JPH0192344A - High strength austenitic heat-resistant steel - Google Patents
High strength austenitic heat-resistant steelInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0192344A JPH0192344A JP25090787A JP25090787A JPH0192344A JP H0192344 A JPH0192344 A JP H0192344A JP 25090787 A JP25090787 A JP 25090787A JP 25090787 A JP25090787 A JP 25090787A JP H0192344 A JPH0192344 A JP H0192344A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- steel
- strength
- austenitic
- stainless steel
- creep rupture
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000252229 Carassius auratus Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002436 steel type Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は発電用ボイラ及び化学プラントの熱交換器、配
管に適用される鋼管材に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a steel pipe material applied to heat exchangers and piping of power generation boilers and chemical plants.
発電用ボイラ及び化学プラン）Ｋは多量のオーステナイ
ト系耐熱鋼が使用されている。従来から使用されている
オーステナイト系耐熱鋼として１８０ｒ−８Ｎｉ系鋼、
１５Ｃ！ｒ １５Ｎｉ系鋼、２０〜２５％０ｒ−
２０〜４０％Ｎｉ系鋼がある。Power generation boiler and chemical plan) K uses a large amount of austenitic heat-resistant steel. 180r-8Ni steel is a conventionally used austenitic heat-resistant steel.
15C! r 15Ni steel, 20-25%0r-
There is 20-40% Ni-based steel.
これらの中で１８ Ｏｒ −８Ｎｉ系鋼はもともと耐食
用として開発された準安定型オーステナイト鋼であシ、
高温強度、特にクリープ破断強度はそれほど高くない。Among these, 18 Or-8Ni steel is a metastable austenitic steel originally developed for corrosion resistance.
High temperature strength, especially creep rupture strength, is not very high.
また、 １５０ｒ −１５Ｎｊ系鋼はオーステナイト
系鋼の中では最も高い強度を有し。Furthermore, 150r-15Nj steel has the highest strength among austenitic steels.
高温高圧下で最も有利に使用できるが、安定オーステナ
イト鋼に保つためにＮｉをＯｒと同量の多量添加する必
要があ！ｌ） 、 １８０ｒ −８Ｎｉ系鋼に比べ高
価となる。さらに２０〜２５％０ｒ−２０〜４０ｚＮｉ
系鋼の場合、高温強度は１５０ｒ １５Ｎｉ系鋼に比
べて劣るが、 １８Ｃ！ｒ −８Ｎｉ系鋼よシも高い
強度を得るためには一般に安定オーステナイト鋼にする
ために２０％Ｏｒの場合、約３０％以上のＮｉを、また
、２５％Ｏｒの場合、約３５％以上のＮｉを添加する必
要があシ、自ずと高価になる。It can be used most advantageously under high temperature and high pressure, but it is necessary to add as much Ni as Or in order to maintain stable austenitic steel! l) It is more expensive than 180r-8Ni steel. Furthermore 20~25%0r-20~40zNi
In the case of 18C! series steel, the high temperature strength is inferior to 150R 15Ni series steel, but 18C! In order to obtain higher strength than r-8Ni steel, it is generally necessary to add about 30% or more Ni in the case of 20% Or, and about 35% or more in the case of 25% Or to make it a stable austenitic steel. It is necessary to add Ni, which naturally becomes expensive.
本発明はオーステナイト鋼の中で最も高温強度が高い１
５０ｒ −１５Ｎｉ系鋼の高温強度、特にクリープ破断
強度を一段と向上させ、さらにＮｉの使用量を少なくし
て１８０ｒ ８ Ｎｉ系鋼に近い材料価格を有する高
強度オーステナイト系耐熱鋼を提供しようとするもので
ある。The present invention has the highest high temperature strength among austenitic steels.
To provide a high-strength austenitic heat-resistant steel that further improves the high-temperature strength, especially the creep rupture strength, of 50r-15Ni-based steel and further reduces the amount of Ni used to have a material price close to that of 180r8Ni-based steel. It is.
Ｃ問題点を解決するための手段〕
そのため本発明は、 ｃ ： ｏ、ｏｓ〜０，２５％
、Ｓｉ：３％以下、 Ｍｕ ： ３％以下、 Ｎｉ ：
８〜１４％、Ｏｒ：１２〜１８％、 Ｍｏ ： １〜
４％、Ｗ：０．５〜８％、■＝０．１５〜０．４％、
Ｎｂ ： ０．２〜１％、 Ｂ ： ０．０００５〜０
．０１％。Means for Solving Problem C] Therefore, the present invention provides: c: o, os ~ 0.25%
, Si: 3% or less, Mu: 3% or less, Ni:
8-14%, Or: 12-18%, Mo: 1-
4%, W: 0.5-8%, ■=0.15-0.4%,
Nb: 0.2-1%, B: 0.0005-0
．． 01%.
Ｎ ： ０．１〜０．８％、 Ｏｕ ： ０．１〜５％
を含み、残部Ｆｅ及び不純物からなシ、安定オーステナ
イト組織を有することを特徴とする高強度オーステナイ
ト系耐熱鋼とした。N: 0.1-0.8%, Ou: 0.1-5%
The high-strength austenitic heat-resistant steel is characterized by having a stable austenitic structure with the remainder being Fe and impurities.
成分範囲の限定理由は次のとおりである。 The reason for limiting the component range is as follows.
ＣはＯｒ、 Ｖ、 Ｎｂと結合して炭化物を形成し。C combines with Or, V, and Nb to form carbide.
それによってクリープ強度を上昇させるが、 Ｏ，ＯＳ
未満では十分な効果がなく、０２５％を越えて添加した
場合、共晶反応によって粗大なＮｂＯが晶出し、クリー
プ強度上昇に寄与しないば°かシか。This increases the creep strength, but O,OS
If it is less than 0.025%, there is no sufficient effect, and if it is added in excess of 0.25%, coarse NbO will crystallize due to a eutectic reaction, which may not contribute to an increase in creep strength.
材料を著しく硬化させ、加工性を損なうので。This will significantly harden the material and impair its workability.
０．０８〜０２５％とした。The content was set at 0.08-025%.
Ｓｉは脱酸剤として使用されるが、３％を越えると脆化
を生じ、また、クリープ破断強度も低下するので３％以
下とした。Si is used as a deoxidizing agent, but if it exceeds 3%, embrittlement occurs and the creep rupture strength also decreases, so the content is set to 3% or less.
Ｍｕはオーステナイトを安定化する元素であシ。Mu is an element that stabilizes austenite.
Ｎｉと同様の効果を有するとともに、不純物元素のＳを
固定して熱間脆性を防止するが、過剰の添加は耐酸化性
を損なうので、３％以下とした。It has the same effect as Ni and fixes the impurity element S to prevent hot embrittlement, but since excessive addition impairs oxidation resistance, it is set at 3% or less.
ＮｉはＯｒとともに本合金の主要成分であシ。Ni is the main component of this alloy along with Or.
Ｃｒ量との関係で基地をオーステナイトに保つために８
％以上が必要である。一方、１４％を越えて添加した場
合９本発明が目的とする１８Ｃｒ−８Ｎｉ鋼に近い安価
な高強度オーステナイト鋼を提供することが困難である
ので、１５％以下とした。8 to keep the base austenite in relation to the Cr content.
% or more is required. On the other hand, if it is added in excess of 14%, it is difficult to provide an inexpensive high-strength austenitic steel similar to the 18Cr-8Ni steel that is the object of the present invention, so it is set at 15% or less.
Ｏｒは高温での耐食性を高める上で、 Ｎｉとともに有
効に作用するが、１２％未満では耐食性が低下し、１８
％を越えるとオーステナイトが不安定になシ、高温使用
中にσ相が析出しやすくなる。Or works effectively with Ni to increase corrosion resistance at high temperatures, but if it is less than 12%, corrosion resistance decreases and 18
%, austenite becomes unstable and σ phase tends to precipitate during high temperature use.
本発明が狙っている安定オーステナイト組織を有する鋼
とするためには、 Ｎｉ添加量を７〜１５％とした場合
、 Ｃｒ量は１８％以下にする必要がある。従って、１
２〜１８％とした。In order to obtain a steel having a stable austenitic structure, which is the aim of the present invention, when the amount of Ni added is 7 to 15%, the amount of Cr needs to be 18% or less. Therefore, 1
It was set at 2 to 18%.
ＭｏおよびＷは主に固溶強化によってクリープ破断強度
を向上させるが、 Ｍｏは１％未満、Ｗは０．５％未満
の添加ではその効果が十分に得られず。Mo and W improve the creep rupture strength mainly through solid solution strengthening, but the effect cannot be sufficiently obtained when Mo is added in an amount less than 1% and W in an amount less than 0.5%.
また、Ｍｏは４％を越えて、Ｗは３％を越えて添加した
場合、耐酸化性を損なうとともに、加工性が悪くなるの
で、 Ｍｏは１〜４％、Ｗは０．５〜３％とした。In addition, if Mo is added in excess of 4% and W in excess of 3%, oxidation resistance will be impaired and workability will deteriorate, so Mo should be added in an amount of 1 to 4% and W should be added in an amount of 0.5 to 3%. And so.
■は炭窒化物を形成して析出強化によってクリープ破断
強度を向上させるが、０．１５％未満ではその効果が十
分ではな（、０，４％を越えて添加した場合には熱間加
工性を劣化させ、高温での脆化をもたらすので、 ０
．１５〜０．４％とした。■ forms carbonitrides and improves creep rupture strength by precipitation strengthening, but if it is less than 0.15%, the effect is not sufficient (and if it is added more than 0.4%, the hot workability 0 as it causes deterioration and embrittlement at high temperatures.
．． The content was set at 15% to 0.4%.
ＮｂはＶと同様に炭窒化物を形成して析出強化によるク
リープ破断強度向上に有効であるが。Like V, Nb forms carbonitrides and is effective in improving creep rupture strength through precipitation strengthening.
０．２％未満ではその効果は十分ではなく、また。If it is less than 0.2%, the effect is not sufficient.
１％を越えて添加した場合には共晶組織として粗大なＮ
ｂＣを形成し、析出強化に十分寄与しないとともに高温
での脆化および溶接性の劣化をまねく。従って、０．２
〜１％とした。When added in excess of 1%, coarse N forms as a eutectic structure.
bC is formed, which does not sufficiently contribute to precipitation strengthening and leads to embrittlement and deterioration of weldability at high temperatures. Therefore, 0.2
~1%.
Ｂは粒界強度を高める元素であシ１本発明のようにＶ、
Ｎｂの炭窒化物で強化された粒内に対抗して粒界強度を
向上させるためには有効である。しかし、 ０．００
０５％未満ではその効果はなく。B is an element that increases grain boundary strength.1 As in the present invention, V,
This is effective for improving grain boundary strength against the inside of grains strengthened by Nb carbonitride. However, 0.00
If it is less than 0.05%, there is no effect.
０．０１％を越えて添加した場合、かえって脆化をまね
く。従って、 ０．０００５〜０．０１％とした。If it is added in excess of 0.01%, it will instead lead to embrittlement. Therefore, it was set at 0.0005 to 0.01%.
Ｎは本合金において重要な元素である。すなわち１本合
金では価格低減のために、従来の１５Ｏｒ −１５Ｎｉ
系鋼に比べ相対的にＮｉ量を低下させているが、ＮはＮ
ｉとともにオーステナイト組織を安定化させる働きをし
、ＣとともにＶ、Ｎｂなどと炭窒化物を形成して析出強
化に寄与する。N is an important element in this alloy. In other words, in order to reduce the cost of one alloy, the conventional 15Or -15Ni
Although the amount of Ni is relatively lower than that of steel, N
Together with i, it functions to stabilize the austenite structure, and together with C, it forms carbonitrides with V, Nb, etc., contributing to precipitation strengthening.
しかし、０．１％未満ではこれらに対して十分な効果が
ないとともに０．３％を越えて添加した場合。However, if it is less than 0.1%, there is no sufficient effect on these, and if it is added in excess of 0.3%.
加工性が低下する。従って、０．１〜０．８％とした。Processability decreases. Therefore, it was set at 0.1 to 0.8%.
Ｃｕはオーステナイトを安定化させる効果があるととも
に、クリープ破断強度を向上させる効果があるが、クリ
ープ破断強度向上の面からは０．１％未満では効果が十
分でなく、５％を越えて添加した場合は熱間加工性を低
下させる。従って、０．１〜５％とした。Cu has the effect of stabilizing austenite and improving creep rupture strength, but in terms of improving creep rupture strength, Cu is not sufficiently effective if it is less than 0.1%, so it was added in excess of 5%. In this case, the hot workability decreases. Therefore, it was set at 0.1 to 5%.
尚、不可避の不純物として含有されるｐ、 ｓ等の元
素は熱間加工性などの材料特性を低下させるために出来
るだけ減少させるのが好ましい。Incidentally, elements such as p and s contained as unavoidable impurities are preferably reduced as much as possible since they deteriorate material properties such as hot workability.
本発明の効果を確認するため９次に示す実施例と比較例
の実験データにつき説明する。In order to confirm the effects of the present invention, experimental data of Examples and Comparative Examples shown below will be explained.
第１表にそれぞれ供試材の化学成分を示す。Table 1 shows the chemical composition of each sample material.
ノ
≦
」
蛎
喝
第１表に示す供試材のうち、Ａ鋼が本発明の曳表的成分
であり、ここには目標成分で示した。Among the test materials shown in Table 1, steel A has the typical composition of the present invention, and is shown here as a target composition.
（分析結果はほぼ目標達成分に近いものであっｔｏ ＞
また、 Ｂ−Ｍ鋼はＡ鋼を基本にし、各金魚元素の効
果をみるために本発明の成分範囲をカバーしながら組成
を変化させた成分系である。(The analysis results are close to achieving the goal.)
Moreover, B-M steel is a composition system based on A steel, with its composition changed while covering the composition range of the present invention in order to examine the effects of each goldfish element.
これに対し、Ｎ−Ｒ鋼は本発明の成分範囲外の比較鋼で
ある。特にＲ鋼は通常１７−１４０ｕ Ｍｏとして市販
されている鋼種であシ、現在、 １５Ｃｒ−１５Ｎｉ
系鋼としては最も高い強度を有している。On the other hand, NR steel is a comparative steel outside the composition range of the present invention. In particular, R steel is a steel type that is usually commercially available as 17-140u Mo, and currently 15Cr-15Ni.
It has the highest strength among steels.
まず、第１図にＡ鋼及びＲ鋼のクリープ破断試験結果を
１７−１４０ｕ Ｍｏ鋼のデータバンドと比較しながら
ラーンンミラーパラメータ（： ＰＬＭ ＝Ｔ Ｘ （
２０＋ｌｏｇ ｔ ）ｓ ここでＴ：絶対温度（０Ｋ）
。First, Fig. 1 compares the creep rupture test results of A steel and R steel with the data band of 17-140u Mo steel, and calculates the learned miller parameter (: PLM =T
20+log t )s where T: absolute temperature (0K)
.
ｔ、破断時間（ｈ）〕と破破断力との関係を示す。t, rupture time (h)] and the rupture force.
これから分るようにＲ鋼は１７−１４０ｕ Ｍｏ鋼のデ
ータバンド内にあるが１本発明のＡ鋼はこれらに比べて
格段に高いクリープ破断強度を有して−ることが分る。As can be seen, the R steel is within the data band of 17-140u Mo steel, but the A steel of the present invention has a much higher creep rupture strength than these.
また９本発明鋼の中でＮｉが下限の８％のに鋼とＣｒ量
が上限のＬ鋼とは１７−１４ Ｃｕ Ｍｏのデータバン
ド内の強度を有していだが９本発明の成分範囲に対して
、それぞれ歯およびＯｒが外れだＮ′ＡおよびＯ鋼は１
７−１４０ｕ Ｍｏのデータバンドよりも低い強度を示
しだ。In addition, among the nine invention steels, the steel with Ni at the lower limit of 8% and the L steel with the upper limit of Cr content have strengths within the data band of 17-14 Cu Mo, but nine are within the composition range of the invention. On the other hand, the N'A and O steels, whose teeth and Or have come off, are 1
It shows a lower intensity than the 7-140u Mo data band.
次に各合金元素の添加量とクリープ破断強度（７００°
ＣＸ１０４ｈ強度をラーソンミラーパラメータを使って
外挿）を比較して第２図乃至第９図に示す。このような
結果から判断して、既存鋼である１７−１４ Ｃ！ｕ
Ｍｏと同等以上の強度を有するための成分範囲として上
述が決定された。Next, the amount of each alloying element added and the creep rupture strength (700°
A comparison of CX104h intensities (extrapolated using Larson-Miller parameters) is shown in FIGS. 2 to 9. Judging from these results, the existing steel 17-14C! u
The above-mentioned range of components was determined to have a strength equal to or higher than that of Mo.
なお、添加量が上述の成分範囲よシも多く添加されても
なお、十分なりリープ破断強度を有するものも、Ｍｏ、
Ｗ、Ｎｂ、Ｂ、Ｏなどのようにみられたが、これらは夫
々成分範囲決定理由として述べたように、他の材料特性
に悪影響を及ぼすと判断されたので上述のような上限を
決めた。In addition, even if the amount added is larger than the above-mentioned range of ingredients, there are still some that still have a sufficient leap rupture strength, such as Mo,
W, Nb, B, O, etc. were found, but as stated in the reason for determining the component range, each of these was judged to have a negative effect on other material properties, so the upper limit was set as above. .
本発明によって、オーステナイトａの中で最も高温強度
の高い１５０ｒ １５Ｎｉ系鋼の高温強度。According to the present invention, the high temperature strength of 150R 15Ni series steel, which has the highest high temperature strength among austenite a.
特にクリープ破断強度を一段と向上させ、更にＮｉ使用
量を少なくして、 １８Ｃｒ−８Ｎｉ系鋼に近い材料
価格を有する高強度オーステナイト系耐熱鋼を得ること
が出来た。In particular, by further improving the creep rupture strength and further reducing the amount of Ni used, it was possible to obtain a high-strength austenitic heat-resistant steel having a material price close to that of 18Cr-8Ni steel.
第１図は本発明材（Ａ鋼）及び比較材（ＲＭ）のクリー
プ破断試験結果のグラフ、第２図乃至第９図は各合金元
素の添加量とクリープ破断値Ｆ）Ｌ／−７りＴ（２０寸
勺しり
第１呂
請３局
謔ｑ図Figure 1 is a graph of the creep rupture test results of the present invention material (Steel A) and comparative material (RM), and Figures 2 to 9 show the amount of each alloying element added and the creep rupture value F) L/-7. T
Claims (1)
以下、Ｍｕ：３％以下、Ｎｉ：８〜１４％、Ｃｒ：１２
〜１８％、Ｍｏ：１〜４％、Ｗ：０．５〜３％、Ｖ：０
．１５〜０．４％、Ｎｂ：０．２〜１％、Ｂ：０．００
０５〜０．０１％、Ｎ：０．１〜０．３％、Ｃｕ：０．
１〜５％を含み、残部Ｆｅ及び不純物からなり、安定オ
ーステナイト組織を有することを特徴とする高強度オー
ステナイト系耐熱鋼。C: 0.08 to 0.25% by weight (hereinafter referred to as %), Si: 3%
Below, Mu: 3% or less, Ni: 8 to 14%, Cr: 12
~18%, Mo: 1-4%, W: 0.5-3%, V: 0
．． 15-0.4%, Nb: 0.2-1%, B: 0.00
05-0.01%, N: 0.1-0.3%, Cu: 0.
A high-strength austenitic heat-resistant steel characterized by containing 1 to 5% of Fe, the balance being Fe and impurities, and having a stable austenitic structure.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25090787A JPH0192344A (en) | 1987-10-05 | 1987-10-05 | High strength austenitic heat-resistant steel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25090787A JPH0192344A (en) | 1987-10-05 | 1987-10-05 | High strength austenitic heat-resistant steel |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0192344A true JPH0192344A (en) | 1989-04-11 |
Family
ID=17214798
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25090787A Pending JPH0192344A (en) | 1987-10-05 | 1987-10-05 | High strength austenitic heat-resistant steel |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0192344A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105177404A (en) * | 2015-09-10 | 2015-12-23 | 宁国市开源电力耐磨材料有限公司 | High anti-wear micro-copper alloy cast ball and processing technique thereof |
| JP2017014575A (en) * | 2015-07-01 | 2017-01-19 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | Austenitic heat resistant alloy and weldment structure |
-
1987
- 1987-10-05 JP JP25090787A patent/JPH0192344A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2017014575A (en) * | 2015-07-01 | 2017-01-19 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | Austenitic heat resistant alloy and weldment structure |
| CN105177404A (en) * | 2015-09-10 | 2015-12-23 | 宁国市开源电力耐磨材料有限公司 | High anti-wear micro-copper alloy cast ball and processing technique thereof |
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