JPH01500301A - keyboard instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/FR87/00198 Sec. 371 Date Jan. 29, 1988 Sec. 102(e) Date Jan. 29, 1988 PCT Filed Jun. 3, 1987 PCT Pub. No. WO87/07746 PCT Pub. Date Dec. 17, 1987.Each muffler (6) is individually subjected to a separable pair of sollicitation means (9, 10) of which one of them (10) depends on the harmonic bar (11) and of which the other one (9) depends from the muffler (6); also provided is a so-called harmonic pedal which actuates the harmonic bar (11) in order to space apart the assembly of mufflers (6) from the set of strings (7), the simultaneous depression of the harmonic pedal and of a key (1) causing the separation of the pair of sollicitation means (9, 10) with respect to the muffler (6) of the string (7) corresponding to said key (1).

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] New ways of playing keyboard instruments, percussion instruments, etc., and implementing new ways of playing them. Suitable Pedal Mechanism The present invention is suitable for playing 911 stringed instruments or similar instruments. A new playing method, and a pedal mechanism suitable for implementing such a new playing method. Regarding.

Here, the same type of instrument mentioned earlier is 1. For example, it has a sound that resembles the sound of a normal percussion instrument. Refers to electronic musical instruments etc. that can be played.

When players play traditional musical instruments, they use the following playing techniques: .

First, one of these playing methods is the ``staccato'' playing method, in which the player The keystroke sound disappears immediately when you take your finger off the key.

Next is a playing method that uses a damper pedal, and when the pedal is depressed, the player will release the key. The sound of the keys resonates even after you release your fingers.

And the last one is a playing method using a tonal pedal, and when you step on the pedal, , the chord you hit will be "held" and will resonate with the notes you play afterwards.

However, both the weak tone pedal and tone pedal.

There are restrictions on use. As explained earlier, the tone pedal can only "hold" a single chord. Please refer to Figure 1 and the following for restrictions on the use of the weak tone pedal. This will be explained below with reference to the example words shown in FIG.

Each of the half notes of the bass note shown in the score in Figure 1 corresponds to a one-dispersion chord; All notes shown form part of the harmony. Therefore, in this surface configuration, If the damper pedal is used as indicated by the letter P in the figure, no dissonance will occur.

In the word example shown in Figure 2, there is one chord in each measure, but in this example, , when the damper pedal is depressed, a dissonant sound is produced due to the grace note indicated by the arrow in the figure. Jiru. This dissonance can be played without a damper pedal or by This can be prevented by depressing the damper pedal eight times. However, the damper If you take the latter solution of depressing the pedal eight times, the content of the performance will be unsatisfactory.

Therefore, the present invention provides a new performance method and the possibility of creating music that was not possible before. Its purpose is to enhance sexuality.

According to the present invention, the effect of the damper pedal is applied to the previously pressed note. On the other hand, the effect of the damper pedal can be interrupted for the next keystroke. This is achieved by

To implement the method of the present invention using an electronic musical instrument, memory may be used; Memory performance is based on the technical knowledge of tone pedal engineers. Memory that can be configured is sufficient.

On the other hand, in the case of ordinary musical instruments, the implementation means is mechanical.

A typical musical instrument has, for example, - pairs of strings, these strings are connected to hammers that are connected to keys. is struck by. Each string is equipped with a muffler, and when inactive, the string While it suppresses the vibration of the string by pressing against it, it moves away from the first string when activated. . This muffler is a common damper called a tamper-eight driven by a damper pedal. When the par is activated, all of them operate, but the movement depends on the pressing condition of each key. The spoon-shaped locking piece, which controls the When activated, only the silencers corresponding to the locking pieces operate individually.

When playing such instruments, players use the following playing methods.

One of the playing methods is to vibrate only the string that corresponds to the key that is struck. In this case, the muffler is further away from the string, so as long as the player keeps the key depressed, the string will not vibrate. However, all other strings are in pressure contact with their respective mufflers. Does not vibrate.

The other playing method is to keep the damper pedal depressed and play the key corresponding to the key you hit. This is a playing method that causes the strings to vibrate and the bass strings to resonate. In addition, you can also shake by pressing the key. The moving strings continue to vibrate even after the player removes his or her fingers from the keys.

In the present invention, the mufflers are individually and independently driven by the driving means. and, Of the two members that make up the drive means, one is a harmonic bar and the other is a muffler. In addition to installing a so-called harmonic pedal, The monic bar is driven to move a muffler consisting of multiple mufflers away from a set of strings. move to position. At this time, press the key at the same time as you press the harmonic pedal. Then, the two members of the drive means that drive the silencer of the string corresponding to the avoidance are separated from each other. do.

Therefore, when you press the harmonic pedal, the strings corresponding to the keys you hit will move in the same way as the keys you hit. It will continue to vibrate as long as it remains in the same state.

The muffler then creates overtones in the bass strings that resonate with the vibrations of the strings connected to the pressed keys. while eliminating the keystroke sound. Therefore, when you step on such a harmonic pedal, Once you get the hang of it, you can play the same harmonic chord without having to return to its original position after each grace note. Since you can play the -z completely, you can maintain the sharpness of the sound.

The above explanation will become clear by referring to Figure 3. The sounds indicated by the arrows in Figure 0 are grace notes. , that is, they are transitional tones, and these tones are part of the three or four constituent tones that make up the harmony. This is an unrelated sound. Immediately after these sounds are generated, they are silenced by a muffler. In the example shown, the harmonic pedal By using , you can play bass notes in a staccato manner.

In conventional pianos, each muffler is supported by a muffler support member.

In one embodiment of the invention, the harmony, kuva, is centered on its longitudinal axis. and rotate. Each drive means is provided protruding from the circumferential surface of the harmonic bar. , an escape spring that repeatedly engages and disengages from the escape spring attached to the muffler support member. It consists of a scape nut. To drive all of the muffler support members, use the Harmonic Use the pedal. In other words, when you press the same pedal, the harmonic bar, The spring nut and escape spring operate to drive all of the muffler support members.

On the other hand, while pressing the harmonic pedal, press the key to lock the spoon shape. When a piece is driven, only the muffler support member corresponding to the driven locking piece is driven independently. The escape nut and escape spring corresponding to the key lock it together. The condition is resolved. After that, even if you take your finger off the previous key, the escape nut and It does not reunite with Cape Spring.

The harmonic pedal is the Miki pedal (Dan) that is installed on conventional pianos. It may be installed separately from the per pedal, soft pedal, tonal pedal), but It is particularly preferable to configure one pedal with a damper pedal and a harmonic pedal. Also, with the harmonic pedal, you can press the pedal halfway down, or press it fully. It is possible to set all pedals to the harmonic position with the pedals halfway and the keys pressed. When you press a key, the locking piece engages with the muffler support member, while all pedals are set to the soft position. When this is done, the damping rod prevents the muffler support member from moving toward the forward side.

When in the harmonic position, the drive means provided in each muffler is activated by pressing the corresponding key. When you lock the key, the two components move away from each other, and when you take your finger off the key, the sound is silenced. The child touches the string and eliminates the sound of the keystroke. On the other hand, when the damper pedal is in the Even if you press the key and then release your finger, the muffler remains separated from the string.

The combination pedal, which can also be called a comprehensive pedal, operates from the damper position when it is fully depressed. , it is possible to freely shift to the harmonic position in which it is pressed halfway, but in this case , all notes struck in the damper position will continue to be played when the keys are moved to the harmonic position. Because it resonates, it is possible to produce the effect obtained with a tonal pedal, Its effect is better than traditional pedals. With conventional pedals, you have to press the key when operating the pedal. However, in the present invention, the tonal function is An entire chord or multiple chord tones can be made to resonate.

The present invention will be more clearly understood by reading the following description with reference to the accompanying drawings. cormorant.

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the mechanism according to the present invention applied to an upright piano. The structure is shown in an inactive or resting state.

Figure 5 shows a state in which the combined pedal is depressed to the harmonic position without pressing any keys. FIG. 4 is a diagram similar to FIG.

Figure 6 shows when the combination pedal is pressed to the harmonic position and the key is pressed. A diagram similar to FIG. 5 showing the condition.

Figure 7 shows the state of the poem when the player has removed his fingers from the keyboard from the state of Figure 6. figure.

Figure 8 shows the state in which the combination pedal is depressed to the damper position without pressing any keys. A diagram similar to Figure 5.

When the key 1 shown in FIG. 4 is pressed, a spoon-shaped locking piece 3 is activated and engages with the muffler support member 4. This muffler support member 4 holds the bottle 5 inside. It swings as a center and supports the muffler 6 at its tip.

In the figure, the muffler 6 is shown in contact with the string 7. On the other hand, the muffler support member 4 , is connected to one end of the support member 13 via a joint ring 8 which is a connecting member. rod support The member 13 has an escape spring 9 at its other end. 9 cooperates with the escape nut 10 attached to the circumference of the "harmonic bar" 11. do. Note that the harmonic bar 11 rotates in one direction around its longitudinal axis. move. In addition, apart from the harmonic bar 11, there is a A "damper bar" 12 is provided, and when the combined pedal (not shown) is depressed about halfway, When the pedal is in the "half-pedal" state, the harmonic bar mentioned earlier is activated. , from the "half-pedal" state to the "full pedal" state, which is the state where the pedal is fully depressed. When the damper bar 12 is set to the "dull" state, the damper bar 12 operates.

As shown in Figure 5, put the combined pedal in the "half-pedal" state (harmonic position). Then, the harmonic bar 11 rotates by an angle α in the direction shown by the arrow F1 in the figure, and the The escape nut lO comes into contact with the escape spring 9. When it comes into contact with the As the spring 9 is deflected downward, the resulting force is first applied to the escape spring 9. It propagates to the pulling support member 13 and then to the muffler support member 4. And earlier When a force is applied to the muffler support member 4, the muffler support member 4 swings around the bottle 5, and The muffler 6 supported at the tip of the string is separated from the string 7.

From the state shown in Fig. 5, if you press LdIl as shown in Fig. 6, the spoon-shaped The locking piece 3 locks on the muffler support member 4. And as a result, escape spree 9 escapes) ・The muffler from earlier until it leaves lO and returns to the original body position n. The support member 4 further rotates around the bottle 5'.

In FIG. 6, the locking piece 3 locks the muffler support member 4, but from this state When you press the key (see Figure 7), the locked state is released and the muffler 6 hits the string 7 again. As a result, the string 7 stops vibrating. Then, the muffler 6 returns to its original resting position. Then, escape spring 9 appears to jump over escape nut 10. to return to the original position. Here, a locking member operatively connected to the pressed key l Only the escape spring 9 involved in 3 is initially beyond the escape nut lO. The other locking parts 3a, 3b, 3c, etc. that are not involved return to the position of . are held as they are in the position of the locking member 3 shown in FIG. Escape springs 9a, 9b, 9c, corresponding to materials 3a, 3b, 3c... ... is still in contact with the escape nara) 10a, 10b, 10c, etc. held. Therefore, the escape spring and escape nut are in contact with each other. The silencers 6a, 6b, 6C... 7C... is maintained in a separated state and does not touch the same string, and the locking part Materials 3a, 3b, 3cm, muffler 6a.

6b, 6cm--5th string 7a, 7b, 7cm, escape spring 9a, 9b, 9c..., escape nut 10a.

10b, 10c, etc. are not shown in the figure, but in order to deepen the understanding of the present invention, Added an appendix to the explanation.

From the previous state, as shown in Figure 8, when the combined pedal is fully depressed (the damper position), the damper bar 12 moves in the direction of arrow F3 in the figure, and the damper bar 12 moves to the muffler support member 4 to attend. As a result, the silencing support member 4 pushed by the damper bar 12 swings again. At the same time, the harmonic bar 11 rotates in the direction of arrow F4. This da In the damper position, even if you press key 1 and then release your finger, the muffler 6 will not sound. , the string remains separated from the string.

The present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment, and is not limited to the upright piano mentioned in the example. Of course, it can also be applied to a grand piano.

The application of the present invention to music is extremely important, and its scope of application is wide-ranging as follows. Wander.

For example, when applied to a piece composed using counterpoint, the harmonic pedal The usage of ``is likely to spark debate regarding musical form and interpretation of the work.''

And when playing Romantic music, it is possible to add depth to the sound. be. In other words, in addition to the resonance effect of the damper pedal, it also creates a harmonious effect with sharpness. I can play the knee.

It is also possible to arrange works of classical music for piano, such as classical music. If you rewrite an organ piece that belongs to new discoveries will be made.

It is also possible to start a song in a different way than before, which is useful when creating piano pieces. brings new possibilities to

The present invention can also be applied to existing musical instruments. To apply it, first, have it on hand. A damper bar included in a musical instrument, connected to a harmonic bar based on the structure of the present invention. Then, in place of the damper pedal, the combined pedal of the present invention can be incorporated into the musical instrument. Bye.

F2O3 F2O3 IG3 international search report ANNEX To THE INTERNATIONAf, 5EARCHREE 'ORT ON

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A new instrument that plays a keyboard-struck instrument with a damper pedal or a similar instrument. This is a method that maintains the effectiveness of the damper pedal for the previously struck note. , the effect of the damper pedal can be interrupted for the sound of continued keystrokes. A performance method characterized by. 2. A set of strings 7 that vibrate when the hammer is driven by pressing the key 1, and each of the strings 7 and a muffler 6 mounted on the string 7, and the muffler 6 presses against the string 7 when not in operation. At the same time, when activated, it moves to a position away from the string 7 and damps the vibration. When the common bar 12, which is driven by pressing the per pedal, is driven, the above-mentioned silencing spoons controlled by each of said keys 1 while all of the children 6 operate in unison; When the shaped locking piece 3 is driven, the muffler 6 operates independently. Used in a percussion instrument such as a piano, implementing the novel performance method described in claim 1. In the pedal mechanism, the muffler 6 is independently driven by respective driving means 9 and 10. At the same time, one of the members composing the driving means 9 and 10 is driven by a harmonic The other member 9 is provided on the nick bar 11 and the other member 9 is provided on the muffler 6, respectively. When the pedal is depressed to drive the harmonic bar 11, all of the mufflers 6 are moved forward. The user moved in a direction away from string 7 of the first set and depressed the harmonic pedal. When the key 1 is pressed in this state, the muffler 6 attached to the string 7 corresponding to the key 1 is pressed. characterized in that the two members constituting the driving means 9, 10 for driving are separated from each other. Pedal mechanism. 3. Each of the mufflers 6 is supported by the muffler support member 4, and the muffler 6 is supported by the muffler support member 4, and 11 rotates about its longitudinal axis, and the drive means An air conditioner that is protruded from the circumferential surface of the silencer support member 4 and is attached to the muffler support member 4. The escape nut 10 is provided with an escape nut 10 that can be freely engaged with and detached from the escape spring 9. - When the monic pedal is actuated, the harmonic bar 11, the escape The muffler support member 4 is fully connected via the nut 10 and the escape spring 9. On the other hand, with the harmonic pedal depressed, key 1 is pressed. When the locking piece 3 corresponding to the key 1 is driven, the silencer corresponding to the locking piece 3 is driven. The support members 4 are individually driven, and the muffler support member 4 corresponding to the key 1 The escape nut 10 and the escape spring 9 provided in the Even if the key 1 is released and the key 1 is released, the escape nut 1 is released. 0 and the escape spring 9 do not engage again. The pedal mechanism described in item 2 of the box. 4. The damper pedal and harmonic pedal constitute one pedal, and The combined pedals are in the position of the half-depressed pedal and the fully-depressed full pedal position. It is movable and when the key 1 is pressed in the half-pedal state, which is the harmonic position, The locking piece is lockable to the muffler support member 4, while the locking piece is lockable to the muffler support member 4. When the pedal is in the pedal state, the front of the muffler support member 4 is moved by the damper bar. The pedal according to claim 3, wherein the pedal is prevented from returning to the string 7 side. mechanism.