JPH02115625A - Room heating ventilator and building therewith - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To ventilate without imparting unpleasant feeling to a resident by setting the air flow rate of a blower when heating means is not operated to a smaller value than that when the means is operated. CONSTITUTION:When the detected value of a first temperature sensor 40 becomes 20 deg.C or less at a time T1, heating means 20 (hot water pump 34) is operated, and the detected value of a second temperature sensor 44 becomes 35 deg.C or higher at a time T2 delayed by a predetermined period of time. Thus, air flow rate of a blower 18 is set to 100 percent to heat a room. When the detected value of the sensor 40 becomes 20 deg.C or more at a time T3, the operation of the means 20 is stopped, and the detected value of the sensor 44 becomes 35 deg.C or less at a time T4 delayed by a predetermined period of time. Accordingly, the air flow rate of the blower 18 is switched to 20 percent, the means 20 is stopped, and the ventilation is continued. In this manner, the air flow rate of the blower 18 during the operation of the means 20 is set to 100 percent to feed heating hot air to all the rooms, and when the means 20 is stopped, the air flow rate is reduced to 20 percent to ventilate without imparting unpleasant feeling to a resident.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a heating and ventilation system that uses one blower to supply warm air for heating and fresh air for ventilation, and a building equipped with the same. .

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, hot air heaters for residential use have been equipped with a heating means such as a heater and a blower, and the heating means and the blower have been controlled to be turned on and off at the same time according to the output of a temperature sensor installed indoors or at the outlet of the heater. In such on/off control, switching of the operating mode of the blower (for example, switching from on to off) has also been carried out after a predetermined time delay from switching of the operating mode of the heating means. Additionally, ventilation systems were installed in houses. in this case,
Ventilation systems often consisted of registers placed in holes drilled into the exterior walls of houses, and ventilation fans were sometimes attached to the ceilings and walls.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

Recently, the number of highly airtight and highly insulated houses has increased, especially in cold regions. For example, in Sweden and Canada, airtightness is a standard for housing, and in Hokkaido, there is a movement to include airtightness in the Japan Finance Corporation's high insulation loan standards. As homes become more airtight, the required heating load becomes lower.
Thermal energy usage for space heating has also decreased significantly, with a shift from local heating to central heating. Increasing the airtightness reduces the influence of indoor wind pressure, and in well-insulated houses, it significantly reduces the temperature difference between upper and lower parts, especially in the vertical temperature distribution, and in the case of central heating, the temperature difference in all indoor spaces. almost 0
It can be done.

However, as houses become more airtight, although it is good for heating, natural ventilation becomes impossible and forced ventilation becomes necessary. Ventilation is very important to purify a room from contamination caused by occupants, heat generation, water vapor, harmful gases, smoking, dirt, dust, combustion appliances, and the like. For this reason, in the past, a ventilation system was installed separately from the heating system as described above, which not only required a ventilation fan in addition to the heating system's fan, but also caused localized temperature rises near the ventilation openings. There was a problem in that there was a region where the value decreased. Conventionally, heating has been given priority over ventilation, and there have been no proposals for integrating heating and ventilation systems in homes.

Furthermore, there must be a considerable difference between the air blowing capacity for heating and the air blowing capacity for ventilation. For example, in the case of a two-story house with a total floor area of 20 tsubo, a blowing capacity of 10 to 70 m''/Hr is required for heating.In order to uniformly raise the indoor temperature quickly, a large air volume is sometimes required. On the other hand, for ventilation, a blowing capacity of 2 to 4 m''/Hr is sufficient. For this reason, when attempting to ventilate using the air blower of a heating system, if the heating device's heating means is stopped and air is blown at the same air blowing capacity as when heating, residents may find the noise and wind speed unpleasant. Become. Therefore, it was not possible to integrate the heating device and the ventilation device. However, unlike double-floor heating, panel wall heating, etc., hot air heating systems have the advantage of being able to mix outside air with warm air and supply it indoors, so it is desirable to integrate hot air heating systems and ventilation systems. ing.

[Means to solve the problem]

A heating ventilation system according to the present invention includes a hot air generation chamber having an air inlet and an air outlet, a blower having a variable air volume function provided on the air inlet side in the hot air generation chamber, and an air outlet in the hot air generation chamber. a heating means for heating the air; a control means for switching the operating mode of the heating means according to the set indoor temperature; The invention is characterized by comprising a control means for changing the.

Moreover, instead of the control means for changing the air volume of the blower after a predetermined period of time has elapsed since the switching of the operating mode of the heating means, the air volume of the blower may be changed in accordance with the set temperature of the warm air generated in the hot air generation chamber. Control means may also be provided.

The above-mentioned heating and ventilation system can be installed in a building that is equipped with a blower that constantly discharges a certain amount of indoor air to the outside and has a high airtightness. In this residential building, the heating and ventilation system is connected to a hot air blowing duct that extends indoors from the air outlet and has a hot air outlet at its tip, and an outside air intake duct that communicates with outside air on the air inlet side. The hot air discharged from the warm air blowing duct is circulated indoors and then returned to the air inlet. In addition, a machine room is provided in the building where the heating and ventilation system is installed, and this machine room is provided with a recirculation air intake opening and an outside air intake hole.
An outside air intake duct that communicates with the outside air is connected to the outside air intake hole, and a warm air blowing duct that extends indoors from the air outlet and has a hot air outlet at its tip is connected to the heating ventilation device, After the hot air discharged from the warm air duct circulates indoors, it passes through the recirculation air intake opening of the machine room and passes to the air inlet while mixing with outside air taken in from the outside air intake duct. ing.

[For production]

According to the above configuration, the air inlet of the hot air generation chamber takes in outside air together with the indoor circulating air, and the blower sends the outside air together with the warm air to the air outlet. Here, the heating means heats the air, and its operation mode can be switched according to the set indoor temperature.

For example, when the temperature in the room is higher than a set value, the switch is turned off and the operation is stopped, and when the temperature is lower than the set value, the switch is turned on. Then, the air volume of the blower is changed after a predetermined period of time has passed since the switching of the operating mode of the heating means, or according to the set temperature of the warm air generated in the hot air generation chamber, and when the heating means is activated. Hot air is blown into a room at a desired amount of air, and when a heating means is put into a non-operating state, it is blown at an amount of air necessary for ventilation that is smaller than the desired amount of air. In this way, heating and ventilation can be performed with one blower.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the residential building 10 in the example is a 2-story residential building 10 having a basement 12 built in Sapporo city.
It is a two-story wooden house (the basement is made of RC), and the low floor area is 60 tsubo including the basement.

The atmosphere is about 500m'. The airtightness of this building IO is 390cd in effective ventilation opening area (2.00cd per floor surface).
caf/m''). When converted into the natural ventilation frequency, it corresponds to approximately 0.01 to 0.2 times/Hr.

The basement 12 is used as a machine room, and a heating and ventilation system 14 according to the invention is arranged in the basement 12. The heating ventilation device 14 includes a case structure forming a hot air generation chamber 16 having an air inlet 16a and an air outlet 16b. Blower 18
is arranged on the air inlet 16a side in the warm air generation chamber 16, and the heating means 20 is arranged on the air outlet 16b side in the hot air generation chamber 16.

In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the blower 18 is a pressurized axial fan with a blade diameter of 25 cm, and is powered by a household power source (AC 1
It is driven by an electric motor operating at 00 V or 200 V). This electric motor is phase controlled by a triac, and the rotation speed can be changed.

Therefore, the blower 18 will operate at 100%.
The heating means 2
This is suitable for the air blowing capacity when operating at 0. Also,
The blower 18 is 200m”/Hr at 20% operation.
This is suitable as a ventilation capacity mainly for ventilation when the operation of the heating means 20 is stopped.

The heating means 20 consists of a hot water type heat exchanger, and the hot water is supplied to the water heater 22 (31000C) including a kerosene boiler (not shown).
at/Hr) via a hot water pump 24. Therefore, by controlling the hot water pump 24, the operating mode of the heating means 20 can be controlled. However, as the heating means 20, an electric heater, a burner, etc. can also be used.

Referring to FIG. 2, the air inlet 16a of the hot air generation chamber 16
is open in the basement (machine room) 12.

A recirculation air intake opening 26 containing a filter is provided in the floor wall that partitions the basement (mechanical room) 12 and the first floor. Furthermore, an outside air intake hole 28 is provided in the basement (machine room) 12. An outside air intake duct 30 having an opening outdoors is installed through the ground, and the outside air intake hole 2
Connected to 8. Further, a blower 32 for constantly discharging a certain amount of indoor air to the outside is provided on the wall on the first or second floor. This blower 32 can also be used as a toilet ventilation fan.

Hot air blowing ducts 34 and 36 are connected to the air outlet 16b of the hot air generation room 16 and extend to the rooms on the first and second floors, respectively. The hot air blowing ducts 34 and 36 have hot air outlets 34a and 36a at their tips, and also have hot air outlets in the middle. Therefore, the warm air generated in the warm air generation chamber 16 is
The hot air is discharged from the air outlet 16b through the hot air ducts 34 and 36 to each room, and as shown by the black arrows, it circulates through each room and each floor through ventilation holes, staircases, etc., and then returns to the air intake opening. The section 26 leads to the basement (machine room) 12. The return air circulating in the basement (machine room) 12 is mixed with the outside air taken in from the outside air intake duct 30 and is sucked into the air inlet 16a of the hot air generation room 16. Note that a part of the circulating air is discharged outside by the blower 32.

Furthermore, the control device (ECU) 38 controls the heating means 20 (
It is provided to control the hot water pump 24) and the blower 18. The room on the first floor has a first temperature controller consisting of a thermistor. 40 are arranged. For example, when the indoor temperature is 20° C. or lower, the detected value of the first temperature sensor 40 is detected by the heating means 2.
0 (hot water pump 24) and is used to stop the operation of the heating means 20 when the temperature is 20°C or higher. Further, a timer 42 is provided to switch the blowing capacity of the blower 18 after a predetermined period of time has elapsed since the operating mode of the heating means 20 was switched. For example, when the heating means 20 is on, the blowing capacity of the blower 18 is set to 100%, and when the heating means 20 is switched from on to off, the blowing capacity of the blower 18 is set to 20% after a predetermined period of time has elapsed.

Note that the timer 42 can be built into the control device 38, or can be part of the functions of a computer constituting the control device.

Furthermore, instead of using the timer 42, a second temperature sensor 44 is provided near the air outlet 16b of the hot air generation chamber 16 and downstream of the heating means 20, and the operating mode of the heating means 20 is determined based on the detected value. Due to switching, blower 18
It is also possible to switch the air blowing capacity. For example, the blowing capacity of the blower 18 can be set to 100% when the temperature inside the warm air generation chamber 16 is 35°C or higher, and 20% when the temperature inside the hot air generation chamber 16 is 35°C or lower.

Figure 3 shows the heating means 20 (hot water pump 24) and the blower 1.
An example of operation mode No. 8 is shown, and since the detected value of the first temperature sensor 40 becomes 20° C. or less at time T1, the heating means 20
(hot water pump 24) is activated. Then, at time T2 after a predetermined time delay, the second temperature sensor 44
Since the detected value has become 35° C. or higher (or a predetermined time has elapsed by the timer 42), the blowing capacity of the blower 18 is set to 100% to perform heating. And time T
, when the detected value of the first temperature sensor 40 becomes 20° C. or higher, the operation of the heating means 20 (hot water pump 24) is stopped;
Then, at time T, after a certain time delay, the second temperature sensor 4
Detected value of 4 is below 35℃ (or timer 42
20%), the blowing capacity of the blower 18 is switched to 20%, and the heating means 20 (
Ventilation is continued with the operation of the hot water pump 24) stopped.

In addition, the heating means 20 (hot water pump 24) and the blower 18
A hysteresis can be provided in the actuation and switching temperatures. Further, the heating means 20 is not only operated on and off between fully opened and fully opened positions, but also can be used at an intermediate opening degree, as shown by the broken line in FIG. 3, for example. Furthermore, during heating, the blowing capacity of the blower 18 can be set to a value other than 100%.

In this way, while the heating means 20 (hot water pump 24) is operating, the blowing capacity of the blower 18 is set to 100% to send hot air for heating to all rooms, and the heating means 20 (hot water pump 24)
When the operation of step 4) stops, the blowing capacity of the blower 18 is reduced to 20% to continue blowing air, and necessary ventilation can be performed without causing discomfort to the occupants.

In a building 10 constructed in Sapporo city, the above-mentioned heating and ventilation system 14 was operated for about seven months from mid-October to mid-May of the following year. The heating means 20 (hot water pump 24) was turned on and off 10 to 12 times a day, ie about once every two hours. As a result of operation, the room temperature was controlled at ±1.5°C, and the vertical temperature distribution in the room was 0°C from midnight to early morning, with a temperature difference between 5 cm above the floor and 5 cm below the ceiling. Also, the humidity is at least 3
4%, a maximum of 58%, and an average of 44%, and no condensation was observed on windows or entrances even during the coldest months. Furthermore, the odor inside the room after cooking or eating disappeared quickly, and there was no odor peculiar to the house, allowing the room to remain fresh at all times. Moreover, since the outside air intake duct 30 passes underground, the cold outside air exchanges heat with the underground heat, and the load on the heating means 20 can be reduced to some extent.

The initial cost of the heating and ventilation system 14 was approximately one-half of the total cost when the heating and ventilation systems were manufactured separately. Furthermore, the running cost of the heating and ventilation system 14 was about two-thirds of that of hot water underfloor heating using a kerosene boiler.

FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the invention, in which the basement 12 of the embodiment of FIG. 2 is eliminated and a heating and ventilation system 14 similar to that shown in FIG. 1 is installed in the living room on the first floor. This is an example. In this embodiment, the inlet case 50 containing the filter is connected to the air inlet 16 of the hot air generating chamber 16.
It is installed on the a side, and the circulating air flows through this inlet case 50.
It is now possible to incorporate it into Then, an outside air intake duct 30 having an outdoor opening is installed underground and connected to this inlet case 50.

Therefore, while the circulating air is mixed with outside air, the warm air generation chamber 16
The air is sucked into the air inlet 16a of the room, heated by the heating means 20, and discharged from the warm air blowing ducts (34, 36) into the rooms on the first and second floors, respectively. Also in this case, the heating means 2
0 is controlled according to the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 40 etc., and the blower 18 is controlled by the timer 42 or the second temperature sensor 4.
It is controlled according to the detected value of 4.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, according to the present invention, the amount of air blown by the blower when the heating means is deactivated is set to be smaller than the amount of air blown when the heating means is activated. With only one blower, when the heating means is in operation, the blower is set to the specified blowing capacity to send hot air for heating, and when the heating means is stopped, the blower's blowing capacity is reduced to continue blowing air to keep the occupants in the room safe. Necessary ventilation can be provided without causing discomfort.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a block diagram of the heating and ventilation system according to the present invention, Figure 2 is a diagram showing an example of a building in which the heating and ventilation system of Figure 1 is installed, and Figure 3 is the heating and ventilation system of Figures 1 and 2. FIG. 4, which is a diagram for explaining the operation of the device, is a diagram showing another embodiment of a building in which the heating and ventilation system of FIG. 1 is installed. 16... Warm air generation room, 18... Air blower, 20
... Heating means, 34.36 ... Warm air circulation duct, 42.44 ... Temperature sensor, 42 ... Timer diagram (A) (B) Minokuni

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A hot air generation chamber having an air inlet and an air outlet, a blower having a variable air volume function installed on the air inlet side in the hot air generation chamber, and an air outlet in the hot air generation chamber. installed on the side,
A heating means for heating air, a control means for switching the operation mode of the heating means according to a set indoor temperature, and a control means for changing the air volume of the blower after a predetermined period of time has elapsed from switching the operation mode of the heating means. A heating ventilation system characterized by comprising: 2. A hot air generation chamber having an air inlet and an air outlet; a blower having a variable air volume function provided on the air inlet side of the hot air generation chamber; and a blower provided on the air outlet side of the hot air generation chamber;
a heating means for heating air; a control means for switching the operating mode of the heating means according to a set indoor temperature; and a control means for changing the air volume of the blower according to the set temperature of the warm air generated in the warm air generation chamber. A heating ventilation system characterized by comprising a control means for controlling the temperature. 3. The heating ventilation system according to claim 1 or 2 is installed in a building that is equipped with a blower that always discharges a certain amount of indoor air to the outside and has a high airtightness, and the heating ventilation system has a blower that discharges a certain amount of indoor air to the outside. A warm air blower duct that is extended and has a hot air outlet at its tip is connected to an outside air intake duct that communicates with outside air on the air inlet side, and after the hot air discharged from the hot air blower duct circulates indoors, A residential building that is connected to the air inlet. 4. A machine room is provided in a highly airtight building that is equipped with a blower that constantly discharges a certain amount of indoor air to the outside, and the heating and ventilation system according to claim 1 or 2 is installed in this machine room. The machine room is provided with a recirculation air intake opening and an outside air intake hole, an outside air intake duct that communicates with outside air is connected to the outside air intake hole, and an outside air intake duct that communicates with the outside air is connected to the heating ventilation device, and an outside air intake duct that is connected to the outside air intake duct is connected to the outside air intake duct that communicates with the outside air. A hot air blower duct having a hot air outlet is connected to the tip thereof, and after the hot air discharged from the hot air blower duct circulates indoors, it passes through the recirculation air intake opening of the machine room and is connected to the outside air intake duct. A residential building in which the air is circulated to the air inlet while being mixed with the outside air taken in.