JPH0153896B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0153896B2 JPH0153896B2 JP57118128A JP11812882A JPH0153896B2 JP H0153896 B2 JPH0153896 B2 JP H0153896B2 JP 57118128 A JP57118128 A JP 57118128A JP 11812882 A JP11812882 A JP 11812882A JP H0153896 B2 JPH0153896 B2 JP H0153896B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fiber
- volume
- fiber mat
- resin
- weight
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920002430 Fibre-reinforced plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011151 fibre-reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920006337 unsaturated polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CSC(C=2C=C(OCC=3C=CC=CC=3)C=CC=2)=N1 OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001282 iso-butane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009960 carding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012784 inorganic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂等の樹脂を
繊維マツトに含浸させて繊維強化プラスチツクス
を製造する方法に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for producing fiber reinforced plastics by impregnating a fiber mat with a resin such as an unsaturated polyester resin.
従来、繊維強化プラスチツクスの含浸基材とし
て、繊維材料のみを用いた繊維マツトが用いられ
ていた。しかし、この繊維マツトは繊維材料のみ
からなるため空間容積が大きく、例えば80体積％
以上にも及ぶことがある。そのためこれに含浸さ
せるべく使用する樹脂が多量必要となり、不経済
で且つ出来上がつた繊維強化プラスチツクスが重
くなるという欠点があつた。 Conventionally, a fiber mat made of only fiber materials has been used as an impregnated base material for fiber-reinforced plastics. However, since this fiber mat is made only of fiber materials, it has a large space volume, for example, 80% by volume.
It may extend to more than that. Therefore, a large amount of resin is required to impregnate the resin, which is disadvantageous in that it is uneconomical and the finished fiber-reinforced plastic becomes heavy.
そこでかかる繊維マツトの空間容積を少なくす
る目的で繊維群と微小中空体とを混合した繊維マ
ツトが含浸基材として使用されてきている。しか
し、この空間容積を少なくするにも一定の限界が
ある。即ち、繊維マツトの空間容積を50体積％以
下とすると、個々の空間が小さくなつて空間と空
間の連通状態が不良となり、樹脂の含浸性が悪く
なり、繊維強化プラスチツクスの含浸基材として
用いるのに不適当なものとなる。また、出来上が
つた繊維強化プラスチツクスは内部の樹脂密度が
不均一となり、十分な強度、硬度が得られないと
いう欠点があつた。 Therefore, in order to reduce the spatial volume of such fiber mats, fiber mats in which fiber groups and microscopic hollow bodies are mixed have been used as impregnated base materials. However, there is a certain limit to reducing this space volume. In other words, if the spatial volume of the fiber mat is less than 50% by volume, the individual spaces will become smaller and the communication between the spaces will be poor, resulting in poor resin impregnation properties, making it difficult to use as an impregnated base material for fiber-reinforced plastics. It becomes inappropriate. Furthermore, the resulting fiber-reinforced plastics had the disadvantage that the internal resin density was non-uniform, making it impossible to obtain sufficient strength and hardness.
本発明はこの点に鑑みなされたもので、繊維と
して特殊の性質を有するものを用いることによつ
て、空間容積を40体積％以下とした繊維マツトを
繊維強度プラスチツクスの含浸基材として用いる
ことができるようにしたものである。 The present invention has been made in view of this point, and uses fiber mat with a space volume of 40% by volume or less by using fibers with special properties as an impregnated base material for fiber-strength plastics. It was made so that it could be done.
即ち、本発明は、繊維群と微小中空体とが混合
されてなる繊維マツトに樹脂を含浸させて繊維強
化プラスチツクスを製造する方法において、前記
繊維群のうち少なくとも20重量％は捲縮数２コ／
cm〜８コ／cm及び捲縮保持度60％以上であり、且
つ前記繊維マツトの空間容積が40体積％以下であ
ることを特徴とするものである。 That is, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing fiber-reinforced plastics by impregnating a fiber mat made of a mixture of fibers and micro hollow bodies with a resin, in which at least 20% by weight of the fibers have a crimp number of 2. Ko/
cm to 8 cm/cm, crimp retention is 60% or more, and the space volume of the fiber mat is 40% by volume or less.
本発明においては、繊維群として、天然繊維、
半合成繊維、合成繊維、無機繊維等種々のものを
単独又は混合して用いることができる。しかしな
がら、これらの繊維群のうち少なくとも20重量％
以上は捲縮数２コ／cm〜８コ／cm及び捲縮保持度
60％以上であることが必要である。ここで捲縮数
はJIS，Ｌ−1074法によつて測定したものであり、
捲縮保持度は同法によつて測定した初期捲縮率に
対する残留捲縮率の割合を（％）で表示したもの
である。 In the present invention, the fiber group includes natural fibers,
Various fibers such as semi-synthetic fibers, synthetic fibers, and inorganic fibers can be used alone or in combination. However, at least 20% by weight of these fiber groups
Above is the number of crimps 2/cm to 8/cm and crimp retention.
It must be 60% or more. Here, the number of crimp is measured by JIS, L-1074 method,
The crimp retention is the ratio (%) of the residual crimp rate to the initial crimp rate measured by the same method.
捲縮数が２コ／cm未満となると繊維マツト中の
個々の空間が小さくなつて空間と空間の連通状態
が不良となり、樹脂含浸性が悪くなるので好まし
くない。又、捲縮数が８コ／cmを越えると繊維が
線状形態を失い、むしろ玉状となるため、繊維マ
ツトを作成するのが困難となると共に得られた繊
維マツトの強度も低下し、繊維強化プラスチツク
スの含浸基材として用いるのに好ましくない。 If the number of crimps is less than 2 crimps/cm, the individual spaces in the fiber mat become small, resulting in poor communication between the spaces and poor resin impregnation, which is not preferable. Furthermore, when the number of crimps exceeds 8 crimps/cm, the fibers lose their linear form and instead become beaded, making it difficult to create a fiber mat and reducing the strength of the resulting fiber mat. Not preferred for use as an impregnated base material for fiber reinforced plastics.
また捲縮保持度が60％未満であると、繊維マツ
トの取扱い中又は樹脂含浸中に繊維の捲縮が消失
してしまい、個々の空間の連通状態が不良とな
り、樹脂含浸性が悪くなるので好ましくない。 In addition, if the crimp retention is less than 60%, the crimp of the fibers will disappear during handling of the fiber mat or resin impregnation, resulting in poor communication between individual spaces and poor resin impregnation. Undesirable.
このような特殊な性質を持つ繊維は全体の繊維
群に対して少なくとも20重量％存在することが必
要である。20重量％未満であると、この繊維を用
いたことによる効果が繊維マツトに充分発現され
ないため好ましくない。 Fibers with such special properties must be present in an amount of at least 20% by weight based on the total fiber group. If it is less than 20% by weight, the effect of using this fiber will not be sufficiently expressed in the fiber mat, which is not preferable.
微小中空体としては、外殻がビニリデンクロラ
イド・アクリロニトリル共重合体等の熱可塑性樹
脂で、その中にイソブタン等の気体が封入されて
いるものを使用する。微小中空体は軽量で且つ体
積の大きなものであればどのようなものでも使用
可能である。繊維マツト中における微小中空体の
占有体積は、繊維群の占有体積にもよるが、一般
的に58体積％以上である。このようにすることに
よつて、繊維マツトの空間容積を40体積％以下と
することができ、含浸させる樹脂の量を少なくす
ることができる。 As the micro hollow bodies, those whose outer shell is made of a thermoplastic resin such as vinylidene chloride/acrylonitrile copolymer and in which a gas such as isobutane is sealed are used. Any micro hollow body can be used as long as it is lightweight and has a large volume. The volume occupied by the micro hollow bodies in the fiber mat depends on the volume occupied by the fiber group, but is generally 58% by volume or more. By doing so, the spatial volume of the fiber mat can be reduced to 40% by volume or less, and the amount of resin to be impregnated can be reduced.
本発明に依る繊維マツトは、個々の構成繊維が
絡み合い且つその接触点で結合剤によつて結合さ
れると共に微小中空体が構成繊維間の間隙に固着
された状態となつている。 In the fiber mat according to the present invention, the individual constituent fibers are intertwined and bonded by a binder at their contact points, and micro hollow bodies are fixed in the gaps between the constituent fibers.
このような繊維マツトは例えば以下に示す方法
によつて作成することができる。 Such a fiber mat can be produced, for example, by the method shown below.
即ち、捲縮保持度60％以上で、所定の捲縮数、
例えば３コ／cm〜13コ／cm程度の捲縮数を有する
繊維を少なくとも20重量％以上含む繊維綿をカー
ド法、エアレイ法、抄紙法等で開繊、集積して繊
維ウエブを作成する。この繊維ウエブに、外殻が
未だ膨張していない状態の微球体と結合剤との混
合溶液を含浸させる。次いでこれを加熱工程に導
入することにより、微球体に内包されている気体
を膨張させることによつてその外殻を膨張させる
と共に結合剤を固着させる。かくして繊維マツト
が作成される。尚、これに関する更に詳細な説明
は次下の実施例に関する説明においてする。 In other words, the crimp retention degree is 60% or more, the predetermined number of crimp,
For example, fibrous cotton containing at least 20% by weight of fibers having a number of crimps of about 3 to 13 crimps/cm is opened and aggregated by a carding method, an airlay method, a paper making method, etc. to prepare a fibrous web. This fibrous web is impregnated with a mixed solution of microspheres whose outer shells are not yet expanded and a binder. Next, by introducing the microspheres into a heating process, the gas contained in the microspheres is expanded, thereby expanding the outer shell and fixing the binder. A fiber mat is thus created. Incidentally, a more detailed explanation regarding this will be given in the explanation regarding the embodiment below.
このようにして得られた空間容積40体積％以下
の繊維マツトに、ポリエステル不飽和樹脂等の樹
脂を塗布することにより、繊維強化プラスチツク
スが製造される。 Fiber-reinforced plastics are produced by applying a resin such as polyester unsaturated resin to the thus obtained fiber mat having a space volume of 40% by volume or less.
本発明においては、特殊な性質の繊維を用いて
いるため、空間容積が40体積％以下となつても
個々の空間の連通状態が良好なため樹脂がすばや
く繊維マツトに含浸される。又、樹脂含浸の不良
の個所が発生せず、気泡を残すことなく樹脂を含
浸することができる。 In the present invention, since fibers with special properties are used, even if the space volume is less than 40% by volume, the communication between the individual spaces is good and the fiber mat is quickly impregnated with the resin. In addition, no defective resin impregnation points occur, and the resin can be impregnated without leaving any air bubbles.
従つて本発明の方法によるときは、繊維強化プ
ラスチツクスが能率よく生産できると共に、樹脂
が緊密に含浸するので強度低下を伴わないという
効果を奏する。更に樹脂量を減少させたにもかか
わらず従来品と同等の強度なものを得ることがで
きるという効果を奏する。 Therefore, when using the method of the present invention, fiber-reinforced plastics can be efficiently produced, and since the resin is tightly impregnated, there is no decrease in strength. Furthermore, even though the amount of resin is reduced, it is possible to obtain the same strength as the conventional product.
実施例 １
捲縮数４コ／cm、捲縮保持度40％で３デニー
ル、64mm長のポリエステル繊維(A)60重量％と、捲
縮数４コ／cm、捲縮保持度85％で５デニール、58
mm長のポリエステル繊維(B)40重量％とを均一に混
合して重量78ｇ／m2の繊維ウエブを作成した。Example 1 60% by weight polyester fiber (A) of 3 denier, 64 mm length with 4 crimps/cm and 40% crimp retention and 5 denier with 4 crimps/cm and 85% crimp retention Denier, 58
A fiber web having a weight of 78 g/m 2 was prepared by uniformly mixing 40% by weight of mm-long polyester fibers (B).
更に、結合剤としてポリアクリロニトリルを、
微球体としてイソブタンを内包し且つ外殻がビニ
リデンクロライド・アクリロニトリル共重合体で
形成されたものを用い、これらを重量比で６：４
にして成る混合水溶液を別途用意した。 Furthermore, polyacrylonitrile is used as a binder,
Microspheres containing isobutane and having outer shells made of vinylidene chloride/acrylonitrile copolymer were used, and these were mixed in a weight ratio of 6:4.
A mixed aqueous solution consisting of the following was separately prepared.
繊維ウエブに上記混合水溶液を含浸させ、次い
でこれを135℃に加熱した。出来上がつた繊維マ
ツトは148ｇ／m2、厚み４mmのもので、微小中空
体の占有体積は60体積％であつた。繊維群及び結
合剤の占有体積は各々３体積％、1.5体積％であ
つた。従つて繊維マツトの空間容積は35.5体積％
であつた。 A fibrous web was impregnated with the above mixed aqueous solution and then heated to 135°C. The finished fiber mat had a weight of 148 g/m 2 and a thickness of 4 mm, and the volume occupied by the micro hollow bodies was 60% by volume. The volumes occupied by the fiber group and the binder were 3% by volume and 1.5% by volume, respectively. Therefore, the space volume of fiber mat is 35.5% by volume.
It was hot.
この繊維マツトの両表面に厚み0.94mm、重量
450ｇ／m2のガラス繊維マツトを積層しながら、
この繊維マツトに25℃で粘度300cpsの不飽和ポリ
エステル樹脂を含浸させたところ約40秒で完全に
含浸が完了した。出来上がつた繊維強化プラスチ
ツクスの硬度は60（シエアーＤ）であり、厚みは
約5.9mm、重量は約4.8Kg／m2であつた。 Both sides of this fiber mat have a thickness of 0.94mm and a weight of
While laminating 450g/ m2 glass fiber mat,
When this fiber mat was impregnated with an unsaturated polyester resin having a viscosity of 300 cps at 25°C, the impregnation was completed in about 40 seconds. The resulting fiber-reinforced plastic had a hardness of 60 (Sheer D), a thickness of about 5.9 mm, and a weight of about 4.8 kg/m 2 .
実施例 ２
実施例１で用いたポリエステル繊維(A)40重量％
とポリエステル繊維(B)60重量％とを均一に混合し
て繊維ウエブを作成し、これに実施例１で用いた
混合水溶液を含浸させて135℃に加熱・乾燥し繊
維マツトを作成した。この繊維マツトの空間容積
は35.5体積％であつた。Example 2 40% by weight of polyester fiber (A) used in Example 1
and 60% by weight of polyester fiber (B) were uniformly mixed to prepare a fiber web, which was impregnated with the mixed aqueous solution used in Example 1, heated to 135° C. and dried to prepare a fiber mat. The spatial volume of this fiber mat was 35.5% by volume.
この繊維マツトに実施例１で用いた不飽和ポリ
エステル樹脂を含浸させたところ、約35秒で含浸
が完了した。出来上がつた繊維強化プラスチツク
スの硬度は60（シエアーＤ）であつた。 When this fiber mat was impregnated with the unsaturated polyester resin used in Example 1, impregnation was completed in about 35 seconds. The hardness of the resulting fiber-reinforced plastic was 60 (Sheer D).
比較例 １
実施例１で用いたポリエステル繊維(A)100％を
用いて実施例１と同様の条件で空間容積35.5体積
％の繊維マツトを作つた。Comparative Example 1 Using 100% polyester fiber (A) used in Example 1, a fiber mat with a space volume of 35.5% by volume was made under the same conditions as in Example 1.
この繊維マツトに実施例１で用いた不飽和ポリ
エステル樹脂を含浸させたところ約100秒で含浸
が完了した。これにより得られた繊維強化プラス
チツクスの硬度は30（シエアーＤ）であつた。 When this fiber mat was impregnated with the unsaturated polyester resin used in Example 1, impregnation was completed in about 100 seconds. The hardness of the fiber-reinforced plastic thus obtained was 30 (Sheer D).
比較例 ２
厚み0.94mm、重量450ｇ／m2のガラス繊維マツ
トに不飽和ポリエステル樹脂を含浸させて重量
1.35ｇ／m2のものを得た。これを６層積層すると
厚み約5.6mm、重量約8.1Kg／m2の繊維強化プラス
チツクスが得られる。Comparative Example 2 A glass fiber mat with a thickness of 0.94 mm and a weight of 450 g/ m2 was impregnated with unsaturated polyester resin.
1.35 g/m 2 was obtained. When six layers of this are laminated, a fiber-reinforced plastic with a thickness of approximately 5.6 mm and a weight of approximately 8.1 kg/m 2 is obtained.
この繊維強化プラスチツクスと実施例１で得ら
れた繊維強化プラスチツクスとは曲げ剛性におい
て等価である。従つて本発明により得られるもの
は、従来のガラス繊維マツトのみを用いたものと
比較して約3.3Kg／m2軽量化されることになる。 This fiber-reinforced plastic and the fiber-reinforced plastic obtained in Example 1 are equivalent in bending rigidity. Therefore, the weight of the product obtained according to the present invention is reduced by about 3.3 kg/m 2 compared to a product using only conventional glass fiber mats.
Claims (1)
マツトに樹脂を含浸させて繊維強化プラスチツク
スを製造する方法において、前記繊維群のうち少
なくとも20重量％は捲縮数２コ／cm〜８コ／cm及
び捲縮保持度60％以上であり、且つ前記繊維マツ
トの空間容積が40体積％以下であることを特徴と
する繊維強化プラスチツクスを製造する方法。1. A method for producing fiber-reinforced plastics by impregnating a fiber mat made of a mixture of fiber groups and micro hollow bodies with a resin, in which at least 20% by weight of the fiber groups have a crimp count of 2 to 8. 1. A method for producing fiber-reinforced plastics, characterized in that the fiber mat has a crimp retention of 60% or more and a spatial volume of the fiber mat of 40% by volume or less.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57118128A JPS599046A (en) | 1982-07-07 | 1982-07-07 | Manufacture of fiber reinforced plastic |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57118128A JPS599046A (en) | 1982-07-07 | 1982-07-07 | Manufacture of fiber reinforced plastic |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS599046A JPS599046A (en) | 1984-01-18 |
| JPH0153896B2 true JPH0153896B2 (en) | 1989-11-16 |
Family
ID=14728729
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57118128A Granted JPS599046A (en) | 1982-07-07 | 1982-07-07 | Manufacture of fiber reinforced plastic |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS599046A (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH077100Y2 (en) * | 1988-11-28 | 1995-02-22 | 日邦産業株式会社 | Tool box for trucks |
| US20130323495A1 (en) * | 2011-02-23 | 2013-12-05 | Toray Industries, Inc. | Fiber reinforced composite material |
-
1982
- 1982-07-07 JP JP57118128A patent/JPS599046A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS599046A (en) | 1984-01-18 |
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