JPH0149756B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a novel water-swellable water-stopping material that can be filled into gaps in various structures to completely close them and provide effective water-stopping.

More specifically, a water-swellable water-stop material composition that absorbs water and expands its volume is laminated on the outer layer of various core materials and filled into the joints of concrete structures and steel structures. The present invention relates to a water-swelling water-stop material composition used in water-stop construction methods that swells with the inflow of water from the outside to prevent water from entering or completely prevent water from seeping out from the inside.

Conventionally, waterproof materials used in civil engineering and construction work are made of rubber, plastic, bituminous materials, etc., but most of them have adhesive properties but are too soft and sticky, or are not sensitive to temperature. Unfortunately, it becomes too hard in the winter, making it difficult to use. In addition, when used for a long period of time, there is a drawback that the impact resilience decreases and a creep phenomenon occurs, making it difficult to respond to changes in the gap and not achieving a sufficient water-stopping effect.

Recently, organic water-swellable substances have been mixed into water-swellable water-stop material compositions for the purpose of improving the water-stop properties of uncrosslinked rubber water-stop materials. If the blending ratio is small, the water-stopping performance will not be improved sufficiently, and if the blending ratio is high, the dispersion in the rubber matrix will be poor and the strength of the composition will be significantly weakened. Furthermore, there were problems such as hydrolysis, oxidative deterioration and putrefaction of the organic water-swellable substance, reduction in swelling performance due to repeated swelling and drying, and toxicity due to residual low molecular weight components.

Recently, many materials have been used as water-stopping materials for connecting parts of concrete products used in civil engineering construction, such as box skulls and concrete furiums. Water-stopping materials include, for example, those made of elastic soft asphalt, soft adhesive materials mainly made of atactic polypropylene with a semi-hard plastic core material built in, rubber or plastic foams, and the like. There are some that have an adhesive layer provided on the entire or part of the outer periphery.

On the other hand, the connecting parts of concrete products are often of the male-female socket type. Although the dimensions of this connecting part are approximately constant, the dimensional accuracy is not necessarily constant, and problems of water leakage often occur due to poor construction methods, poor ground conditions, and subsidence.

Materials mainly made of the above-mentioned elastic soft asphalt or atactic polypropylene become very hard in the winter due to their temperature-sensitive properties, reducing workability, and become too soft and sticky in the summer, reducing workability in both cases. . Even in the case of rubber or plastic foams, problems with cell structure and compressibility make it difficult to fully absorb dimensional accuracy and unevenness of concrete surfaces. Inadequacies due to the quality of these workability and materials are the cause of water leakage.

The present invention improves the above-mentioned drawbacks and provides a water-stopping material that can prevent water leakage by absorbing differences in dimensional accuracy and construction work conditions through the water-swelling function of the water-stopping material. .

The present invention is a water-swellable water-stopping material comprising a laminate of a string-like core material with high tensile strength and at least a water-swellable waterstopping material composition surrounding the core material, the water-swellable waterstopping material composition comprising: The object of the present invention is to provide a water-swellable water-stopping material made of a rubber mainly composed of recycled rubber, which is blended with 10-20% silicic acid, 10-60% bentonite, and 10-40% plasticizer by weight.

The string-like core material having high tensile strength can be made of hard rubber, hard plastic, metal, or a composite material thereof. Further, the string-like core material having high tensile strength is preferably made of a hollow body, a rod-like body, a string-like body, or a plate-like body.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a cord-like core material with high tensile strength, a water-swellable water-stop material composition layer surrounding the core material, and a part or all of the water-swellable water-stop material composition layer. The water-swellable water-stopping material composition is composed of a laminate with a water-permeable elastic layer such as a coated sponge, and the water-swellable water-stopping material composition contains a rubber mainly composed of recycled rubber and a silicic acid compound in a weight ratio of 10 to 10.
To provide a water-swellable water-stopping material containing 20% bentonite, 10-60% bentonite, and 10-40% plasticizer.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a string-like core material having a high tensile strength, a water-swellable water-stop material composition layer surrounding the core material, and a part of the water-swellable water-stop material composition layer covered with the string-like core material. The water-swellable water-stopping material composition is composed of a laminate with a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, and the water-swellable water-stopping material composition is composed of a rubber mainly composed of recycled rubber, a weight ratio of 10 to 20% silicic acid, 10 to 60% bennite,
To provide a water-swellable waterproof material containing 10 to 40% of a plasticizer.

Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

1 to 6 show a water-stopping material in which a solid core material surrounds a layer of a water-swellable waterstopping material composition, and 1 indicates a core material 2 representing a water-swellable waterstopping material composition. As shown in the diagram, the shapes of the waterproof materials are circular, rectangular, square, plate-like, trapezoidal,
Any U-shaped body may be used.

The string-like core material having high tensile strength may be made of hard rubber, hard plastic, metal, or a composite material thereof.

7 to 10 show a structure in which a water-swellable water stop material 2 is laminated on the outside of a hollow core material 1, and a hollow portion 3 is formed inside. The shape may be round, rectangular, trapezoidal, or semicircular.

Figures 11 to 18 show specific examples of water-swellable water-stopping materials having a multilayer structure. In Figure 11, a water-swellable water-stopping material 2 is provided surrounding the outer periphery of a solid core material 1. , and a water-permeable elastic layer 5 made of sponge rubber or the like is adhered to the outside thereof. The reason why the outermost layer is made of polyester is that it is necessary for water to permeate therein and swell the water-swellable water stop material 2 inside.

In FIG. 12, a water-swellable water stop material 2 is provided on the outer layer of a circular hollow core material 1, a water-permeable elastic layer 5 is further provided as the outer layer, and a hollow portion 3 is formed in the innermost part.

In Fig. 13, a water-swellable waterproof material 2 is provided surrounding a solid core material 1 with a circular cross section, and an adhesive layer 4 is coated on the outer semicircular portion of the solid core material 1, and the adhesive layer 4 is an inner layer. In order to prevent the water-swellable water-stopping material from losing its function due to complete coverage of the water-stopping material 2 and sealing, an adhesive layer 4 is formed on a portion of the surface.

In FIG. 14, the outer periphery of a semicircular hollow core material 1 is surrounded by a water-swellable water stop material 2, and the semicircular portion is covered with an adhesive layer 4.

15 and 16 show solid core materials having rectangular and semicircular cross sections, respectively, whose entire outer periphery is surrounded by a water-swellable waterproofing material 2, and an adhesive layer 4 is adhered to one side of the solid core material. .

FIG. 17 shows a case in which a water-swellable waterproof material layer 2 is surrounded on the outer periphery of a hollow rectangular core material 1, and an adhesive layer 4 is formed on a part of the outer surface thereof.

FIG. 18 shows that the outer periphery of a solid core material 1 with a semicircular cross section is surrounded by a water-swellable waterproof material layer 2, and the outer periphery is further surrounded by a sponge-like water-permeable elastic layer 5, and a part of the outer periphery is surrounded by a water-swellable water-stopping material layer 2. An adhesive layer 4 is formed on the surface.

FIG. 19 shows a U-shaped core material 1 made of hard rubber with one side open and a water-swellable water-stopping material layer 2 applied thereto, and a layer 2 of water-swelling water-stopping material 2 being applied on the outer periphery of the U-shaped core material 1 made of hard rubber. Adhesive material layers 4, 4 are respectively adhered thereto.

FIG. 20 shows a hollow rectangular core material 1 made of rubber-like foam, with water-swellable waterproof material layers 2, 2 applied to both sides, an adhesive layer 4 applied to one side, and a release paper 6 is coated.

FIGS. 21 to 30 show examples of water-stopping methods for joints of various architectural and civil engineering structures using the water-swellable water-stopping material of the present invention.

Figure 21 shows a flat joint of a concrete plate, which is joined with the surface of one concrete plate pressed against the surface of the other concrete plate. In such a case, as shown in Figure 17, If the adhesive layer 4 is applied to one side,
It is extremely convenient for construction, and when the release paper 6 is peeled off and the adhesive layer 4 is pressed against one concrete surface during construction, the water stop material is fixed and held on one concrete surface, so that the other concrete plate can be pressed. Work can be done safely.

In this case, it goes without saying that the workability can be further improved by forming the adhesive layer 4 on both sides of the water-swellable waterproof material 2 surrounding the core material.

In this case, a water-swellable water-stopping material composition of the water-stopping material can be added to the joint by inserting a water-stopping material as shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 8, and Fig. 15 into the flat joint part of the concrete plate. The water-stopping effect is sufficient just by this action, so having an adhesive layer on one or both sides improves workability, but in principle, the water-stopping effect can be achieved even without it. . Moreover, it goes without saying that the presence of an adhesive layer is beneficial.

FIG. 22 shows a water-stopping construction method for a fuse pipe joint. A waterproofing agent is inserted. In this case, the outer periphery of the solid core material 1 shown in FIGS. 1 to 6 above is surrounded by water-swellable waterproof material 2, or the outer periphery of the hollow core material 1 shown in FIGS. 7 to 10. Any material surrounding the water-swellable waterproof material layer 2 can be used.

However, an adhesive layer is provided on one side of the water-swellable waterproof material layer 2 as shown in FIGS. 4 is used to surround and adhere the adhesive layer 4 and the outer surface of the inner flange 9 of the other hume pipe 8, and then apply the adhesive layer 4 to the inner surface of the outer flange 10 of the other hume pipe 8. If no adhesive layer is provided on the surface of the water stop material that contacts the side surface, the water stop material layer without the adhesive layer will come into contact with the outer flange of the other hume pipe and will not stick, causing the joint of the water stop material to This has the advantage of making the work run more smoothly. In such cases, it is better to have the adhesive layer on only one side.

Figure 23 shows the box scullbird structure 11,1.
This shows the case of joining the end surfaces 12, 12 of No. 1, and in this case, unlike the case where the water stop material is fitted in a twisted direction as in the case of FIG. 22, the water stop material is pressed flat on the joint end surfaces. This is a case in which it is better to form the adhesive layer 4 on both opposing surfaces of the waterproof material. In this case, any of the waterproofing materials shown in FIGS. 1 to 20 can be used, but one having adhesive layers 4 on both opposing sides as shown in FIG. 19 is preferred because of its good workability.

Figure 24 shows foamed concrete (ALC) version 12
Any of the water-stopping materials shown in Figures 1 to 20 can be used as the water-stopping material to be inserted into the groove 14 formed on the abutting end surface 13 of It is preferable to use one with an adhesive layer 4 applied on one or both sides.

In FIG. 25, a water stop material is inserted between flanges 16 of a metal container 15 such as an aquarium, and this is tightened with bolts 17 and nuts 18 to stop water. In this case, Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 4, Figure 8, Figure 1
The waterproof materials shown in FIGS. 5, 17, and 20 can be used. The adhesive layer 4 can be placed on one side or both sides of the waterproof material.

Fig. 26 shows the flange portion 2 of the folded roof 19, 19.
A case is shown in which the water stop material of the present invention is inserted between 0 and 20 and fixed by caulking with rivets 21, and the same water stop material as shown in FIG. 25 can be used.

FIG. 27 shows a case where the water stop material of the present invention is inserted between the plate 24 of the sash groove and the groove frame 25. In this case, a U-shaped cross section as shown in FIGS. 6 and 19 is used. It is preferable to use a waterproof material.

Fig. 28 shows a case where a water stop material 28 is inserted between the sheet piles 22, 22 and a joint plate 23 connecting them. Although it is preferable to use a water stop material having the shape shown in FIG. 16, a water stop material having a circular cross section can also be used.

FIGS. 29 and 30 show an embodiment in which the water stop material having the laminated structure shown in FIG. 20 is used to join the joints of hume pipes and the joints of box sculverts, respectively.

In the case shown in Figure 30, the core material 1 of the waterproof material has a hollow rubber-like foam, so most of the dimensional differences in the connecting parts and most of the errors in the unevenness of the concrete surface can be accounted for by the degree of compression of the foam. Water-swellable water-stopping material composition 2 that can fill gaps that are incompletely filled and has the property of swelling with external water
Water leakage can be prevented with the dual waterproof function of filling the tank with water. Furthermore, since the adhesive layer 6 is provided on the outside of the adhesive layer 6, in this case, it is possible to adhere to the connecting part without applying a waterproof material as a primer to the connecting part or using adhesive, which reduces the work time. It has the advantage of being shortened.

The continuous hollow rubber foam in the center is made by extruding a mixture of a normal rubber composition with a blowing agent and a vulcanizing agent using an extruder, and passing it through a continuous heating tank. obtained by Further, the foam constituting the core material 1 may be made of synthetic resin such as polyethylene.

The water-swellable water stop material composition includes (A) rubber mainly made of recycled rubber (100 parts by weight),
A material containing (B) 10-20% silicic acid, (C) 10-60% bentonite, and (D) 10-40% plasticity can be used in terms of weight ratio.

These water-swellable waterproof material compositions have a swelling rate of 50% to 10% (preferably 25%) depending on the blending ratio.
% or more).

The swelling degree of the water-swellable waterproof material composition of the present invention is calculated by the following formula.

Swelling degree (%) = W ₂₄ −W ₀ /W ₀ ×100 where W ₀ : Weight in dry state W ₂₄ : Weight after 24 hours immersion in tap water As described above, the composition of the present invention is a recycled rubber. Component (A) mainly composed of silicic acid (B) as a water swelling agent, component (C) containing a large amount of bentonite as a filler, and component (D) as a plasticizer. The water-absorbing substance is blended as an essential component, and the blend must be selected appropriately so that the water-absorbing substance has good dispersibility in the rubber matrix and does not cause a decrease in the strength of the composition during use. Furthermore, the water-swellable water-stopping material composition of the present invention does not have a lower degree of swelling even after repeated swelling and drying, and does not have a lower degree of swelling due to hard water. Furthermore, the water-swellable water-stop material composition of the present invention has advantages such as excellent long-term durability because it does not deteriorate or rot, and is non-toxic because it does not contain any water-soluble components.

The reason for blending the water stop material composition is as follows.

Silicic acids are fillers with high oil absorption and have a great effect of entrapping water and swelling the water-stopping material. This is 10%
If the water-swelling rate is too low, the desired water-swelling rate cannot be obtained; if the silicic acid content exceeds 20%, the water-stopping material becomes hard and difficult to mold, making it impossible to obtain the desired shape, resulting in poor sealing effect. As it deteriorates, the resulting composition becomes brittle, which is not preferable.

Next, like kaolin clay, bentonite does not swell in water in a small amount, but it has the characteristics of shape retention and suitable swelling speed. Therefore, if the amount is less than the lower limit of 10%, the water swelling rate will be too small and the desired swelling rate cannot be obtained, and if it is more than the upper limit of 60%, there will be problems with the uniformity of swelling, and problems will arise due to non-uniformity of swelling. The water effect is impaired and problems occur, and the initial shape retention, surface smoothness, and workability of forming seal strings are extremely poor, which impairs the functionality of the water-stopping material.

Plasticizers are used to adjust the type and amount to make the hardness appropriate depending on the purpose of use. This is undesirable because the overlapping portions are difficult to become smooth and require a large amount of force to fasten. On the other hand, if the amount of plasticizer is too large, the molding work will be poor, the construction work will be poor since the product will be easily deformed, and the water pressure resistance will be poor, which is not preferable.

The above-mentioned plasticizers need to be used depending on the rubber used, but generally mineral oil-based softeners, vegetable oil-based softeners, fatty acids, fats and oils, esters, phosphates, paraffin derivatives, etc. can be used.

Examples of plasticizers include paraffinic mineral oil,
naphthenic mineral oil, aromatic mineral oil, stearic acid, palmitic acid, castor oil, cottonseed oil, rapeseed oil,
Examples include paraffin, chlorinated paraffin, dioctyl phthalate, dioctyl adipate, dibutyl sebacate, tricresyl phosphate, liquid chloroprene, liquid polyimbutylene, liquid polybutadiene, and liquid polybutene.

For the above reasons, if the plasticizer content is less than 10%, the flexibility when processing the string-like waterproof material will be insufficient, resulting in variations in the thickness of the waterproof material and the surface texture will become rough. Therefore, it is unsuitable as a sealing material.

If the plasticizer content is 40% or more, the compound becomes soft and pliable, and a string-like sealant with a clean surface texture can be obtained, but on the other hand, the plasticizer inhibits the water swelling effect, and There is a risk that the free plasticizer will be eluted into the water, deteriorating the quality of the water stop material and contaminating the water quality.

The effects of the present invention are as follows.

(a) Instead of using expensive virgin rubber such as polyisobutylene as the main ingredient, an inexpensive recycled rubber can be used as the main ingredient, thereby making it possible to provide an inexpensive water stop material composition.

(b) If only uncrosslinked polybutylene is used, extrusion processing and calendering are extremely difficult due to its large molecular weight, resulting in poor kneading and miscibility. Due to the good processability of rubber, extrusion processing and calender processing are easy.

(c) By using recycled rubber as the main ingredient, the adhesion can be strengthened through a chemical reaction between the carboxyl groups in the recycled rubber and the Ca ions in the hydrated fresh concrete during hardening after pouring the fresh concrete.

As the recycled rubber used in the present invention, tire recycled rubber was a commercially available product, but butyl recycled rubber was processed and produced by the following method. Used butyl rubber tubes are crushed into small pieces, stirred and mixed with petroleum-based mineral oil (regenerating agent), placed in an autoclave, heated by directly inhaling steam, and subjected to desorption treatment, and then passed on a roll several times. It was refined and replasticized to produce butyl recycled rubber.

Example 1 Butyl recycled rubber 30 parts hydrated silicic acid (Nipseal VN ₃ manufactured by Nippon Silica Co., Ltd.)
18 parts bentonite (manufactured by Kunigel Kunimine Kogyo Co., Ltd.)
30 parts polybutene (HV-300 manufactured by Nisseki Jushi Kagaku Co., Ltd.) 5 parts naphthenic mineral oil (Diana Process Oil KL)
-1 manufactured by Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd.) 17 parts These were kneaded with a roll. This mixture was extruded using an extrusion molding machine into a string-like product having end faces of 4 mm x 20 mm. The water swelling rate of this extrusion molded water stop material composition is
It was 80.6%. When this water stop material composition was set in a test container with a flange gap adjusted to 5 mm and water was filled, water naturally overflowed as the water stop material was 4 mm thick, but water was continued to be filled. After 2 hours, the amount of overflow decreased, and after 3 hours, there was no leakage, and it became possible to withstand water pressure of 3 kg/cm ² .

Example 2 Butyl recycled rubber 30 parts Hydrous silicic acid 15 parts Bentonite 35 parts Polybutene 5 parts Naphthenic mineral oil 15 parts were kneaded with a roll. This kneaded product was extruded into a string-like product with a cross section of 4 mm x 20 mm using an extrusion molding machine. The degree of swelling of this water stop material composition was 114.5%.

Example 3 Tire recycled rubber 35 parts Hydrous silicic acid 15 parts Bentonite 40 parts Polybutene 10 parts These were kneaded using a roll. This kneaded material was put into an extrusion molding machine to obtain a string-like stopper material. The degree of swelling of this product was 85.7%.

Comparative Example 1 Butyl recycled rubber 15 parts Polyisobutylene 15 parts Hydrous silicic acid 22 parts Bentonite 18 parts Polybutene 30 parts These were kneaded with a roll. This kneaded product was extruded into a size of 4 mm x 20 mm using an extrusion molding machine.
The degree of swelling of this water stop material composition was 40%. When this water stop material was set in a test container with a flange gap adjusted to 5 mm and filled with water, water overflowed because the gap in the water stop material was thicker, but water leaked after 20 hours even though the water stop material was continued to be filled with water. It didn't stop.

The water-swellable water-stopping material composition used in the water-stopping method of the present invention had no water-stopping effect when the component composition was outside the range.

The swelling ratio of these water-swellable waterproof material compositions can be selected from 50% to 10% depending on the blending ratio.

This composition can be laminated and integrated by passing the composition through a T-shaped head using an extruder and passing the rubbery foam from one side. As the adhesive layer, any of natural rubber adhesives, synthetic rubber adhesives, and acrylic resin adhesives can be used.

Next, to explain how to use this waterproof material, remove the release paper from the waterproof material and press it onto one end of the joint.
Connection can be easily made by fitting into the female part. The water-swellable water-stopping material composition 2 of the hollow rubber-like foam 1 in the central portion fills most of the continuous portion, thereby making it possible to stop water by itself.

Furthermore, if water leaks due to a malfunction in one part when water starts flowing, the water-swellable water-stopping material composition will begin to expand over time and can completely stop the leakage within a few hours. .

As explained above, the water stop material shown in FIG. 20 is a concrete product because the water swellable water stop material composition 2 is laminated on the upper and lower surfaces of the hollow rubber-like foam 1 and the adhesive layer 4 is provided on one side. It is suitable as a water stop material for other connecting parts and can be easily applied, filling most of the gaps by compressing the rubber foam 1, and furthermore, when water is passed through, the water swellable water stop material composition 2 is applied. Since water leakage is prevented by swelling, its water-stopping effect is particularly remarkable, and it is extremely useful in this type of water-stopping construction method.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figures 1 to 6 are perspective views showing the cross section of a water-stopping material in which a solid core material of the present invention surrounds a water-swellable waterstop material composition, and Figures 7 to 10 show a hollow core of the present invention. A perspective view showing a cross section of a water-stop material in which a water-swellable water-stop material composition is surrounded, and FIGS. 11 to 19 show the case where an adhesive layer or a water-permeable elastic layer is partially provided. FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view of the solid or hollow multi-layer waterproof material according to the invention, in which a water-swellable water stop material composition is applied to both sides of a hollow core material, and an adhesive layer is further applied to one side of the outside thereof. A perspective view showing a cross section of a waterproof material laminated with
FIGS. 21 to 30 are diagrams for explaining specific construction examples of the water stop method of the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1...String-like core shape with high tensile strength, 2...Water-swellable water stop material composition, 3...Hollow part, 4...Adhesive layer, 5...Water permeable elastic layer, 6...Release paper ,7...
...Concrete plate, 8...Hyum tube, 9...Inner flange, 10...Outer ridge, 11...Space,
12...Foamed concrete plate, 13...Abutment surface, 14...Groove, 15...Container, 16...Flange, 17...Bolt, 18...Nut, 19...
...Folded roof, 20...Flange, 21...Rivet, 22...Sheet pile, 23...Joint board, 24...Sash groove plate, 25...Sash groove frame.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1 Consists of a laminate of a string-like core material 1 with high tensile strength and a water-swellable water-stop material composition layer 2 surrounding it, the water-swellable water-stop material composition being made of recycled rubber. 1. A water-swellable water-stopping material comprising a rubber mainly composed of 10-20% silicic acid, 10-60% bentonite, and 10-40% plasticizer by weight. 2. A string-like core material 1 with high tensile strength, a water-swellable water-stopping material composition layer 2 surrounding it, and a sponge or the like that covers part or all of the water-swellable water-stopping material composition layer 2. It is a laminate consisting of a permeable elastic layer 5, and the water-swellable water stop material composition is composed of a rubber mainly composed of recycled rubber, a weight ratio of 10 to 20% silicic acid, 10 to 60% bentonite, and a plasticizer. 1. A water-swellable water-stopping material comprising 10 to 40% of a water-swelling agent. 3. A string-like core material 1 having a large tensile strength, a water-swellable water-stop material composition layer 2 surrounding the string-like core material 1, and an adhesive layer 4 attached to a part of the water-swellable water-stop material composition layer 2. The water-swellable water stop material composition is a laminate consisting of a rubber mainly composed of recycled rubber, a silicic acid of 10 to 20%, a bentonite of 10 to 60%, and a plasticizer of 10 to 10% by weight.
A water-swellable water-stopping material characterized by being made of a water-swelling material containing 40% of the water content.