JPH02132291A - Underground connection construction method and shield excavator thereof for shield tunnel - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve safety excellent in stop water, sheathing, etc., by providing connection ring plates mutually protruded and adapted further both the connection ring plates with their adapted ends agreeing in good accuracy. CONSTITUTION:In the case of a shield excavator 1 forming an outer shell by skin plates 2 and providing main cutters 3, a jack 13, extruding a connection ring plate 10, is provided so as to be supported by a spherical bearing 14 at a variable angle. Next in the time of tunnel excavation in its final stage, the natural ground G is connected by a drilling freezing pipe 19, and an extruding jack 13 is actuated. Here the jack 13, while changing an angle in accordance with a tilt of the connection ring plate 10, performs extruding action sliding the connection ring plate 10 to be protruded along the skin plate 2. The fellow ring plates in the point end are adapted, disconnecting space in a part of the rest natural ground Ga from the natural ground G, and the rest of the natural ground Ga is excavated.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Industrial Application Fields The present invention is a shield machine that excavates from both ends of the ground using two shield excavators and connects them in the middle to construct a single tunnel. This article concerns the underground joint method for tunnels and its seal excavator.

<Prior art> When constructing a tunnel using two shield tunneling machines, one of the shield tunneling machines excavates one side of the tunnel, and the other shield tunneling machine excavates the other side of the tunnel. Segments are assembled on each rear tunnel wall as the excavation progresses.

In addition, at the joint where the tunnels excavated from both sides join together, the excavation should be stopped while leaving the ground at an interval of about 30 to 100 cm so that the cutters at the front ends of both shield excavators do not come into contact with each other. I have to.

In this case, the tunnel wall up to the excavation stop is covered with a segment and a cylindrical skin plate that constitutes the outer shell of the seal excavator near a portion of the cutter. Therefore, although there is no problem with water-stopping and earth-retaining the tunnel walls, when excavating the remaining ground at the tunnel joint, it is necessary to take measures in advance to stop water and install earth-retaining caps around the joint.

For example, a so-called freezing method is known as a construction method for safely excavating this remaining ground and joining a tunnel.

This involves embedding perforated freezing tubes radially from the skin plate into the ground around the joint, with a plurality of trees tilted 41 at the required pitches, thereby first freezing the surrounding ground and turning it into frozen soil. Next, parts of the cutters of both shield excavators, their driving equipment, parts, etc. are dismantled and removed, the remaining ground between the shield excavators is excavated, and the excavated wall surface is lined with concrete etc. This is a construction method that connects them as a tunnel.

In addition, as another construction method, there is a construction method called a mechanical joining construction method in contrast to the above example.

A penetrating link plate that can protrude is provided at the front end of the skin plate of one shield tunneling machine, and a penetration chamber in which the penetrating link plate is housed is formed at the front end of the skin plate of the other shield tunneling machine. At the remote position where the excavation machine has stopped digging, the penetrating ring plate is advanced into the penetrating chamber to cover the remaining ground surrounding the tunnel joint. Next, as in the previous example, there is a method of dismantling the driving equipment, excavating the remaining ground, and joining the tunnel.

<Problem to be solved by the invention> In the former freezing construction method, both shield excavators, that is, the skin brazers, do not come into contact with each other, so even if the ground is frozen, water stoppage and earth retention cannot be completed. However, there were still some safety issues that required management of frozen soil during excavation of the remaining ground.

The latter mechanical joining method solves the problems of the freezing method, but in order to accurately fit the penetration link plate into the penetration chamber, the joining angles of both seal excavators must be precisely matched. Of course, the above construction method lacked reliability given that conditions such as the quality of the ground differ depending on the location. In particular, as the length and diameter of the tunnel increases, the above-mentioned penetration accuracy tends to decrease further, which poses a serious problem in the water-stopping effect and earth-retaining effect that are more required.

The present invention is provided to solve the above problems.

An object of the present invention is to provide a shield tunneling machine with connecting ring plates that protrude and abut against each other to achieve a mechanical connection, and to align the contact ends of both connecting link plates with extremely high accuracy to prevent water leakage, earth retention, etc. The object of the present invention is to obtain a tunnel joining method that can realize excellent and highly safe work, and a seal excavator for the same.

Another object of the present invention is to form a space by excavating the surrounding ground from which the joining ring plates will advance, using the excavated ground debris, when bringing the joining link plates into contact with each other, so that the joining ring plates can move smoothly. An object of the present invention is to obtain a method for joining tunnels that enables easy advancement and mutual abutment, and a seal excavator for the same.

Means for Solving the Problems> In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has an outer shell formed of a skin plate, and a tunnel is formed from both ends of the ground using a seal excavator equipped with a rotary main cutter. This is an underground connection method for shield tunnels in which excavation is promoted and both tunnels are joined midway.The outer circumferential cutter installed in the main cutter and recessed in the radial direction is used to excavate the part of the skin plate facing the propulsion, and at the same time, the main cutter is An over cutter that retracts diagonally outward in the direction of propulsion excavates the area between the opposing skin plates at a required interval at the tunnel joint, and then the front end of the skin plate is excavated using an extrusion jack supported by a spherical bearing with a variable attitude angle. The joint ring plates, which are slidably provided on the inner circumference, are pushed out and brought into contact with each other, and the excavation drive and other equipment of the seal excavator are then dismantled and removed to remove the remains of the tunnel joint covered with the joint ring plates. This is a construction method designed to eliminate

In this case, the ground near the outer periphery of the joining link plate may be frozen and excavation may be performed between the opposing skin plates.

In addition, a pocket is formed on the outer periphery of the joint link plate to fold and store the flexible bag body, and after the joint ring plates come into contact with each other, a filler is injected into the bag body to swell it and press it against each other. It is also possible to form a secondary voltage-resistant part.

The above-mentioned shield tunneling machine that performs underground bonding uses a bonding ring plate that is slidably provided on the inner periphery of the front end of the skin plate as a bonding device, and a bonding ring plate that is pushed out and supported by a spherical bearing in a variable attitude angle. The cutter device consists of a main cutter that excavates the propulsion surface of the shield tunneling machine, an outer circumferential cutter that comes out and retracts from the main cutter in the radial direction to excavate the outer circumference of the propulsion, and a cutter that excavates the propulsion outer periphery from the main cutter. It may be configured with an over cutter that comes in and out on the side and excavates the protruding area of the joining ring plate.

Function> The jack that pushes out the joining link plate is supported by spherical bearings at different angles to the skin plate, etc. Therefore, even if the propulsion angle of both shield tunneling machines, that is, the joining angle of the skin plate deviates, the joint link plate extruded from the skin plate will be in even contact with the entire surface (entire circumference) of the contact surface. The extrusion shack changes its angle according to the inclination of the joining link plate and then performs extrusion operation. As a result, the joint ring plates always come into contact with each other on the entire surface, resulting in a water-stopping effect. Effectively exerts earth retaining action to ensure safe subsequent work.

In addition, the ground around the joint where the joint ring plate protrudes is excavated using a saichi har cutter to form a space, so that the joint link plate can be extruded smoothly.
It can also be operated reliably.

<Embodiments> Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

1 and 2 are a cross-sectional side view and a half-cut front view showing the configuration of the main parts of a shield tunneling machine used in the joining method according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional side view and a half-cut front view of the shield tunneling machine described above. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional side view showing a joined state of a tunnel joint portion according to the present invention.

In the figure, the shield tunneling machine 1 is equipped with a disc-shaped rotary main cutter 3 on the front end surface of a cylindrical skin plate 2 constituting its outer shell, which excavates a tunnel T in the direction of propulsion. do. The inner wall of the excavated tunnel T is assembled into segments S by known means. Reference numeral 4 designates a support shaft that supports the main cutter 3 at its rotation center, and reference numeral 5 designates a rotation shaft that supports appropriate locations of the main cutter 3 at a plurality of concentric positions. This rotating shaft 5 is connected to a drive motor 7 attached to a partition wall 6 through a gear mechanism 8, so that the main cutter 3 rotates around the support shaft 4. A plurality of drive motors 7 are provided as necessary.

Reference numeral 9 denotes a propulsion jack, whose base end 9a side is attached to a bearing pressure plate 6a provided on the partition wall 6, and whose active end 9b side is brought into contact with the end face of the segment S, so that the entire seal excavator 1 is moved as the cutter 3 progresses in excavation. Promote. This propulsion jack 9 is
A plurality of them are provided near the inner circumferential wall of the skin plate 2 at appropriate intervals.

Reference numeral 10 denotes a joining ring plate, which is slidably provided on the inner circumferential surface of the skin plate 2 on the forward end side. This joint ring plate 10 is attached to the remaining ground G between the opposite sides, which is the tunnel joint, when the seal excavator 1 stops opposing each other at appropriate intervals in the final stage of tunnel excavation from both ends of the ground.
It is used to cover part a (see Figure 3).

Therefore, the amount of sliding movement is set to such an extent that approximately half of the opposing gap can be covered. This joining ring plate 1
The sliding gap between the inner periphery of the skin plate 2 and the seal member 1
l is interposed to prevent muddy water and the like from entering through the sliding gap -E when covering the remaining ground Ga. Further, attached freezing tubes 12a and 12b are provided on the outer circumference of the joint link plate 10 and the inner circumference of the front end of the skin plate 2. The pasted freezing tubes 12a and 12b are connected to a freezing device (not shown) as in the conventional case, and refrigerant is circulated as required.

13 is an extrusion jack. This extrusion jack l3
connects the tip of the working rod 13a to the joining ring plate 10, and pushes out the joining link plate 10 at the time of tunnel joining described above, so that it slides and protrudes from the skin plate 2. This extrusion shack l3 is supported by a spherical bearing 14 on a component of the bulkhead 6 of the seal excavator 1, and the connecting portion between the working rod 13a and the joining link plate 10 is also supported by a spherical bearing or a universal joint 15 such as a cross joint. It is connected with. By supporting the extrusion jack 13 using the spherical bearing l4, even if the sliding axis of the joining link plate 10 relative to the skin plate 2 is inclined and protrudes, as will be described later, the extrusion jack 13 and/or the skin plate 2, etc. This prevents unnecessary extrusion stress from being applied to the Further, by using the universal joint 15, the pushing jack 13 can be operated more smoothly in the above state.

16 is an over cutter, and is provided on the outer periphery of the excavation surface of the main cutter 3 so as to protrude and retract diagonally outward in the excavation driving direction. In the illustrated example, they are provided at two symmetrical locations. Reference numeral 16a denotes a jack for causing the overcutter 16 to move in and out. This over cutter l6
The amount of protrusion is set to be slightly larger than the outer diameter of the excavation or the outer diameter of the skin plate 2, and this, together with the diagonal protrusion, allows the remaining ground Ga at the tunnel joint to be removed from the skin plate 2 at the required time. Excavate the surrounding area. That is, a space is formed by excavating between the opposing skin plates of the tunnel joint, so that the smooth sliding protrusion of the joint ring plate IO described above is not hindered, and it is possible to completely contact from both directions. There are things you can do.

17 is a conventionally known outer circumferential cutter, and a jack 17a
The main cutter 3 emerges and retracts from the main cutter 3 in its radial direction to excavate the ground G portion of the skin plate 2 facing the propulsion portion.

In this embodiment, this outer cutter, a main cutter 3 that excavates the propulsion facing surface of the shield excavator 1, and an over cutter 16 that partially excavates the space between the opposing skin plates 2 at the tunnel joint are used to form the shield excavator. 1 cutter device Cu is configured.

18 is the main cutter 3 and bulkhead 6 of the shield excavator l
This is a conventionally known stirring device installed at the lower side of the space formed by the main cutter 3, etc., and stirs the top of the excavation and muddy water taken in to smoothly discharge the soil using the soil removal device (not shown). .

When excavating and constructing a tunnel T using two shield excavators L configured as described above, excavation is performed from both ends of the ground using the same procedure as before, from the beginning of excavation to the final tunnel junction point. . When the two tunnels have been excavated to the joint where they merge, both shield excavators 1
．． Excavation and propulsion are stopped at a required interval at which the cutters 3, 3 of No. 1 do not come into contact with each other, for example, about 30~]00c+++.

This will be explained below with reference to FIG.

FIG. 3 shows a state in which the tunnel joining work has been completed, or when the shield tunneling machine 1.1 stops excavating and propelling, the joining link plate 10.10 has not yet slid and protruded, and the skin plate It remains stored in 2,2. Therefore, the tunnel joining position is the main cutter 3.
, 3 and the remaining ground Ga between the opposing skin plates 2 and 3 and the ground G around the skin plates 2 and 2 are in a continuous state.

Then, for example, the attached freezing tubes 12a and 12b are activated, and furthermore, the perforated freezing tubes 19 are arranged radially from the skin plates 2 and 2 into the ground G on the outer periphery, and the area around this tunnel joint is Freeze the ground G.

After this freezing, the overcutter 16 of one of the seal excavators 1, for example, the overcutter 1 on the left side in FIG.
6 is operated to protrude from the main cutter 3, and the main cutter 3 is rotationally driven.

Then, as the overcutter 16 protrudes, the surrounding area of the corresponding remaining ground Ga is excavated. In this case, when the overcutter 16 reaches the excavation outer diameter corresponding to the portion between the opposing skin plates 2, that is, the protruding area of the joint ring plate 10, approximately half of the remaining ground Ga is removed in the thickness direction. It is only necessary to set the inclination angle of the overcutter 16 so as to slide the excavation. In addition, excavation with the over cutter 16 can be carried out after both shield excavators have stopped facing each other at the tunnel junction position, or the Saiichi har cutter 16 can be excavated at the same time from one of the shield excavators l, which arrived first. It is also possible to carry out advance excavation by operating the protrusion.

Next, the overcutter 16 that has completed the excavation is pulled into the main cutter 3, and the opposite overcutter 16 (the right overcutter in the above example) is operated to excavate the area around the remaining ground Ga in the same manner as described above. As this excavation progresses, the thickness around the remaining ground Ga becomes thinner, and finally the rotating main cutter 3 collapses the entire remaining ground Ga, joining both tunnel spaces.

As a result, if the over cutter 16 and the outer circumferential cutter 17, 17 for the post-work are protruding, they are also pulled into the main cutters 3, 3, and the push-out jacks 13, 1: 1 are operated.

By the operation of the push-out jacks 13, I3, the joint ring plates 10.10 slide and protrude along the skin plates 2, 2, and their tips abut against each other, thereby separating the inner space, that is, the space of the remaining ground Ga portion, and the skin plate 2. , 2 and the surrounding ground G (the state shown in Fig. 3). When the joint link plate 10.10 is projected, since there are no obstructions such as ground Ga remaining in the projecting area, the projecting operation by the pusher shack 13 can be carried out smoothly.

By the way, the shield tunneling machine 1.1 may stop facing each other in a slightly inclined state because the propulsion axes of both skin plates 2, 2 do not coincide with each other.

In this case, the amount of protrusion of the connecting link plates 10, 10 that protrude from both sides and come into contact with each other is not necessarily equal. Therefore, if the joint link plate 10.10 is projected at a state where the joint angles do not match fm, the reaction force will be applied to the skin plate 2.2 and/or the extrusion shack 13,l'' when their parts come into contact with each other. l is loaded.

However, since the push-out jack 13.13, which directly receives the sliding protrusion load, is supported by a spherical bearing 14.14, the push-out jack 1:l, +
Depending on the direction of the bias stress applied to the spherical bearing 14,
．． The support angle of the pusher jack 1"l, 1:1 changes around 14. That is, the pusher jack 13.1 is moved so that the vectors generated between the main body of the pusher jack 13.13 and the working rods 13a, 13a are always the same. : The posture of l changes.This causes the skin plates 2, 2 and/or
Alternatively, the push-out jacks 1:1, 13 can be avoided from damage due to unnecessary stress.

In addition, in the above case, the pushing jack 1:l, 13 changes the pushing movement amount depending on the arrangement position due to the above attitude change by the spherical bearing 14.14, so that the sliding axis and direction of both joining link plates 10.10 In other words, reliable contact with no gaps can be achieved. This also includes pusher jacks 1 3 , 1 . 3 working rod 1
3a, 13a and the joint ring plate 10.10 by the universal joint 15, Is, the above-mentioned posture can be handled more flexibly.

Thereby, it is possible to reliably prevent underground water, mud, etc. from flowing into the tunnel T from the ground G around the skin plates 2, 2. Then, it becomes possible to safely dismantle and transport equipment such as the excavation drive such as the cutter device Cu and the drive motor 7, and to remove undischarged mud etc. that have collapsed from the remaining ground Ga.

In the abutment of the joining link plate 10.10,
By sealing and fixing the abutting portion more firmly by welding or the like, the above-mentioned water-stopping property and other functions can be further improved.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional side view of essential parts showing another embodiment of the construction method and shield excavator of the present invention.

In FIGS. 1 to 3, the joining link plate 10.
10, a method was explained in which the surrounding ground G is frozen and then excavated using an overcutter 16.16.

However, depending on the tunnel construction work environment, that is, equipment, tunnel diameter, soil quality, overburden, etc., the above ground freezing method may be economically and technically inconvenient.

Therefore, in this second embodiment, the above-mentioned freezing method is not used, but a flexible bag is used to isolate the outer periphery of the joining link plate from the ground.

In the figure, a recessed pocket 101 of an appropriate size is formed on the outer periphery of a joining link plate 100, and a flexible bag 102 made of, for example, fiber or rubber material is folded and stored in the pocket 101. This bag body 102
are integrally formed around the entire periphery within the pocket 1( ) of the joining link plate 100, or are formed as a required intermediate bag body and a plurality of bags may be stored therein. Then, a suitable tube (not shown) is connected to this bag 102 from within the seal excavation machine, and the other end of this tube is a source of a relatively slow-hardening filler such as mortar or plastic. Connect to. The configurations of the cutter device Cu, extrusion jack 13, etc. are the same as in the first embodiment described above.

With this configuration, the overcutters 16 and 15 can be used at the tunnel junction, similar to the first embodiment described above.
Then, the protruding areas of the joining link plates 100, 100 are excavated, and then the joining link plates 100, 100 are slidably projected from the skin plates 2, 2 by the extrusion jack I''l, 13, and abutted against each other.

After this, the filler is supplied to the bags 102, 102 from the filler supply source.
Supply and expand. Due to this expansion, bag break 102,
102 protrude from the pocket 101 and press against each other. Due to hardening of the filler after pressure welding, the bag body 10
No. 2,102 functions as a secondary pressure-resistant part and functions as a water stopper and an earth retainer.

Such a joining method using the bag body 102 can be used as a much easier joining means than the freezing method when the ground G is hard enough to withstand excavation by the overcutter 16.

<Effects of the Invention> As described above in detail, according to the present invention, when a tunnel joint is mechanically joined by mutual contact of joint ring plates protruding from a skin plate, an overcutter is used to cut a joint link plate. By excavating the ground in the protruding area, the joint ring plate can be protruded smoothly and reliably.

Further, the joining link plate is supported by a spherical bearing and is pushed out by a pushing jack whose posture angle is variable. Therefore, even if there is a deviation in the joining angle between the skin plates and the joining angle between the joining ring plates, when the extrusion shack receives the reaction force due to the above mutual contact, the reaction force will be generated using the spherical bearing as the fulcrum. Since the posture can be changed following the force direction, the sliding axes, directions, etc. of the joint ring plates can be made to match, and the joint ring plates can be reliably brought into contact with each other without creating a gap over the entire circumference.

Furthermore, a pocket is formed in the joint ring plate to house a flexible bag, and the filling material expands to stop water.
By forming a secondary pressure-resistant part such as earth retaining, it is possible to obtain a more effective joint with a simple structure in addition to the primary pressure-resistant part using only the joining ring plate, depending on the tunnel soil quality.

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain an underground joining method for a shield tunnel that is extremely practical and a shield tunneling machine therefor.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional side view showing the main part configuration of a seal excavator used in the joining method according to the first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a half-cut front view of the seal excavator shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional side view showing a state of joining of tunnel joints by the shield tunneling machine according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a tunnel junction by the shield tunneling machine according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. ■...Seal tunneling machine, 2...Skin plate,
3... Main cutter, 6... Bulkhead, 7... Drive motor, 9... Propulsion shack, 10... Joining ring plate, 12a, 12b --- Pasted freezing tube, 13... Extrusion Jack, 14... Spherical bearing, 15
...Universal joint, 16...Over cutter 16a...Shakki, 17...Outer circumference cutter 19.
...Perforated freezing tube, 100...Joining link plate, +01...Pocket, 102...Bag body, Cu...
Cutter device, Ga... remaining ground, G... ground, ■... tunnel. Figure 3

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) An underground joining method for shield tunnels in which the outer shell is formed of a skin plate, a tunnel is excavated from both ends of the ground using a shield excavator equipped with a rotary main cutter, and both tunnels are joined in the middle. The outer circumferential cutter provided on the main cutter that protrudes and retracts in the radial direction excavates the portion of the skin plate facing the propulsion, and the over cutter that protrudes and retracts diagonally outward in the propulsion direction provided on the main cutter excavates the required area at the tunnel joint. The parts between the opposing skin plates are excavated at a certain interval, and then a joint ring plate, which is slidably provided on the inner periphery of the front end of the skin plates, is pushed out using a push-out jack that is supported by a spherical bearing in a variable posture angle, and brought into contact with each other. A method for underground joint construction of a shield tunnel, characterized in that, after that, equipment such as an excavation drive of a shield tunneling machine is dismantled and removed, and residual soil at the tunnel joint covered with the joint ring plate is removed. (2) The underground joining method for a shield tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that after freezing the ground near the outer periphery of the joining ring plate, the space between the opposing skin plates is excavated with an overcutter. (3) In the construction method according to claim 1, a pocket is formed on the outer periphery of the joint ring plate, the flexible bag is folded and stored, and a filler is injected into the bag after the joint ring plates are brought into contact with each other. An underground joining method for shield tunnels, which is characterized by forming a secondary pressure-resistant part by bulging the shield tunnels and pressing them together to form a secondary pressure-resistant part. (4) A shield excavator used to construct a shield tunnel that excavates a tunnel from both ends of the ground using a rotary cutter device and joins both tunnels in the middle, and is opposed at a required interval at the tunnel joint. However, in a device equipped with a joining device for joining the skin plates of the shield excavator so as to cover the ground between the opposing sides, the joining device is installed in a joining ring slidably provided on the inner periphery of the front end of the skin plate. It consists of a plate and an extrusion jack that extrudes the joint ring plate and supports it with a spherical bearing so that the extrusion posture angle can be changed.A cutter device is installed in the main cutter that excavates the propulsion surface of the shield excavator, and the main cutter. Shield excavation characterized by comprising: an outer circumferential cutter that protrudes and retracts in the radial direction to excavate the outer periphery of the propulsion, and an over cutter that is provided on the main cutter and protrudes and protrudes diagonally outward in the propulsion direction to excavate the protruding area of the joint ring plate. Machine.