrichment operation, and the counter value provided in the controller 7 is turned on. However, if the counter value is 3 or less, the process returns from step 27 to step 23 to check the oxygen concentration.

If the counter value in step 27 reaches 3,
Without returning to checking the oxygen concentration, a fault signal is issued and the air valve 6 is opened to introduce outside air.

If the load signal from the load sensor 12 is smaller than Lb in step 16, the process proceeds to step 29, where the air valve 6 is opened and deceleration control is performed by the power generation operation of the first and second rotary machines. This will control the load operation of the oxygen enrichment device 4.

Note that each of the regions (a) to (d) shown in the operating region explanatory diagram of FIG. 3 indicates the region corresponding to the processing of (a) to (d) in the above processing flow diagram. .

Although the present invention has been described above with reference to the above embodiments, various modifications can be made within the scope of the gist of the present invention, and these modifications are not excluded from the scope of the present invention.

(Effects of the Invention) According to the present invention, when a detection signal from a load sensor that detects the fuel flow rate of the engine is input, a pressure sensor that detects the intake pressure of the engine and an oxygen sensor that detects the amount of oxygen in intake air are input. The air supply operation of the first and second turbochargers related to the enrichment operation of the oxygen enrichment device and the air pressure control means are controlled in accordance with the detection signal from the oxygen enrichment device, so that the intake air has an oxygen concentration according to the engine load. At the same time, the pressure of the intake air is appropriately controlled to a low level, resulting in the effect of suppressing the production of nitrogen oxides and soot.

Further, according to the present invention, since the cooler cools the supercharged air by the air sent from the oxygen enrichment device by the second compressor,
The effect of lowering the temperature of the intake air of the engine and increasing the intake efficiency can also be obtained.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a configuration block diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG.
The figure is a process flow diagram showing an example of the operation of this embodiment, and FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the operation area corresponding to the process in the process flow diagram. 1... Engine, 2... First turbocharger, 3
...first turbocharger, 4...oxygen enrichment device,
5... Cooler, 6... Air valve, 7... Controller, 11... Injection pump, 12... Load sensor, 1
4... Intake pipe, 15... Pressure sensor, 16... Oxygen sensor, 23... First electric mechanism, 33... Second'
U1 movement mechanism, 61... pneumatic control mechanism. Patent applicant: Isuy Ceramics Laboratory Co., Ltd.
Patent Attorney Minoru Tsuji Engineer Kousunyumizu N

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) In an adiabatic engine with an oxygen enrichment device installed in the middle of the intake pipe, a first and a second turbine are installed in series in the middle of the exhaust passage of the engine, and the compressor rotated by the first turbine is connected to the oxygen enrichment device. An adiabatic engine with a turbocharger, characterized in that a compressor is provided in an intake pipe downstream and rotated by a second turbine on the air supply side to an oxygen enrichment device. (2) In an adiabatic engine with a turbocharger, in which supercharging air is supplied by a turbocharger with an electric mechanism and a compressor attached to the rotating shaft of a turbine driven by exhaust energy, and the combustion chamber of the engine has an insulated structure, an oxygen enrichment device that permeates oxygen from high-pressure air to enrich oxygen components; a first turbocharger that supercharges the oxygen-enriched air from the oxygen enrichment device to the engine; A cooler installed in the supercharged air flow path to cool the supercharged air, and a cooler driven by the exhaust gas from the first turbocharger to supply high-pressure air to the oxygen enrichment device, and the remaining air deprived of oxygen. a second turbocharger configured to supply air to the cooler for operation; an air pressure control unit provided in the supercharging air flow path to introduce outside air and control the intake air pressure; It is equipped with a pressure sensor that detects pressure, an oxygen sensor that detects the amount of oxygen in intake air, and a load sensor that detects the flow rate of fuel supplied to the engine. 2. An adiabatic engine with a turbocharger, comprising a control means for controlling the air supply operation of the two turbochargers and the air pressure control means to adjust the intake pressure of the engine and the oxygen concentration in the intake air.