JPH0150453B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a catalytic reaction tower, and more particularly to a catalytic reaction tower in which channeling, welding, carbon deposition, etc. of a catalyst layer are prevented.

Generally, as a catalytic reaction tower for causing a reaction by passing a gas through a catalyst layer, one is known in which several towers each having a catalyst layer are arranged and the gas is caused to sequentially pass through these catalyst layers to cause a reaction. At this time, the catalyst bed is a fixed bed, and the reaction heat generated by the reaction in each reaction tower is recovered by heat exchange with the reaction gas using a cooling medium such as water.

However, such a reaction tower has disadvantages in that channeling, welding, carbon deposition, shot passes, etc. of the catalyst layer are likely to occur, and the structure is complicated due to the use of a plurality of catalyst beds.

The object of the present invention is to provide a catalytic reaction tower that eliminates the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, does not cause channeling, welding, carbon deposition, etc. of the catalyst layer, has a simple structure, and is capable of efficiently carrying out reactions in one tower. Our goal is to provide the following.

The present invention provides a catalytic reaction tower in which a gas is caused to pass through a catalyst layer to cause a reaction. a partition portion provided in the inner and outer gas flow paths so that the gas flow is alternately reversed; and a cooling pipe provided in a direction perpendicular to the gas flow passing through the catalyst layer; The partition portion is characterized in that it is formed with the catalyst layer protruding toward the gas flow side.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the catalytic reaction tower of the present invention. This apparatus includes a reaction tower body 7 having an inlet 2 for a raw material gas 1, an outlet 4 for a reaction gas 3, and an inlet 6 for a circulating gas 5, and a gas permeable inner wall provided in the longitudinal direction of the main body. A moving catalyst layer 8 (hereinafter referred to as a catalyst layer) filled between the cylinder 10 and the outer cylinder 11, a cooling pipe group 9 provided in the longitudinal direction within the catalyst layer, and an inner side of the catalyst layer (inner cylinder side). ) and the gas flow path 12 provided on the outside (outer cylinder side), respectively.
A and B, the gas flow is from the outer cylinder side to the flow path 12.
A partition section provided in the gas passages 12A and 12B so that the gas enters B and flows through the catalyst layer 8 into the passage 12A, and further from the passage 12A in the opposite direction through the catalyst layer 8 and into the passage 12B. 30 and 31. Partition parts 30 and 31
As shown in the figure, the catalyst layer 8 is formed to protrude in a trapezoidal shape from the outer and inner gas channels 12A and 12B. A catalyst inlet 13 and a catalyst outlet 14 are provided at the upper and lower parts of the reaction column body 7, respectively. As shown in FIG. 2, the cooling tube group 9 has a large number of thin tubes concentrically built into the annular catalyst layer 8, and its upper and lower ends are provided at the upper and lower portions of the reaction column main body 7. The cooling medium is connected to a discharge port 15 and a supply port 16, respectively. Note that 17 is a catalyst hopper, 18 is a catalyst regenerator,
19 is a regenerated catalyst hopper, and 20 is a heat exchanger or a gas-liquid separation tank.

In the above configuration, the raw material gas 1 is introduced into the gas flow path 12B from the inlet 2, passes through the annular catalyst layer 8 in a centripetal direction as indicated by the arrow in FIG. It reaches channel 12A, changes direction upward from here, then passes through the catalyst layer in the opposite direction (centrifugal direction) to the outer gas channel 12B.
At this point, the direction changes upward again, then passes through the catalyst layer in the centripetal direction in the same manner as described above, and thereafter rises while passing through the catalyst layer 8 alternately in the centripetal and centrifugal directions. , reacts with the catalyst in the catalyst layer to become the target reaction gas 3, which is taken out of the system through the outlet 4. Note that the circulating gas 5 is introduced into the gas flow path 12A from the inlet 6, releases the raw material, and transports it upward. The catalyst is introduced into the catalyst layer 8 from the regenerated catalyst hopper 19 through the catalyst inlet 13, moves from above to below at a constant speed by the action of gravity, and is discharged to the outside from the catalyst outlet 14. The discharged catalyst is introduced into the catalyst regenerator 18 via the catalyst hopper 17, and after being heated and regenerated by steam or the like, it is transferred to the upper regenerated catalyst hopper 19 mechanically on a conveyor or the like, or by an air lift, a steam lift, etc.
carried to. A cooling medium is introduced into the cooling pipe group 9 from the supply port 16, and the cooling medium heated by the reaction heat is discharged from the discharge port 15, and is exchanged with another heat medium in the heat exchanger 20, so that it can be used effectively. or separated into steam and water in a gas-liquid separation tank 20,
The steam is led outside and used effectively.

In the catalyst column of the present invention, it is preferable that the catalyst bed 8 works as a moving bed, but it is also possible to temporarily stop supplying the catalyst and let the catalyst bed 8 work as a fixed bed.

The catalytic reaction tower according to the present invention can be used, for example, for various catalytic reactions using carbon monoxide as a raw material, such as CO conversion reactions, methanol synthesis reactions, or methane synthesis reactions, as well as various catalytic reactions using other raw material gases. be able to.

According to the present invention, the catalyst layer is not divided as in conventional methods, but is formed continuously, so it can be used not only as a fixed bed but also as a moving bed, and the catalyst can be continuously applied during the reaction. Or it can be regenerated and circulated intermittently.

In addition, since the catalyst and gas flow in countercurrent flow, the closer to the top of the tower the fresher the catalyst comes into contact with the gas in which the reaction has progressed, making it possible to increase the reaction efficiency.

Furthermore, the gas flow within the catalyst layer changes alternately between the centripetal direction and the centrifugal direction, and the gas is remixed inside and outside the catalyst layer.The catalyst layer in the partition portion also protrudes toward the gas flow path, where the catalyst Once dispersed, they aggregate and move downward, resulting in channeling and welding of the catalyst layer.
Carbon deposition, shot passes, etc. are less likely to occur.

In addition, since the gas flow is perpendicular to the cooling tube group, channeling caused by the installation of the cooling tubes is prevented, and since there are many opportunities for gas to come into contact with the cooling tube group, the reaction temperature can be made uniform. is also easy. Furthermore, since the outer surface of the cooling tube is in direct contact with the catalyst layer, it is easy to increase the cooling effect.
It can also have a catalytic effect.

The catalytic reaction tower of the present invention has a larger volume ratio of the catalyst layer than a multi-tubular reaction tower and has an extremely simple structure, so it is suitable for high-pressure, high-temperature reactions and generation of high-pressure steam.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a catalytic reaction tower showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line - in FIG. 1 in the direction of the arrows. In the figure, 1 is the raw material gas, 3
is the reaction gas, 5 is the circulating gas, 7 is the reaction tower main body, 8
1 is a catalyst layer, 9 is a group of cooling pipes, 12A and 12B are gas flow paths, 13 is a catalyst inlet, 14 is a catalyst outlet, 1
8 is a catalyst regenerator.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a catalytic reaction tower in which gas is caused to pass through a catalyst layer for reaction, means for moving and circulating the catalyst layer, gas passages provided inside and outside the catalyst layer, and a flow of gas entering the catalyst layer. and a cooling pipe provided in a direction perpendicular to the gas flow passing through the catalyst layer. A catalytic reaction tower characterized in that a catalyst layer is formed to protrude toward a gas flow path.