JP2005009796A - Method for controlling ventilation quantity - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for controlling ventilation quantity capable of improving comfort in a room, restricting increase of air conditioning loads, and reducing running cost required for ventilation in a method for controlling ventilation quantity for controlling the ventilation quantity in a building. <P>SOLUTION: Outside air temperature and indoor temperature are detected, natural ventilation quantity is determined based on difference between the outside air temperature and the indoor temperature, and machine ventilation quantity is controlled in such a way as to maintain total ventilation quantity including the natural ventilation quantity to be roughly constant. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a ventilation amount control method for controlling a ventilation amount in a building.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a ventilation method for a building such as a house, there is a ventilation method for controlling the operation of a ventilation fan based on the outside air temperature (see, for example, Patent Document 1). FIG. 3 shows a schematic configuration of a house to which the ventilation method described in Patent Document 1 is applied. As shown in FIG. 3, a hallway extending in the left-right direction in the drawing is arranged on the left side of the house 101 in the drawing. In the upper part of the corridor in the figure, a children's room is arranged. An undressing room facing the hallway and a bathroom adjacent to the upper part of the undressing room are arranged adjacent to the right side of the child room. Also, in the lower part of the corridor in the figure, a bedroom and a toilet adjacent to the right in the figure of the bedroom are arranged. On the right side of the house 101 in the drawing, an LDK (living room, canteen and kitchen) facing the hallway and a Japanese-style room are arranged. Entrances 110 such as doors and bags are provided between the child room, bedroom, LDK, dressing room, and toilet and corridor. An entrance 110 is also provided between the dressing room and the bathroom and between the Japanese-style room and the LDK. Each entrance / exit 110 is provided with an air circulation port such as an undercut or a louver.
[0003]
An air supply port 112 capable of supplying outside air to the room is provided on the outer wall surface of each room of the child room, bedroom, LDK, and Japanese-style room. An air inlet 114 capable of sucking indoor air is provided on the ceiling of each non-living room of the bathroom, dressing room, and toilet. A ventilation fan 116 is installed behind the ceiling of the bathroom. An exhaust port 118 capable of discharging air is provided on the outer wall surface of the ceiling of the child room. The ventilation fan 116 and the intake port 114 are connected to each other via an exhaust duct 120 disposed on the back of the ceiling. The ventilation fan 116 and the exhaust port 118 are connected to each other via an exhaust duct 121 disposed on the back of the ceiling. Accordingly, when the ventilation fan 116 is operated, the air in each non-residential room can be forcibly discharged to the outdoors. By discharging the air in the non-living room to the outside, air from the living room flows into the non-living room through the air circulation port provided in the entrance / exit 110, and further, the air supply port 112 provided on the outer wall surface is provided in the non-living room. The air from the outside flows in through. Thus, in the house 101, the third type ventilation can be performed.
[0004]
The LDK is provided with an indoor temperature sensor 132 for detecting the indoor temperature. In addition, an outdoor temperature sensor 130 for detecting the outdoor temperature is provided outdoors. The indoor temperature sensor 132 and the outside air temperature sensor 130 are connected to the air volume control device 134 by wire or wirelessly. The air volume control device 134 switches operation / stop of the ventilation fan 116 or switches strength / weakness of the operation state based on the temperature difference between the outside air temperature and the room temperature.
[0005]
By the way, the revised Building Standard Law will be enforced in July 2003. The revised Building Standards Law regulates regulations related to volatile organic compounds (VOC) as measures against sick houses. VOCs subject to regulation are chlorpyrifos and formaldehyde. In buildings with living rooms, the use of building materials added with chlorpyrifos is prohibited. In addition, in order to discharge formaldehyde emitted from building materials and furniture, etc., the number of ventilations (= ventilation volume (m ³ / hour) / volume of room (m ³ )) 0.5 times / hour in a highly airtight house. Installation of a 24-hour ventilation system is mandatory.
[0006]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-277020 [0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Ventilation includes mechanical ventilation that is forcibly ventilated by a ventilation fan or the like, and natural ventilation that is ventilated by a temperature difference between the inside and outside of the room or wind force. The sum of mechanical ventilation and natural ventilation is the total ventilation. In a general 24-hour ventilation system, mechanical ventilation is performed at a constant mechanical ventilation amount that is set initially.
[0008]
FIG. 4 is a graph showing an example of a change in the ventilation frequency according to the time of a certain day in summer. The horizontal axis represents time (hour), and the vertical axis represents the ventilation frequency (times / hour). Line A indicates the number of ventilations due to natural ventilation (hereinafter referred to as “natural ventilation frequency”), and line B indicates the number of ventilations due to all ventilations including natural ventilation and mechanical ventilation (hereinafter referred to as “total ventilation frequency”). ing. The broken line in the graph indicates the target ventilation frequency (0.5 times / hour). As shown in FIG. 4, the natural ventilation frequency fluctuates depending on the time zone, and is about 0 times / hour from 0:00 to 6:00, and about 0.2 times from 6:00 to 11:00. / Hours. Further, the time from 11:00 to 18:00 is about 0.4 times / hour, and the time from 18:00 to 24:00 is about 0 times / hour. In order to achieve the target ventilation frequency in all time zones, it is necessary to set the ventilation frequency by mechanical ventilation (hereinafter referred to as “mechanical ventilation frequency”) to 0.5 times / hour.
[0009]
However, if the mechanical ventilation frequency is set to 0.5 times / hour, the total ventilation frequency becomes larger than the target ventilation frequency from 6 o'clock to 18 o'clock, and especially from 11 o'clock to 18 o'clock. The number of times is 0.9 times / hour. In this way, if ventilation is performed for 24 hours with a constant mechanical ventilation in the summer, a large amount of outside air humid at high temperatures is introduced into the room, particularly in the daytime. For this reason, there arises a problem that the temperature and humidity in the room rise and comfort is impaired, and the cooling load increases.
[0010]
In addition, if ventilation is performed for 24 hours in winter, a large amount of outside air that is dry at low temperatures is introduced indoors, particularly at night. For this reason, while indoor temperature and humidity fall, comfort is impaired and the problem that heating load will increase arises. Furthermore, when mechanical ventilation is always performed at a constant mechanical ventilation, there arises a problem that a running cost required for ventilation increases.
[0011]
An object of the present invention is to provide a ventilation amount control method capable of improving indoor comfort, suppressing an increase in air conditioning load, and reducing a running cost required for ventilation.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The purpose is to detect the outside air temperature and the room temperature, calculate the natural ventilation based on the temperature difference between the outside air temperature and the room temperature, and the total ventilation volume summed with the natural ventilation volume is almost constant. This is achieved by a ventilation control method characterized in that the mechanical ventilation is controlled to be maintained.
[0013]
In the ventilation volume control method of the present invention, the total ventilation volume satisfies a ventilation frequency of approximately 0.5 times / hour.
[0014]
Further, the above object is achieved by a ventilation amount control method characterized by detecting indoor air quality and controlling mechanical ventilation based on the air quality.
[0015]
In the ventilation amount control method of the present invention, at least one of humidity, odor, nitrogen oxide concentration, carbon dioxide concentration and house dust is detected as the air quality.
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
A ventilation amount control method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a house to which a ventilation amount control method according to the present embodiment is applied. As shown in FIG. 1, a corridor extending in the left-right direction of the drawing is arranged on the left side of the house 1 in the drawing. In the upper part of the corridor in the figure, a children's room is arranged. An undressing room facing the hallway and a bathroom adjacent to the upper part of the undressing room are arranged adjacent to the right side of the child room. Also, in the lower part of the corridor in the figure, a bedroom and a toilet adjacent to the right in the figure of the bedroom are arranged. On the right side of the house 1 in the figure, an LDK and a Japanese-style room facing the hallway are arranged. Doors 10 such as doors and bags are provided between the child room, bedroom, LDK, dressing room, and toilet and corridor. An entrance 10 is also provided between the dressing room and the bathroom, and between the Japanese-style room and the LDK. Each entrance / exit 10 is provided with an air circulation port such as an undercut or a louver.
[0017]
On the outer wall surface of each of the children's room, bedroom, LDK, and Japanese-style room, an air supply port 12 that can supply outside air to the room is provided. In FIG. 1, the installation position of the air inlet 12 is indicated by a crescent-shaped symbol. An air inlet 14 capable of sucking indoor air is provided on the ceiling of each non-residential room of the bathroom, the dressing room, and the toilet. A bathroom heater / dryer 16 having a bathroom heating / drying function and a 24-hour ventilation function is installed behind the ceiling of the bathroom. An exhaust port 18 capable of discharging air is provided on the outer wall surface behind the ceiling of the child room. In FIG. 1, the installation position of the exhaust port 18 is indicated by a crescent-shaped symbol similar to the installation position of the air supply port 12. The bathroom heater / dryer 16 and each air inlet 14 are connected to each other through an exhaust duct 20 disposed on the back of the ceiling. The bathroom heater / dryer 16 and the exhaust port 18 are connected to each other through an exhaust duct 21 disposed on the back of the ceiling. Thereby, the air in each non-residential room can be forcibly discharged to the outdoors. By discharging the air in the non-living room to the outside, the air from the living room flows into the non-living room through the air circulation port provided in the entrance 10, and the air supply port 12 provided on the outer wall surface in the living room. The air from the outside flows in through. In this way, the house 1 is ventilated for 24 hours by the third type ventilation.
[0018]
For example, a gas hot water heating / cooling system such as TES (registered trademark) is introduced into the house 1. A hot water supply / heating heat source machine 22 that generates hot water used for hot water supply and heating is installed outside the house 1. The hot water supply / heating heat source unit 22 includes an outside air temperature sensor (not shown) that detects the outside air temperature. The hot water heater / heat source unit 22 is connected to the bathroom heater / dryer 16 via a communication line 26. The LDK is provided with a floor heating remote controller 24 for controlling a floor heating system using hot water generated by the hot water heater / heat source unit 22. The floor heating remote controller 24 includes an indoor temperature sensor (not shown) that detects the indoor temperature. A bathroom heater / dryer 16 is installed in the bathroom, and the bathroom heater / dryer 16 includes an indoor temperature sensor that detects an indoor temperature. A TES air conditioner 30 is installed in the LDK, and the TES air conditioner 30 includes an indoor temperature sensor that detects the indoor temperature. The floor heating remote controller 24 is connected to the bathroom heating dryer 16 via communication lines 27 and 26. The TES air conditioner 30 is connected to the bathroom heating dryer 16 via communication lines 28 and 26. In this example, the floor heating remote controller 24 and the bathroom heater / dryer 16 and the TES air conditioner 30 and the bathroom heater / dryer 16 are connected by wires via communication lines 26, 27, and 28. The floor heating remote controller 24 and the bathroom heating dryer 16 or the TES air conditioner 30 and the bathroom heating dryer 16 may be connected wirelessly.
[0019]
The bathroom heater / dryer 16 has a control unit (not shown). The control unit performs predetermined control when heating or drying the bathroom. Further, the control unit is based on the outside air temperature information received from the outside air temperature sensor of the hot water supply / heating heat source device 22 and the room temperature information received from the indoor temperature sensor of the floor heating remote controller 24 or the bathroom heater / dryer 16 or the TES air conditioner 30. Calculate the temperature difference ventilation.
[0020]
Here, the total ventilation amount of the house 1 is the sum of a mechanical ventilation amount that is forcibly ventilated by the bathroom heater / dryer 16 and a natural ventilation amount that is ventilated by a temperature difference between the outside and the room or by wind power. Of these, natural ventilation is the sum of temperature differential ventilation and wind ventilation. The temperature difference ventilation amount is proportional to the opening area of the air supply port 12 and the exhaust port 18, the square root of the difference between the installation height of the air supply port 12 and the installation height of the exhaust port 18, and the square root of the temperature difference inside and outside the room. . Therefore, if the difference between the opening area of the air supply port 12 and the exhaust port 18 and the installation height of the air supply port 12 and the exhaust port 18 is known, the temperature difference is detected by detecting the indoor temperature and the outside air temperature. Ventilation can be determined. In the present embodiment, only the temperature difference ventilation is calculated from the natural ventilation, but the wind ventilation may be calculated as well.
[0021]
The controller of the bathroom heater / dryer 16 first calculates a temperature difference ventilation amount when performing ventilation for 24 hours at a ventilation frequency of 0.5 times / hour. And the rotation speed of the fan of the bathroom heating dryer 16 is controlled so that the target ventilation frequency of 0.5 times / hour can be achieved by combining the temperature difference ventilation and the mechanical ventilation. If the target ventilation frequency of 0.5 times / hour can be achieved by temperature difference ventilation, the fan of the bathroom heating dryer 16 may be stopped.
[0022]
When the temperature difference between the outside air temperature and the room temperature is large (for example, 10 ° C. or more) in winter or summer, the temperature difference ventilation amount increases, so that the mechanical ventilation amount can be reduced. Thereby, while maintaining an appropriate ventilation amount, an increase in air conditioning load due to the introduction of outside air can be suppressed and indoor comfort can be improved.
[0023]
In addition, the control unit increases the mechanical ventilation when, for example, the outside air temperature becomes lower than the room temperature in summer. As a result, the cooling load can be reduced by introducing more outdoor air having a lower temperature than the room in the morning in the summer or when the room closed while the resident is away becomes hot. .
[0024]
FIG. 2 is a graph showing an example of a change in the number of ventilations in the house 1 on a day in summer. The horizontal axis represents time (hour), and the vertical axis represents the ventilation frequency (times / hour). Line A indicates the number of natural ventilations (temperature difference frequency), and line B indicates the total number of ventilations. The difference between the value indicated by line B and the value indicated by line A at a certain time represents the number of mechanical ventilations at that time. The broken line in the graph indicates the target ventilation frequency (0.5 times / hour). As shown in FIG. 2, the temperature difference ventilation frequency fluctuates depending on the time zone, and is about 0 times / hour from 0:00 to 6:00, and about 0.2 from 6:00 to 11:00. Times / hours. Further, the time from 11:00 to 18:00 is about 0.4 times / hour, and the time from 18:00 to 24:00 is about 0 times / hour. As described above, the number of temperature differential ventilation in summer is small at night when the temperature difference between indoors and outdoors is small, and increases during the day when the temperature difference between indoors and outdoors is large.
[0025]
The total ventilation rate hardly changes throughout the day and is maintained at the target ventilation rate of about 0.5 times / hour. That is, the mechanical ventilation frequency is about 0.5 times / hour from 0 to 6 o'clock and about 0.3 times / hour from 6 to 11 o'clock. Further, the time from 11:00 to 18:00 is about 0.1 times / hour, and the time from 18:00 to 24:00 is about 0.5 times / hour.
[0026]
In this embodiment, when performing 24-hour ventilation with a ventilation rate of 0.5 times / hour, first, the temperature difference ventilation rate (temperature difference ventilation rate) is calculated, and the total ventilation rate is about 0.5 times / hour. The mechanical ventilation is controlled to satisfy the ventilation frequency. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, since unnecessary outside air is not introduced into the room, indoor comfort can be improved and an increase in the air conditioning load can be suppressed. Moreover, according to this Embodiment, since the mechanical ventilation more than necessary is not performed, the running cost required for ventilation can be reduced.
[0027]
Furthermore, when the present embodiment is applied to an existing house 1, if a gas hot water heating / cooling system including a bathroom heating / drying device 16 is already installed in the house 1, the outside air temperature sensor of the hot water supply / heating heat source machine 22. In addition, indoor temperature sensors such as the floor heating remote controller 24 and the TES air conditioner 30, communication lines 26, 27, 28 between the sensors and the control unit, and other ventilation equipment can be diverted. Accordingly, the installation work for each sensor and the wiring work for the communication lines 26, 27, and 28 are not required, so that the initial cost can be reduced.
[0028]
Next, a modification of the ventilation amount control method according to the present embodiment will be described. In this modification, an air quality sensor that detects air quality such as humidity, odor, nitrogen oxide (NOx) concentration, carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) concentration, and house dust is provided indoors. The controller of the bathroom heater / dryer 16 controls the ventilation amount based on the detected air quality. For example, if contamination of indoor air is detected, the indoor air is cleaned by increasing the mechanical ventilation.
[0029]
The floor heating remote controller 24 of the gas warm water heating / cooling system is provided with a connection port to which a thermistor for trial operation is connected during the trial operation of the floor heating system. When the trial run is completed, this connection port is not normally used. Other sensors can be connected to the connection port as long as the electrical resistance changes as in the case of the trial run thermistor. When the ventilation amount control method according to this modification is applied to an existing house 1, an air quality sensor is mounted on the floor heating remote controller 24 using this connection port. This eliminates the need for installation work and wiring work for the air quality sensor, thereby reducing the initial cost.
[0030]
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made.
For example, in the above embodiment, an example in which the gas hot water heating / cooling system is applied to the house 1 has been described, but the present invention is not limited thereto. By separately providing a control unit, an outside air temperature sensor, an indoor temperature sensor, etc., it can be applied to other houses.
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, indoor comfort can be improved, an increase in air conditioning load can be suppressed, and a running cost required for ventilation can be reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a house to which a ventilation amount control method according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing an example of a change in the number of ventilations according to the time of a house to which a ventilation amount control method according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a house to which a conventional ventilation method is applied.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing an example of a change in the number of ventilations according to the time of a house to which a conventional ventilation method is applied.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 House 10 Entrance / exit 12 Supply port 14 Intake port 16 Bathroom heating dryer 18 Exhaust port 20, 21 Exhaust duct 22 Hot-water supply heating heat source machine 24 Floor heating remote control 26, 27, 28 Communication line 30 TES air conditioner

Claims (4)

Detect outside temperature and room temperature,
Calculate the natural ventilation based on the temperature difference between the outside air temperature and the room temperature,
A mechanical ventilation control method, wherein the mechanical ventilation is controlled so that the total ventilation with the natural ventilation is maintained substantially constant. In the ventilation amount control method according to claim 1,
The ventilation rate control method, wherein the total ventilation rate satisfies a ventilation rate of approximately 0.5 times / hour. Detect indoor air quality,
A ventilation amount control method comprising controlling a mechanical ventilation amount based on the air quality. In the ventilation amount control method according to claim 3,
A ventilation amount control method, wherein at least one of humidity, odor, nitrogen oxide concentration, carbon dioxide concentration or house dust is detected as the air quality.

Images