JPH0158802B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a sunlight-utilizing lighting device that guides sunlight into a building and uses it for illumination, and particularly relates to a sunlight-utilizing lighting device that can use both sunlight and artificial light.

Skylights and the like are used to guide sunlight into buildings from the perspective of energy conservation, but they cannot be applied to floors other than the top floors of buildings.

Furthermore, even if it is possible to simply guide sunlight into a building, the amount of sunlight is unstable and an auxiliary lighting device is required. The conventional structure of installing lighting fixtures by wiring the lights to the ceiling for this auxiliary lighting is complicated to use in combination with a solar light introduction device, and the energy-saving effect, which is one of the original purposes of using sunlight, is halved.

Taking these circumstances into consideration, the present invention allows sunlight to freely enter the interior of a building, uses artificial light as an auxiliary light source, eliminates the need for ceiling light wiring as auxiliary illumination, and moreover eliminates the heat generated from artificial light. The purpose is to obtain a solar lighting device that can be recovered.

The sunlight-utilizing lighting device according to the present invention guides sunlight collected by a concentrator into a building using a bundled first optical fiber and diffuses it indoors using a diffuser,
The auxiliary artificial light is sent from the supply device to the diffuser via a second optical fiber to use both sunlight and artificial light, and the other end of the artificial light supply device is a waste heat recovery water heat exchanger. Heat is recovered by an exhaust heat recovery device connected to the section.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

In FIG. 1, a light condensing device 12 is installed on the roof of a building 10. In this condensing device 12, a movable frame 16 rotates around a vertical axis (in the solar azimuth direction) with respect to a fixed base 14 fixed to a building 10.
Further, a movable frame 17 is supported by this movable frame 16 and can rotate around a horizontal axis (in the solar altitude direction).

A plurality of condensing units 18, shown in detail in FIG. 2, are attached to the distal end of the movable frame 17. This condensing unit has a large number of condensing lenses 20 (using convex lenses, Fresnel lenses, etc.) on one side of a box made of lightweight metal or plastic.
are fixed to each other with their optical axes parallel to each other.

The branch terminals of the bundle optical fibers 24 for condensing are attached to the condensing apex of the condensing lens, and the light input end faces thereof are aligned with the optical axis of the condensing lens 20 . The other end of the bundled optical fiber 24 for condensing light is connected to a bundled optical fiber cable 28 as a condensing and conveying path via an optical fiber connector 26 as required.

The concentrating device 12 is therefore designed to condense sunlight and send it to the bundled fiber optic cable 28.

Note that the fixed base 14 and the movable frame 16 are equipped with movable frame drive devices 30, 3 such as step motors.
1 are provided respectively, and the condensing lens is always made to follow the movement of the sun by a detection signal from the sun position sensor 32 or by a command from a storage device 34 that stores the movement trajectory of the sun in advance.

The bundled optical fiber cable 28 is mainly one that is suitable for transmitting optical power in consideration of securing illuminance inside the building, that is, one that is suitable for transmitting light with a wavelength of 380 to 760 μm. It is preferable to use a bundle of optical fibers with good transparency.

This bundled optical fiber cable 28 has an optical connector 26 interposed in the middle as necessary, and the tip branches at each floor within the building 10.
It is guided into a supply device 36 provided for each layer. This supply device 36 has an iron box body 37.
(FIG. 3) is provided, and a branched bundle optical fiber cable 28 is connected to the first light input section 38 inside this box 37. In this first light input section 38, the end of the optical fiber is connected to the apex of the conical reflective panel 40, and the lens 42 is connected to the conical bottom, respectively, on the same optical axis. The light is sent to one end of the optical path 44 as a signal.

The other end of the optical path 44 is a first light output section 46 inside the box body 37.
is connected to the first light emitting section 46.
is opposed to the first light incident section 38. This first light output section 46 is provided with a condensing lens 48 and a conical reflection panel 49 on the same optical axis as the lens 42, and one end of each optical fiber of the bundled optical fiber cable 50 is placed at the focal point of the condensing lens 48. Compatible. Therefore, the first light output section 46 transfers the natural light from the first light input section 38 to the bundle optical fiber cable 50. The bundle optical fiber cable 50 is preferably made of the same material as the bundle optical fiber cable 28.

This supply device 36 is provided with a second light input section 52 in addition to the first light input section 38 , and corresponds to the second light output section 146 via an optical path 144 . The second light entrance section 52 has a conical reflective panel 40 and a lens 42 like the first light entrance section 38, but the focal point of the lens 42, that is, the conical top of the reflective panel 40, is equipped with a halogen lamp or the like. A high-intensity lamp 54 is provided. This lamp 54 is connected to a distribution board 60 via a switch 58 in a switch circuit 56, and the distribution board 60 is configured to receive power from an electrical room (not shown).

The second light emitting section 146 is provided with a condensing lens 48 and a conical reflection panel 49 similarly to the first light emitting section 46, and one end of each optical fiber of the bundle optical fiber cable 51 corresponds to the focal point of the condensing lens 48. . Therefore, in the second light output section 146, the second light input section 52
When the switch 58 is closed, artificial light from the fiber optic cable 51 is transferred to the bundle optical fiber cable 51. This bundle optical fiber cable 51 is 5
It is preferable that it is made of the same material as No. 2.

Note that the switch circuit 56 connects the operation panel 66 to the building 1.
By providing the lamp 54 on the side wall 68 facing into the room, the luminous intensity of the lamp 54 can be manually adjusted. In addition, a light amount sensor is provided in the light output portions 46, 146, etc., so that the total light amount of sunlight from the first light input portion 38 and artificial light from the second light input portion 52 is always constant.
Alternatively, a control device may be provided that automatically adjusts the light intensity of the lamp 54 to a desired light intensity.

First and second light incident parts 38 and 52 in the supply device 36
It is preferable that the optical paths 44 and 144 be in a vacuum state to reduce optical loss. Moreover, in the optical path 44,
A shielding plate can be provided to block light transmission to the light output section 46 when necessary.

As shown in FIG. 3, a heat insulating material 136 and aluminum foil 137 are attached to the inside of the box 37 to provide a heat insulating structure inside and outside the box. An air supply port 138 is provided at the bottom of the box 37 so that cold air can be sent into the box 37. This air supply port 138 can also communicate with a ventilation duct of an air conditioning system in the building.

On the other hand, an exhaust passage 140 is provided in the upper part of the box body 37 for discharging heat generated by the lamp 54, which is an artificial light source inside the box body. This exhaust passage 1
40 is the fin coil 14 of the exhaust heat recovery device 142.
4 (the middle part is surrounded by a heat insulating material) is compatible. That is, the fine coil 144 communicates and circulates from the exhaust passage 140 to the water heat exchange section 146, and has heat exchange sections at both ends, and a hot water circulation pump 148 is provided in the middle section. Therefore, the hot water in the fine coil 144 is circulated through the circulation pump 14.
8, the air exchanges heat with the warm air discharged from the box body through the exhaust passage 140 of the box body 37, becomes high temperature, is sent to the water heat exchange section 146, and is heat exchanged with hot water 150 for hot water supply. The temperature of this hot water 150 for hot water supply is raised. Hot water 150 for hot water supply is sent through piping 152 from a water supply source (not shown), reaches a water heat exchange section 146, contacts a fin coil 144 and exchanges heat, and then reaches a hot water supply section (not shown) via piping 154. . It goes without saying that this hot water 150 for hot water supply can be used for heating purposes other than hot water supply.

Further, pipes 156 and 158 are connected to intermediate portions of the pipes 152 and 154, respectively, via valves (not shown). These pipes 156, 158 are connected to a generator 162 of an absorption refrigerator 160. This absorption chiller 160 is a general absorption chiller that has a condenser, an evaporator, and an absorber in addition to a generator, and the frozen gas evaporated in the evaporator is guided to the absorber. It is absorbed and dissolved in a dilute solution to become a concentrated solution. This concentrated solution is sent to the generator by a pump, and the gas is heated by hot water from piping 158 and separated, becoming a high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant gas, cooled by a condenser, evaporated through an expansion valve, and absorbs heat from the outside. It's getting old.

The hot water from piping 158 provides heat to generator 162 of absorption chiller 160, and then passes through piping 156, 15.
2 to return to the water heat exchanger 146.

Note that when the temperature of the hot water from the pipe 158 is low, the heat is discharged to the outside by the fan 164 without operating the absorption refrigerator 160.

As shown in FIG. 4, the other end of the bundled optical fiber cable 50 branches at the ceiling of the building and is connected to a light diffuser 74 via an optical connector 72 provided as necessary. . In this light diffuser 74, a light diffusing plate 78 having good light transmittance is fixed to a case 76 which is open at the lower end to cover the lower end opening.
Fixed to 0.

A bundle optical fiber 82 is connected to the optical connector 72 that is attached to the upper end of the case 76 as necessary, and the bundle optical fiber cables 50, 5 are connected to each other.
The tip of this optical fiber cable 82 receives light from the optical fiber 82.
It branches into A and is dispersed over almost the entire area of the light diffusing plate 78,
It is attached to the light diffusing plate 78. Therefore, the light diffusing plate 78 can widely disperse the light from the optical fiber cable 82 into the room.

The installation of such a light diffuser 74 is completed by simply connecting the optical connector 72 to the bundled optical fiber cable 50 and attaching it to the ceiling 80, so it can be installed in the same way as attaching a conventional ceiling panel to the ceiling, reducing the construction time. The time is shortened, and there is no need to run electric light wiring to the ceiling, improving maintainability and explosion-proofness. Additionally, conventional lighting fixtures are no longer required, making it possible to reduce the weight of the ceiling.

In this embodiment having the above configuration, the amount of natural sunlight obtained by the condensing device 12 is sufficient during clear weather during the day, and auxiliary light from the lamp 54 of the supply device 36 is not necessary. The sunlight is the driving device 30,3
1 allows the moving frames 16 and 17 to follow the movement of the sun, so that the light is appropriately focused, and is sent to the light diffuser 74 via the bundled fiber optic cable 28, the supply device 36, and the bundled fiber optic cable 50, and is sufficiently focused. Since indoor illuminance can be obtained, energy savings can be achieved without the need for artificial light. If it is necessary to darken the room during the daytime, supply device 3
A shielding plate may be interposed in the optical path 44 in 6.
Furthermore, sunlight can also be blocked by shifting the optical axes of the first light input section 38 and the first light output section 46 from each other.

If you want to provide sufficient brightness indoors even on cloudy days, rainy days, or during open hours, the lamp 54 is turned on automatically by manual operation of the operation panel 66 or by operation of a control device (not shown), and the second lamp 54 is turned on. Artificial light from the light input section 52 reaches the light diffuser 74 alone or together with natural light from the bundled optical fiber cable 50 via the bundled optical fiber cable 51 to illuminate the room.

Heat generated by the lamp 54 and the like within the supply device 36 is exhausted through an exhaust passage 140, and the heat generated by the fin coil 14 provided in this exhaust passage 140
4 effectively transmits the exhaust heat of the supply device 36 to the water heat exchange section 146, so that the exhaust heat is recovered into hot water 150 and can be used for hot water supply, heating, or cooling.

Next, FIG. 5 shows a supply device 136 according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

In this embodiment, the box body 37 and the water heat exchange section 146 are connected by a plurality of heat pipes 166 to constitute an exhaust heat recovery device. These heat pipes 1
66 has a heat medium sealed therein, and the heat medium that absorbs heat in the exhaust passage 140 evaporates and reaches the water heat exchange part 146 in the pipe, and the hot water 150
It exchanges heat with the gas, condenses, becomes a liquid, flows inside the wick, and reaches the exhaust passage 140 again. Note that the heat pipe 16 in the water heat exchange section 146
6 has multiple fins 1 to improve thermal efficiency.
68 are provided.

Therefore, also in this second embodiment, the supply device 36
can send concentrated natural light to the diffuser 74 and can send artificial light from the lamp 54 to the diffuser 74 as needed. Further, as in the embodiment described above, the heat generated by the supply device 36 can be recovered by the heat pipe 166 to raise the temperature of the hot water 150, and can be used for hot water supply, heating, cooling, etc.

The supply device 136 used in this second embodiment is
It is also possible to combine the exhaust heat recovery device using the Finned coil of the embodiment, or to combine the exhaust heat recovery device using the heat pipe of the second embodiment with the supply device 36 of the first embodiment.

Referring next to FIG. 6, a third embodiment of the present invention is shown in which a light duct 86 is used from the light collection device 112 to the supply device 36 to form a light collection and transport path.
In the light duct 86, mirrors 90 are arranged at each bent portion of a hollow duct body 88, so that the condensed light is transported inside the light duct 86.

One end 88A of this duct body 88 is connected to the building 10.
The other end is guided into the building 10, and a plurality of spectroscopic mirrors 92 are provided in the middle corresponding to each floor of the building.
is adapted to branch a part of the condensed light and send it to the supply device 36 of each layer. The spectroscopic light produced by the spectroscopic mirror 92 is sent to the first light input section 38 directly or via a bundle optical fiber 94.

Further, in the concentrating device 112 of this embodiment, sunlight is sent to a mirror 100 via condensing lenses 96 and 98, and this mirror 100 reflects the sunlight and sends it to one end 88A of the duct body 88. There is.
The condensing lenses 96 and 98 are driven and controlled around the vertical and horizontal axes to always follow the movement of the sun, as in the first embodiment, and the mirror 100 also moves in accordance with this movement. The condensed light from 98 is always sent to one end 88A of the duct body 88.

Therefore, in this embodiment as well, sunlight is efficiently sent to the supply device 36, and indoor lighting can be provided together with auxiliary lighting if necessary. In this way, in the present invention, part of the optical fiber can be replaced with an optical duct if necessary.

Next, FIG. 7 shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention, in which the light condensing device 112 of the third embodiment is used,
The reflected light from the mirror 100 is collected by a condensing unit 18 similar to that of the first embodiment, and sent to a supply device by a bundled optical fiber cable 28. However, in this embodiment, the condenser unit 18 is fixed at a predetermined height from the roof of the building 10, and the condenser lens 20 is disposed downward and faces the mirror 100.

Therefore, in this embodiment as well, the mirror 100 of the light collecting device 112 tilts to follow the moving sunlight and always sends the reflected light to the light collecting unit 18, so the optical fiber cable 28 efficiently supplies natural light to the device. Can be sent. In particular, in this embodiment, since the condenser unit 18 is fixed to the building, the optical fiber cable 28 does not move, resulting in excellent durability and less dust adhesion to the condenser lens 20.

Next, FIGS. 8 and 9 show a fifth embodiment of the present invention,
It is another example of a light condensing device. In this embodiment, a large number of condensing units 118 are stacked to form a railing for a balcony of an apartment complex. In addition, it is also possible to install a large number of them on the exterior walls of houses, rooftops, etc.

As shown in FIG. 9, the condensing unit 118 has a large number of condensing lenses 20 (using convex lenses, Fresnel lenses, etc.) fixed to the outer surface of a block 120 made of glass or lightweight concrete with their optical axes parallel to each other. The back surface of each condensing lens 20 is a conical vacuum transmission chamber 122, and the branch end of the condensing bundle optical fiber 24 is attached to the top of the cone, so that the light input end surface is aligned with the optical axis of the condensing lens 20. We are doing so. The other end of the light collecting bundle optical fiber 24 is connected to a supply device via a bundle optical fiber cable 28, as in the first embodiment.

Therefore, the condensing unit of this embodiment can be used as a part of a building, and since it is a fixed type, maintenance is easy.

Although each of the above embodiments shows a structure in which the solar light concentrator follows the moving sun and a structure in which it is fixed to a building, semi-fixed concentrators that can be moved as necessary are also applicable. The light condensing device is not limited to being installed outside a building, but can also be installed inside a building where sunlight can be collected.

Although a high-intensity lamp is used as the artificial light in the above embodiment, other artificial light sources can also be used, and an artificial light source that accumulates sunlight into energy other than light and then converts it back into light energy can also be used. .

Furthermore, although the light diffuser of the above embodiment has a structure that is attached to an indoor ceiling wall, it can also be attached to other walls such as a side wall, and in some cases, it can also be used as a stand type that can be installed indoors. be.

Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the optical fiber between the light condensing device and the light diffuser is placed in the supply device 36, and the light input section 38 and the light output section 46 are provided in the middle part. It is possible to have a continuous structure from the light condensing device to the light diffuser, and furthermore, it may be arranged so that the light does not pass through the supply device 36.

It goes without saying that high-temperature water can be obtained by arranging the water heat exchangers, fine coils, and heat pipes of the first and second embodiments in multiple stages.

As explained above, the sunlight-utilizing lighting device according to the present invention uses the first bundle optical fiber cable to transmit natural light from the condensing device, and the artificial light from the artificial light source to the building by using the supply device and the second bundle optical fiber cable. Because it sends sunlight to the diffuser, it is possible to effectively utilize sunlight and obtain an energy saving effect, and even though artificial light is used as supplementary lighting, there is no need to place electric lights on the ceiling. Since the generated heat is recovered, it has an excellent effect of improving thermal efficiency and further increasing the energy saving effect.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a first embodiment of a solar lighting lighting device according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a condensing unit, and Fig. 3 is a supply device, an exhaust heat recovery device, and related parts thereof. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing how the diffuser is attached to the ceiling wall; FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the supply device according to the second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a light concentrating device and a light duct according to a third embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 7 is a side view showing a light concentrating device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a light condensing device according to a fifth embodiment of the invention, and FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing the light condensing unit used in FIG. 8. 10...Building, 12,112...Light collecting device, 28
...Bundle optical fiber cable, 36,136...
Supply device, 38...first light input section, 46...light output section, 1
46... Second light output section, 50, 51... Bundle optical fiber cable, 52... Second light input section, 54... Lamp, 58... Switch, 74... Light diffuser, 80... Ceiling wall, 86... Light duct, 140... Exhaust passage, 14
2...Exhaust heat recovery device, 144...Fincoil, 14
6... Water heat exchange section, 166... Heat pipe.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A light concentrator attached to a building to collect sunlight, a bundled first optical fiber for transporting the collected light from the light concentrator, and a first optical fiber installed in the building. a diffuser to which an end of the first optical fiber is connected to diffuse the transferred light; a supply device for transmitting artificial light to the diffuser using a bundled second optical fiber; A solar lighting system comprising an exhaust heat recovery device whose other end is connected to the exhaust heat recovery water heat exchange section to recover the exhaust heat of the supply device. 2. The sunlight-based lighting according to claim 1, wherein the supply device is provided with a box that accommodates an artificial light source and an end of a second optical fiber corresponding to the artificial light source. Device. 3. Solar power utilization according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a heat exchange section is provided in the exhaust passage of the box body and the recovered waste heat is sent to the water heat exchange section. lighting equipment. 4. Claim 3, wherein the exhaust heat recovery device is a fin-coil heat exchanger.
The solar lighting device described in 2. 5. Claim 3, wherein the exhaust heat recovery device is a heat pipe type heat exchanger.
The solar lighting device described in 2.