JPH0210115A - Warmth detecting device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain optimum environment by making the inner surface of a hollow substance having an opening part provided with a porous cover possess good reflectivity with respect to light and heat, covering the outer periphery thereof with a heat insulating material, providing a heat generating body therein, estimating the power of the heat generating body with an output from a temperature sensor and controlling the power. CONSTITUTION:The inner surface 11 of the hollow substance 12 is covered with the material having good reflectance with respect to heat and light and a part of the hollow substance 12 is made to open and covered with the porous cover 13. The outside of the hollow substance 12 is fitted in a heat insulating case 14 and the heat generating boy 10 is provided on the inside thereof. The outside temperature is detected by a sensor 22 so as to drive an estimating means 21 according to the output therefrom. The power supplied to the heat generating element 10 is obtained from the difference between an intended temperature set in the estimating means 21 and a measured temperature 22 in an operation part 16, so that the heat generating element 10 is heated through the control means 15. The hollow substance 12 has characteristic similar to the sensation of warmth and coldness of a human being with respect to radiant heat and convective heat owing to its structure. Thus, comfortable space can be easily formed and the title device becomes appropriate for the control of an air-conditioning equipment.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a thermal detection device for detecting the thermal state of an environment in an air conditioner that provides a comfortable environment for humans.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION As shown in FIG. 6, a conventional thermal detection device of this type covers a heating element 1 with a covering 2 made of a jelly-like substance whose thermal characteristics roughly match those of the human body. A cover 5 is provided with a detection body 3 made of a thermocouple that detects the temperature of the body, and has a large number of ventilation holes 4 on the outside of the cover 2 and is molded into a spherical shape from a resin such as polyethylene that transmits radiant heat.
An application has been filed for a thermal sensing element having a configuration in which a power supply line 6 to the heating element 1 and a speech line 7 from the sensing element 3 are provided (for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 60170731). Using this element, the electricity 3...-.

While supplying constant power to the J supply line 6, the signal line 7
The system is now able to obtain signals that are more responsive to the thermal state of the environment and determine the thermal sensation of the human body.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, with the above configuration, although it is possible to make a judgment by comprehensively considering the effects of environmental temperature, airflow, and radiant temperature, it is difficult to detect how each individual element is affecting the environment. That was impossible.

The present invention solves such conventional problems, and aims to be able to collectively detect the thermal effects of air temperature, airflow, and radiant temperature, as well as detect the thermal effects of radiant temperature, with a simple configuration.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, the thermal detection device of the present invention includes a hollow body having an opening and whose inner surface has good reflectivity against light heat, and a hollow body provided so as to cover the outer periphery of the hollow body. a heat insulating section made of a material with good heat insulation properties, a porous cover provided at the opening of the hollow body, a heating element made of a substance whose electrical resistance changes depending on its own temperature provided inside the hollow body, An air temperature sensor that detects air temperature, a control means that maintains the heating element at a different set temperature, a prediction means that predicts electric power to be supplied to the heating element from the output of the air temperature sensor, and an output from the prediction means. The heating element is configured to include a calculation section that compares the electric power supplied to the heating element and calculates the influence of radiant temperature on the human body.

According to the above-described configuration, the heating element exchanges radiant heat with surrounding objects and solar radiation by directly passing through the porous cover or by reflecting on the inner surface of the hollow body, and also exchanges radiant heat with the secondary airflow inside the hollow body generated by the surrounding airflow. Convection heat exchange is performed, and the porous cover exchanges radiant heat with surrounding objects and solar radiation, whereby the porous cover and the hollow body are heated or cooled, thereby exchanging radiant heat with the heating element. At the same time, some of the heat is exchanged by conduction. At this time, the shape and dimensions of the hollow body are:
Since the heat generating element is formed so that the rate of convective heat transfer and radiant heat transfer between the heat generating element and the surrounding environment approximately corresponds to that of the human body, the heat generating element is maintained at a constant temperature Ts by the control means. The magnitude of the load for this purpose is obtained in accordance with the load for maintaining the human body's body temperature constant, so the thermal sensation of the human body can be determined from this. Furthermore, by adding information comparing the output of a prediction means for predicting the power supplied to the heat generating element from the output of the temperature sensor and the power supplied to the heat generating element, a simple calculation in the arithmetic unit can be performed to estimate the environment. The influence of radiant temperature can be determined. By controlling the air conditioner based on this judgment of thermal sensation and the influence of radiant temperature, it is possible to easily create a comfortable space.

Embodiments Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on the accompanying drawings.

In the block diagram shown in Fig. 1, 10 is a heating element using a thermistor, and as shown in detail in the partially cutaway perspective view of Fig. 2, the inner surface 11 is plated with aluminum, which has good reflectivity against light and heat. A porous cover 13 having fine openings and a surface painted with matte black is provided in the resinous hollow body 12, and the hollow body 1
A heat insulating part 14 made of styrene foam is provided on the outside of the 2.

The inner surface 11 is constituted by a parabolic curved surface, and the heating element 10 is provided at approximately the focal point of the parabolic curved surface of the inner surface 11, thereby directing radiation from the surrounding environment through the porous cover 13 to the heating element. 10, and the heat generating element 10 is installed in a recess surrounded by a hollow body 12 and passes through the porous cover 13, thereby reducing the speed of the airflow that directly contacts the heat generating element 10. Since it is configured to greatly attenuate, the radiant heat transfer coefficient and convective heat transfer coefficient of the heating element 10 can be made approximately equal to the radiant heat transfer coefficient and the average convective heat transfer coefficient of the human body, and the heating element 10 can be kept at a constant temperature. The heat load maintained by the human body is highly correlated with the heat load required for the human body to maintain its body temperature in the same environment.

Furthermore, there is a correlation between this heat load and the thermal sensation of the human body.

That is, the heating element 10 is controlled by the control means 15 to
, -7 The heating element 10 is controlled to generate heat to a constant temperature, and information corresponding to the thermal sensation of the human body can be obtained from the signal of the control load of the control means 15 at this time.

FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of the control means 15, in which the temperature of the heating element 10 is kept constant by the heating element 10, the operational amplifier 17, the fixed resistor 18, the fixed resistor 19, and the fixed resistor 2o. The structure is such that the temperature is controlled to Ts. When the circuit is operated, the heating element 10 is connected to the fixed resistor 18.
, heat is generated to a certain temperature determined by the resistance values of the fixed resistor 19 and the fixed resistor 20 and the temperature-resistance characteristics of the heating element 10. changes and acts to lower the temperature of the heating element 1o, the resistance of the heating element 10, which is a thermistor, increases and the potential at point b rises, so the operational amplifier 17 amplifies the potential difference between point 8 and point b. As a result, the potential at the zero point increases, and as a result, the current flowing through the heating element 10 increases. This increase in current increases the amount of heat generated by the heating element 10, and the temperature of the heating element 10 rises by 1 and becomes stable at the original temperature. At this time, the load Q required for the heating element 10 to generate heat can be obtained by the potential at point b or point 0. The heat balance between the surface of the heating element 10 and the environment when the heating element 10 is maintained at the set temperature Ts is expressed by the following equation.

Q=aa(Ts-Ta)+ar(Ts-Tr) --
(1) However, Q: Amount of heat dissipation per unit surface area of the heating element (load to control the temperature of the heating element at a constant level) αC: Convective heat transfer coefficient between the heating element and the environment Ts: Temperature of the heating element (constant value) Ta: Temperature αr: Radiant heat transfer coefficient between the heating element and the environment Tr: Ambient radiation temperature - The heat balance of the heating element 10 when the environmental temperature and the radiation JJJVXA degree are equal is as follows. Become.

Q'-(αc+αr)x (Ts-Ta)
・−−==(2) Here, in the block diagram shown in FIG. 4, the porous 9... is provided near the cover 13 and supplies the heat generating element 10 from the output of the air temperature sensor 22 that detects the ambient air temperature. The prediction means 16 predicts the electric power supplied to the heating element 10 by calculating the relationship between the output of the temperature sensor 22 and the electric power supplied to the heating element 10 using the airflow shown in FIG. , an airflow input section 24 that inputs the value of the airflow, and a temperature input section 23 that inputs the output of the temperature sensor 22;
It consists of an output section 26 that retrieves and outputs predicted values from the storage section 25 based on the outputs from the input sections 23 and 24, and outputs the air flow value input to the air flow input section 24 by the air volume setting of the air conditioner, and the air temperature input section. From the output of the temperature sensor 22 inputted to the output section 23, the predicted value σ of the electric power J supplied to the heating element 10 stored in the storage section 25 is calculated at the output section 26.
Output.

Next, in the calculation unit 16, the output Q' from the prediction means 21 is
and the electric power Q supplied to the heating element 10 to calculate the influence of radiant temperature on the human body.

That is, from equation (1) - equation (2), Q-Q'-a r (T a -Tr ) -...13
) 10h・ , making it possible to accurately detect the effects of radiation on the human body.

Effects of the Invention According to the thermal detection device of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

Two elements, a heating element and a temperature sensor, combine the three elements of temperature, airflow, and width of the wound to create a comprehensive effect on the human body's thermal sensation.
It is possible to detect the influence of radiant temperature, and based on this information, it is possible to monitor the thermal state of the environment and optimally control air conditioning equipment.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a thermal detection device showing an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing the configuration of a heating element and a hollow body of the device, and Fig. 3 is a control means of the device. 4 is a block diagram showing the prediction means of the device,
FIG. 5 is a characteristic diagram showing the memory contents of the prediction means of the device;
FIG. 6 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing the structure of a sensing body of a conventional thermal sensing device. 10...Heating element, 12...Hollow body, 131
1. Porous cover 14... Heat insulation part, 15...
・Control means, 16...Calculating unit, 21...
- Prediction means, 22...Temperature sensor. Name of agent: Patent attorney Toshio Nakao

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A hollow body having an opening and having an inner surface that has good reflectivity for light and heat; a heat insulating part made of a material with good heat insulation provided so as to cover the outer periphery of the hollow body; a porous cover provided therein; a heating element made of a substance whose electrical resistance changes depending on its own temperature provided inside the hollow body; an air temperature sensor that detects ambient temperature; and a control means that maintains the heating element at a set temperature. a prediction means for predicting the electric power supplied to the heating element from the output of the temperature sensor; and a prediction means for predicting the electric power supplied to the heating element from the output of the temperature sensor, and comparing the output from the prediction means and the electric power supplied to the heating element to estimate the effect of radiant temperature on the human body. A thermal detection device consisting of a calculation section that performs calculations. (2) The prediction means includes a storage section that stores the relationship between the output of the temperature sensor and the power supplied to the heating element using the airflow as a parameter, an airflow input section that inputs the value of the airflow, and the output of the temperature sensor. 2. The temperature detection device according to claim 1, comprising a temperature input section for inputting the temperature, and an output section for extracting and outputting the predicted value from the storage section based on the output from the input section.