JPH0210245B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a pressure-charging box type crimping machine that is capable of high-speed operation.

In recent years, the rationalization of synthetic fiber manufacturing technology has progressed, and direct spinning and drawing methods (spin draw), high-speed spinning methods, etc. have been implemented.
Furthermore, a high-speed crimp method was applied to this yarn to produce a multifilament yarn with crimp. The method of producing staple fibers (hereinafter referred to as staple fibers) or tow to provide a raw material for spinning still involves separate spinning and drawing, and attempts have been made to make this process continuous and faster. Although development research is being conducted in various places,
There is no perfect manufacturing method yet. The main reason for preventing this from happening is the crimping machine. The maximum thickness of the above-mentioned multifilament yarn is several thousand deniers, and fiber bundles of this size have a speed of several thousand meters per minute due to collisions with jets of air and water vapor, and collisions with fixed objects. Crimp can be developed at high speed. Fiber bundles intended for fabrics or tows have a thickness of tens of thousands of deniers or more, and it is technically impossible to crimp them using the above method, so the methods used in the past have been used. There is a need in the industry to improve pressure-filled roller crimp machines that can operate at high speeds. The inventors of the present invention invented a method in which the speed of fibers fed at high speed is reduced by an order of magnitude using a crimping machine in the previous application (Japanese Patent Application No. 52-005131 and Patent Application No. 53-035750). Thus, a method has been described for preventing fibers from being bitten into the gaps of a pressurized box crimp machine using pressurized air or steam, thereby enabling high-speed operation of the crimp machine. However, as the crimping machine continued to be used, it became clear that the mechanism was complicated and impractical, and that the use of pressurized air or steam to prevent the fibers from being bitten into the gaps was not always appropriate. It turned out that improvements were needed.

That is, providing a steam or pressure fluid chamber behind the doctor plate complicates the structure of the doctor plate, and distortion caused by the pressure or heat of steam etc. makes it difficult to maintain a narrow and constant gap between the doctor plate and the roller. Furthermore, it has been found that supplying pressurized steam to the contact plate for the end face of the roller using the pressure contact point of the roller is insufficiently effective in preventing fibers from getting caught in the gap between the roller and the roller.

The present invention not only improves the drawbacks of the crimping machine as a method for taking up fibers, but also achieves stable operation in response to the demand for higher speed for the crimping machine, which is originally intended for crimping. The present invention provides a high-speed pressure charging type crimping machine.

Although the rollers and the compression box are in close contact with the compression box type crimping machine, there is a small gap between them, and the compression box itself has a fixed part and a movable part. There is a slight gap between them. The fiber bundle is strongly pressed between the rollers and fed into the compression box by the rotation of the rollers, so the fibers are constrained each other, and the fibers are forced into the gap between the rollers and into the compression box. Normally, the fibers are not bitten, but the fibers are given bending,
It forms into a lump and is extruded smoothly.

However, in order to continue smooth operation, the fibers that make up the supplied fiber bundle must be aligned approximately parallel to the traveling direction, and the width and thickness of the bundle must be adjusted. It is necessary for the fiber bundle to be guided almost uniformly to the roller inlet. If an asymmetrical fiber bundle is supplied, the fibers will be bitten into the above-mentioned gaps, and the fiber bundle will not be discharged smoothly and the extrusion will be delayed. Not only will the fiber bundles be disorganized, but a portion of the fiber bundles will accumulate in the compression box, making it impossible for the crimping machine to continue operating.

The tendency for fibers to bite into gaps increases as the circumferential speed of the roller increases, but if the machining accuracy of the rollers and pressure box is increased, each gap is made even, and the surface in contact with the fibers is made smooth, this can usually be avoided. By feeding fiber bundles adjusted as described above, biting can be prevented, but if the circumferential speed of the pressure roller that feeds the fiber bundles exceeds 200 m/min, feeding the fiber bundles adjusted as described above will not completely prevent it. Unable to prevent biting,
This often causes unstable driving.

In order to prevent fibers from being bitten into gaps that cannot be avoided due to the structure of a pressurized box crimping machine, the present invention supplies fluid such as air under pressure to the gaps, and The pressure inside the pressurized box is made slightly higher than that of the part where the fibers exist, and by the pressure difference or the force of the fluid flowing out from the gap,
It relates to a structure that prevents fibers from being bitten into the gap and enables high-speed rotation of the roller, and does not exceed 1/3 of the length from the inside of the gap to the outside of the gap of the present invention. By supplying a fluid under pressure to the position, the winding type applicator can be operated at a circumferential speed of 1000 m/min or more without the fiber being bitten.

The mode of supplying pressure fluid according to the present invention to prevent fibers from being bitten into each gap will be described in detail below. The tendency of fibers to get caught in gaps varies depending on the nature of the fibers being processed and the condition of the fiber bundle, and it is not necessarily the case that fibers get stuck in all gaps. It is sufficient to apply the method of the present invention, and it is not necessarily necessary to use the method of the present application for all the gaps.

In order to prevent the roller from being bitten into the gap between the roller and the doctor plate, it is effective to supply a fluid with pressure to the gap and make it flow out into the pressure box, but on the other hand, the fluid It also tries to flow out in the opposite direction to the pressure-filled box. Even if a gasket or the like is used to prevent this, it is difficult to insert it, and even if it is inserted, there is a risk of staining the roller surface. As a result of intensive research, the present inventors have found that the gap between the roller and the doctor plate can be filled as close as possible to the tip of the doctor plate for fiber separation without using a packing or the like. If a pressurized fluid is introduced and blown out at a distance not exceeding 1/3 of the length from the inner edge to the outer edge of the box, even if some fluid escapes to the other side, fibers will fill this gap. I discovered that it is the most effective way to prevent being bitten. Fibers being bitten into the gap between the doctor plate and the side plate tend to occur near the tip of the doctor plate, and rarely occur thereafter.
The inventors believe that the pressure fluid is supplied to this gap at a position close to the tip of the doctor and not more than 1/3 of the length of the gap outward from the inside of the pressure-filled box. It has also been discovered that guiding and blowing out the fluid contained in the fibers is effective in preventing the fibers from being bitten into the gaps.

Originally, this type of crimping machine has a self-safety feature that prevents fibers from entering the gap between the rotating roller and the stationary compression box, as long as the gap is made small to a certain extent. The gap is within the range that is possible for processing and assembly. The reason for this is that the path of the fibers passing through the gripping point and entering the pressurized box widens rapidly, creating a low pressure area here. Outside air flows into this low pressure section. Due to the inflow, fibers are prevented from entering the gap. Immediately after the grasping point, the fibers crumple into a small lump, and as the fiber progresses, the lump bends further to form a larger lump. At the tip of the doctor plate, the fibers form a much larger mass than the gap between the doctor plate and the roller, and do not enter the gap. However, in a fiber bundle, some fibers may be separated from the main part and become fluffy, and this may be rubbed by the roller surface and try to enter the gap. If the fibers break, there is no problem in continuing operation, but if other fibers are pulled in, a considerable amount of fibers will be bitten and the progress of the fiber bundle will stop, making it impossible to continue operating the crimper. become unable. The tendency for a small number of fibers to enter the gap increases when the fiber bundles are irregular and as the peripheral speed of the roller increases. The fibers can be prevented from entering the gap by applying a pressure slightly higher than the tip of the doctor plate in the gap. However, the fiber bundle inside the pressurized box has many voids, and when air pressure is applied to the gaps, air flows into the pressurized box. The incoming air flows towards the outlet of the pressurized box, but even though there are gaps between the fibers, there is a large resistance to the flow, which increases the pressure inside the pressurized box.
Supplying pressurized air from the gap behind the doctor plate prevents fibers from entering there, but if too much air is supplied, it has a self-safety effect, and fibers may enter other gaps where fibers cannot enter. This causes the vehicle to become pushed in, which actually impedes stable driving. The inventors of the present invention sought a method to increase the effect of preventing fibers from falling in without affecting other gaps by sending as small a volume of pressurized fluid as possible into the gap, and found that conventional designs do not always have uniform dimensions. We tried to make the empty gap uniform in size and supply pressurized air by opening the supply ports as close as possible to both ends of the pressure filling box in the gap, and finally, we finally reached a point that was 1 the length of the gap from the inner edge of the pressure filling box. If the fiber is supplied to a position within /3, it will prevent the fibers from falling into the gap without affecting other gaps, or to the extent that it can be prevented by taking similar measures in other gaps. It has become possible to operate stably at roller circumferential speeds of 1000 m/min or more. The amount of pressure fluid supplied is preferably as small as possible to prevent a small amount of fibers from entering the gap in the first place, and the number of locations to which it is supplied is also preferably small. However, depending on the design of each crimper and the properties of the fiber, the gap portions that are prone to fall may differ, so it is better to determine the feeding section after examining the tendency of each crimper.

In the gap between the end face of the roller and the side plate, the fibers often fall into the side of the area where the roller contacts the fibers, compresses the fibers, and sends them out. The inventors also directed a pressurized fluid close to the roller periphery of this gap, at least at a distance not exceeding 1/3 of the length of the gap measured from the roller periphery toward the roller center. It has been discovered that allowing the fibers to flow out is also effective in preventing the fibers from being bitten into the gaps.

However, at the end of the roller, the free fibers that have separated from the fiber bundle, which tend to exist at both ends of the fiber bundle at an angle near where the fiber bundle is about to enter the roller pressure part, are separated from the side plate and the end surface of the roller. trying to get in between. Further, at the roller pressure welding section, the fibers being pressure welded tend to protrude laterally and try to escape. Therefore, fibers can easily enter the gap between the side plate and the roller end surface than the gap between the side plate and the doctor plate, so this part is used as a separate part from the side plate, that is, a backing plate, and the relationship with the roller end surface is adjusted independently. Designs that aim to do this are often adopted. In this case, if the backing plate is supported with an extremely small gap from the end face of the roller, there is a risk that the backing plate will come into direct contact with the end face of the roller. As a result of various studies, the inventors of the present invention have found that introducing and blowing out a fluid under pressure into this gap is effective in preventing wear caused by direct contact and also in preventing fibers from entering this gap.
In addition, when applying force to the backing plate and pressing it against the end face of the roller to substantially eliminate the gap between the two, supplying fluid with pressure to this contact surface prevents direct solid contact and prevents wear. At the same time, they also discovered that it is possible to prevent fibers from entering during this period. In such cases, the position where the pressurized fluid is supplied must be at a distance not exceeding 1/3 of the gap or contact surface length measured from the roller periphery toward the roller center. It was most effective in preventing the fibers from being bitten.

In Figures 1 and 2, 1 and 2 are rollers, the bearing of roller 1 is fixed, and the bearing of roller 2 is supported so that it can move up and down by several mm to several tens of mm. . 3, 4, 5 and 6 are plates constituting the pressure box. A lower doctor plate 3 is supported so as to maintain a gap 7 between the roller 1 and the roller 1, and acts to separate the fibers from the roller 1. Reference numeral 4 denotes an upper doctor plate that acts to separate the fibers from the roller 2, and is supported so that the gap 8 does not change even if the position of the axis of the roller 2 moves. 5 and 6 are left and right side plates, respectively, which are supported so as to maintain a constant gap with respect to the roller and the doctor plate. The doctor plate 3 and the side plate can be supported so that they do not move together, and the gap therebetween is 9. The relative positions of the doctor plate 4 and the side plates change depending on the driving situation, so
Both surfaces forming the gap 10 may move relative to each other.

Roller 2 is pressed against roller 1 in order to advance the fiber bundle between rollers 1 and 2. In addition, the compression box provides resistance to the fiber bundle extruded from between the rollers, causing crimp.
The doctor plate 4 is pressed against the doctor plate 3 in order to compress the fiber bundles in the compression box.

In the present invention, in order to prevent part of the fiber bundle supplied to the compression box from being bitten into the gap between the doctor plate and the doctor plate as the rollers 1 and 2 rotate, the doctor plate is installed as shown in FIG. A small hole 11 is bored near the tip of the hole, and a large number of small holes or continuous narrow grooves 12 are machined from the small hole toward the gap, and a fluid under pressure is passed through the hole 13 from the small hole 11 or the groove 12. It is supplied to this gap 7 or 8 to help the fiber separation effect of the tip of the doctor plate and prevent fibers from entering the gap 7 or 8. Inside the compression box, fiber bundles exist in a compressed state, but even though they are compressed, many voids remain between the fibers, and the percentage of these spaces occupied by the fiber material is at most 30 to 30%. Around 40%, 70-60%
Since there are gaps, the fluid that comes out of the gaps easily passes through the fiber bundle and escapes to the outside. Therefore, the pressure inside the pressurized box will not increase. On the other hand, there is fluid flowing in the gap toward the tip of the doctor plate in the opposite direction. If the fluid is supplied to this gap at a position that does not exceed 1/3 of the length of the gap from the tip of the doctor plate, more than half of the fluid will flow toward the tip of the doctor plate and the fibers will be bitten. Effectively prevent.

As shown in FIG. 3, fluid is supplied to the gap between the doctor plate and the side plate from the end of the small hole 11 in the doctor plate. Alternatively, a small hole 14 is made in the side plate and a pressurized fluid is supplied through the hole to prevent the fibers from being bitten into the gap. In any case, the supply position is placed at a location not exceeding 1/3 of the length between the inside of the pressurized box and the outside of the gap.

In Figure 2, there is no relative movement between the lower doctor plate 3 and the side plates 5 and 6, so they are brought into close contact and the gap 9 is
In this case, there is no need to introduce fluid into this gap.

In the above description, the roller 1 and the doctor plate 3 are fixed in their positions, and the roller 2 and the doctor plate 4 are able to move slightly with respect to the roller 1 while maintaining their relative positions. Even when the plate 4 is fixed in its position and the roller 1 and the doctor plate 3 can move slightly while maintaining their relative positions, or when both rollers can be moved slightly while maintaining their relative positions with the respective doctor plates. The present invention is also applicable to

Regarding the side surface near the roller pressure contact part, as shown in FIG.
or 16 to direct the fluid under pressure between the gaps or contact surfaces. The lower half of the figure shows the case where the side plate is extended to the end face of the roller pressure contact part, and the upper half shows the case where an independent patch plate is provided on the end face of the roller pressure contact part.

The effect of making the backing plate independent is that the fibers in the fiber bundle tend to come off laterally most often at the front and rear of the roller pressure contact area, so by making it possible to adjust only this area, the fibers can be removed from the roller end face. The point is to take effective measures to prevent it from entering. In order to sufficiently maintain this effect even when the roller rotates at high speed, it is necessary to prevent direct solid contact between the backing plate and the roller end face, and to supply a fluid with pressure to prevent fibers from entering between them. It is effective to do so.

FIG. 5 shows a case where the patch plate 19 is pressed against the roller end face 18 with a constant force, and the fluid under pressure flows through the hole 20 bored in the patch plate support rod 20.
It is supplied to the contact surface through a small hole 23 through a hole 22 made in the backing plate. FIG. 6 shows a design in which the gap between the backing plate 19 and the end face of the roller is kept at an adjustable minute size.

In either case, a small hole 23 that supplies fluid to the gap
is placed at a position not exceeding 1/3 of the length of the gap measured from the peripheral edge of the roller toward the center of the roller, to effectively prevent the fibers from being bitten into the gap by the supply of pressurized fluid. I can do it.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the compression box crimp machine, showing the relationship between the rollers and the doctor plate. Second
The figure is a view of the pressure charging box from the rear, showing the relationship between the doctor plate and the side plate. Figure 3 is an enlarged view showing the gaps in the doctor plate and side plate where fibers can easily get bitten, Figure 3a is a side view seen from the roller axis direction, and Figure 3b is a side view seen from the roller axis direction. FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a position where fluid under pressure is supplied. FIG. 4 is a view of the roller and side plate viewed from a direction perpendicular to the roller axis, showing the relationship between the roller and the side plate, and the upper half of the figure shows a case where a part of the side plate is used as a backing plate and separated. Figures 5 and 6 show the paths for supplying fluid with pressure to the backing plate, and Figure 5 shows the path for pressing the backing plate against the roller end face, and Figure 6 shows the route for pressing the backing plate against the roller end face. A case where support is provided with an adjustable gap is shown. Explanation of the main symbols: 1 and 2 are the upper and lower pressure rollers, 3 and 4 are the upper and lower doctor plates, 5 and 6 are the left and right side plates, 7 and 8 are the gaps between the upper and lower pressure rollers and the upper and lower doctor plates, respectively.9 , 10 is a gap between the upper and lower doctor plates and the side plate, 11, 13, 14 are pressure air introduction pipes, 12 is a groove or small hole for blowing out pressure air, 1
Reference numeral 5 indicates a side plate, and 17 indicates a backing plate for the end surface of the roller.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Two pressure rollers that supply the fiber bundle, a doctor plate facing each roller while always maintaining a fixed gap regardless of the displacement of these rollers, and a roller end face and a doctor plate end face that are in contact with each other or In a crimping machine equipped with a compression box consisting of left and right side plates, which are made up of one or more parts facing each other with a small gap, the area between the roller and the doctor plate where the fibers are likely to be bitten. As a means for supplying fluid with pressure to the gaps existing between the doctor plate and the side plate and between the side plate and the end face of the roller, a groove-shaped groove is connected to a fluid passage passing through the inside of a component other than the roller forming the gap. Alternatively, the outlet in the form of a row of small holes is placed on the surface of the parts other than the rollers that form the gap, from the edge of the gap surface inside the pressure box outwards, 1 of the length of the gap with uniform dimensions. A high-speed pressure charging type crimping machine characterized by being located at a position not exceeding /3.