JPH02111263A - Full-wave voltage multiplying rectifier circuit - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To lower the ripple of output voltage by ensuring a full-wave rectification system and simply conducting extension to polyphase. CONSTITUTION:The pump-up of the storage charges of a capacitor by the valve action of a diode is utilized in the same manner as a Cockcroft circuit. The two capacitor rows of capacitors C11, C12, C13 and C21, C22, C23 connected at both ends of an AC power (e) alternately fill the roles for drive and for storing charges at every half wave of the AC power (e) by the action of diodes D10, D20 in the voltage multiplying rectifier circuit of a single-phase AC power. Accordingly, full-wave rectification is acquired, and each positive and negative half wave is symmetrized in the current waveform of the AC power (e).

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a circuit that obtains a high DC voltage by performing full-wave voltage multiplication rectification from a single-phase or polyphase AC power supply, and is useful for general DC high-voltage power supplies, flash lamp points, etc. This invention relates to a full-wave voltage multiplication rectifier circuit used in capacitor charging circuits for lighting devices, magnetizing devices, etc.

Conventional Technology Single-phase voltage multiplier rectifier circuits, such as the Kotskucroft circuit shown in Figure 8, are well known, but due to half-wave rectification, the output voltage ripple is large, and the current of the input AC power source is polarized between positive and negative. There are disadvantages such as the lack of symmetry in half waves, and to improve this, a symmetrical Kotscroft circuit shown in Figure 9 is used as a two-phase half-wave rectifier, reducing the output voltage ripple and reducing the primary current of the transformer T. The aim was to make the structure symmetrical.

In FIGS. 8 and 9, e is an AC power source, Cia,
Cib, Cic, C2a, C2b, C2c,
C3a, C3b, C3c are capacitors, DI, D
la, Dlb, D2, D2a,, D2b,, D3, D
3a,,D3b1D4,D4a.

D4b, D5, D5a, D5b, D6. D6a
, D6b is a rectifier, R is a load resistance, and HV and LV are output terminals.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, in the above-mentioned voltage multiplier rectifier circuit, in order to reduce the ripple of the output voltage or to make the positive and negative polarity of the AC input current symmetrical, it is necessary to center-tamp the secondary winding of the transformer, and to use capacitors and diodes. There were disadvantages such as an increase in the number of circuits and an accompanying increase in the complexity of the circuit.

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention is a full-wave voltage multiplier rectifier circuit that eliminates the above-mentioned drawbacks, and its characteristics are that it is a full-wave rectifier type and that it can be easily expanded to multiphase. It has the feature that the output voltage can be easily reduced to low ripple.

Hereinafter, the circuit configuration of the present invention will be described in general terms that can support single-phase and multi-phase alternating current.

The number of feeder lines for single-phase or polyphase AC power supply is m (however, m≧
2), the number of stages of the multiplier rectifier circuit is n, and each feeder line number is i.
(i = 1.2.3------m)
Ci C4z, Ci3C4L ---
--1-Cin (i = 1% 2.3, m) are connected in series in the order of n pieces, and the connection point between the feeder line i and the capacitor Ci is connected to the io3 capacitor Cij and Ci (j+1) (i
= 1.2.3--- m, j=1.2.3
The connection point of "----n-1) is ij, the output terminal of the ml capacitor Cin is in, and if the number of feed lines = 2, the connection point of connection point 1 (j-1) and connection point 2j is Rectifier D2 between
ja (j = 1.2.3--1 = -n) and a rectifier D1jb (j = 1.2.3--n) between connection point 2 (j-1) and connection point 1j. If the number of feeder lines ≥ 3, connect the connection point (i-1) (j-
A rectifier Dija (i=2.3
mX j=1.2.3n) and connection point m(
A rectifier Dlja (j =
1.2.3 ------- n) and a rectifier D between the connection point (n+1) (j-1) and the connection point ijO.
ijb(+ = 1.2.3−−−−−−−m−1,
j=1.2.3−・−−n) and connection point l (j−1
) and the connection point mj, a rectifier Dmjb (j = 1.2
．． 3 ----1--・-n), and connect a rectifier Dio from each connection point io (i = 1.2.3 to ----m) to one of the output terminals of the rectifier circuit. point in
Connect a rectifier Di(n+1) from each of (i=1.2.3-----m) to the output terminal of the other rectifier circuit, and change the orientation of all the rectifiers to the direction that supplies the load current. This is a full-wave voltage multiplication rectifier circuit characterized by a forward direction.

Embodiment [Example 1] Figure 2 shows an embodiment of a voltage multiplication rectifier circuit for a single-phase AC power supply according to the present invention, in which the number of power supply lines = 2, and the number of stages of the multiplication rectification circuit n = 3.
This is the case.

The operating principle is similar to that of the conventional Kotscroft circuit, which utilizes the valve action of a diode to pump the accumulated charge in a capacitor. However, in the conventional Kotscroft circuit, the functions are fixed such that the capacitor array on the ground side is for smoothing and the capacitor on the non-ground side is for driving, whereas in the voltage multiplication rectifier circuit for a modest-phase AC power supply according to the present invention, the function is fixed by using a diode D.
. , D2°, the capacitors Ci1, C, □, Clff and C2 connected across the AC type '/IJ,e
The two capacitor rows C2□ and C23 alternately play the role of driving and charge storage every half wave of the AC power source e.

For this reason, full-wave rectification is performed, and the current waveform of the AC power source e has symmetrical positive and negative half-waves.

To explain the operation of the single-phase AC power supply voltage multiplication and rectification circuit diagram shown in Fig. 2, first, the capacitors CIl to CI3, CZ+
Assume that the charge on ~C23 is zero. After the capacitor CZI is charged to the peak value Em through the rectifier D 218 during the positive half wave of the AC power source e, a part of the charge in the capacitor CZI is transferred to the rectifier D 218 while the voltage of the AC power source e goes to zero. Move to capacitor CIl and 01□.

In the next negative half-wave, the rectifier R, through b, capacitor C
8 is charged to the peak value Em, and the capacitor Ca
A part of the charge of l passes through the rectifier D1□b to the capacitor c
After moving to 1□, while the voltage of AC power supply e goes to zero, charges move from capacitor Ci to capacitor C2□ and Cal through rectifier D2□a, and from capacitor C+Z to capacitor C23 through rectifier R, , and a. do. At the next positive half-wave of the AC power supply e, CHI is charged again to the peak value Bm, and part of the charge on the capacitor C0 passes through the rectifier D2□a to the capacitor C2Tt.
Then, a part of the charge of the capacitor Ci□ is transferred to the capacitor C23 through the rectifier 3a.

As described above, each time the alternating current amount #e alternates between positive and negative, the capacitor arrays Ci to CI3 and C21'-C! When ff alternately accumulates charge and pumps up, and finally there is no load, each capacitor CIl~CI ff, C21~C
ZZ is charged to the peak value Em of the AC power source e.

Therefore, the no-load output voltage has a waveform in which the full-wave rectified waveform of the AC power supply e is superimposed on 3Em, as shown by the broken line VI4V in FIG. Figure 3 shows connection points 20.21.22.2.
3, each voltage VZO1V21%V22 and V21 are also shown. Also, each connection point 10 on the other power supply line side.
The voltages at 11, 12, and 13 are applied to the connection points 20, 21, and 11, respectively.
It is clear from the symmetry of the circuit that the phase is 180° out of phase with each of the voltage waveforms in 22 and 23. DlD2゜、D
I3b, Dl4, and D24 are rectifiers, 1.2 is a power supply wire, HV and LV are output terminals, and R is a load resistance.

If a smoothing capacitor Cs is connected between the output terminals H and LV as shown in Fig. 4 in order to reduce the ripple in the output voltage, the no-load output voltage will have a peak value of 4Em as shown by the broken line in Fig. 3. -Using a casual expression, the no-load DC output voltage peak value when the number of stages of the multiplier rectifier circuit is n is (n
+1) becomes Em.

[Embodiment 2] Fig. 1 shows a full-wave voltage multiplication rectification circuit of the present invention, and the operating principle when performing n-stage voltage multiplication rectification of multiphase AC (m-phase AC, several times on the feeder line) is as follows: If we consider that the full-wave voltage multiplier rectifier circuits according to the present invention as explained in Example 1 are connected one at a time, and that each capacitor row is shared by adjacent circuits, then The operation of the circuit is considered to be similar to the operation of the single-phase full-wave voltage multiplier rectifier circuit according to the present invention explained in Example I, and the voltage waveform is a composite of the rectified outputs whose phases are shifted for each circuit between each phase. It is thought that it appears between the output terminals.

In Figure 1, Cij(i=1.2.3−- m, j
= 1 2.3 −−−−−−−−− n) is a capacitor, Dio (i=1.2.3 −−−−−−・−−−
-m), Di(n+1) (i = 1.2.3...
・・・・・・・・・ m), Dija and Dijb
(i=1.2.3----m, j=1.2.3-・
-・---n) is a rectifier, 1j (i=1.2.3-
--m, j = 1, 2.3-=---n)
is the connection point, i (i=l 2.3・−・−・−−−−
m) Number of power supply lines, e is AC power supply, HV, LV are output terminals.

In this way, the full-wave voltage multiplication rectifier circuit of the present invention can be applied to an infinite-phase AC power supply in principle, but Embodiment 2 shows the case where it is applied to the most common three-phase AC power supply, and FIG. 5 shows the circuit. Show the diagram.

The operating principle is that three sets of single-phase full-wave voltage multiplication rectifier circuits according to the present invention are connected in a Δ shape between each phase, and if we consider that the adjacent circuits share the capacitor array, it is completely similar to the first embodiment. It's the same. However, when applied to a three-phase AC power supply, the ripple of the no-load output voltage is significantly improved.6 Single-phase AC and three-phase AC with equal waveforms and peak values can be rectified by the full-wave voltage multiplication rectifier circuit according to the present invention. Then, the absolute value of the no-load output Lithopul voltage has the same improvement effect as the difference between normal single-phase full-wave rectification and three-phase full-wave rectification. Furthermore, looking at the ripple content,
Since the ripple content rate is reduced approximately to 1 equal to the number of multiplication stages, the three-stage three-phase multiplier circuit of this embodiment can obtain a ripple content rate of approximately 1% even without a smoothing circuit.

In Figure 5, Ci1%CI2, Ci0, CZI, C
2□, C23, C3 C3□, C33 are capacitors, D
IG, D++a XDzb, I)+za, D+
zb, I), za, DIffb, D14, D20,
Dzta% Dz+b% Dzza, Dzzb,
Dzia, Dz:+b, DZiD:IO,D3
+a, D3+b,,D,,2a 11):+zb
, Dz=a, D33b, Ds4 is a rectifier, 1
0.11.12.13.20.21.22.23.30
．． 31.32.33 is the connection point, l, 2.3 is the feeder line, e
is an AC power supply, R is a load resistance, and HV and LV are output terminals.

[Embodiment 3] Embodiment 3 shown in FIG. 6 is a case where the output voltage of the full-wave voltage multiplier rectifier circuit of the present invention is varied or stabilized by phase control using a semiconductor switch Q. The inductor is used to protect the semiconductor switch Q by suppressing inrush power.

In FIG. 6, CIl, CI□, Ci0, C21, C
22, C23 is a capacitor, Dla, D++b, D,
zb, DI3b s D14. Dzo, D
zta% Dzza% Dz:+a%
D24 is a rectifier, 10.11.12.13.20.21
．． 22 and 23 are connection points, e is an AC power supply, Cs is a smoothing capacitor, R is a load resistance, and HV and LV are output terminals.

In the third embodiment, a tritic is used for the semiconductor switch Q, but other switching elements such as anti-parallel use of reverse blocking three-terminal tritic or a composite connection of a transistor and a rectifier can also be used.

Also, in the case of a multi-phase circuit, if a semiconductor switch is inserted into each power supply line, voltage adjustment is possible in the same way as in a single-phase circuit.

[Embodiment 4] Embodiment 4 shown in FIG. 7 is a case where a high frequency inverter is used as the AC power source of the full-wave voltage multiplication rectifier circuit of the present invention.
In the figure, a push-pull type inverter circuit is used, but it goes without saying that other inverter (DC-AC coinverter) circuits can also be used. The inductor shown in FIG. 7 is for suppressing inrush current and protecting the semiconductor switches Q, C2. As with a general DC power supply, by increasing the power supply frequency, it is possible to reduce the capacity of each capacitor and the size and weight of the power transformer T required to obtain the same output voltage, current, and ripple voltage.

In Figure 7, Ci□, Ci0, Cal, C2□
, C23 is a capacitor, D, , D2 , D,. ,D
Ilb, DIZb, D+zb, Dla, [)zo,
Dzta % Dzza %D2xa s Dza is a rectifier, 10.11.12.13.20.21.22.2
3 is the connection point, C3 is the smoothing capacitor, R is the load resistance,
HV and LV are output terminals, and E is a DC power supply.

Effects of the Invention As described above, the full-wave voltage multiplication rectifier circuit of the present invention has lower ripples, is easier to expand to multi-phase, and has improved current waveforms of AC power supplies compared to conventional half-wave rectification voltage multiplication rectification circuits. It has the advantage of being symmetrical in positive and negative directions.

Furthermore, when the voltage multiplication rate is 2n times the number of stages of the multiplication rectifier circuit, the circuit of the present invention has (
n + 1) times, which may seem disadvantageous, but the power supply voltage and the shared voltage per stage are limited by the reverse withstand voltage of the rectifier used, so DC high voltage with a relatively large capacity with an output current of about 0.1 A or more When used in a generator, the advantages of the present invention can be utilized because it is difficult to obtain rectifiers with high reverse withstand voltage and large capacity.The full-wave voltage multiplication rectifier circuit of the present invention has great industrial and practical value. It is.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of an m-phase n-stage full-wave voltage multiplication rectifier circuit of the present invention, FIGS. 2 and 4 to 7 are circuit diagrams of embodiments of the present invention, and FIG. Voltage waveform diagram. Figure 8 is a circuit diagram of a single-phase voltage multiplier rectifier circuit represented by a conventional Kotscroft circuit. Figure 9 is a circuit diagram of a two-phase half-wave voltage multiplier rectifier circuit represented by a conventional symmetrical Kotscroft circuit. It is a diagram. Cij (i=1.2, -m, j=1.2, --- n
) Cs % CiaSctb, Cic, C2a,
C2b, C2c. C3a, C3b, C3c are capacitors, L is an inductor, Dio (i=1.2, -m), D i (n+
1) (i=1.2, ---m) , Dija and Dijb (i-1,2, --m j = 1.2, ---
-n), Dr~D6, Dla-Dba,,
Dab-Dab is a rectifier, R is a load resistance, Q, Q,
, Q2 is a semiconductor switch, e is an AC power supply, HV and L
V is an output terminal, E is a DC power supply, and T is a power transformer.

Claims (1)

[Claims] The number of feed lines of single-phase or multi-phase AC power supply is m (however, m≧
2), the number of stages of the multiplier rectifier circuit is n, and each feeder line number is i(
Ci_1, Ci_2, Ci_3Ci from the feeder line i where i = 1, 2, 3...m)
j, ・・・・・・・・・・・・Cin(i=1, 2, 3
,... m) are connected in series in the order of n pieces, and the connection point between the feed line i and the capacitor Ci_1 is connected to io, and the capacitor C
ij and Ci (j+1) (i=1, 2, 3...
・・・m)j=1, 2, 3・・・・・・・・・・・・n
-1) is the connection point ij, the output terminal of the capacitor Cin is in, and if the number of feeder lines = 2, the connection point 1 (j-1
) and the connection point 2j, a rectifier D2ja (j=1, 2, 3
・・・・・・・・・・・・N) is connected, and a rectifier D1jb(j
= 1, 2, 3n) respectively, and if the number of feeder lines m≧3, connect the connection point (i-1
) (j-1) and the connection point ij, a rectifier Dija (i=
2, 3......m, j=1, 2, 3n) and a rectifier D between the connection point m (j-1) and the connection point 1j.
1ja (j=1, 2, 3n) and connect the connection point (i+1) (j-1) and the connection point ij
Between the rectifier Dijb (i=1, 2, 3...
...m-1, j=1, 2, 3...
...n) and a rectifier Dmjb (j=1, 2, 3...) between connection point 1 (j-1) and connection point mj.
... n) respectively, and connect the connection points io (i=1, 2
, 3......m) to one of the output terminals of the rectifier circuit, and the connection point in(i
= 1, 2, 3...m) to the output terminal of the other rectifier circuit.
A full-wave voltage multiplication rectifier circuit characterized in that the rectifiers are connected to each other, and all of the rectifiers are oriented in the forward direction to supply the load current.