JPH01503543A - Lubricants or lubricant concentrates - Google Patents

Abstract

A lubricant or lubricant concentrate derived from mineral and/or synthetic oils possessing improved lubricating properties, in particular improved load-bearing, sliding and anti-corrosion properties, contains a) one or more mineral and/or synthetic oils as the basic oil, b) at least one (OH)4 to (OH)8 alcohol with at least one quaternary carbon atom and at least one ester bond in the molecule, and having a density d20 of at least 0.900 and an enthalpy H of at least 350 kcal/kg, c) at least one asymmetrical organo-metallic compound, d) at least one phosphorus carrier, e) at least one sulphur carrier, and f) other usual additives.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Lubricants or lubricant concentrates The present invention has improved lubricity, especially corrosion protection, as well as load support and sliding properties. Concerning new lubricants or lubricant concentrates based on improved mineral oils and/or synthetic oils .

Over the past decade, numerous processes and lubrication systems have been developed to reduce the friction and Reduce wear, reduce energy and replacement parts costs, and reduce lubricant and material costs. has been developed to extend the service life of As an ideal 'nWI agent, it provides 'lifelong moisture'. ``Lubricant'' means that taking ecological demands into account is becoming increasingly restrictive. Make them think carefully about what they say.

Long-life and mechanically efficient lubricants, lubrication systems and lubrication systems, on the way to the first stage So-called chemical wear lubrication was developed in the 1990s. by using it , by forming a chemically reactive sheath coating on the surface or on a lubricant basis. By introducing chemically reactive compounds into the main components, the microscopic Metals by forming salts on the surface of m1cro-mountain and metal contact is greatly hindered. In this way stoppages due to overheating of mechanical parts are prevented. You can But at the same time the shear of the salt coating between metal parts moving relative to each other Wear was accelerated. The service life of the material therefore remains relatively short.

At a further stage, a lubricating canopy,! ! Turbid matter, paste or fat Graphite, MoS2, TiO2, Ca3 (Po4)2, Teflon introduced in the form of Solid lubricants have been developed that are introduced between metal parts during operation, such as in motor vehicles. this In the method the rubbed parts are better separated from each other and the load carrying capacity is increased . However, under the influence of high peripheral speed mental movement, the different specific densities At higher temperatures, the solid lubricant and base medium will sooner or later separate from each other.

Long-life lubrication is thereby limited. Lubrication during operation at a further stage Deposition of appropriate metal cations onto friction surfaces from chemical complexes dissolved in agents is achieved. It was done. Under the pressure and temperature of the friction parts, they form a eutectic together with the metal mass PI layer. form, it fills the uneven cleavage to smooth, and the uneven The i-high point of is partially 1fL' chemically and partially microplastically flattened. organometallic compound The anion part of is a newly reconstructed eutectic 121! Lubricant in its original position on the rubbing surface It also acts as a sticky reactive layer.

In addition to too long a starting phase, too high a 1 m coefficient and attrition, the progress of the reaction Line inhibition is a problem with these lubrication systems. Do you bear the burden in these places? Narrow down areas such that the resulting subsequent metal failure occurs in over-scorched areas and sliding surfaces. To remove minute irregularities caused by product preparation during the manufacturing process. If the active component of the organometallic compound is achieved, the active component of the organometallic compound is reinforced, and this results in too high removal rate and too short service life. A period of chemical wear leads to a phase of lubrication.

For example, from DE-PS941 678, the reaction product of phosphorus pentasulfide is composition or liquid or solid aliphatic or terpene hydrocarbon content. Find out which lubricating oil you have. DE-PS923 984 in combination with zinc sulfonate We know lubricating oils containing metal-containing alkylphenol sulfide esters.

From DE-ASI 444 892, aromatic zinc dithiophosphate salts and Know the oil containing lead carvone MjA in the presence of water. Both products mentioned earlier is an aIW4 oil cleaning agent, but the latter product is said to prevent corrosion of silver bearing surfaces. It is said. Optionally alkylated or esterified from DE-ASl 296 730 Along with salts of phosphoric acid! ! Learn about lubricating oils that contain succinic acid. This product is a cleaning agent It has the function of an antioxidant. DE-ASl 271 878 to dithiophore Learn about the combination of sulfate and dithiophosphinate salts. DE-051594 Free sulfur, dialkyldithiophosphate and chlorinated hydrocarbons from 555 Know the cutting oil contained. Zinc or antimony to US-PS3 462367 Lubricating oils containing ocarbamates are disclosed. US-PS2 75808 Sulfur-phosphorus compound prepared by reacting phosphorus pentasulfide and olefin at high temperature from 7 , and lubricating oils containing zinc phthalate. However, all of these known All lubricating oil additives do not meet today's demands, especially those in the area of lubrication points. It causes precipitation of heavy oxides and also causes too high wear.

Phosphorus sulfide, tallow oil fatty acid alcohol ester from US-PS2 734 865 , combined with a complex reaction product of zinc chloride and barium hydroxide to form an alkaline earth metal salt. It can be seen that dithiophosphates are used as lubricating oil additives. So The friction coefficients and wear values achieved by this method are too high for today's requirements; Furthermore, the surface pressure values are too low. Sulfurized from US-PS2 734 864 Combined with the complex reaction product of phosphorus, mutton tallow and alcohol ester, alkaline earth gold The lubricating oil additives formed by dithiophosphates of the genus are known. raw not limited The composition contains sufficient amounts of barium and zinc.

Such lubricating oil additives are practically unusable due to their irresistible odor. DE-Psi 954, which also endangers the health of workers who come into contact with it. From 452 to mineral oil and synthetic oil! ! 8! In addition to mineral oil or synthetic oil, the lubricant used for Epoxidized fatty acids having 10 to 18 carbon atoms as additives and monovalent or polyvalent Esters of alcohols, zinc, lead, tin, tungsten, molybdenum, niobe alkyl, aralkyl or aryldithiophosphate of um or lanthanum, It can be seen that it optionally contains sulfur, phosphorus, and compounds. DE-PS2 108 Lubricants and lubricant concentrates based on mineral or synthetic oils from 780, respectively, Lead, tungsten, molybdenum esterified with alkyl, aryl or aralkyl groups At least one other than liveden and/or vanadium dithiophosphate Zinc dialkyldithiophosphate compound and metal-free sulfur, phosphorus, It can be seen that it contains a compound. In addition, after these, water-based fluids that found wide-ranging applications. Lubricants no longer meet all the demands of modern long-life and high mechanical efficiency lubricants. I don't. Their friction coefficient and wear are too high and their storage resistance is insufficient. And its long-term use will lead to too much regeneration in the lubricant field.

The object of the invention is to provide improved lubricity, in particular improved friction and wear properties, and improved energy efficiency. Significantly reduces the need for energy and replacement parts, and meets the highest demands Provides a novel lubricant or lubricant concentrate that places IN in mineral or synthetic oils that meet There is a particular thing.

This object according to the invention is achieved by adding its components to mineral oils and/or synthetic oils in addition to the usual additives. containing at least one quaternary carbon atom and at least one ester bond in the and has a density d2° of at least 0.900 and a density d2° of at least 350 Kca l/At least one type of tetrahydric to octahydric alcohol having a phantom enthalpy H , at least one asymmetric organometallic compound, at least one phosphorus-containing substance, and and at least one sulfur-containing substance. can do.

The subject of the invention is a novel lubricant or lubricant concentrate based on mineral oils and/or synthetic oils. a) one or more mineral oils and/or synthetic oils as base oil; b) At least one ester bond as well as at least one has a quaternary carbon atom and a density of at least 0.900! d20 and less At least one type of tetravalent with 350 Kcal/phantom enthalpy H ~octahydric alcohol, C) at least one asymmetric organometallic compound; d) at least one phosphorus-containing compound; e) at least one sulfur-containing substance, f) as well as customary additives It is characterized by containing.

The lubricants and lubricant concentrates of the present invention are particularly useful for their friction and abrasive properties and for their energy and lubricants known for substantially reducing the need for replacement parts. and lubricant concentrates. This allows you to use it in friction and sliding areas. Amorphous solidified gold that does not exhibit any metal crystal lattice structure by This may be due to the fact that glass surfaces of metals are formed from metal melts.

believed to be formed by using the lubricant or III agent concentrate of the present invention. The glass-like smooth friction and gliding surface has a low coefficient of friction and a high resistance to wear, oxidation and corrosion. This improves the overall lubrication process since it is substantially reduced. Also, the so-called installation is (fitting rust) is prevented by the lubricants and lubricant concentrates of the present invention. be done. Moreover, the lubricants and lubricant concentrates of the present invention are free from any lead, sulfur-containing Whale oil is also non-polluting as it contains almost no phosphorus. this thing Fish tests and bacterial culture tests conducted on lubricants and lubricant concentrates of the invention was proven. Moreover, they can be reduced to around 60% within 3-4 months in normal soil. biodegradable.

Therefore, they can be considered extremely non-polluting. Especially those Homodynamic joints for vehicles, i.e. small joints subjected to high speed rotation and heavy loads are suitable for use in It is more similar to the imaginary IFFI drug "Lifetime 111 Purifier". Moreover, the present invention Polyester compounds with quaternary carbon atoms used according to It has a high quality and can be used for 8-temperature operation up to 300℃. those High mechanical efficiency engines, turbines, roller bearings, tuning joints and their Possibility to use them as a lifelong slide with other high mechanical efficiency machine elements provide sex.

“Lubricants or lubricant concentrates based on mineral oils and/or synthetic oils” used in this application The product is based on mineral oil and/or synthetic oil and contains not only lubricating fat but also lubricating oil. It means.

As used herein, the "quaternary carbon atom-containing compound" means at least one tetravalent carbon atom-containing compound per molecule. Contains compounds in which 4 carbon atoms are replaced by W1 by those 4 carbon atoms of 6 means. Examples of such compounds are monomeric, dimeric and trimeric pentameric compounds. Erythritol ester, another polyol ester, pentaerythritol ester esters as well as telomeric acid pentaerythritol esters and equivalent It is an ethoxylated ester.

As can be seen from the examples below, the lubricants and lubricant concentrates of the present invention are suitable for use with known lubricants. have substantially improved properties compared to additives and lubricant concentrates. Lubricant of the present invention The glass-like smooth friction and sliding surface formed by saves driving energy. , which also inherently lowers the friction coefficient, and also has a very good adhesive boundary lubrication film. By forming a film it also allows point loading and elastohydrodynamic lubrication . This means that the lubricant and the lubricated area are rubbed &! This causes a decrease in temperature and increases both oxidation resistance. The metal friction partner reduces distinct load changes and temperature stresses. I only accept it.

In summary, wear is extremely reduced by these effects and the friction part Na-and! The service life of the 18-agent is significantly extended. According to the present invention, these Up until now, it has been thought that the use of oils with high or medium viscosity is absolutely necessary to improve For example, in the field of gears, operating gears or turbine gears, low viscosity A very wide viscosity range is achieved so that oils with . Moreover, the thermal stability of the lubricants and lubricant concentrates of the present invention is suitable for diesel engines and Can be used in rIJ cleaning areas exposed to high operating temperatures, such as aircraft turbines. and make it possible.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention the lubricant or lubricant concentrate is as component (b) , the water 11111 has 6 to 18 carbon atoms, preferably 6 to 12 carbon atoms , especially straight-chain or branched alkyl, aralkyl or Mono-, di- or tripeyl esterified with aryl group or ethoxyesterified Contains taerythritol.

Pentaerythrin as component (b) according to a preferred embodiment of the invention. Contains mono-, sea- or triester of toll.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rA lubricant or lubricant concentrate of the present invention is Contains a component having at least one free hydroxyl group thereon.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the lubricant or lubricant concentrate is mineral oil and/or 0.1 to 40 based on the weight of synthetic oil! i amount%, preferably 0.1-20% , in particular from 1 to 12% by weight, in particular from 2 to 6% by weight of component (b).

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the n't'*-agent or the n't'*-agent of the invention The lubricant concentrate contains mono-, di- or tripentaerythritol as component (b). Stell l1e1 body and/or ethoxylated ester derivative and/or temeric acid Contains pentaerythritol ester or its ethoxyl derivative.

The lubricant or lubricant concentrate of the present invention has a pressure of 1.0 sPa at 20°C to 2- Preferably beet oil, natural oil and/or with a viscosity in the range of 106 sPa, s Contains synthetic oil as base oil. Particularly preferably 1.01 at 20"C as a natural oil IPa,S~50℃T-54Q Has a viscosity of IPa,s.

oils and aromatic or aliphatic dicarboxylic acids, especially poly-alpha-olefin-dicarboxylic acids. Carboxylic acid esters, especially carboxylic acid esters having a molecular weight in the range of 1oOO to 3000 Use of thyl esters, preferably phthalic acid diisodecyl ester, trimethyl acetate Dipic acid didecyl ester and sebacic acid dioctyl ester, iooo~1 with a molecular weight of 00,000 and a viscosity of 200-43,000 sPa,s at 100 °C polyisobutylene with a viscosity of i Q Q Q @ Pa, S at 100°C. Remethacrylate, insoluble in water with a viscosity of 5-6° IPa, s at 100°C Polyglycols with a flash point higher than 50°C and 1 at 20°C. olpa, s ~2 Isoparaffinic oil and/or having a viscosity in the range of 2,000,000 mPa, s at 0°C or an alkylbenzene, and a telomeric acid ester, preferably neopentylglyceride. The use of trimethylolpropane esters of kohl and/or telomeric acid.

As an additive thereto, the lubricant or lubricant concentrate of the invention preferably contains sulfur. properties, especially thiazoles, at least one metal dialkyldithiocarbamate and /or metal dialkyldithiophosphates and/or phosphorus-containing substances, especially organic Phosphites, preferably dialkylaryl phosphites, especially didecyl phosphites phenyl phosphite or didodecylphenyl phosphite and/or metal dial Contains kyldithiophosphate.

The sulfur-containing material is preferably present in the lubricant or lubricant concentrate of the invention in an amount of 0.5 to 10% by weight. % by weight, in particular from 1 to 3% by weight, and preferably contains phosphorus-containing substances in an amount of 0.0% by weight. It is contained in an amount of 1 to 10% by weight, especially 0.1 to 5% by weight, especially 0.5 to 2% by weight. Ru.

In accordance with a highly preferred embodiment of the invention, the lubricant or lubricant concentrate is Contains inhibitors, metal deactivators, detergents, dispersants, antifoaming agents and/or viscosity index improvers can do.

The additives of the invention can be used as a single compound or in combination with group 1111 (base oil or base fat). It is possible to add the above-mentioned teeth in the form of a composition as a concentrate.

Further features and advantages of the invention will be gleaned from the following description of the invention.

Preferably used according to the invention and having at least one quaternary carbon atom in the molecule. The polyester compounds can include the following three groups of compounds:

a) Mono-, di- and tripentaerythritol esters and their ethoxylates The sylated ester derivatives, basic mono- and dipentaerythritol, have the following structures: and monopentaerythritol diventaerythritol-7 but water am partially or completely esterified and has 6 to 18 ester groups, preferably or straight-chain or branched alkyl, aralkyl or aralkyl having 8 to 12 carbon atoms. (preferably contains a lyl group).

These compounds can be easily synthesized and many representatives of these compounds are commercially available. Commercially, for example, the trade name Reolube LP3600 from Chile Geigy. (Benje 1 Nosritol Tetraherargonate), Reolube LPE 504 (Pentaerythritol Tetraoctyl Ester), Reolube Under LPE602 (pentaerythritol tetraheptyl ester), etjenl'ubel　2　(statistical C1゜7012 Based on pentaerythritol (tetradecyl/dodecyl ester) with distribution And, from Henkel AG, the trade name is Edenor K e230 (Pentaeris). Ritol Tetraiso 1<)cimitate ester) and Pentaerythritol Available as tetraisostearate.

An example of a suitable pentaerythritol ester is pentaerythritol monohexyl monooctyl ester, pentaerythritol, monooctyl ester, pentaerythritol monononyl ester, pentaerythritol monodecyl ester, pentaerythritol Erythritol monododecyl ester, pentaerythritol monomyrist ester, pentaerythritol monohexadecyl ester, pentaerythritol Ritol monostearyl ester, pentaerythritol monooleyl ester ter, pentaerythritol monoisostearyl- and -isopalmitate Stell: dihexyl, dioctyl, dinoni corresponding to pentaerythritol ru-, didecyl-, didodecyl-, cimilistyl-, dihexadecyl-, diste Allyl-, dioleyl-, diisostearyl- and diisobalmitate esters :Trihexyl, trioctyl, trinonylate corresponding to pentaerythritol -, tridecyl-, tridodecyl-, trimyristyl-, trihexadecyl- , tristearyl, trioleyl, triisostearyl and triisopal The corresponding tetrahexyl of pentaerythritol as well as mitate ester , tetraoctyl, tetranonyl, tetradecyl, tetradodecyl, tetra tramyristyl, tetrahexadecyl, tetrastearyl, tetraoley -, tetraisostearyl and tetraisopalmitic acid esters.

b) Pentaerythritol telomeric acid derivative with the following skeleton: CH2-0-C-T In the formula, T is telomer R is T or alkyl.

Telomeric acid is a compound with a relatively high molecular weight and a long-chain star-like molecular structure. , it can be esterified by customary methods and the ester is a valuable moisturizer. It is a lubricant (0rtaCidT in commercial products from Akzo Chemistry).

Mineral oils that can be used according to the present invention include 1.0% at 20'C. The viscosity of QiPa,s from isoparaffin oil with a viscosity of 12 sPa,s at 20℃ Highly viscous brightstock (brightstock) that surpasses pindle oil All conventional cylinder oils with a viscosity of 540 sPa, s at 50 °C and Mineral oil.

Many of the synthetic oils that can be used in accordance with the present invention are, for example, manufactured by BP under the trade name "Hyvi". s 10” (polyisobutylene with a viscosity of 200 spa, s at 100°C), “Hyvis 2oO”’ (a pot with a viscosity of 4300 * Pa, s at 100°C) (isobutylene) and “Hyvis 2000” (43000 ■Pa at 100℃ , s). 100℃ Rohm's Viscople having a viscosity of 1000*Pa,s at x4-95 (polymethacrylate), Union Carbide Co., Ltd., 5. UCO+υb N9 with a viscosity of 7 mPa, s. 5.7 mPa, s at 100°C Llcolub N36A with a viscosity of 100℃Te16IPa,s Ucolu N 36 A with viscosity.

Llcolub N 120A with a viscosity of 55 iPa,s at 100°C (this (all of which are water-insoluble polyglycols) as well as 1. □m Esso's "l5opar J" (isoparaffin oil) with a viscosity of pa, s ) are also commercially available.

Organophosphorus-containing substances that can be used in accordance with the present invention are organophosphorus compounds of the formula: -P-R where R is straight-chain or branched or cyclic alkyl each having 6 to 12 carbon atoms or by a lower alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms in the 〇- or P-position is a phenyl group substituted with

A preferred example of an organic compound having the above formula is monodecyl-diphenylphosphite. didecyl phenyl phosphite, triphenyl phosphite, dioctyl Phenyl phosphite, dihexyl phenyl phosphite, diisodecyl Phenyl-phosphite, diisooctyl-phenyl-phosphite, didecyl -〇-Methyl-phenylphosphite and didecyl-P-methylphenylphosphite It is a light.

The metal dialkyldithiocarbamates that can be used in the present invention as sulfur-containing substances are as follows: A compound of the formula, where Me is copper (Cu),! I (Ao), zinc (zn), cadmium (Cd), titanium (Ti), boron (B), zircon (Zr), tin ( Sn), lead (Pb), vanadium (V), tantalum (Ta), antimony (Sb) ), chromium (Cr), molybdenum (MO), tungsten (W), manganese (M n), cobalt (Co), and nickel (Ni). Preferably boron (B), nickel (Ni>, cobalt (Go) or molybdenum) Budene (MO).

Metal dialkyl that can be used in the present invention not only as a phosphorus-containing substance but also as a sulfur-containing substance Dithiophosphate is a compound of the following formula In the formula, Me is copper (Cu), silver (AQ), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), titanium. (Ti), boron (B), zircon (Zl”), tin (Sn), lead (P b), vanadium (V), tantalum (Ta), antimony (Sb>, chromium (C r), molybdenum (MO), tungsten (W), manganese (Mn), cobalt (CO), and nickel (Ni), preferably zinc. (Zn), nickel (Ni), titanium (T’l), vanadium (V), molybdenum (MO>), tungsten (W), and manganese (Mn).

Metal dialkyldithiocarbamates and metal dialkyldithiophosphors as described above. Each is preferably added so that the designated metal salt is still soluble in the commercially available base oil. contains 4 to 8 carbon atoms. Examples of particularly convenient alkyl groups are n-1i- and tert-butyl group, n- and i-amyl group, n- and i-hexyl group, n - and i-hebutyl groups and 2-ethylhexyl groups. What is particularly desirable They are i-butyl group, n- and i-7mil group and 2-ethylhexyl group.

Metal dialkyldithiocarbamates that can be advantageously used according to the invention Examples are: copper-dialkyl dithiocarbamates and copper-pisudi. Alkyldithiocarbamate, silver-dialkyldithiocarbamate Ocarbamate, boron-tris dialkyldithiocarbamate, also tin- and lead bis-dialkyl dithiocarbamates, antimony, vanadium, Tantalum-tris-dialkyldithiocarbamate- and -pentakisdi Alkyldithiocarbamates, as well as in which these metals have mixed oxidation degrees Dialkyl dithiorubamates present: chromium-bis-, chromium-tris, chromium-tris, Chromium-tetrakis and chromium-hexakis dialkylthiocarbamates and tungsten-tetrakis-, -hexakis-, and -oxybis- and - Oxytetrakis dialkyldithiocarbamate, manganese-bis-,-tris -, -tetrakis- and -hexakis dialkyl dithiocarbamates, and coba Root- and nickel-bis- and -tris dialkyldithiocarbamates.

Among these compounds boron-tris dialkyldithiocarbamate, nickel Tris-dialkyldithiocarbamates, molybdenum-tetrakis- and molybum Den-oxytetrakis dialkyl dithiocarbamate, manganese, vanadium and tungsten-tetrakis dialkyl dithiocarbamates are particularly preferred. Yes.

Metal dialkyldithiophosphates that can be advantageously used according to the invention is the same acid as listed above for the metal dialkyldithiocarbamate. They are dialkyldithiophosphates of metals with the same degree of chemical conversion.

Particularly advantageous are zinc-pisialkyldithiophosphate, nickel-bis Su- and tris-dialkyl dithiophosphates, titanium- and panadimate Trakis dialkyldithiophosphate, molybdenum and tungsten tate Lakis alkyl dithiophosphate and molybdenum- and tungsten-oxy It is a tetrakis dialkyldithiophosphate.

Particularly preferred aspects of the metal dialkyldithiocarbamates used according to the invention The book is boron-trisdiisobutyldithiocarbamate, boron-trisdi2 -ethylhexyldithiocarbamate, nickeltrisdiynebutyldithiocarbamate Rubamate, Nickel Tris Cyamyldithiocarbamate, Nickel Tris Di-2-ethylhexyl dithiocarbamate, molybdenum-tetrakis di-2- Ethylhexyl dithiocarbamate, molybdenum-oxytetrakis di-2-ethyl Tylhexyldithiocarbamate, manganese, vanadium and tungsten Tetrakis-2-ethylhexyl dithiocarbamate.

Particularly preferred aspects of the metal dialkyldithiophosphates used according to the invention The book is zinc-bis-di-2-ethyl hekyldithiocarbamate, nickel-bis- and -tris-di-2-ethylhexyldithiophosphate, manganese-, titanium - and vanadium-tetrakis di-2-ethylhexyldithiocarbamate, j Similarly, molybdenum and tungsten tetrakis and molybdenum and tan Gusten-oxytetrakis di-2-ethylhexyl dithiophosphate .

The invention will be explained in more detail using the following examples, without being limited thereto. It's not.

In the examples below, commercially available lubricating oils and lubricating fats each have the following compositions: are used, and they contain on the one hand the lubricant concentrate of the invention On the other hand, those that do not contain it are comparable in terms of their nW4 properties. compared.

The results obtained in each example are depicted graphically in the figures.

A refined steel disc with a diameter of 23a and a thickness of 10a is used to perform the test. Each to be tested on its surface! ! Lubricant applied with a drop of lubricant concentrate ．． Place the drop of lubricant or lubricant concentrate on the surface of the metal plate over the area where the drop is placed. The same refined steel ball with a diameter of 10 am was placed in order for the weight to exert pressure. Money gold at a frequency of 50 Hz over an amplitude of 1 jlI for 60-180 min under the pressure of a genus bulb. It moved across the surface of the genus plate and moved back. During the test, the load within the load area was 50 ~30ON, and the temperature changed from 50 to 150°C (Optimol Gg SRV (vibration-friction-wear) system M sold worldwide by ibH Shokai ).

Due to the friction between the surface of the metal plate and the gate of the loaded ball during the test period diagonally to the direction of ball oscillation. The resulting wear profile was recorded using a suitable recording device. Shown below A diagram is obtained, on the ordinate the height of the wear is the highest point and the highest point of the profile of the surface of the metal plate. Also draw the scanning range of the surface of the metal plate on the abscissa as the difference between the low point and the low point.

In the figure below, si! The depth of 1α of the coordinate profile is the surface profile of the metal plate. This corresponds to a true depth of field of 1 μm. However, in Figure B' of Example 2, The scanning device is designed so that the ICI depth of the profile shown in the figure is 2.2 mm below the surface profile of the plate. It was attenuated to correspond to a true depth of 5 μm.

The figure was recorded under the same conditions, H load 50-30ON, friction frequency 50Hz. , 1 degree 50~150℃, friction amplitude 1 degree, test time 1~3 hours).

11 shown in the figure below! Friction coefficient (RKsax - maximum friction coefficient: RKd-ff friction The average coefficient of friction over 98% of the curve was measured using the SRV device described above. . In all tests, unless stated otherwise, the lubricant concentrate of the invention and used a product with the following composition = 50% C with 4th & carbon atoms 1. ~C18 compound 20% α-olefin ester copolymer 9.5% Tri Methyl adipate didecyl ester 2.5% dialkylaryl phosphite 9% Metal dialkyldithiophosphate/metal dialkyldithiocarbamate 7% Thiazole derivative 2% Sterically hindered phenol as antioxidant Example 1 High viscosity w ra with a viscosity of 2200 sPa, s at 50°C and the following composition Nitrimethyladipate didecyl ester tested by rjAa m oil 34% point Liisobutylene (43000mPa, s/100℃) 32% Lubricant accompanying substances 6% Inventive lubricant concentrate 28% The lubricant concentrate of the invention was excluded in the comparison product.

Both products were tested under the same conditions at a temperature of 150° C. and a load of 20 ON for 1 hour. Obtained The results are grouped in Figures A (according to the present invention) and A' (according to the current state of the art) below. Draw roughly.

Diagram A RKIlax -0,112 RK (1-0,047 Diagram A' The addition of the lubricant concentrate of the invention has a profile of 0.80 μm (average of two measurements). Guide the depth of le. 1.68 μm (two measurements) without the addition of the lubricant concentrate of the invention A profile depth of (average) was obtained.

Wataru Tomotoyo a medium viscosity of 190-200 iPa, s at 50°C and a composition of Duplex α-olefin ester 12% thick lubricating oil was prepared and tested. Limethyladipate didecyl ester 36% polyisobutylene (430001 1Pa, S/100℃) 18% Lubricant accompanying substances 6% Inventive lubricant concentrate 28% Non-inventive lubricant concentrates were excluded in the comparative products.

Both products were tested under the same conditions at a temperature of 150° C. and a load of 20 ON for 1 vI. profit The obtained results are based on the following factors B (according to the present invention) and B' (according to the current state of the art). Draw it in a graph.

Diagram B RKwax -0,133 RKd -0,050 Figure B' RKwax -0,128 The addition of the lubricant concentrate of the present invention has a profile of 0.875 μm (average of two measurements). led to the depth of the rules. 13.98 μm (twice) without the addition of the lubricant concentrate of the present invention A profile depth of (average of the measurements) was obtained.

Example 3 Intermediate viscosity having a viscosity of 120-150 mPa, s at 50°C and having the following composition: A viscous lubricating oil made by rA was tested: Highly viscous α-olefin ester copolymer 4% medium consistency α-olefin ester polymer 12% Trimethyladipate didecyl ester 34% polyisobutylene (200wP a, S / 100℃) 12% nLubricant accompanying substances 6% Inventive lubricant concentrate 32% The lubricant concentrate of the invention was excluded in the comparison product.

Both products were tested under the same conditions at a temperature of 150℃ and a load of 20ON for 1r! I experienced period 3 . The results obtained are shown in Figures C (according to the present invention) and C' (according to the current state of the art) below. ) in a graph.

Figure 0 RKd -0,047 Figure C' RKwax -0,148 R,d　-0,135 The addition of the deodorant concentrate of the present invention has a profile of 1.12 μm (average of two measurements). Caused the depth of le. 3.48μm (2.48μm) without addition of lubricant concentrate of the present invention A profile depth of (average of multiple measurements) was obtained.

Example 4 It has a viscosity of 15000a+Pa,s at 50℃, and has an iUffi of 217) below. High viscosity, high temperature B lubricating oil was prepared and tested using nitrimethyladipate didide. Silester 29% polyisobutylene (43000iPa, s/100℃) 52% Inventive lubricant concentrate 19% The lubricant concentrate of the invention was excluded in the comparison product.

Tested for 1 hour with ON. The results obtained are shown below in Figures D (according to the invention) and D' ( (according to the current state of technology).

Diagram D RK (1-0,052 Figure D' The addition of the lubricant concentrate of the invention results in a profile of O,SOμm (average of three measurements). Caused the depth of le. 1.57 μm (2 μm) without addition of lubricant concentrate of the present invention A profile depth of (average of multiple measurements) was obtained.

High mechanical efficiency gear oil 5AE85/90 contains 10% by weight monopentaerythritol Tested with the inventive additive consisting of a tetraester and without the TJ additive. .

Both products were tested under the same conditions at a temperature of 90° C. and a load of 20 ON for 1 hour. obtained The results are shown in Figures E (according to the invention) and E' (according to the current state of the art) below. Draw in a square shape.

Diagram E RKwax -0,113 RKd -0,076 R, sa× −0,112 RKd -0,085 The addition of the additive of the present invention results in a profile gradient of 0.85 μm (average of two measurements). caused the 1.02 μm (average of two measurements) without the addition of the additive of the present invention. The depth of the profile was obtained.

1 rintan 1 High mechanical efficiency gears having the following compositions and gears II! Lubricant for multi-purpose lubricant for hands Fat was prepared and tested: Mineral oil 70% Discovering the basics of lithium stearate Consistency improver 9% Inventive lubricant concentrate 21% In the comparative product, the lubricant concentrate of the present invention contains 3% by weight molybdenum disulfide/graphite. replaced by a mixture.

Both products were tested under the same conditions at a temperature of 50°C and a load of 1'30 ON for 1 hour. Obtained The results are graphed in the figures below (according to the present invention) and F’ (according to the current state of the art). Draw in a square shape.

Figure F RKd -0,095 Figure F' The addition of the lubricant concentrate of the invention has a profile of 0.95 μm (average of 3 measurements). while the addition of the comparative additive mixture caused a depth of 1.63 μm (three times). The average of the measurements) causes the depth of the profile.

Although the invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, Without limitation, and without exceeding the scope of the present invention, It is clear that it can be modified and modified in many ways.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. lubricants or lubricant concentrates based on mineral oils and/or synthetic oils; a) one or more mineral oils and/or synthetic oils as base oil; b) at least one ester bond as well as at least one has a quaternary carbon atom and a density d20 of at least 0.900 and at least At least one type of tetravalent to octavalent having an enthalpy H of 35 OKcal/kg alcohol, c) at least one asymmetric organometallic compound, d) at least one phosphorus-containing compound substances, e) at least one sulfur-containing substance and f) also customary additives. A lubricant or lubricant concentrate characterized in that it contains. 2. Component (b) has an alcoholic hydroxyl group of 6 to 18, preferably 6 to 12. , especially straight-chain or branched alkyl, aralkyl or aralkyl having 8 to 12 carbon atoms. Mono-, di- or tripenes esterified or ethoxyesterified with lyl groups The lubricant or lubricant according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains taerythritol. is a lubricant concentrate. 3. Mono-, di-, tri- or tetra-pentaerythritol as component (b) The lubricant according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it contains an ester. or lubricant concentrates. 4. characterized by containing a component having at least one free hydroxyl group thereon; A lubricant or a lubricant concentrate according to any one of claims 1 to 3. . 5. 0.1 to 40% by weight, preferably based on the weight of mineral oil and/or synthetic oil 0.1 to 20% by weight, in particular 1 to 12% by weight, especially 2 to 6% by weight of component (b) The moisturizer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it contains Lubricant or lubricant concentrate. 6. As component (c) at least one metal dialkyldithiocarbamate and and/or at least one metal dialkyldithiophosphate. The lubricant or lubricant according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that agent concentrate. 7. Component (c) contains a small amount of metallic boron, nickel, cobalt and molybdenum. 4 to 8 in one type of dialkyldithiocarbamate and/or alkyl group Metals with carbon atoms of zinc, nickel, molybdenum, tungsten, titanium, at least one dialkyldithiophosphate of vanadium and manganese; A lubricant or lubricant concentrate according to claim 6, characterized in that it contains: 8. Nickel tris diisobutyl dithi as metal dialkyldithiocarbamate ocarbamate, nickel trisdiamyldithiocarbamate and/or nickel trisdiamyldithiocarbamate In combination with lutris di-2-ethylhexyl dithiocarbamate, boron diisobutyldithiocarbamate and/or boron trisdi-2-ethylhexyl As sildithiocarbamates and/or metal dialkyldithiophosphates Lead bis-di-2-ethylhexyl dithiophosphate, nickel tris-di-2-ethyl Tylhexyl dithiophosphate, titanium tetrakis di-2-ethylhexyl di Thiophosphate, vanadium tetrakis di-2-ethylhexyl dithiophosphate ate, molybdenum tetrakis- or molybdenum oxytetrakis di-2-ethyl hexyl dithiophosphate, tungsten tetrakis or tungsten oxide Contains xytetrakis di-2-ethylhexyl dithiophosphate. 8. A lubricant or lubricant concentrate according to claim 7, characterized in that: 9.0.1-10% by weight, preferably 0.1-5% by weight, especially 0.1-3% by weight Any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it contains component (c). A lubricant or lubricant concentrate according to paragraph 1. 10. As component (d) an organophosphorus compound, preferably a dialkylaryl phosph monoalkyl diaryl phosphite, triaryl or trialkyl phosphite ruphosphite (provided that the alkyl group is straight-chain, branched or cyclic and preferably containing 8 to 12 carbon atoms, and the aryl group preferably contains 1 to 6 carbon atoms. a phenyl group substituted in the O- or P-position by an alkyl group having an atom especially with didecyl phenyl phosphite or didodecyl phenyl phosphite. Claims 1 to 9 contain the following: Lubricants or lubricant concentrates as described. 11. Contains 0.1 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 2% by weight of component (d) The lubricant or lubricant according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that is a lubricant concentrate. 12. Claim 1, characterized in that it contains thiazole as component (e). 12. A lubricant or lubricant concentrate according to any one of paragraphs 1 to 11. 13. Contains 0.5 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 3% by weight of component (e). The lubricant according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that or lubricant concentrates. 14. 1.0 mpa at 20°C. s ~ 2.106 mPa at 20°C. Viscosity within the range of S Containing beet oil, natural oil and/or synthetic oil with a certain degree as component (a) The lubricant or moisturizer according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that Lubricant concentrate. 15. 1.0 mpa at 20°C as a natural oil. s ~ 540 mpa at 50°C. s viscosity As a mineral oil and/or synthetic oil with a molecular weight within the range of 1000 to 3000. aromatic or aliphatic dicarboxylic acid esters, especially poly-α-olefin-dicarboxylic acid esters having Carboxylic acid esters, especially butyl esters, preferably diisodecyl phthalate trimethyladibate didecyl ester and dioctyl sebacate Esters, molecular weight 1000-100000 and 200-43000 at 100°C mpa. Polyisobutylene with a viscosity of 1000 mpa.s at 100°C. s's Polymethacrylate with a viscosity of 5-60 mpa. at 100°C. has a viscosity of s water-insoluble polyglycol with flash point higher than 50°C and 1.0 mpa at 20°C ．． s ~ 2000000 mpa at 20°C. Isoparaffin having a viscosity within the range of s neopentyl glycosyl oil and/or alkylbenzene, preferably telomeric acid. characterized by containing alcohol ester or trimethylolpropane ester A lubricant or lubricant concentrate according to claim 14. 16. One or more antioxidants, metal deactivators, detergents as component (f) A claim characterized in that it contains an agent, a dispersant, an antifoaming agent and/or a viscosity index improver. A lubricant or lubricant concentrate according to any one of the ranges 1 to 15.