JPH0158290B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for constructing tiles made of ceramic or the like used as the outer walls of buildings, and more specifically to a method for constructing tiles using formwork.

Ceramic tiles have long been used as finishing materials for solid construction, but the finished surfaces of these tiles are susceptible to repeated expansion and contraction due to shock, vibration, and temperature changes, resulting in efflorescence, lifting, peeling, etc. has always been viewed as a problem. In order to solve this problem, a number of manual construction methods have been proposed for concrete structures, such as pile-up construction, pressure-bonding construction, and vibrato construction, but none of these methods can be said to completely eliminate the above-mentioned problems. The current situation is that there is no such thing. The skill of the tile craftsman is an important factor when considering the durability of the tile finished surface formed by these hand-laid construction methods, but as architectural structures have become larger and taller in recent years, excellent tiles have become more important. The problem of an absolute shortage of craftsmen and the inability to secure a tiled surface with sufficient durability has become significant. Against this background, the tile formwork tipping method was developed, and various methods have been proposed and put into practical use, such as the sheet method, the joint method, and the wooden method.

In general, in these tile formwork pre-attaching construction methods, the adhesive of the tile itself is highly durable and the risk of tile peeling is reduced compared to the hand-laying method. In order to achieve this goal, it is necessary to increase the sand content, increase the amount of cement used, and further improve fluidity. For this reason, concrete is prone to cracking, and the current situation is that unreasonable situations such as cracks in the concrete structure and an increase in water leakage accidents from walls are occurring. Also, during on-site construction,
This is because the tile finishing work precedes the concrete frame work, and the tiles attached to the formwork may fall off due to the vibrations and shocks caused by concrete pouring during the frame formation. If the concrete is not sufficiently compacted using a vibrator or a vibrator when pouring concrete due to fear of the tiles falling off, voids will be created within the structure and problems will arise in the strength of the structure itself. This also affects the adhesion of the tiles themselves, causing tiles around the void to peel off. Such failures occurred immediately after construction work was completed, and a great deal of time and money was wasted in repairing them.

In order to solve these problems, improve the durability of the tile finished surface, and prevent peeling, a method has been proposed to increase the bonding strength between tile wall structures. However, this method does not take into account the deformation of the tile wall constituent layers due to changes in temperature and humidity applied to the building after construction over time, and the stress acting on the interface is high due to changes over time. An increase in the number of repeated deformations will lead to fatigue failure. That is, in the initial state immediately after tiling construction work, the joint strength of the finished surface is high and the probability of peeling is low, but there is a problem that the risk of peeling increases as time passes.

The present invention was developed in view of these problems, and involves installing tiles onto a formwork via a tile holding jig during tiling construction work, and adding a polymeric admixture to the back side of the tile. A composite formwork is formed by applying and curing a first hydraulic compound (polymer cement mortar, etc.), and this composite formwork is combined with the existing concrete frame and a second hydraulic compound modified with a polymeric admixture. By using a construction method that integrates hydraulic compounds and dismantles and removes the formwork and tile holding jigs, the durability of the tile finish does not depend on the skill of the tile craftsman, streamlining construction production. The objective is to provide a tiling construction method that can ensure a highly durable and safe tiled surface that does not easily peel off even with movements caused by changes in temperature and humidity over time. That is.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Figures 1a to 1f are cross-sectional views showing the construction order of the tiling construction method according to the present invention.
This is what is done from f to f.

In each figure, 1 is a concrete formwork made of plywood, steel plate, plastic board, etc. Inside this formwork 1, there is a recess 2 that matches the shape of the tiles used for construction.
A tile holding jig 3 made of metal is arranged as shown in FIG. 1a. A tile 4 is mounted in the recess 2 of the tile holding jig 3 as shown in FIG. 1b.

Next, on the back side of the tile 4, the hydraulic compound has the necessary rigidity to withstand the pouring pressure when integrating the existing frame and composite formwork, which will be described later, with a hydraulic compound. A reinforcing material 5 made of a three-dimensional fabric made of alkali-resistant glass fiber, carbon fiber, etc., a three-dimensional mesh nonwoven fabric, a welded wire mesh, etc. to prevent cracking after curing is provided as shown in FIG. 1c.
The L-shaped mounting bracket 6 is provided on the reinforcing member 5 so as to protrude inwardly so as to firmly integrate the finished tile surface with the frame and prevent it from peeling off.

Next, as shown in Figure 1d, a synthetic rubber latex such as styrene-butadiene, an ethylene-vinyl acetate or acrylic synthetic resin emulsion, a polymer powder such as methyl cellulose mixed therein, or water is added. A first hydraulic compound 7 mixed with a polymeric material to be re-emulsified is applied between the tiles 4 and on the back side of the tiles 4 and to the reinforcing material 5.
During this time, the inside of the reinforcing material 5 is coated by troweling, mechanical spraying, or the like. The first hydraulic compound 7 applied in this way forms a tile backing layer, and also causes dimensional changes due to drying and wetting, and dimensional changes due to drying of hydraulic materials such as cement concrete. It also serves as a buffer layer that absorbs the peeling stress between the tile wall layers and prevents the tiles 4 from peeling off due to changes over time. Furthermore, since the first hydraulic compound 7 containing a polymeric admixture that comes into contact with the tile 4 has a dense structure, efflorescence is prevented and waterproofness can be improved. By curing the first hydraulic compound 7, the first hydraulic compound 7 which forms the formwork 1, the tile holding jig 3, the tile 4, the reinforcing material 5, and the tile backing layer is formed. A composite formwork 8 is formed.

Thereafter, the composite formwork 8 is erected at a predetermined location by a suitable means such as a crane, and as shown in FIG. In the gap between
A second hydraulic compound 10 having substantially the same configuration as the first hydraulic compound 7 is injected manually or by an injection machine and then cured to be integrally formed. In this case, the existing frame 9 is engaged with the mounting bracket 6 protruding from the reinforcing material 5.
Providing the letter-shaped mounting fittings 11 serves to more firmly integrate the finished tile surface and the frame 9, and also has the function of temporary fixing for smooth progress of construction. Furthermore, since the tile 4 is protected by the composite formwork 8, even when the second hydraulic compound 10 is injected by an injection machine,
Falling off or peeling due to vibration or impact will not occur.

After the composite formwork 8 and the frame 9 are integrated in this way, the formwork 1 and tile holding jig 3 are dismantled and removed to obtain a predetermined tile finished surface as shown in Fig. 1f. You will get it.

In this embodiment, the case where the composite formwork 8 is formed in advance and transported to the construction site and erected has been explained, but it is also possible to manufacture the composite formwork 8 at a predetermined position on the construction site and erect it directly. be.

As described above, in the tiling construction method according to the present invention, tiles are attached to a concrete formwork via a tile holding jig, and the tiles are coated with the first hydraulic compound mixed with a polymeric admixture. A composite formwork is formed by coating and curing with By adopting a configuration in which the formwork and tile holding jig are dismantled and removed, the tiles are protected by the composite formwork consisting of the formwork and tile holding jig, making it easy for pouring machines and concrete pouring to take place. This prevents tiles from falling off or breaking due to vibrations, shocks, and pressure during installation, and because a buffer layer with high deformability is interposed between the tiles and the concrete frame, cracks caused by drying shrinkage of the concrete do not spread to the finished tile surface. Furthermore, the peeling stress caused by deformation of temperature and humidity is alleviated, and lifting and peeling of the finished tile surface due to changes over time can be prevented.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIGS. 1a to 1f are cross-sectional views showing the construction order of the tiling construction method according to the present invention. 1...Formwork, 3...Tile holding jig, 4...
Tile, 5... Reinforcement material, 7... First hydraulic compound, 8... Composite formwork, 9... Frame, 10... Second
hydraulic formulation.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Tiles are attached to the inside of a concrete formwork made of plywood, steel plate, plastic board, etc. via a tile holding jig, and a polymeric mixture is added between the tiles and on the back side of the tiles. A first hydraulic compound mixed with the agent is applied to form a tile backing layer, and by curing the first hydraulic compound, the formwork, the tile holding jig, and the backing layer are removed. A second hydraulic compound mixed with a polymeric admixture is injected between the composite formwork and an existing frame formed of a hydraulic compound such as concrete. A tiling construction method characterized by integrating the composite formwork and the frame, and then dismantling and removing the formwork and the tile holding jig. 2 Claims characterized in that the hydraulic compound forming the backing layer is applied after a reinforcing material such as a three-dimensional fabric, a three-dimensional mesh nonwoven fabric, or a welded wire mesh is provided on the back side of the tile. The tiling construction method described in paragraph 1.