JPH01503316A - Drill bit with improved circulation power - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] name of invention Drill bit with improved circulation power Technical field of invention The present invention is a drill that performs drilling while circulating drilling fluid when drilling oil wells, etc. Regarding bits.

Background of the invention When drilling an oil or gas well, a drill string is placed at the bottom of the drill pipe. Place a drill bit known as a , by rotating the drill bit and drill string into the ground. It is something that forms. A typical drill bit has a conical cutter formed by the drill body. the cutter so that rotation of the drill string causes the cutter to rotate. Scrape off the earth formation with a bit. It is. To continue drilling with the drill bit without stopping, use the drill bit. The excavated material produced by the drilling action of the lil bit must be removed from the bottom of the drilled hole. No. Remove such excavations, clean and cool the drill bit. or for other purposes, commonly known as ``mud water''. Drilling fluid Flow the inside of the drill bit downwards and drain it from the drill bit, then remove the drill bit. Circulate the annular space between the ring and the borehole wall upward and return it to the ground surface. I try to do that. Drilling fluid returned to the surface is cleaned and can be circulated again. can.

Efficient removal of excavated materials is extremely important. Efficiently removes excavated materials If the material cannot be removed, the drill bit will have to scrape off the excavated material again, reducing drilling efficiency. descend. The working efficiency of the drill bit is directly proportional to the removal effect of the excavated material.

Several proposals have been made to improve the effectiveness of removing excavated materials. Ru. U.S. Patent No. 3,216,514 (Nelson) is in the housing of a drill bit. A rotary drilling device is disclosed that includes valve means. This device is a cone-shaped drill bit. A mechanical connection is provided between the drill bit and the valve means to accommodate rotation of the conical drill bit. It rotates. Valve means open and close passages within the drill bit body to The fluid flow inside the bit is cut off, and a sudden downward force is applied to the bit. In addition to increasing the pressure that the cutter exerts on the soil etc. due to the water hammer effect, Hydrostatic pressure exerted by drilling fluid on soil, etc. is made smaller. As a result, soil, etc. is more easily crushed and excavated, and excavated materials are It is contained in the excavated fluid and is carried upward through the annular space. U.S. Patent No. 411470 No. 5 (Milan) has two pulsed jets 180 degrees out of phase. The nozzle is installed with a rotatable ball that swings between two positions. Of the two outlet ducts leading to the are generated alternately. U.S. Patent No. 3,897,836 (Hole and Click The hammer and piston are installed in the housing above the drill bit. , the hammer and piston are operated periodically by continuously supplying compressed air, and the water jet is is generated in a pulsating manner.

Other suggestions for effective removal of excavated material include nozzles to restrict flow. Cross the flow using a screw and a long tube protruding downward from the bit housing. There is something that makes me Furthermore, combining a long nozzle and a return conduit There are things that cross the flow.

Furthermore, based on fluid engineering theory, it is possible to close a valve to abruptly stop the flow of fluid in a pipe. As a result, the pressure increases and a pressure wave is generated. This pressure wave travels upstream, Reflect from any reflective surface. This is a fluid transient phenomenon (hydraulic tr are commonly known as scientists.

Drilling fluid is poured into the drill bit to remove soil and other excavated material resulting from excavation. This article describes a technology that circulates the drilling fluid by passing it through the drill bit and discharging it from the outside of the drill bit. Although various proposals have been made so far, further improvements are required at the current technological level. It is said that

Summary of the invention The present invention is a new and improved drill bit that can improve drilling fluid circulation. The drill bit is installed at the end of the drill string. This enables efficient removal of excavated material that has been scraped and scraped from the bottom of the excavation hole. There is. Another object of the invention is to provide an intermittent flow of drilling fluid through the drill bit. The objective is to provide a new and improved means of concentrating drilling fluids. This makes it possible to increase the jet impact force. Still another object of the present invention is to Substantially utilizing the effects of body transient phenomena, high-speed fluid is intermittently downhole (do wnhole).

The drill body of the drill bit with improved circulation of drilling fluid is attached to the drill string. The upper body part that can be attached, and the lower body part that has a drill bit installed. It consists of The upper body has a hollow structure and communicates with the drill string to allow drilling. It is designed to allow circulation fluid for cutting to pass through. The lower body part is hollow in the upper body part. There are multiple passages extending from the lower body part, and these passages extend outward from the lower body part. , terminates near the conical portion of the drill bit. Flow response means in the upper body It is rotatably installed in the hollow part and moves through the passage according to the speed of the circulating drilling fluid. By intermittently opening and closing the flow of drilling fluid, high-speed fluid is directed downward intermittently. The liquid is supplied through the drill bit and discharged to the outside of the drill bit, crossing the flow of liquid to remove the excavated material. This improves the effect of removing hair.

Additional embodiments provide means for substantially exploiting fluid transients; This fluid transient phenomenon is caused by an intermittent blockage of fluid flow through the lower body passageway. Occurs due to

The description in this section is provided as a summary of the invention. Specifics regarding the present invention The specific features are described in the claims, description of structure and operation, and are included in the description of the invention. This will be explained with reference to a preferred embodiment.

Brief description of the drawing FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway side view of a preferred embodiment of the drill bit according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the flows of drilling fluid cross.

FIG. 2 shows flow direction regulating means and rotating means used in an embodiment of the present invention. It is a side view which shows a fixed blade and a rotating blade.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line 3-3 in FIG. 1, showing the lower body of the drill bit body. Passages passing through are provided at eight locations in the circumferential direction at regular intervals.

Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the rotor of the rotating means, taken along a plane including line 4-4 in Figure 1. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the arc size and position of the flow blocking element.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 4, showing the location and size of another embodiment of the flow blocking element; FIG.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIGS. 5 and 4, showing another embodiment of the flow blocking element; It is a figure explaining the position and size of.

FIG. 7 is a partially cutaway side view of another embodiment of the drill bit according to the present invention. Thus, the drill bit is equipped with means for substantially exploiting the effects of fluid transients. It is growing.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT FIG. 1 shows a drill bit D according to the present invention that improves the circulation power of drilling fluid. There is. The drill bit D in FIG. Indicates the state in progress. Another embodiment D-1 of the drill bit is shown in FIG. This will be explained after the drill bit D is explained. Drill bit D is is attached to the end of the drill string, the entirety of which is designated by the symbol S. Typical Dori As an example of the configuration of a drill string S, a series of drill pipes are screwed together. from the surface drilling rug to the downward drill string. down to the drill bit D attached to the bottom of the drill string and the end of the drill string. An example is one in which the two are mechanically connected to form a passage inside. drill strip The final joint of the ring S may be a drill bit connection joint, or a drill bit connection joint. It may also be a heavy type digging pipe known as a lar. The end of drill string S , drill pipe, drill bit connecting joint or drill collar. Also, these joints are located at the “box” end of the internal thread, indicated by (10). It is terminated. The drill bit D of the preferred embodiment of the present invention has a drill string. It is screwed into the internal threaded end (10) of the plug S. This type of drill string S The interior is hollow and extends from the surface rigging to the drill bit and is used for drilling as is known in the art. Drilling water, ie, drilling fluid, is allowed to flow into the drill bit D.

The drill bit D in a preferred embodiment of the present invention is a C- It has a structure that can effectively remove excavated objects such as No. 1 and C-2. Drill bit D has an upper or first substantially cylindrical main body (lla) and a lower or second substantially cylindrical main body (lla). It consists of a body part (llb), an upper body part (lla) and a lower body part (llb). They are connected as one. The upper body part (lla) has a truncated conical shape, and has an outer inner part. A threaded portion is formed on the tapered surface (12a), and the threaded portion is formed on the inside of the bottom of the drill string S. It is screwed into the threaded end (10). The upper body part (lla) has a hole (14) inside. The cylindrical inner wall (12b) of the hole is connected to the flat circular surface (12c) at the bottom. ing. The hole (14) has a cylindrical inner wall (12b) and a flat circular bottom (12c). The outfit consists of The lower body part (llb) is formed integrally with the upper body part (lla), and has a substantially cylindrical shape. It is equipped with a lower body main part (15a), and the main part has a certain distance at three places in the circumferential direction. Three support legs (15b) are provided to protrude downward at intervals. In Figure 1, the support Although only one leg (15b) is shown in the diagram, there are actually three supporting legs (15b). , are arranged at angular intervals of 120 degrees around the bottom of the lower body main part (15a). ing.

A conventional support leg (15b) supports a conical cutter (16) on an internal support surface (15c). It is installed on top of the drill string so that it can rotate with the rotation of the drill string S. There is. The conical cutter (16) is usually mounted by sealed bearings. , the drill bit is rotated in response to the rotation of the drill string to dig underground. I am making it possible to delete it. There are many patents related to the mounting structure of conical cutters. However, the present inventor has disclosed the structure of the bearing and seal for mounting the conical cutter. Nos. 3,216,514, 4,114,705 and 3,897,836. cite the issue as a reference.

The lower body part (llb) has three holes shaped downward at regular intervals in the circumferential direction. The nozzle land portion (17) is included. The land has a nozzle surface on the bottom. (17a) and placed between each support leg (15b) of the conical cutter (16). be done. There are passages (18a), (18b), (18c) inside the lower body part (llb). ) and flow between the hole (14) in the upper body part and the bottom part B below the drill bit D. I try to communicate with my body. The passage (18a) shown in FIG. 1 and the passage (18a) shown in FIG. The upper openings (19b) of the passages (18a) to (18c) are connected to the holes (14) in the upper body. ) is connected to the circular bottom (12c) of the The passages (18a) to (18c) are each As shown in Figure 1, it extends downward in an S-shape, and an opening (19a) is located at each run. It terminates at the land surface (17a) of the do portion (17). The passage is circular in cross section, and The end opening (19a) is fitted with a nozzle insert (20) for fluid compression. I'm being kicked. The nozzle insert (20) is narrowed in diameter and discharges from each passage. The speed of the muddy water is increased. In FIG. 1, the passageway (18a) The flow direction of the muddy water exiting the tank is indicated by an arrow (21). Drilling fluid flows through the passage (18a ) to (18c) and reaches the peripheral area of the conical cutter (16) and then The direction is directed upward and flows through the recess between the three support legs (15b).

If the excavated material C-1 is not removed sufficiently, the excavated material will be reused by the drill bit. This results in poor excavation efficiency and reduced excavation efficiency. So, the book The inventive drill bit D has a means F responsive to fluid flow in the hole (14) in the upper body. It is located inside. This response means is adapted to the drilling flow entering the hole (14) in the upper body. By intermittently opening and closing the passages (18a) to (18c) in response to the speed of the body. , directing the drilling fluid outward from at least one of the nozzles (18a) to (18c). The liquid is supplied intermittently, the flow direction of the liquid is crossed and circulated, and the rotating drill bit D The excavated material is contained in the liquid and can be removed effectively. Ru.

Drilling fluid flows from the passage of the drill string S through the drill bit D and out from the nozzle. It flows in the opposite direction. In the illustrated embodiment, the drilling fluid is circulated downwards. and pass through the passage of the drill string S to the hole (14) in the upper body of the drill bit D. is released from the passages (18a) to (18c) and sent to the bottom B of the excavated hole. It will be done. A new excavation hole is created by scraping off soil etc. with a conical cutter (16). It is made to. The flow response means F causes the passages (18a) to (18c) to At least one is alternately opened and closed, and the pressure of the fluid flowing through the passages (18a) to (18c) It increases power and increases speed. The flow response means F is represented by the symbol (25). The rotation means (25) are arranged in the hole (14) in the upper body part. and rotate in response to the flow of drilling fluid entering the container. are doing. In FIGS. 4 to 6, the rotating means is a flow It is equipped with a blocking means and is rotatably arranged together with the rotating means (25). flow The blocking means (26) is for intermittently blocking the flow, and the rotating means (25) rotates. When this happens, two or one of the flows in the passages (18a) to (18c) is shut off. sign A flow direction regulating means represented by (27) is provided upstream of the rotating means, and the drilling fluid is oriented so that it collides with the rotating means (25), so that the rotating means can be rotated. are doing.

The rotating means (25) is a cylindrical rotor (25a), and the upper end of the rotor is rounded. It has a nice shape. The rotating rotor (25a) has a cylindrical shape, and the rotor (25a) has a cylindrical shape. An annular space is formed between the outer surface and the inner wall (12b) of the hole (14) in the upper body part. There is. The rotating rotor (25a) has a thrust and radial bearing mounting member (25a). 8) is rotatably mounted in the hole (14). The mounting member (28) is It is buried in the lower body part and extends upward from the center of the circular bottom surface (12e) of the hole (14). It stands out. The mounting member (28) is arranged in a recess at the bottom of the rotor (25a). The bearing support member (25) is received by the bearing support member (25). ) cooperates with the thrust and radial bearing mounting member (28) to rotate the rotor. It constitutes a means for rotatably attaching the.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the rotor (25a) is spaced at regular intervals on the circumference. A plurality of vanes (30) are provided, and the vanes (vanes) are connected to the rotor (25a). ) protrudes radially outward from the outer surface of the rotor (25a) and the inner wall (12b). It extends through the annular space formed between the two. The blade (30) is the rotor (25a) The fluid collision surface (30a) is provided at a predetermined interval on the outer periphery of the drilling fluid. By receiving this, the blades are driven and the rotor (25a) is given rotational motion. That's what I do.

The flow direction regulating means (27) includes a first fixed mounting ring (31a) and a second fixed mounting ring. The attached ring (31b) is provided with the same axis, and there are a plurality of fixed wings between both rings. A root (32) is attached by welding or the like. The fixed vanes (32) extend in the radial direction. and straddles the first and second fixed attachment rings (31a) (31b). each feather The fluid collision surface (32a) of the root (32) is the fluid collision surface (30a) of the rotating blade (30). ), and the direction is regulated by the fixed blade surface (32a). The excavating fluid collides with the rotating blade surface (30a), causing rotational movement to the rotor (25a). can give.

The concentric mounting ring (31a) and mounting ring (31b) cooperate with the fixed vane (32). The same action constitutes a fixed blade attachment means, and the drilling fluid is attached to the rotating blade (30). The blade (32) is fixed so that it flows in the direction in which it collides with the blade. Use the set screw to remove Screw the side mounting ring (31a) and the top of the upper body part (lla), and then tighten the mounting ring. The ring (31a) and the mounting ring (31b) are held in place. Fixed blade ( 32) is located in the annular space between the rotor and the cylindrical inner wall (12b) of the hole (14). The fluid entering the annular space is regulated in a diagonally downward direction, and the rotating blade ( 30) to give rotation to the rotor. Fixed blades are fixed The vortex flows towards the rotor blades, and then towards the rotor (2). 5a) and the inner wall (12b) to continue flowing downward, and the passage (L8a) The fluid is sent toward the first opening (19b) of (18c).

The flow blocking means (26) shown in FIG. 1 is provided at the bottom of the rotor (25a) and radially outward from the rotor toward the annular space between the rotor and the inner wall (12b) of the hole (14). It protrudes in the direction, rotates together with the rotor, and rotates through the passages (18a) to (18c). At least one passageway is intermittently blocked. Flow blocking means (26) of various shapes are shown in FIGS. 4 to 6. The flow interruption means includes at least one radially extending It also has a flange or protrusion. In FIG. 4, the protrusion is indicated by the symbol (2). 6a) (26b), between the rotor (25a) and the inner wall (12b) Extending radially outward within the annular space. Referring to FIG. 4, the protrusion (26 a) (26b) each have an arc of approximately 45 degrees. 12 between the two protrusions An interval corresponding to an arc of 0 degrees is provided.

Due to the rotation of the rotor (25a), the protrusions (26a) (26b) Since two ports from 8a) to (18c) are covered at once, there is no flow. The body concentrates on the passageway left open, increasing the fluid pressure flowing through that passageway, The flow within this passage can be strengthened. In this way, the pressure of the flow in the passage was increased. As a result, the drilling fluid exiting the temporarily opened passage (18a) (see Figure 1) Flow directions can be crossed. As a result, the fluid flows in the direction indicated by the arrow (21). The removal effect of the excavated materials C-1 and C-2 can be enhanced.

Referring to FIG. 5, another embodiment of the flow blocking means (26) is shown, in which the arc angle It has a 45 degree protrusion (26a) and a protrusion (26c) with an arc angle larger than 45 degrees. are doing.

Referring to Figure 6, a single protrusion (26d) is shown, the arc of this protrusion is greater than 120 degrees but less than 180 degrees. In either embodiment, the The passages (18a) to (18c) are alternately opened and closed by the rotation of the motor (25a). By intermittently concentrating the flow in one or two of the two passages, e.g. For example, increasing the pressure and speed of the fluid flowing in an open channel such as (18a) Can be done. As a result, the fluid flow crosses and exerts a large force against the bottom of the wellbore. Fluids can collide. Therefore, the excavation effect can be improved.

In order to generate pressure and speed according to excavation conditions, the number of protrusions and the arc This can be accommodated by changing the size, but these changes are not included within the scope of the present invention. It is something that can be done.

The advantages of the present invention can be expressed by the formula shown below, which is Applicable to circulation of drilling mud during hole drilling. Mud water is kept constant by a positive displacement pump flow from the drill string towards the drill bit. Therefore, the flow path When a fluid is flowing through a hollow part, the flow rate is always constant, and the following formula Can be intertwined. The jet velocity of the fluid flowing in the passage (jet veloc) ity) increases as An becomes smaller.

Therefore, as the injection speed increases, the injection impact force increases as follows.

If=0.000516. c+ Q~71 However, the meanings of the symbols are as follows .

Q: Circulation amount (gpm) p: (low) Mud water weight (lb/gal) 〇: Nozzle area (in”) vn: injection speed (ft/5ec) If: Injection impact force (1b) In this way, the maximum hydraulic energy obtained from a constant flow rate is utilized to By letting muddy water flow out intermittently from the Zuru, even greater impact force and speed can be generated. This allows the excavated material to be circulated with greater force. muddy water drilling hole Because it collides with the bottom of the hole with a large impact force and high speed, it is difficult to hit the bottom of the hole. It is possible to change the direction and achieve a so-called cross-flow flow. .

Next, a second embodiment D-1 of the drill bit with increased circulation force is shown in Fig. 7. . This second embodiment is designated by the reference numeral D-1, but has the same elements as the first embodiment. will be explained using the same numbers.

Close the valve quickly to abruptly stop fluid flow, and do more than just act as a valve closing effect. Increasing pressure by creating fluid transients has never been done before. Are known. This fluid transient is a phenomenon in which pressure is reduced by suddenly closing a valve. A wave is generated and this pressure wave travels upstream, blocking reflections from any reflective surface. This refers to the phenomenon of disconnection. This fluid transient phenomenon occurs in any of the passages (18a) to (18c). can be generated in the drill bit D by suddenly blocking the passage . The pressure wave due to this fluid transient phenomenon propagates through the inner equation (14). circulation dori Rubit's second embodiment D-1 has the main features of the first embodiment, and Reflected pressure created by blocking fluid flowing through any passageway within the tool body It further includes means for substantially utilizing the effects of waves.

Referring to FIG. 7, the drill bit D-1 is the same as the drill bit D of the first embodiment. It can be attached to the drill string S in the same manner. de The drill string S is a box for receiving the main body (50) of the drill bit D-1. It has a female thread (10). The main body (50) has a truncated conical shape. The upper body part (50a) has a tapered surface (50b) that tapers upward. It forms a threaded portion and is screwed into the female thread (10) of the drill string S. Main body ( 50) further includes an intermediate body portion (50c) and a lower body portion (50d). Main body The parts (50a), (50c), and (50d) are integrally formed, and are usually made of forged steel. It is made by machining from a roll part.

The lower body part (llb) is the same as the lower body part (llb) of the drill bit D in the first embodiment. 50d), three support legs (15b) are placed downward at regular intervals in the circumferential direction. It is installed protrudingly. Although one support leg (15b) L is not shown in Fig. 7, it is actually In this case, there are 120 degree intervals around the bottom of the lower body part (50d) in the circumferential direction. It should be understood that three support legs (15b) are provided. in the field As is known, each support leg (15b) has a conical cutter (16). Mounted by sealed bearings and responds to rotation of drill string S Then, the drill bit D-1 rotates so that soil or the like can be excavated.

The lower body portion (50d) has nozzle lands at three locations at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction. (17) protrudes downward, and the bottom nozzle surface (17a) is connected to the support leg (15b). ) is located between.

The hole indicated by the symbol (51) opens the inside of the upper body part (50a) and the middle body part (50c). Hollow holes in the drill string formed by machining and described below and the bottom of the drilled hole. The hole (51) is located in the upper body part (5) of the drill bit. 0a) upper hole portion (51a), lower hole portion or intermediate hole portion (51a) of the intermediate body portion (50c) b). Referring to the cross-sectional view of FIG. 7, the upper hole portion (51a) is approximately circular. The cylindrical portion (52a) gathers and stores on the truncated surface portion (52b) of the inverted cone. It's bundled. The intermediate hole portion (51b) is formed from a substantially cylindrical wall (53a), and its The bottom part is a circular surface (53b).

In the upper part of the intermediate hole part (51b), there is further a ledge (le) indicated by the symbol (53c). dge) portion, and the ledge portion is annular and has an inverted truncated conical hole. (52b). Hole portion (51b) in the intermediate body portion or lower body portion The inner diameter of the cylindrical wall portion (53a) is equal to the diameter of the cylindrical portion (52a) of the upper hole portion (51a). Almost equal. Note that the center line of the main body (50) is indicated by the symbol (54), and this 1a) Same as (51b).

The passages (55a) are provided at multiple locations, and each passage is provided in a circle at the bottom of the intermediate hole (51b). An opening passes through the lower body part (50d) from the shaped surface (53b) to the surface of the land part (17). are doing. Referring to the cross-sectional view of FIG. 7, the passage (55a) is formed in an S-shape, Pass through the rest of the tool body from the inner holes (51a) and (51b) and into the drilled hole B. Allows fluid to flow. In the best mode of the embodiment, passages are provided in three locations. However, only one passageway (55a) is shown in FIG. however, In the same way as in the case of the passages (18a) to (18c) shown in the first embodiment of FIG. It is understood that the passages are formed at three locations in the circumferential direction at intervals of 120 degrees. Should be. At the end of each passage (55a), there is a description of the first embodiment. The nozzle (20) is arranged as shown in FIG. Each passage (55a) is as shown in Fig. 3. The center point (55b) of each passage is the same as the bottom (53b). lies within the plane.

Next, the annular ledge portion (53c) of the intermediate hole portion (51b) will be specifically explained. . Referring to the cross-sectional view of the annular surface (53c) in FIG. 7, the surface (53c) has two locations. It is shown.

The shape of each surface is a parabolic reflective surface or a paraboloid. The paraboloid (53c) is the following paraboloid This is a part of a parabola obtained based on the line formula.

y”=4ax Note that a is the focal point of the parabola, and X and y are the coordinates. The X coordinate is actually the center line (5 4), and the X coordinate is perpendicular to the center line (54). Paraboloid (53c) The focal point a is the center where the aperture (55a) intersects the bottom surface (53b) Set on the line (56) connecting the point (55b) and the vertex of the curved surface part (53c) of the parabola. Let's go. This line (56) is also the axis of the passage (5Sa). In the cross-sectional view in Figure 7 , the paraboloid is only shown in two places, but in reality there is a paraboloid around the center line (54). It is formed as an annular surface. The reason for creating a paraboloid in an annular shape is to form a reflective surface. By this, transient pressure rges) and directs a portion of the surge pressure to the focus (55b) of the passage (55a). This is to reflect the light toward the target. This configuration prevents transient surges. The pressure is reflected back into the passageway (55a) and remains open unless blocked by something. Sent outward from the road.

Also in Example D-1, a flow direction regulating means (27) can be provided. style The direction regulating means (27) includes an outer first fixing ring (31a) provided concentrically. and the inner second fixing ring (31b) are provided with the same axis, and there is a space between both rings. A plurality of fixed blades (32) are attached by welding or the like. Fixed blade (32) extends in the radial direction and straddles the first and second mounting rings (31a) and (31b). ing.

The flow rotation means (60) is a rotor (61), which rotor has an upper hole (51a). and (51b) in response to the fluid passing through the flow direction regulating means (27). I'm trying to make it rotate in response to the answer. The rotor (61) is formed in a funnel shape, and has an upper rotor. It consists of a rotor part (61a) and a lower rotor part (61b). Upper rotor part (61a) A dome-shaped or rounded upper end portion (61c) is protruded from the upper end. Upper end (61C ) is fitted into the inner ring (31b) of the flow direction regulating means (27).

The upper rotor part (61a) has a substantially cylindrical shape, and is connected to the midpoint of the minimum diameter. There is. The position of this intermediate point is located at the intersection of the upper hole part (51a) and the lower hole part (51b). This plane passes through an annular paraboloid (53c). Lower rotor section ( 61b) has a funnel-like shape and consists of a small diameter upper part and a substantially cylindrical lower part. It will be done. The lower end of the lower rotor part (61b) has a protruding part (26) indicated by the symbol (26). It is installed so that the flow can be blocked. This protrusion (26) is similar to the embodiment. As already explained, this is the same as the protrusion as a flow blocking means. Furthermore The installation of the rotor (61) is the same as that of the rotor (25) in the example. Yes, the rotor (61) has a thrust and radial bearing mounting member (28). It is rotatably provided in the prepared hole portion (51b) through the hole. The mounting member (28) , buried in the lower body part, facing upward from the center of the circular surface (53b) of the bottom hole part (51b). It stands out. The mounting member (28) has a recess installed in the bottom of the lower rotor part (61b). The rotor (61) is fitted with a hollow support bearing, and the rotor (61) is mounted on the bottom radial section. rotatable by the cylindrical inner wall of the material (28) and the concentric ring (31b) at the top. Deployed to capacity. The rotor (61) has a plurality of blades (63) in the upper rotor part (61a). is arranged around the rotor (25) in the same way as the rotational movement of the rotor (25) in Figs. , the rotor is sloped so that it can be rotated in response to fluid flow.

As already explained in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 6, the fluid flow is concentrated and the pressure is In order to increase speed, the drill bit D is inserted into the passages (18a) to (18e). The structure allows fluid to pass through one of the passages, and the fluid flows through the bottom of the drilled hole B. It is possible to collide with a larger force against the ground, change the flow in the lateral direction, and increase the digging force. Wear. The shape of the protrusion of the flow blocking means (26) has already been shown in FIGS. 3 to 6. As explained with reference to. In all shapes, the fluid flows through at least one channel. The flow is intermittently in the passage, and the other passages are provided by the protrusion indicated by the reference numeral (26c) in Figure 5. is blocked. In the case of the embodiment of the present invention, the protrusion (26c) is located in the passageway (55a). When the fluid reaches the bottom, fluid flow through that passage is blocked, creating a pressure surge wave that The pressure wave advances upstream, and the reflection from the annular paraboloid (53c) stops. this After the pressure surge reflects many times between reflective surfaces, it disappears. These pressure waves A part of the passage enters the passage opening (19b) and is not blocked at that point, so the passage is not blocked. The flow of paths (55a) to (55e) can be strengthened.

When a transient pressure surge or pressure wave occurs, one or more passages (55a) The pressure created by blocking the flow of liquid can be increased. .

This can be shown by the following formula.

The meaning of each symbol is as follows.

a: Speed of pressure wave (ft/5ec) K: bulk modulus of fluid (lb/ft") ρ: density of west-1 fluid (lb/ft" ) Δ: Minute change amount H: Pressure (head, feet) g: Gravitational acceleration (ft/5ec”) ■Velocity of two fluids (ft/5ee) According to these formulas, the pressure and flow velocity within the passages (55a) to (55c) are It increases not only due to the blockage of flowing fluid, but also due to the generated pressure surge. .

The annular paraboloid (53c) has a radius from the cylindrical wall (53a) of the intermediate hole (51b). It is formed so that it faces inward, and when it receives a pressure surge or pressure wave, it recoils downward. (as seen in the drawing), and the focal point (55b) at the center of each passageway (55a). concentrate these pressure waves. The annular surface (53a) and the passage arranged around the axis I'm trying to make sure that it's almost the same.

To concentrate the pressure wave at the focal point (55b), a parallel wave reflected by the paraboloid is used. is based on the established scientific principle of passing through the focus of a paraboloid. 3 An annular paraboloid (53a ), part of the pressure surge is reflected towards its focus. If the passage is open, the reflected wave will go out through the passage.

As a result, fluid transient phenomena within the intermediate hole (51b) are prevented from occurring in the passages (55a) to (55). c) Channelization of the fluid flow exiting the body after passing through nelization) rate is further improved. As the channelization of the flow increases , the cross-flow rate will be even greater, and the excavated material will be more efficient during drilling operations. If so, it can be sent out through the annular section.

The foregoing disclosure and description of the invention is illustrative, with respect to size, shape and materials. Various modifications can be made. Furthermore, the illustrated structure also applies to the finer points of the present invention. It can be done without departing from God. For example, the illustrated drill bit book The body is cone-shaped with three legs. However, the drill bit of the present invention , a roughly cylindrical drill bit body such as a diamond bit, or a polycrystalline diamond A series of stacks with compact surfaces of It can also be applied to polycrystalline diamond bits etc.

Although we have explained that the drilling fluid is a liquid, it is also possible to use a gas such as air instead of a liquid. Also, such drilling fluid modifications are within the scope of the present invention. Desirable aspects of the present invention In the embodiment, the drill bit D and the drill bit D-1 are used in oil wells and gas wells. We have talked about vertical boreholes, but oil wells or gas wells Of course, the present invention can be applied to drilling holes in various directions in drilling wells.

Furthermore, the drill bits D and D-1 of the present invention are suitable for mining, drilling oil wells, drilling gas wells. It can also be used for horizontal operations such as forming horizontal holes.

FIG, 3 FIG, 4 FIG.7 Compliance investigation report

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. Can be attached to the end of a drill string to pull the material from the bottom of the hole Drill bit that can improve circulation for powerful removal And, The drill body consists of an upper body part that can be attached to a drill string, and multiple conical cutters. It consists of a lower body part equipped with a The upper body part has a hole that communicates with the hollow part of the drill string, and the drill string The lower body part can receive drilling fluid flowing downward from the lower body. defines at least two passageways through the body, each passageway having a first end opening; and a second end opening, and the passageway communicates with the hole in the upper body portion at the first end opening. extending through the lower body portion to the second end opening; To intermittently open and close the passageway in response to the flow of fluid entering the hole in the upper body. In addition, a flow response means is provided inside the upper body, and the flow is concentrated at high speed. ejecting the fluid by discharging it from the second end of the passageway and delivering it to the end of the wellbore. Increases impact force to enable cross flow circulation and removal of excavated materials. . 2. Can be attached to the end of a drill string to pull the material from the bottom of the hole Drill bit that can improve circulation for powerful removal And, The drill body includes a first body portion attachable to the drill string and a plurality of conical caps. a second main body section equipped with a shutter; The first body part has a hole communicating with the hollow part of the drill string, and the first body part has a hole communicating with the hollow part of the drill string. It is designed to receive the drilling fluid flowing downward from the ring, and the second the body portion of the body portion defines at least two passageways therethrough, each passageway defining a first passageway; an end opening and a second end opening, and the passageway is connected to the first body at the first end opening. a hole in the second body portion and extending through the second body portion to the second end opening; for intermittently opening and closing the passageway in response to the flow of fluid entering the hole in the first body portion; In order to achieve this, a flow response means is provided inside the first main body, and the flow is concentrated at high speed. The fluid is discharged from the second end of the passageway and directed to the end of the wellbore. Increasing the jet impact force to enable cross flow circulation and removal of excavated materials. Ori, The flow responsive means is provided in the first body portion and rotates in response to fluid entering the hole. a rotating means attached to the rotating means, and when the rotating means rotates, the rotating hand Equipped with a flow blocking means that rotates with the stage to intermittently block the fluid flowing through the passage. A pressure surge reflecting means is provided in the hole of the first body part, and a flow blocking means is provided in the passageway. of the pressure surges generated in the hole by intermittent blocking of the fluid flowing through it. At least some of them are made substantially available.