JPH02125095A - Method and device of lining tunnel - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve adhesion to a bedrock and to improve the efficiency of execution of a work by a method wherein a timbering made of an H-steel is driven in the outer periphery of a tunnel bedrock, and meshlike forms to which a sheet having water permeability is adhered is framed in an area ranging between adjoining ribs. CONSTITUTION:Timberings 2 and 2 made of an H-steel are driven at an interval of a given distance in the outer periphery of a tunnel bedrock after excavation, and rib surfaces 3 and 3 on the one side are spliced to the bedrock. Meshlike forms 6 and 6 to which a sheet 5 having water permeability is adhered are framed together throughout an area ranging between rib surfaces 4 and 4 on the other side of the timberings 2 and 2. A reinforcing material 7 for holding the meshlike forms 6 and 6, formed with base levers 8... and auxiliary rods 9..., is removably arranged between the timberings 2 and 2. Concrete or mortar is driven between the bedrock and the meshilke forms 6 and 6.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a primary lining of a tunnel, a method of lining a tunnel, and an apparatus therefor.

[Prior art] Traditionally, the primary lining method for tunnels is as follows:
A spraying method is generally known in which concrete is sprayed into the tunnel ground before and after tunnel recommendation.

However, with this conventional spraying method, the adhesion performance is poor when the tensile strength of the ground is low and the ground has a high degree of zeitness, and the ground is easily gouged out by the spraying pressure. There is.

Particularly in the arch crown area, the thin layer of shotcrete once applied has a strong tendency to peel off along with part of the ground due to its own weight immediately after spraying, resulting in an extremely large amount of material loss. There was a problem that special dust countermeasures were required.

Additionally, the Bernold method is generally known as a lining construction method such as primary lining after tunnel excavation.

In this Bernold construction method, when the passive earth pressure of the ground can be expected, almost no bending moment is applied to the tunnel lining that is in close contact with other surrounding mountains, and the lining only needs to have sufficient shear strength, and failure will not occur. It is a shear failure, and is based on the idea that in this case the thickness of the lining can be considerably reduced.

This is a construction method in which hardened concrete is poured using a cold-worked Bernold sheet with V-shaped ribs as a formwork.

However, this method requires the use of special V-shaped ribs and cold-processed Bernold sheet, which increases manufacturing costs. was not adopted.

[Objective of the Invention] This invention was devised in view of the problems and drawbacks of the conventional art, and has excellent adhesion performance to the tunnel ground, eliminates loss of materials such as concrete or mortar, and is free from special dust. The purpose is to provide a tunnel lining method that does not require any countermeasures.

Furthermore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a lining method and apparatus that can significantly improve construction efficiency and reduce construction costs by using removable mounting fittings.

[Structure of the Invention] The tunnel lining method and its H placement according to the present invention are such that H-shaped steel supports are placed at required intervals around the outer periphery of the tunnel earth after mud excavation, and the rib surface on one side is placed on the earth. Then, between the ribs on the other side of the adjacent shorings, install a mesh formwork to which a water-permeable sheet is attached, and install a reinforcing frame for holding the mesh formwork between the shorings. The tunnel is characterized by being removably attached, and then concrete or mortar is placed between the ground and the mesh formwork, or the rib surface on one side is placed at a required interval around the outer circumference of the tunnel ground after excavation, and the rib surface on one side is an H-shaped steel shoring erected attached to the shoring, a mesh formwork with a water-permeable sheet attached between the ribs on the other side of the adjacent shorings, and a mesh formwork that holds the mesh formwork. a lattice-shaped reinforcing frame removably connected between the adjacent shoring works, and the reinforcing frame is attached to the shoring rib surface, and approximately It is characterized in that a U-shaped metal fitting main body is sandwiched, and a removable wedge-shaped fastening member is inserted into the metal fitting main body, making 11 knots.

[Embodiments of the invention] The present invention will be described below based on embodiments shown in the drawings.

In the drawings, the symbol l indicates the tunnel ground before and after the tunnel. On the inner circumference of the tunnel ground l, a plurality of H-shaped steel supports 2 are built in an arch shape at required intervals in the longitudinal direction. ing.

In addition, this H-shaped steel shoring 2 has a rib surface 3 on one side.
The tunnel is built toward the inner circumference of the tunnel's ground.

Next, the other side rib 4 of the adjacent H-shaped steel shoring 2.2
．． A water-permeable sheet 5 is attached at a required interval from the surface of the ground over the four sections, and along with this sheet 5, a net-like formwork 6 having a substantially net shape as shown in the figure is attached. The above-mentioned H-type is adjacent to each other! I! ! It is attached to the other side rib 4.4 of the shoring 2.2.

Incidentally, the water-permeable sheet 5 and the mesh formwork 6 may be attached to the shoring 2 by simply keeping them in a locked state, and may be temporarily fixed to the shoring 2 using iron wire or the like.

In this way, the sheet 5 and the mesh formwork 6 are arranged and attached to the inside of the tunnel between the adjacent H-shaped steel shoring structures 2.

After the tunnel is completely installed over the inner circumference of the ground, the reinforcing frame 7 for holding the mesh formwork 6 is attached to the adjacent H
Detachably attached between the shaped steel shoring 2.2.

The reinforcing frame 7 includes a plurality of base rods 8 arranged in parallel at predetermined intervals and each having a cross-section shaped like a cross-section, and a plurality of base rods 8 .
It is composed of a plurality of auxiliary rods 9 connected at a substantially right angle to the auxiliary rods 9, and has a substantially lattice shape.

To attach this auxiliary frame 7 to the H-shaped steel shoring 2, a mounting bracket 10 as shown is used.

This mounting bracket lO has a substantially U-shaped cross section, and is attached to the base rod 8 of the reinforcing frame 7 attached at a substantially right angle to the rib 4 on the other side of the H-shaped steel shoring 2, and the other side of the shoring 2. It has a pair of clamping pieces 11.11 which clamp the side ribs 4 together.

Insert the clamping pieces 11, 11 into the intersection of the reinforcing frame 7 and the shoring 2, and then insert the wedge-shaped fastening member 14 into the notch 13 provided on the side surface of the metal fitting body 12. The base rod 8 of 7 and the rib 4 on the other side of the shoring 2 are firmly pressed and connected.

This connection is made as shown in Figure 3 after one reinforcing frame.
As a result, the reinforcing frame 7 is installed between adjacent supports 2.2, and when concrete or mortar is poured, the mesh formwork 6 protrudes outward and into the inside of the tunnel. overhang) can be reliably prevented.

Further, each of the mounting metal fittings 10 is connected to the base rod 8 with a chain or the like to prevent the metal fittings 10 from being lost during construction.

Next, FIG. 5 is a view showing an embodiment of the present invention in the arch crown portion 15 of a tunnel, and in this embodiment, a driving fitting 16 as shown in FIG. 6 is used.

A cylindrical concrete pouring opening 17 is provided approximately at the center of the pouring fitting 16, and concrete or mortar is poured into the arch crown portion 15 through this pouring opening 17.

In such a case, the concrete or mortar placed between the ground l, the sheet 5 and the mesh formwork 60,
Even if the water/cement ratio is 0.6 or more, the sheet 5 quickly drains excess water in the concrete or mortar and prevents the poured concrete or mortar from leaking, resulting in good concrete or mortar. Mortar can be placed.

To explain the usage state of the present invention above, there are a plurality of H-shaped tunnels built on the inner periphery of the tunnel ground l. 1! ! A net-like formwork 6 having a water-permeable sheet 5 attached to the entire inner surface is installed between the supports 2 and 2, and in order to hold and reinforce this sheet 5 and this net-like formwork 61, the support 2. The reinforcing frame 7, which is framed in a lattice shape, is removably attached using metal fittings 10 between the two.

From this state, concrete or mortar is poured into the space between the earth 1 and the mesh formwork 6 from the shoulder direction of the tunnel.

This concrete or mortar is filled and cast downward from the shoulder of the tunnel, and finally almost fills the side wall forming portion of the tunnel, and the casting is completed.

At this time, the concrete or mortar placed in the space between the earth 1 and the mesh form 6 is solidified by the mesh form 6 held by the reinforcing frame 7 without peeling off from the surface of the earth 1.

Additionally, excess water in the poured concrete or mortar passes through the sheet 5 and the mesh formwork 6 and is discharged inside the tunnel, thereby promoting rapid solidification of the concrete or mortar.

Therefore, if a quick-setting material or the like is used to improve the strength, the strength can be further improved.

After the concrete or mortar has been poured for the side wall forming portion in the tunnel, the process moves on to concrete or mortar for the arch crown portion 15.

This pouring is carried out by using the above-mentioned pouring metal fitting 16, and flowing concrete or mortar from above through the concrete pouring port 17.
The space between the tunnel ground 1 and the mesh formwork 7 is filled with concrete or mortar.

After concrete or mortar is poured, excess water in the concrete or mortar is discharged to the outside through the plurality of through holes formed in the sheet 5 and the mesh formwork 6, as described above, resulting in a smooth concrete or mortar surface. It can be achieved.

After the concrete or mortar has hardened in this way, the reinforcing frame 7 that is removably attached is attached to the adjacent support 2.
．． Remove from between 2.

When removing this, the wedge-shaped fastening member 14
By pulling it out from the notch 13 provided in the metal fitting body 12, the pressure contact state between the clamping piece 11.11 and the base rod 8 of the reinforcing frame 7 and the rib 4 of the shoring 2 is released, and the reinforcing frame 7 can be easily removed. can be removed.

Further, the mounting fittings 10 and the fastening members 14 are connected to the base rod 8 of the reinforcing frame 7 with a chain or the like, so that there is no risk of losing the mounting parts group.

In this way, the reinforcing frame 7 is sequentially removed from the shoring 2, and after all of the reinforcing frames 7 are removed, the primary lining of the tunnel is completed.

Furthermore, the removed reinforcing frame 7 and mounting bracket 10 can be used again for primary lining of a tunnel, etc.

[Effects of the Invention] The present invention has the above configuration, and according to the tunnel lining method and lining device according to the present invention, water permeability is achieved by using the removable mounting bracket and the lattice-shaped reinforcing frame. The net-like formwork to which the sheet is attached can be easily attached to adjacent shoring studs, thereby enabling concrete or mortar to be placed in close contact with the ground, providing an excellent primary lining.

Additionally, since the finish can be made the same as the shoring surface, it also brings good results to subsequent processes after lining, such as attaching a waterproof sheet.

In addition, there is no need to look back at concrete or mortar as with conventional spraying methods, so there is less material loss.

There is no need for quick-setting agents, and from this aspect as well, construction costs can be reduced.

Furthermore, since no dust is generated during construction, a favorable construction environment can be provided.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Drawing No. ii is a schematic diagram showing the outline of the tunnel, FIG. 2 is a schematic front view showing the installation state according to the present invention, FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view thereof, and FIG. 4 is used for installing the reinforcing frame. FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view showing the state of use of the four-piece invention in an arch crown portion, and FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view showing a driving metal fitting in an arch crown portion. 1. Tunnel ground 2. H-shaped steel shoring 3. Glide surface on one side 4. Rib 5 on the other side. Salary sheet 6. Net formwork 7. Reinforcement frame 8. Base rod. 9... Auxiliary rod 10... Mounting bracket 11... Clamping piece l 2 ・ 13 ・ 14 ・ 15 Pot, bracket body, notch, fastening member, arch crown, pouring metal fittings, concrete pouring opening

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) H
A shaped steel shoring is erected with one side of the rib surface attached to the ground, and then a mesh formwork with a water-permeable sheet attached is installed between the ribs on the other side of the adjacent shoring. A method for lining a tunnel, characterized in that, at the same time as installing the support, a reinforcing frame for holding the mesh formwork is detachably attached between the supports, and then concrete or mortar is poured between the ground and the mesh formwork. (2) H-shaped steel supports built at the required intervals around the outer circumference of the tunnel earth after excavation, with one side of the rib surface attached to the earth, and the other side rib of the adjacent support. A net-like formwork to which a water-permeable sheet is attached between the mesh-like formwork and a lattice-like reinforcing frame detachably connected between the adjacent shoring structures to hold the mesh-like formwork, The reinforcing frame is attached to the shoring by attaching the reinforcing frame to the rib surface of the shoring, sandwiching the roughly U-shaped metal fitting body between the two, and inserting a removable wedge-shaped fastening member into the metal fitting body. A tunnel lining device characterized in that the tunnel lining device is constructed by: