JPH0195987A - Structure of frame connecting section of bicycles - Google Patents
Structure of frame connecting section of bicyclesInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0195987A JPH0195987A JP25508187A JP25508187A JPH0195987A JP H0195987 A JPH0195987 A JP H0195987A JP 25508187 A JP25508187 A JP 25508187A JP 25508187 A JP25508187 A JP 25508187A JP H0195987 A JPH0195987 A JP H0195987A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- lug
- pipe
- collar
- adhesive
- light metal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical group [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001234 light alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004918 carbon fiber reinforced polymer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920006332 epoxy adhesive Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002430 Fibre-reinforced plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011151 fibre-reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Motorcycle And Bicycle Frame (AREA)
- Automatic Cycles, And Cycles In General (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〈産業上の利用分野〉
本発明は、自転車のフレーム及びこれに類する物品に最
適な接続部の構造に関するものであり、更に詳しくはア
ルミやマグネシュウム等の軽金属又は軽金属合金製のラ
ッグとカーボンファイバーを主体とし・たＦＲＰ製のパ
イプを接着剤で接着した自転車類フレーム接続部の構造
に関するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to the structure of a connection part that is optimal for bicycle frames and similar articles, and more specifically relates to the structure of a connection part that is optimal for bicycle frames and similar articles, and more specifically, for connection parts made of light metals or light metal alloys such as aluminum or magnesium. This relates to the structure of a bicycle frame connection part in which a manufactured lug and an FRP pipe mainly made of carbon fiber are bonded with adhesive.
尚、ＦＲＰとは繊維強化プラスチックのことを指すもの
である。Note that FRP refers to fiber reinforced plastic.
〈従来の技術〉
ツーリングやレース用に使用される自転車は、人間とい
う限られた動力にて動かすものであるため、自転車の重
量を極限にまで落とす必要がある。<Prior Art> Bicycles used for touring and racing are powered by limited human power, so it is necessary to reduce the weight of the bicycle to the utmost.
そこで近年の自転車は、ブラケット類には重量が軽く粘
りのある軽金属を使用し、フレームとなるパイプ類には
カーボンファイバーを主体としたＦＲＰを使用し、互い
に構造用熱硬化性樹脂で接着するという構造のものが開
発されてきた。Therefore, in recent years, bicycles use lightweight and sticky light metals for the brackets, and FRP mainly made of carbon fiber for the frame pipes, which are bonded together with structural thermosetting resin. structures have been developed.
そして通常その接着方法は、二液性常温硬化型接着剤を
用いている。The bonding method usually uses a two-component room-temperature curing adhesive.
〈発明が解決しようとする問題点〉
しかし、エポキシ樹脂、ポリウレタン樹脂のような二液
性常温硬化型接着剤は、接着する直前に硬化モル比の計
量と、確実な混合をしなければならないものである。<Problems to be solved by the invention> However, two-component room-temperature curing adhesives such as epoxy resins and polyurethane resins require measurement of the curing molar ratio and reliable mixing immediately before bonding. It is.
しかし実作、業においては、混合不足、圧力不足、気泡
の混入等の要因により、接着力の安定性に欠は重大な事
故を起こす恐れが有った。However, in actual production, there is a risk of serious accidents due to lack of adhesive strength due to factors such as insufficient mixing, insufficient pressure, and inclusion of air bubbles.
作業性、接着力、接着安定性を考えた場合、−液性熱硬
化型接着剤が最も優れている。When considering workability, adhesive strength, and adhesive stability, -liquid thermosetting adhesives are the best.
−液性熱硬化型接着剤は、通常約１２０℃前後に加熱し
、約−時間前後で硬化する樹脂である。- A liquid thermosetting adhesive is a resin that is usually heated to about 120°C and hardens in about - hours.
ところが、この熱硬化型接着剤を単に用いると、軽金属
又は軽金属合金製のラッグとカーボンファイバーを主体
としたＦＲＰ製のパイプは高温雰囲気中で互いに膨張し
た状態で接着接合される。However, when this thermosetting adhesive is simply used, a light metal or light metal alloy lug and an FRP pipe mainly made of carbon fiber are adhesively bonded to each other in an expanded state in a high-temperature atmosphere.
軽金属又は軽金属合金製のラッグとカーボンファイバー
を主体としたＦＲＰ製（以降ＣＦＲＰ製と呼ぶ）のパイ
プは、線膨張率が異なるため、接着硬化後宮温域で使用
すると接着剤内部に熱応力と呼ばれる残留応力が発生し
接着力を低下させるという問題が有った。Lugs made of light metals or light metal alloys and pipes made of FRP (hereinafter referred to as CFRP) mainly made of carbon fiber have different coefficients of linear expansion, so if they are used in the temperature range after the adhesive has hardened, thermal stress may occur inside the adhesive. There was a problem in that residual stress was generated and the adhesive strength was reduced.
各材料の一線膨張係数及び従来の構造による接着力は次
の通りである。The coefficient of linear expansion of each material and the adhesive force according to the conventional structure are as follows.
イ）線膨張率
アルミ ２３，７ Ｘｌ０−”マグネ
シユウム ２４，５ Ｘ ｌ（Ｉ”カーボンフ
ァイバー １〜４Ｘ１Ｇ−’口）接着力
■ 外径２７ミリのアルミ管と内径２７ミリのアルミ管
を接着した場合（接着面の長さ４０ミリ）３２〜３８．
４トン （Ｎ＝１５）
アルミ材質はＪＩＳ７０００系、表面処理硫酸エツチン
グのものを使用
■ 外径２７ミリのアルミ管と内径２７ミリのＣＦＲＰ
製のパイプを接着した場合（接着面の長さ４０ミリ）
３．６〜８．０トン （Ｎ＝１５）
ＣＦＲＰの材質は高強度系エポキシマトリクス、接合面
繊維４５°方向のものを使用これらは、いずれも接着剤
の凝縮破壊であり、接着不良による表面剥離が発生した
ものではなく、両者の接着力の差は接着剤内部の熱応力
と呼ばれる残留応力の差と推察される。B) Coefficient of linear expansion Aluminum 23.7 Xl0-" Magnesium 24.5 Case (adhesive surface length 40mm) 32-38.
4 tons (N=15) The aluminum material used is JIS 7000 series, surface treated with sulfuric acid etching■ Aluminum tube with an outer diameter of 27 mm and CFRP with an inner diameter of 27 mm
(Length of bonded surface: 40 mm) 3.6 to 8.0 tons (N=15) The CFRP material is a high-strength epoxy matrix, and the fibers of the bonded surface are oriented at a 45° angle. Both of these are condensation failure of the adhesive, not surface peeling due to poor adhesion, and the difference in adhesive strength between the two is presumed to be due to the difference in residual stress called thermal stress inside the adhesive.
〈発明が解決しようとする問題点〉
そこで、本発明は従来の欠点であった接着力が弱いとい
う問題点を解決した接続部の構造を提供することを目的
とするものである。<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a structure of a connecting portion that solves the conventional drawback of weak adhesive strength.
〈問題点を解決するための手段〉
軽金属製のラッグ（１）とＣＦＲＰ製のパイプ（２）と
の接着面の間に線膨張係数の差の少ない（線膨張率１０
Ｘ １０−“〜１３Ｘ １０−”）の材料のカラー（３
）を介在きせ、互いに接着剤（４）で接着することによ
り問題点を解決した。<Means for solving the problem> There is a small difference in linear expansion coefficient between the bonding surfaces of the light metal lug (1) and the CFRP pipe (2) (linear expansion coefficient 10).
X 10-"~13X 10-") material color (3
) were interposed and bonded to each other with adhesive (4) to solve the problem.
尚、実施例で使用したステンレス鋼の線膨張係数は、１
１，７Ｘ １０−”である。The linear expansion coefficient of the stainless steel used in the examples is 1.
1.7×10-”.
く作 用〉
カラー（３）の線膨張係数は、はぼ軽金属製のラッグ（
１）とＣＦＲＰ製のパイプ（２）との中間であるため、
接着剤（４）の熱応力による歪みが半分になり、従って
接着強度の強い接続部の構造を得られることが出来る。Effect> The linear expansion coefficient of the collar (3) is the same as that of the light metal lug (
Since it is between 1) and CFRP pipe (2),
The distortion of the adhesive (4) due to thermal stress is halved, and therefore a connection structure with strong adhesive strength can be obtained.
〈実 施 例〉
第１図は本発明の一実施例であるラッグとパイプの接続
部の構造を示す要部縦断面図、第２図は第１図の接着前
の状態を示す分解斜視図である。<Embodiment> Fig. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a main part showing the structure of a lug and pipe connection part according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is an exploded perspective view showing the state of Fig. 1 before bonding. It is.
以下に図面を参照して、この考案の好適な実施例を例示
的に詳しく説明する。Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the invention will be described in detail by way of example with reference to the drawings.
ただし、この実施例に記載されている構成部品の寸法、
形状、材質、その相対配置などは、特に特定的な記載が
ないかぎりは、この考案の範囲をそれらのみに限定する
趣旨のものではなく、単なる説明例に過ぎない。However, the dimensions of the components described in this example,
The shape, material, relative arrangement thereof, etc. are merely illustrative examples and are not intended to limit the scope of this invention, unless otherwise specifically stated.
尚、以下の説明文中の上下左右は、説明図中の上下左右
を示すものである。In addition, the up, down, left, and right in the following explanatory text indicate the up, down, left, and right in the explanatory drawings.
第１図は、アルミダイキャスト製のラッグであるヘッド
上ラッグ（１）（以降単にラッグという）と、ＣＦＲＰ
製のパイプである上ペイプ（２）（以降単にパイプとい
う）を接続した例を示したものである。Figure 1 shows the head lug (1), which is an aluminum die-cast lug (hereinafter simply referred to as the lug), and the CFRP lug.
This figure shows an example in which an upper pipe (2) (hereinafter simply referred to as a pipe) is connected.
勿論、ラッグ（１）はアルミ製に限るものではなく、軽
金属または軽金属合金であればよいものである。Of course, the lug (1) is not limited to being made of aluminum, but may be made of a light metal or a light metal alloy.
又、本発明の使用場所も本例に限るものではなく、ハン
ガラッグやシートラッグ等の場所でもよいことは言うま
でもない。Further, the place where the present invention is used is not limited to this example, and it goes without saying that the place where the present invention is used may be a hanger rack, a seat rack, or the like.
第１図・図示の通り、本接続構造は、ラッグ（１）と、
カラー（３）と、パイプ（２）と、熱硬化性接着剤（４
）とにより構成されているものである。As shown in Figure 1, this connection structure consists of a lug (1),
Collar (3), pipe (2), and thermosetting adhesive (4)
).
ラッグ（１）は、第１図・図示左側にパイプ（２）を接
続するための円ｆ！１ 部（ｔｔ）が一体にて成形され
ている。The lug (1) is the circle f! for connecting the pipe (2) on the left side of the diagram in Figure 1. 1 part (tt) is molded in one piece.
該円筒部（１１）の長さ（ｌ、）としては、３０ミリ程
度が適当である
カラー（３）は、ステンレス鋼製の薄板を円筒形にした
ものであり、ラッグ（１）側の端（３１）は折り返して
パイプ（２）の端ｆｆ１（２１）を覆い、使用者がパイ
プ（２）の端部（２１）で怪我をしないようになってい
る。（第２図参照）
カラー（３）の内径は、ラッグ（１）の円筒ｆｆ１（１
１）の外径とほぼ同等であり、ラッグ（１）の円筒部に
かぶせるようになっており、長さ（１，）は４０ミリ程
度、板厚０．３ミリ程度が適当である。The appropriate length (l) of the cylindrical portion (11) is about 30 mm.The collar (3) is made of a thin stainless steel plate shaped into a cylindrical shape, and the end on the lug (1) side (31) is folded back to cover the end ff1 (21) of the pipe (2) to prevent the user from being injured by the end (21) of the pipe (2). (See Figure 2) The inner diameter of the collar (3) is the same as the cylinder ff1 (1) of the lug (1).
It has approximately the same outer diameter as the lug (1), and is designed to be placed over the cylindrical portion of the lug (1), and the appropriate length (1,) is about 40 mm and the plate thickness is about 0.3 mm.
カラー（３）の材料としては、ステンレス鋼が最適であ
るが、線膨張率１０Ｘ １０−ａ〜１３Ｘ １Ｇ−’の
材料より適宜選択すれば良いものであり、例えば圧延薄
鋼板としても良い。Stainless steel is most suitable as the material for the collar (3), but it may be appropriately selected from materials with linear expansion coefficients of 10X 10-a to 13X 1G-', for example, it may be a rolled thin steel plate.
パイプ（２）は、カーボンファイバーを主体としたＦＲ
Ｐ製である。Pipe (2) is FR mainly made of carbon fiber.
It is made by P.
尚、ＦＲＰ材は、その物性を繊維の方向により左右する
異方性を持つ、このため使用時に受ける応力を考慮して
繊維方向を組み合わせたり異種繊維材料を組み合わせ積
石されて使用するのが普通である。Furthermore, FRP material has anisotropy whose physical properties are influenced by the direction of the fibers, so it is common to combine the fiber directions or combine different types of fiber materials in consideration of the stress they receive during use. It is.
接着剤については、各種開発されているが、−液性熱硬
化型のエポキシ系接着剤（４）が適当である。Although various adhesives have been developed, a liquid thermosetting epoxy adhesive (4) is suitable.
接着については、ラッグ（１）の円ｔｔＪ部（１１）と
カラー（３）との隙間、及びカラー（３）とパイプ（２
）との隙間にエポキシ系接着剤（４）を充填して接着す
るものである。Regarding adhesion, the gap between the circle ttJ part (11) of the lug (1) and the collar (3), and the gap between the collar (3) and the pipe (2)
) is filled with epoxy adhesive (4) and bonded.
以上が本発明の接続構造である。The above is the connection structure of the present invention.
本接続構造は、従来の構造に比べ間にカラー（３）とい
う干渉材が挿入されているので、熱応力による歪みが約
半分になり、したがって強度も強くなる。Compared to the conventional structure, this connection structure has an interfering material called a collar (3) inserted between them, so the distortion caused by thermal stress is approximately halved, and therefore the strength is increased.
本実施例による接着力をテストしたところ、２０トン〜
３２トン（Ｎ＝１５）という結果が得られた。When testing the adhesive strength of this example, it was found that 20 tons ~
A result of 32 tons (N=15) was obtained.
これは、従来の構造に対し数倍であり、同種材料同志に
近い強度を持つものが得られた。This is several times higher than the conventional structure, and a structure with strength close to that of similar materials was obtained.
以上の実施例では、自転車を例にとり説明したが、勿論
自転車に限るものではなく、種々のものに応用しても良
いものである。Although the above embodiments have been explained using a bicycle as an example, it is of course not limited to bicycles, and may be applied to various other things.
〈発明の効果〉
以上の実施例のように、本発明の接続部の構造によれば
、従来の欠点であった接続部の強度不足という問題点が
無くなり、軽量でしかも軽金属フレームと同等の自転車
類を提供出来るという効果を有するものであり、その効
果は大きい。<Effects of the Invention> As shown in the above embodiments, the structure of the connection part of the present invention eliminates the problem of lack of strength of the connection part, which was a drawback of the conventional method, and makes it possible to create a bicycle that is lightweight and equivalent to a light metal frame. It has the effect of being able to provide similar products, and its effects are great.
第１図は本発明の一実施例であるラッグとパイプの接続
部の構造を示す要部縦断面図、第２図は第１図の接着前
の状態を示す分解斜視図である。
（１）・・・ラッグ （２）・・・パイプ （３）
・・・カラー（４）・・・工′ポキシ系接着剤FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a main part showing the structure of a connecting portion between a lug and a pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view showing the state of FIG. 1 before bonding. (1)...Lug (2)...Pipe (3)
... Color (4) ... Poxy adhesive
Claims (1)
バーを主体としたＦＲＰ製のパイプを使用した自転車類
フレーム接続部の構造において、ラッグ（１）とパイプ
（２）との接着面の間に線膨張率１０×１０＾−＾６〜
１３×１０＾−＾６の材料のカラー（３）を介在させ、
互いに接着剤（４）で接着させたものであることを特徴
とする自転車類フレーム接続部の構造。 ２）カラー（３）が円筒形をした鋼製の薄板であること
を特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項に記載の自転車類フ
レーム接続部の構造。 ３）鋼がステンレス鋼であることを特徴とする特許請求
の範囲第２項に記載の自転車類フレーム接続部の構造。 ４）接着剤（４）が熱硬化性接着剤であることを特徴と
する特許請求の範囲第１項〜第３項のいずれかに記載の
自転車類フレーム接続部の構造。 ５）軽金属又は軽金属合金がアルミまたはアルミ合金で
あることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項〜第４項の
いずれかに記載の自転車類フレーム接続部の構造。 ６）軽金属又は軽金属合金がマグネシュウムまたはマグ
ネシュウム合金であることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲
第１項〜第４項のいずれかに記載の自転車類フレーム接
続部の構造。[Claims] 1) In the structure of a bicycle frame connection part using a lug made of a light metal or a light metal alloy and a pipe made of FRP mainly made of carbon fiber, the lug (1) and the pipe (2) are bonded together. Linear expansion coefficient between surfaces 10×10^-^6~
Interpose a collar (3) of 13×10^-^6 material,
A structure of a bicycle frame connection part, characterized in that the parts are bonded together with an adhesive (4). 2) The structure of the bicycle frame connection part according to claim 1, wherein the collar (3) is a cylindrical thin steel plate. 3) The structure of the bicycle frame connection part according to claim 2, wherein the steel is stainless steel. 4) The structure of a bicycle frame connection portion according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the adhesive (4) is a thermosetting adhesive. 5) The structure of a bicycle frame connection portion according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the light metal or light metal alloy is aluminum or an aluminum alloy. 6) The structure of a bicycle frame connection part according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the light metal or light metal alloy is magnesium or a magnesium alloy.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25508187A JPH0195987A (en) | 1987-10-08 | 1987-10-08 | Structure of frame connecting section of bicycles |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25508187A JPH0195987A (en) | 1987-10-08 | 1987-10-08 | Structure of frame connecting section of bicycles |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0195987A true JPH0195987A (en) | 1989-04-14 |
Family
ID=17273866
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25508187A Pending JPH0195987A (en) | 1987-10-08 | 1987-10-08 | Structure of frame connecting section of bicycles |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0195987A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107878652A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-04-06 | 中航复材（北京）科技有限公司 | A kind of nonmetallic bicycle frame structure and its manufacture method |
-
1987
- 1987-10-08 JP JP25508187A patent/JPH0195987A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107878652A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-04-06 | 中航复材（北京）科技有限公司 | A kind of nonmetallic bicycle frame structure and its manufacture method |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US20180065313A1 (en) | Method for connecting hollow profiles | |
| GB2370868A (en) | Clamped connection of composite tubular parts used in bicycle frames | |
| US5100162A (en) | Connector for chain stay and seat stay | |
| US6213488B1 (en) | Exposed carbon core bicycle seat post and method of manufacture thereof | |
| JP5004940B2 (en) | Composite member and manufacturing method thereof | |
| JPS61142241A (en) | Tensile compression stay having fiber reinforced synthetic resin pillar | |
| JPH0195987A (en) | Structure of frame connecting section of bicycles | |
| JPS58205730A (en) | Forming method of composite product | |
| JPH018791Y2 (en) | ||
| JP4469864B2 (en) | fishing rod | |
| JPH04255306A (en) | Large pillar and its manufacture | |
| JP3261664B2 (en) | Cross-joining method of fiber reinforced resin composite hollow beams | |
| JPS63230323A (en) | Bonding method of structural member | |
| JPS587781B2 (en) | Sand Germany Chippanel Nokoteihouhou | |
| JPH01150524A (en) | Adhesive joint between fiber-reinforced resin and aluminum or aluminum alloy | |
| JP2597920Y2 (en) | Joint structure of composite pipe and connection joint | |
| Jones | Micromechanics and properties of fiber composites | |
| JPH06257607A (en) | Connection method for fiber reinforced resin pipe | |
| SU988640A1 (en) | Method of assembling fibre-glass ship hull units | |
| JPH08252837A (en) | Method for molding injection molding laminated with flexible reinforcing material | |
| JP3033400U (en) | Thermal insulation bond for construction | |
| JPH0733990Y2 (en) | Bicycle frame pipe joint structure | |
| JPS6175084A (en) | Car body structure of motorcycle | |
| Fernlund | Residual stresses in composite stringers and skin-stringer joints | |
| TWI273064B (en) | Fabrication method and product of frame structure reinforced with composite materials |