JPH0211001B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0211001B2 JPH0211001B2 JP21867382A JP21867382A JPH0211001B2 JP H0211001 B2 JPH0211001 B2 JP H0211001B2 JP 21867382 A JP21867382 A JP 21867382A JP 21867382 A JP21867382 A JP 21867382A JP H0211001 B2 JPH0211001 B2 JP H0211001B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- current
- metal
- melting point
- low
- point metal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012784 inorganic fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910020220 Pb—Sn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910020830 Sn-Bi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910020935 Sn-Sb Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018728 Sn—Bi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910008757 Sn—Sb Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009940 knitting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000634 wood's metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
この発明は通電体に過大な電流が流れたとき、
その温度上昇による周辺への悪影響を防止するよ
うにした電気装置に関する。[Detailed Description of the Invention] This invention provides a method for when an excessive current flows through a current-carrying body.
The present invention relates to an electrical device that prevents the adverse effects of temperature rise on the surrounding area.
一般に、サイリスタを使用した高電圧の電力変
換装置においては、通常の動作電圧を考慮して素
子の直列個数が決定される。そして、散発的に印
加される雷インパルスや、開閉サージ等はアレス
タで所定の電圧に制限している。 Generally, in a high-voltage power converter using a thyristor, the number of elements connected in series is determined in consideration of the normal operating voltage. Sporadically applied lightning impulses, switching surges, etc. are limited to a predetermined voltage by arresters.
従来のものは第１図に示すように、各サイリス
タ素子T1，T2，T3にアレスタA1，A2，A3及び
スナバ回路S1，S2，S3が並列に接続されている。
この場合、各サイリスタ素子T1，T2，T3には外
部から雷インパルス等の過電圧が印加された場合
も、並列に接続されたアレスターA1，A2，A3及
びスナバ回路S1，S2，S3により、制限された電圧
VMしか印加しないため、各サイリスタ素子T1，
T2，T3は保護される。 In the conventional system, as shown in Figure 1, arresters A 1 , A 2 , A 3 and snubber circuits S 1 , S 2 , S 3 are connected in parallel to each thyristor element T 1 , T 2 , T 3 . There is.
In this case, even if an overvoltage such as a lightning impulse is applied from the outside to each thyristor element T 1 , T 2 , T 3 , the arresters A 1 , A 2 , A 3 and the snubber circuit S 1 , which are connected in parallel, Voltage limited by S 2 and S 3
Since only V M is applied, each thyristor element T 1 ,
T 2 and T 3 are protected.
しかし、各サイリスタT1，T2，T3に導通指令
が出たとき、点弧回路の故障によつて、サイリス
タ素子T1のみが導通しなかつたとすると、サイ
リスタ素子T1を残して他のサイリスタが導通し、
サイリスタ素子T1と並列に接続されたアレスタ
ーA1には外部回路条件で決まる負荷電流が強制
的に流れ、その端子電圧はアレスターA1の電圧
−電流特性によつて決まる値となる。 However, when a conduction command is issued to each thyristor T 1 , T 2 , T 3 , if only thyristor element T 1 fails to conduct due to a failure in the ignition circuit, all but thyristor element T 1 and the other The thyristor conducts,
A load current determined by external circuit conditions is forced to flow through the arrester A 1 connected in parallel with the thyristor element T 1 , and the terminal voltage thereof becomes a value determined by the voltage-current characteristics of the arrester A 1 .
通常、アレスタは負荷電流のような過大な電流
を長時間流す能力をもつていないので、過熱して
周辺に熱的な悪影響を及ぼすことになる。さら
に、過熱して機械的な破壊を起こすと、飛散した
破片で周辺を損傷することがあるので、第２図で
示すように、アレスタに過大な電流が流れたら、
アレスタの両端を電気的に接続するように構成さ
れたものが提案されている。 Usually, arresters do not have the ability to carry an excessive current such as the load current for a long period of time, so they overheat and have an adverse thermal effect on the surrounding area. Furthermore, if the arrester overheats and mechanically breaks down, flying debris may damage the surrounding area, so as shown in Figure 2, if an excessive current flows through the arrester,
Arresters configured to electrically connect both ends of the arrester have been proposed.
すなわち、第２図では、酸化亜鉛形アレスタな
どの過電圧制限要素３に半田などの低融点金属４
を当接させ、一対の電極１，２間に過電圧制限要
素３と低融点金属４とを電気的に直列接続し、低
融点金属４と密着された導電性のプレート９を介
してばね１０で一方の電極１に押圧し、他方の電
極２とはシヤント１１で接続し、溶融した低融点
金属４で両通電部１ａ，２ａが電気的に接続され
るように、対向した両通電部１ａ，２ａが低融点
金属４の下部に配置してある。 That is, in FIG. 2, a low melting point metal 4 such as solder is connected to an overvoltage limiting element 3 such as a zinc oxide type arrester.
The overvoltage limiting element 3 and the low melting point metal 4 are electrically connected in series between the pair of electrodes 1 and 2, and the spring 10 is connected through the conductive plate 9 that is in close contact with the low melting point metal 4. Both current-carrying parts 1a, 2a facing each other are pressed against one electrode 1 and connected to the other electrode 2 by a shunt 11, so that both current-carrying parts 1a, 2a are electrically connected by the molten low-melting point metal 4. 2a is placed below the low melting point metal 4.
上記構成において、過電圧制限要素３に過大な
電流が流れる場合、電極１→過電圧制限要素３→
低融点金属４→シヤント１１→電極２の回路を通
る。これによつて、過電圧制限要素３の温度が上
昇するので、低融点金属４が溶融して両通電部１
ａ，２ａ間に落下し、両電極１，２間が電気的に
接続される。したがつて、過電圧制限要素３に流
れていた電流は、両通電部１ａ，２ａ間に落下し
た低融点金属４を経由して流れるので、過電圧制
限要素３の過熱が抑制できる。 In the above configuration, when excessive current flows through the overvoltage limiting element 3, electrode 1 → overvoltage limiting element 3 →
It passes through a circuit of low melting point metal 4 → shunt 11 → electrode 2. As a result, the temperature of the overvoltage limiting element 3 increases, and the low melting point metal 4 melts, causing both current-carrying parts 1 to rise.
It falls between electrodes 1 and 2a, and both electrodes 1 and 2 are electrically connected. Therefore, the current flowing through the overvoltage limiting element 3 flows through the low melting point metal 4 that has fallen between the current carrying parts 1a and 2a, so that overheating of the overvoltage limiting element 3 can be suppressed.
しかし、過電圧制限要素の一部が電気的に破壊
してそこに過大な電流が集中した場合には、その
近傍の低融点金属は瞬時に溶融して落下するが、
電流が集中した個所によつて低融点金属の溶融量
が異なるので、両通電部の接続が不安定であると
いう欠点があつた。 However, if a part of the overvoltage limiting element electrically breaks down and excessive current concentrates there, the low melting point metal in the vicinity will instantly melt and fall.
Since the amount of melting of the low-melting point metal differs depending on the location where the current is concentrated, there is a drawback that the connection between the two current-carrying parts is unstable.
この発明は、上記欠点を解消するためになされ
たもので、低融点金属に電極と過電圧制限要素な
どの通電体との間に所定の間隔を保持する間隔部
材を埋設し、所定の比抵抗及び融点を有する無機
質繊維を所定の大きさの目に編んだ囲繞部材で包
み多量の溶融した低融点金属を電極間に落下させ
るようにした電気装置を提供する。 This invention was made to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks, and includes a spacing member that maintains a predetermined distance between an electrode and a current-carrying body such as an overvoltage limiting element embedded in a low-melting point metal, and a predetermined resistivity and a predetermined resistivity. To provide an electric device in which a large amount of molten low-melting point metal is made to fall between electrodes by wrapping inorganic fibers having a melting point in a surrounding member made of woven mesh of a predetermined size.
以下図について説明する。第３図において、１
は第１の通電部１ａを有する第１の電極、２は第
１の通電部１ａと所定の間隔をあけて対向した第
２の通電部２ａを有する第２の電極、３は酸化亜
鉛素子などの過電圧制限要素などからなる通電
体、４は第２の電極２と通電体３間に配置された
はんだなどの低融点金属、５は低融点金属４に埋
設され第２の電極２と通電体３との間隔を維持す
る間隔部材、６は両端がそれぞれ第２の電極２と
通電体３とに固着され低融点金属３を囲繞する部
材で、囲繞部材６はセラミツクスフアイバ等の高
融点、高抵抗の無機質繊維を所定の大きさの網目
に編んで構成されている。７は第１の電極１と通
電体３間に配置された通電可能なばね、８は通電
体３が収納される各電極１，２が保持された絶縁
筒で、両通電部１ａ，２ａの下部と当接し溜り部
８ａを構成している。このように構成されたもの
は、第１の電極１と第２の電極２間が電気的に接
続されている。 The figures will be explained below. In Figure 3, 1
2 is a first electrode having a first current-carrying part 1a, 2 is a second electrode having a second current-carrying part 2a facing the first current-carrying part 1a at a predetermined distance, 3 is a zinc oxide element, etc. 4 is a low melting point metal such as solder placed between the second electrode 2 and the current carrying body 3; 5 is a low melting point metal embedded in the low melting point metal 4, and the second electrode 2 and the current carrying body are connected to each other; A spacing member 6 is a member that surrounds the low melting point metal 3 and has both ends fixed to the second electrode 2 and the current carrying body 3, respectively. It is constructed by knitting resistive inorganic fibers into a mesh of a predetermined size. Reference numeral 7 denotes a current-carrying spring disposed between the first electrode 1 and the current-carrying body 3; 8 an insulating cylinder holding each electrode 1, 2 in which the current-carrying body 3 is housed; It contacts the lower part and forms a reservoir part 8a. In the device configured in this way, the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 are electrically connected.
つぎに動作を説明する。第３図において、通電
体３に過大な電流が流れ温度が上昇すると、低融
点金属４が通電体３と接触した側から順次溶融
し、表面張力の関係で囲繞部材６の網目によつて
短時間保持され、溶融量の増大による圧力の増加
で、液滴となつて網目から落下するので、溜り部
８ａは多量の溶融した低融点金属４で充たされる
ため、両通電部１ａ，２ａ間の通電容量が確保さ
れる。 Next, the operation will be explained. In FIG. 3, when an excessive current flows through the current carrying body 3 and the temperature rises, the low melting point metal 4 sequentially melts from the side in contact with the current carrying body 3, and due to the surface tension, the mesh of the surrounding member 6 causes the metal 4 to melt and become short. As the pressure increases due to the increase in the amount of melted metal, the liquid droplets form and fall from the mesh, and the reservoir 8a is filled with a large amount of molten low-melting point metal 4. Current carrying capacity is ensured.
発明者は第３図のものを次のように構成して所
定の機能を発揮することを確認した。 The inventor has confirmed that the device shown in FIG. 3 is configured as follows and exhibits a predetermined function.
すなわち、通電体３に酸化亜鉛形バリスタ
（600Aで約7Ω）、低融点金属４にPb−Sn共晶はん
だ、囲繞部材６には市販のセラミツクスフアイバ
平織クロス0.45mm厚さから、適宜目を粗くしたも
の、あるいはフアイバー材を手編みしたもの等を
用いた。 In other words, the current carrying body 3 is a zinc oxide type varistor (approx. 7Ω at 600A), the low melting point metal 4 is Pb-Sn eutectic solder, and the surrounding member 6 is a commercially available ceramic fiber plain weave cloth with a thickness of 0.45 mm, with a rough weave as appropriate. or hand-knitted fiber material.
このように構成したものに、600A、5.5msのパ
ルスを16.6ms毎に通電した場合、上記の動作に
よつて両通電部１ａ，２ａ間の通電容量が確保さ
れた。なお、囲繞部材６の編目は0.1〜0.5mmの目
の粗さとなるときに最も安定した閉路条件が得ら
れた。 When a pulse of 600 A and 5.5 ms was applied every 16.6 ms to the device configured as described above, the above-described operation ensured the current carrying capacity between the two current-carrying parts 1a and 2a. Note that the most stable closed circuit condition was obtained when the mesh of the surrounding member 6 had a roughness of 0.1 to 0.5 mm.
上記実施例では、低融点金属にpb−sn共晶は
んだを用いたが、Pb、Sn、Bi等の純金属、Pb−
Sn−Sb、Pb−Sn−Bi、その他ウツドメタル等の
合金を用いてもよく、セラミツクフアイバーの代
りに、グラスフアイバーやカーボンフアイバー
を、それぞれ容量に応じて必要とされる特性を有
するものから選んで用いても、上記実施例と同様
の効果を期待することができる。 In the above example, pb-sn eutectic solder was used as the low melting point metal, but pure metals such as Pb, Sn, Bi, etc.
Alloys such as Sn-Sb, Pb-Sn-Bi, and other wood metals may be used, and instead of ceramic fibers, glass fibers and carbon fibers may be selected from among those having the required characteristics depending on the capacity. Even if it is used, the same effects as in the above embodiment can be expected.
さらに、上記実施例においては、囲繞部材を無
機繊維で構成し、両端をそれぞれ通電体と第２の
電極とに固着した場合について説明したが、囲繞
部材の一端を低融点金属の側面に沿つて折曲げ、
通電体と当接可能にすることによつて、囲繞部材
を金属繊維で構成することができる。 Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the case where the surrounding member is made of inorganic fibers and both ends are fixed to the current carrying body and the second electrode, respectively, has been described. bending,
By allowing the surrounding member to come into contact with the current-carrying body, the surrounding member can be made of metal fibers.
この発明によれば、過大な電流が流れたとき通
電体の発熱で溶融される低融点金属を、所定の繊
維を所定の大きさの目に編んだ囲繞部材で包み、
溶融された低融点金属を短時間保持するように構
成することによつて、多量の溶融した低融点金属
をほとんど同時に滴下するので、両電極間の通電
容量が十分確保される。 According to this invention, a low-melting point metal that is melted by heat generated by a current-carrying body when an excessive current flows is wrapped in a surrounding member made of predetermined fibers woven with a predetermined mesh size.
By holding the molten low-melting point metal for a short time, a large amount of the molten low-melting point metal is dropped almost simultaneously, thereby ensuring sufficient current carrying capacity between both electrodes.
第１図は電力変換装置の構成図、第２図は従来
の電気装置を示す断面図、第３図はこの発明の一
実施例を示す断面図である。図において、１は第
１の電極、２は第２の電極、３は通電体、４は低
融点金属、５は間隔部材、６は囲繞部材、８は絶
縁筒および８ａは溜り部である。なお各図中同一
符号は同一又は相当部分を示す。
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a power conversion device, FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a conventional electric device, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a first electrode, 2 is a second electrode, 3 is a current carrying body, 4 is a low melting point metal, 5 is a spacing member, 6 is a surrounding member, 8 is an insulating cylinder, and 8a is a reservoir. Note that the same reference numerals in each figure indicate the same or equivalent parts.
Claims (1)
る一対の電極間に互いに密着された通電体と低融
点金属とを電気的に直列に接続して配置し、上記
各通電部と絶縁部材とで溶融した上記低融点金属
が貯溜できる溜り部を形成し、上記低融点金属が
上記溜り部の上部になるように構成されたものに
おいて、上記低融点金属は上記通電体と上記電極
との間を所定の間隔に保つ間隔部材が埋設され比
抵抗及び融点が低融点金属の比抵抗及び融点より
大きい繊維を所定の大きさの目に編んだ囲繞部材
で包まれていることを特徴とする電気装置。 ２ 低融点金属が327℃以下の凝固点又は液相線
温度を有する金属又は合金であることを特徴とす
る特許請求の範囲第１項記載の電気装置。 ３ 囲繞部材の編目が0.1〜0.5mmであることを特
徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項記載の電気装置。[Scope of Claims] 1. A current-carrying body and a low-melting point metal that are in close contact with each other are electrically connected in series and arranged between a pair of electrodes having respective current-carrying parts facing each other at a predetermined interval. The current-carrying part and the insulating member form a reservoir in which the molten low-melting metal can be stored, and the low-melting metal is located above the reservoir, wherein the low-melting metal is connected to the current-carrying body. A spacing member is embedded to maintain a predetermined distance between the metal and the electrode, and the metal is surrounded by a surrounding member made of fibers having a predetermined mesh size, the resistivity and melting point of which are greater than those of the low melting point metal. An electrical device characterized by: 2. The electrical device according to claim 1, wherein the low melting point metal is a metal or alloy having a freezing point or liquidus temperature of 327° C. or lower. 3. The electrical device according to claim 1, wherein the mesh of the surrounding member is 0.1 to 0.5 mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP21867382A JPS59108302A (en) | 1982-12-14 | 1982-12-14 | Electric device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP21867382A JPS59108302A (en) | 1982-12-14 | 1982-12-14 | Electric device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS59108302A JPS59108302A (en) | 1984-06-22 |
| JPH0211001B2 true JPH0211001B2 (en) | 1990-03-12 |
Family
ID=16723623
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP21867382A Granted JPS59108302A (en) | 1982-12-14 | 1982-12-14 | Electric device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS59108302A (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0774503A (en) * | 1993-09-03 | 1995-03-17 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Circularly polarized wave generator |
| JP2945839B2 (en) * | 1994-09-12 | 1999-09-06 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | Circular-linear polarization converter and its manufacturing method |
| JP3331839B2 (en) * | 1995-11-13 | 2002-10-07 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | Circularly polarized linearly polarized wave converter |
-
1982
- 1982-12-14 JP JP21867382A patent/JPS59108302A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS59108302A (en) | 1984-06-22 |
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