JPH0212524B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to improvements in a deep-root crop harvesting machine for harvesting deep-root crops such as burdock and Japanese yam (yams).

The conventional method for harvesting deep-rooted crops such as burdock and yam has been to use a trench excavator to form a deep groove on one side of the roots of the deep-rooted crops grown according to the cultivation row. You can either use a trench excavator to break down the soil around the roots of deep-rooted crops into the trench and dig out the deep-rooted crops, or you can connect a large tractor with a plow for deep cultivation. A known method is to use a plow to dig up the soil in a field where deep-rooted crops are grown, from below the roots of the deep-rooted crops, but the former method improves the efficiency of harvesting. In the latter case, extremely large horsepower is required, and the lower end of the root of the deep-rooted crop to be harvested is often cut off, resulting in a problem that the commercial value of the harvested crop is impaired.

Also, as stated in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 57-43713,
A pair of support plates vertically formed vertically in the front view are supported on a towing frame connected to the rear side of the tractor body, and the lower ends of the support plates are supported in pairs. , a pair of plow bodies are installed facing each other in an inverted V shape when viewed from the front, and as the tractor runs, the pair of plow bodies facing each other in an inverted V shape are attached to the lower end of the root of the root vegetable to be harvested. A method is known in which the soil around the root vegetables is lifted up by a pair of plow bodies facing each other in an inverted V-shape by passing the soil through the ground on both sides of the soil, thereby making the root vegetables float. .

However, this method is well suited when the crops to be harvested are root vegetables such as beets and ginseng whose roots are not very long;
When used for harvesting deep-rooted crops such as Nagaimo (yams), whose roots extend deep into the ground,
The soil around the roots of deep-rooted crops becomes compacted, making it difficult to extract the deep-rooted crops, which poses a problem that is not suitable for harvesting deep-rooted crops.

The present invention was made to solve these problems that have arisen with conventional means, and allows deep-rooted crops such as burdock and yam to be harvested efficiently without requiring much horsepower. It is an object of the present invention to provide a new means for preventing damage to deep-rooted crops to be harvested.

The present invention was completed based on the results obtained through various studies and experiments for the above-mentioned purpose. That is, the above-mentioned Utility Model No. 57-43713
If the method described in the publication, which involves passing a pair of plow bodies facing each other in an inverted V-shape into the ground on both sides of the roots of root vegetables, is applied to the harvesting of deep-rooted crops such as burdock and Japanese yam, The reason why the soil around the roots of deep-rooted crops is compacted and the roots of the crops are firmly held in the ground is because the roots of deep-rooted crops extend deep into the ground. Since the pair of plow bodies facing each other in an inverted V-shape are positioned slightly deeper, the movement of the soil that is picked up and lifted from the left and right by these plow bodies is effective against the underlying soil. As a result, the soil on the top side of the left and right plows is raised diagonally upward from both sides toward the roots of deep-rooted crops. It has been found that this occurs when the upper layer of soil presses down from above and compacts around the lower half of the roots of deep-rooted crops.

The solution to this problem is to make sure that the movement of the soil in the lower layer just above the pair of inverted V-shaped plow bodies extends to the upper layer of soil. A pair of support plates that support the plow bodies separately are formed in the shape of cutting blades with blades on their front edges, and are opposed to each other in an inverted V-shape when viewed from the front, thereby removing the soil around the roots of deep-rooted crops. The support plate is cut into a shape that is easy to float, and the wall surface on the opposite side of this support plate is made to be continuous with the guiding surface of the plow body, and the soil is lifted up by the guiding surface of the plow body. They realized that it would be good to make sure that the soil could move smoothly, and when they used it for harvesting deep-rooted crops in this way, the soil around the roots of deep-rooted crops was brought to the surface of the ground. This is because the upper layer of soil moves upwards and rises to the surface, making it easier to dig up deep-rooted crops.

Therefore, in the present invention, as a means for achieving the above-mentioned object, a machine frame formed to be attached to a towing vehicle or a working vehicle is provided with a blade portion that cuts into the soil at the leading edge. Two supporting plates shaped like vertically long cutting blades are installed in pairs on the left and right so that the parts that act on the ground face each other in an inverted V shape when viewed from the front. , a raised plate formed in the shape of a straight plate with a blade at the front end that cuts and spreads the soil and a long guide surface continuous from front to back behind the blade, is installed to the left and right width of the root of the deep-rooted crop being cultivated. A pair of supporting plates face each other on the left and right with a somewhat wider interval, and when viewed from the front, the guiding surfaces are continuous with the wall surfaces on the opposite side of the pair of support plates facing each other in an inverted H shape. The present invention proposes a harvesting machine for deep-rooted crops, which is characterized in that it is installed in a position that faces toward the rear in a side view and gradually rises.

Next, an example of implementation will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

In Figures 1 and 2, a is a tractor, b
is a coupling device installed at the rear of the tractor a;
C is a harvester for deep-rooted crops that is connected to the rear of the tractor a through its connecting device b, and the tractor a and the connecting device b are shown by chain lines.

The tractor a is a normal four-wheeled riding type tractor and is equipped with a lift arm 10 at the rear of the body that is operated to raise and lower by a hydraulic device.

The coupling device b is a normal three-point hit type coupling device consisting of a top link 20 and left and right lower links 21, 21, which are connected to the rear of the body of the tractor a so as to be vertically rotatable. A lift arm 10 provided at the rear of the body of the tractor a is connected to the body of the tractor a, and the lift arm 10 is operated by a hydraulic system operated by an engine installed in the body of the tractor a to freely move up and down.

The deep-rooted crop harvesting machine c is shown in FIG. The two support plates 4, 4 each having a blade portion 40 on the front edge side and formed into a vertically long cutting blade shape are arranged so that they face the lower end and are located forward as shown in FIG. Tilt, and
As shown in Fig. 3, they are installed in an oblique position when viewed from the front so that their lower ends are facing toward the opposite side, and the upper ends of each are fixedly connected to each other, and as shown in Fig. 3, they are installed in the ground. The cutting parts are installed so as to face each other in a reverse V-shape, and each lower end part where the opposing interval between the left and right support plates 4, 4 is narrowed is provided with a blade part 50 on the front edge. A straight raised plate 5 having a long guiding surface 5a continuous in the front and back behind the blade portion 50 is configured such that the guiding surface 5a is aligned and continuous with the wall surface 4a on the opposite side of the supporting plate 4. As shown in FIG. 1, they are installed in pairs facing each other on the left and right at a predetermined interval.

The left and right raised plates 5, 5 have a width d between the left and right sides as shown in FIG.
The width of the raised plate 5 should be slightly wider than the left and right width of the roots of the deep-rooted crop W grown in the field, and as shown in FIG.
The guiding surfaces 5a, 5a continuous with the blade portion 50 extend downwardly the opposing wall surfaces 4a, 4a of the pair of support plates 4 facing each other in an inverted V shape, so that the width d of the gap at the lower end is narrowed. Furthermore, this guiding surface 5
As shown in Fig. 2, it is installed so that it faces rearward and gradually rises.

The illustrated embodiment is a harvester configured for digging up burdock, and the vertical length of the pair of support plates 4, 4 on the left and right sides of the cutting blade shape corresponds to the portion that acts into the soil. is approximately 30 cm, and the width d of the raised plates 5, 5 facing each other on the left and right sides is approximately 20 cm.
The inclination angle θ of the guiding surfaces 5a and 5a of the raised plates 5 and 5 with respect to the horizontal plane is set to approximately 60 degrees.

Further, in the illustrated embodiment, 6, 6 is a rod-shaped reed tool provided so as to extend rearward from the rear end of each raised plate 5, 5, and is used to grow deep-rooted crops W without holding soil. It acts like a clamp.

Next, to explain the function and effect, the harvester for deep-rooted crops according to the present invention configured as described above has a pair of supporting plates 4, 4 facing each other on the left and right sides of the machine, and a berth continuous to the lower end thereof. As shown in FIG. 2, the raising plates 5, 5 act so as to move through the soil on both the left and right sides of the deep-rooted crops W cultivated in rows in the field.

Then, the soil around the deep-rooted crop W is distributed between the left and right support plates 4, 4, which face each other in an inverted V-shape when viewed from the front, and the left and right raised plates 5, 5, which are continuous and extend from them. The soil G that is cut by the blade parts 40, 40 and 50, 50 on the leading edge and located inside (opposite side) of the blade parts 40, 40 and blade parts 50, 50 that face each other in an inverted V shape is , blade portion 40,4
Wall surface 4a on the opposite side of support plates 4, 4 continuous to 0,
4a and a guiding surface 5 continuous to the blade portions 50, 50
a, 5a, and a pair of walls 4 on the left and right
While being held from below by a, 4a and guide surfaces 5a, 5a, it gradually rises while moving backwards,
Further, as the guiding surfaces 5a, 5a rise, they are pushed up by the extension portions extending rearward, and as shown in FIG.
Space Y below the back surfaces 5b, 5b opposite to a, 5a
It is lifted upward while forming a . At this time, the soil G holds the deep-rooted crops W and gradually pulls them upward as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.

Then, the lifted soil G reaches the rear end of the raised plates 5, 5, and the guiding surfaces 5a of the plates 5, 5,
By coming off backward from 5a, it falls downward to fill the space Y, thereby completing the digging up of the deep-rooted crop W.

In this state, deep-rooted crops can be easily pulled out by grasping the neck and pulling up. In addition,
When the above-mentioned rod-shaped reed tools 6, 6 are installed, the soil G falls downward while the deep-rooted crop W is held from the left and right sides by the reed tools 6, 6, so that the deep-rooted crop W is As shown in Figure 6,
With the neck protruding above the soil surface, the deep-rooted crop W can be pulled out of the soil more easily.

As described above, the deep-rooted crop harvesting machine according to the present invention uses a pair of support plates 4 on the left and right that face each other in an inverted V-shape when viewed from the front. , 4 and left and right raised plates 5 and 5 provided at their lower ends to extend them, the soil located between them is held from the left and right sides and lifted upward, thereby lifting the soil. Move the deep-rooted crop W upward with G,
Since the deep-rooted crop W is loosened from the soil so that it can be easily pulled out of the soil, the soil around the roots of the deep-rooted crop can be removed by moving only the underlying soil. Deep-rooted crops no longer need to be compacted into the soil, so they can function satisfactorily even when pulled by a relatively low-horsepower tractor. This eliminates the need to backfill the trench remaining after harvesting, which was required with the conventional method using a trench excavator, and also eliminates the need to refill the trench remaining after harvesting, which was required with the conventional method using a trench excavator. The problem of grooves forming on one side has been eliminated.
Moreover, it becomes possible to perform harvesting work only on desired ridges.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a plan view of an embodiment of the device of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a side view of the same device taken longitudinally through a field when the above device is in the working state, and Fig. 3 is a field view of the main parts of the same device when the above device is in the working state. A front view showing a longitudinal section of the 4th
Figures 5 and 6 are explanatory diagrams of the action. Explanation of drawing symbols G...Soil, W...Deep-rooted crop, Y
...space, a...tractor, b...coupling device, c...root vegetable harvester, 10...lift arm, 20...top link, 21...lower link, 3...machine frame (mast),
4...Support plate, 40...Blade part, 5...Drilling plate, 5a
...guiding surface, 5b...back surface, 50...blade portion, 6...lead tool.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Two support plates 4, 4 formed in the shape of vertically long cutting blades with a blade part 40 that cuts into the soil on the front edge are attached to the machine frame 3, which is formed to be attached to a towing vehicle or a work vehicle. A pair of support plates 4, 4 are installed on the left and right so that the parts that act on the ground face each other in an inverted V shape when viewed from the front, and each of the lower ends of the support plates 4, 4 is equipped with a blade part 50 at the front end for cutting and spreading the soil. The raised plates 5, 5 formed in the shape of a straight plate with continuous longitudinally long guiding surfaces 5a behind the shiso blade part 50 are spaced at a distance somewhat wider than the left and right width of the root of the deep-rooted crop W being cultivated. The guide surfaces 5a, 5a are arranged in a pair opposite to each other on the left and right sides, and when viewed from the front, the guide surfaces 5a, 5a are continuous with the opposite side wall surfaces 4a, 4a of the pair of support plates 4, 4, which are opposite to each other in the above-mentioned inverted V shape. A harvesting machine for deep-rooted crops, characterized in that the harvesting machines face each other in an inverted V-shape and are installed in a position that gradually rises toward the rear when viewed from the side.