JPH0145335B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0145335B2 JPH0145335B2 JP58081118A JP8111883A JPH0145335B2 JP H0145335 B2 JPH0145335 B2 JP H0145335B2 JP 58081118 A JP58081118 A JP 58081118A JP 8111883 A JP8111883 A JP 8111883A JP H0145335 B2 JPH0145335 B2 JP H0145335B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- illuminance
- environmental test
- test chamber
- time
- lighting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000153 supplemental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
Landscapes
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Greenhouses (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔発明の利用分野〕
本発明は、植物用環境試験装置に係り、特に、
環境試験室内の照度を制御するために好適な装置
に関する。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Application of the Invention] The present invention relates to an environmental testing device for plants, and in particular,
The present invention relates to a device suitable for controlling illuminance in an environmental test chamber.
植物用環境試験装置は、各種種苗の生育状態を
比較したり、植物栽培における肥料や農薬の効
果、影響などを試験することを目的として使用さ
れる。この試験の目的を達成するためには、外部
気象条件とは一応切り離して、任意の環境条件を
人工的に創り出すことが最も好ましい。主要な環
境項目としては、気温、湿度、照度、炭酸ガス濃
度、土壞条件などが挙げられる。これらの項目の
中、照度以外の項目は人工的な条件を創り出すこ
とが比較的容易である。照度については、自然光
を再現することが難しいので、極力、自然光を採
り入れるように工夫する必要がある。このため、
通常の植物用環境試験装置は、試験対象とされる
栽培植物を収容するための環境試験室を密閉構造
として、室内の温度、湿度は任意の条件に設定で
きるようにするとともに、室内と室外を区切る
壁、天井には透明部材を用いて、自然光が採り入
れられるようにされている。
Environmental test equipment for plants is used for the purpose of comparing the growth conditions of various seeds and seedlings, and testing the effects and effects of fertilizers and pesticides on plant cultivation. In order to achieve the purpose of this test, it is most preferable to artificially create arbitrary environmental conditions, separated from external weather conditions. Major environmental items include temperature, humidity, illuminance, carbon dioxide concentration, and soil conditions. Among these items, it is relatively easy to create artificial conditions for items other than illuminance. Regarding illuminance, it is difficult to reproduce natural light, so it is necessary to devise ways to incorporate as much natural light as possible. For this reason,
A typical environmental testing device for plants has an environmental testing chamber that houses the cultivated plants to be tested in a sealed structure, allowing the indoor temperature and humidity to be set to any desired conditions, and allowing indoor and outdoor testing to be carried out. Transparent materials are used on the dividing walls and ceilings to allow natural light to enter.
しかしながら、上記の植物用環境試験装置にお
いては、室内の照度が外部気象条件に左右される
ため、予定した環境試験を遂行できないという問
題があつた。この問題を解決するために、室内を
補助的に照明するための照明手段を備えたものが
試みられている。しかし、この照明手段は、主と
して日の出、日の入の時刻を調整するために用い
るものであつて、日中の雨天や曇天時における室
内の照度不足を補う能力を有するものではなかつ
た。その理由としては、外的気象条件に対応させ
て照明手段を制御しようとすると、その操作が複
雑となることにあつた。 However, the above-mentioned environmental test device for plants has a problem in that it is not possible to carry out the planned environmental test because the indoor illuminance is affected by external weather conditions. In order to solve this problem, attempts have been made to provide lighting means for supplementary illumination of the room. However, this lighting means is mainly used to adjust the times of sunrise and sunset, and does not have the ability to compensate for insufficient illuminance indoors during rainy or cloudy days. The reason for this is that the operation becomes complicated when trying to control the lighting means in response to external weather conditions.
本発明の目的は、上記従来技術の問題を克服
し、自然採光を十分に利用しつつ、雨天、曇天時
などにおける日中の室内の照度不足に対しては、
効果的な、補助照明を行うことができる植物用環
境試験装置を提供することにある。
It is an object of the present invention to overcome the problems of the prior art described above, to fully utilize natural lighting, and to solve the problem of insufficient indoor illuminance during the daytime, such as on rainy or cloudy days.
An object of the present invention is to provide an environmental testing device for plants that can provide effective auxiliary lighting.
上記の目的を達成するために、本発明に係る植
物用環境試験装置は、試験対象とされる栽培植物
が収容可能でかつ自然採光可能な環境試験室と、
前記環境試験室内を補助的に照光する移動可能な
照明手段と、前記環境試験室外の照度を検出する
照度検出手段と、前記環境試験室外の照度が予め
設定された照度より小さい状態が一定時間継続し
たときに前記照明手段を前記環境試験室内を照光
可能な位置へ移動させて前記環境試験室内を照光
すると共に、前記環境試験室外の照度が予め設定
された照度となつたときに前記照明手段を前記環
境試験室内に採光される自然光を遮光しない位置
へ移動させて照光を停止する制御手段と、を設け
たことを特徴とする。
In order to achieve the above object, the plant environmental test device according to the present invention includes an environmental test chamber that can accommodate cultivated plants to be tested and that can receive natural light;
movable lighting means for supplementary illumination within the environmental test chamber; illuminance detection means for detecting illuminance outside the environmental test chamber; and a state in which the illuminance outside the environmental test chamber continues to be lower than a preset illuminance for a certain period of time. When the environmental test chamber is illuminated, the illumination means is moved to a position where the interior of the environmental test chamber can be illuminated, and the illumination means is turned on when the illuminance outside the environmental test chamber reaches a preset illuminance. The environmental test chamber is characterized by further comprising a control means for moving the natural light entering the environmental test chamber to a position where it is not blocked and stopping the illumination.
本発明によれば、環境試験室外の照度が予め設
定された照度よりも小さい状態が一定時間継続し
たときに照明手段を環境試験室内を照光可能な位
置へ移動させて照光しているため、環境試験室内
の照度を予め設定された照度以上に保持すること
ができる。また、環境試験室外の照度が予め設定
された照度となつたときに照明手段を自然光を遮
光しない位置へ移動させて照光を停止しているた
め、自然採光時に照明手段によつて自然光が遮光
されることがなく、これによつて効率よく自然採
光することができる。 According to the present invention, when the illuminance outside the environmental test chamber continues to be lower than the preset illuminance for a certain period of time, the illumination means is moved to a position where it can illuminate the inside of the environmental test chamber. The illuminance in the test room can be maintained at a preset illuminance or higher. Additionally, when the illuminance outside the environmental test room reaches a preset illuminance, the lighting means is moved to a position where it does not block natural light and the illumination is stopped, so the lighting means blocks natural light during natural lighting. This allows efficient natural lighting.
以下、本発明を図面に基づいて説明する。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained based on the drawings.
第１図は、本発明の主要構成をモデル化して示
した図である。地上１０に設置された環境試験室
１２は、外壁１３および天井１４によつて外部と
仕切られており、内部に試験対象とされる栽培植
物が使容可能とされている。外壁１３、天井１４
は透明部材によつて構成されており、自然光が十
分に採り入れられる。また、この室には図示しな
い空気調和機器が付設されて、室内の気温や湿度
を自由に制御できる。１５は照明天井であり、そ
の全面には照明灯１６が取付けられている。照明
天井１５は図示しない駆動手段により、矢印１８
の方向に前後移動自在とされて、室１２を照明す
る必要がないときは、図示の北側の位置に配置さ
れ、室１２を照明する際には南側に移動して、図
中、二点鎖線で示す室１２の上方の位置に配置さ
れる。照明天井１５の作動は、屋外に設けた外部
照度センサ１９の信号に基づいて制御される。 FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a model of the main configuration of the present invention. An environmental test chamber 12 installed on the ground 10 is separated from the outside by an outer wall 13 and a ceiling 14, and cultivated plants to be tested can be used inside. Exterior wall 13, ceiling 14
It is made of transparent material, allowing ample natural light to enter. Additionally, this room is equipped with an air conditioner (not shown), allowing the indoor temperature and humidity to be freely controlled. 15 is an illumination ceiling, and illumination lights 16 are attached to the entire surface thereof. The lighting ceiling 15 is driven by an arrow 18 by a driving means (not shown).
When there is no need to illuminate the room 12, it is placed in the north position shown in the figure, and when it is time to illuminate the room 12, it is moved to the south side, and it is moved forward and backward in the two-dot chain line in the figure. It is arranged at a position above the chamber 12 indicated by . The operation of the lighting ceiling 15 is controlled based on a signal from an external illuminance sensor 19 provided outdoors.
第２図は、屋外の照度の代表的なパターンを示
す。曲線Ａは晴天時の傾向を示し、日の出および
日の入の時刻を除いては日中の照度は、必要とす
る基準照度Ｓを十分に上廻る。曲線Ｂは曇天時の
傾向を示し、日中の照度が激しく変動し、基準照
度Ｓを上廻つたり、下廻つたりする。曲線Ｃは雨
天時の傾向を示し、日中の照度が継続して基準照
度Ｓより下廻る。本発明は、上記パターンのう
ち、曲線Ｂの曇天時または、このような曇天時を
日中の少くとも一時期に有する天候条件のときに
特に有効である。以下、曇天時を例にとつて説明
する。 FIG. 2 shows a typical pattern of outdoor illuminance. Curve A shows a tendency during clear weather, and the illuminance during the day, except for the times of sunrise and sunset, sufficiently exceeds the required reference illuminance S. Curve B shows a tendency during cloudy weather, and the illuminance during the day fluctuates dramatically, going above and below the reference illuminance S. Curve C shows a tendency during rainy weather, where the daytime illuminance continues to fall below the reference illuminance S. Of the above patterns, the present invention is particularly effective when the weather conditions are cloudy as shown by curve B or where such cloudy weather occurs for at least part of the day. In the following, a cloudy day will be explained as an example.
第３図において、波線で示す曲線Ｄはその時節
における晴天時に予想される日中の標準的な照度
を示し、曲線Ｅは実際の日中における屋外照度を
示す。曲線Ｅは屋外に設けた外部照度センサの検
出値を反映するものである。この外部照度センサ
は、環境試験室１２が配置される周囲条件とほぼ
同一の条件下に設けられるので、外部照度センサ
の検出値は、また前記環境試験室１２内の照明手
段１５による照光が行われていないときの照度を
ほぼ意味する。本発明の装置においては、まず、
予め設定した基準照度Ｓと曲線Ｄとが交差する時
刻t1が求められ、この時刻t1から制御が開始され
る。すなわち、この時刻t1における屋外照度が基
準照度Ｓよりも小さいことが記憶される。以降継
続して各時刻における屋外の照度と基準照度Ｓと
の比較を行い、時刻t1から一定時間が経過した時
刻t2における屋外照度が依然として基準照度Ｓよ
りも小さいときは、補助照明が行われる。すなわ
ち、上記の条件において、図示しない駆動手段に
より照明天井１５が、第１図の二点鎖線に示す位
置まで移動し、照明灯１６が点灯される。この補
助照明は、時刻t3において、屋外の照度が基準照
度Ｓと一致するまで継続して行われる。屋外の照
度が基準照度Ｓよりも大きい時刻t3から時刻t4の
時間帯においては補助照明は実施されず、照明天
井１５は元の位置に退避する。 In FIG. 3, a curve D indicated by a wavy line indicates the standard daytime illuminance expected during clear weather at that time of year, and a curve E indicates the actual outdoor illuminance during the day. Curve E reflects the detected value of an external illuminance sensor installed outdoors. Since this external illuminance sensor is provided under almost the same ambient conditions as the ambient conditions in which the environmental test chamber 12 is arranged, the detected value of the external illuminance sensor also depends on the illumination by the illumination means 15 in the environmental test chamber 12. This roughly means the illuminance when no lights are on. In the device of the present invention, first,
A time t 1 at which the preset reference illuminance S and the curve D intersect is determined, and control is started from this time t 1 . That is, it is stored that the outdoor illuminance at this time t1 is lower than the reference illuminance S. After that, the outdoor illuminance at each time is continuously compared with the reference illuminance S, and if the outdoor illuminance at time t 2 , which is a certain period of time after time t 1 , is still lower than the standard illuminance S, the auxiliary lighting is be exposed. That is, under the above conditions, the illumination ceiling 15 is moved by a driving means (not shown) to the position shown by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 1, and the illumination lamp 16 is turned on. This auxiliary illumination continues until the outdoor illuminance matches the reference illuminance S at time t3 . During the period from time t 3 to time t 4 when the outdoor illuminance is higher than the reference illuminance S, auxiliary lighting is not performed, and the illumination ceiling 15 is retracted to its original position.
以下、同じく、時刻t4において屋外の照度が基
準照度Ｓよりも小さいことが検出され、一定時間
後の時刻t5から時刻t6までが補助照明される。時
刻t7において、屋外の照度が基準照度Ｓよりも小
さくなつたことが検知されても、一定時間以内の
時刻t8において、屋外の照度が回復するときは補
助照明は実施されない。このため、一時的な雲隠
れ現象による照明天井の頻繁な駆動、点灯を回避
することができる。 Similarly, it is detected that the outdoor illuminance is lower than the reference illuminance S at time t4 , and auxiliary illumination is performed from time t5 to time t6 after a certain period of time. Even if it is detected that the outdoor illuminance has become lower than the reference illuminance S at time t7 , auxiliary lighting is not performed if the outdoor illuminance recovers at time t8 within a certain period of time. Therefore, frequent driving and lighting of the lighting ceiling due to temporary cloud cover can be avoided.
以下、同じく、時刻t9から一定時間後の時刻t10
までの時間帯は補助照明は実施されない。時刻
t11は、基準照度Ｓと曲線Ｄが交差する時刻であ
り、時刻t10から時刻t11までは補助照明が実施さ
れる。 Hereinafter, similarly, time t 10 after a certain period of time from time t 9
Supplemental lighting will not be provided during this period. time
t11 is the time when the reference illuminance S intersects with the curve D, and supplementary illumination is performed from time t10 to time t11 .
以上の説明から明らかなように、本実施例にお
いては、曇天時の屋外の照度に対応して、時間帯
T1，T2，T3のみが、天井照明１５により補助照
明が行われることになる。この結果、上記時間帯
T1，T2，T3においては、環境試験室１２内の照
度は、第３図において、屋外の照度にプラスし
て、補助照明に係る照度（図中、２点鎖線で示
す。）が加重される結果となる。このため、環境
試験室１２内の日中における大部分の時間帯を基
準照度Ｓよりも大きく維持できる。したがつて、
環境試験を実施する上で、気象条件による自然採
光の不足を補うことができる。 As is clear from the above explanation, in this embodiment, the time zone is
Only at T 1 , T 2 , and T 3 , supplementary lighting is provided by the ceiling lighting 15 . As a result, the above time period
At T 1 , T 2 , and T 3 , the illuminance inside the environmental test chamber 12 in FIG. This results in a weighted result. Therefore, the illumination intensity S can be maintained higher than the reference illuminance S during most of the time during the day in the environmental test chamber 12. Therefore,
When conducting environmental tests, it can compensate for the lack of natural lighting due to weather conditions.
本発明は、屋外の照度が基準照度よりも小さい
状態が一定時間継続したときにのみ補助照明が行
われることを特徴とする。本発明者の実験によれ
ば、上記一定時間は５〜30分間が好ましい。５分
間未満のときは、補助照明の頻度が過多となり、
また、30分間以上のときは照度不足の時間帯が過
多となる。この一定時間は、季節の気象状況や環
境試験の目的によつて設定換えすることが好まし
い。 The present invention is characterized in that auxiliary lighting is performed only when the outdoor illuminance remains lower than the reference illuminance for a certain period of time. According to the inventor's experiments, the above-mentioned certain period of time is preferably 5 to 30 minutes. If the duration is less than 5 minutes, the frequency of auxiliary lighting is too high,
Furthermore, if the duration is 30 minutes or more, there will be too many periods of insufficient illumination. It is preferable to change the setting of this certain period of time depending on seasonal weather conditions and the purpose of the environmental test.
上記実施例においては、基準照度Ｓを一定値と
して説明したが、この照度は日中の時刻毎に変化
するように設定してもよい。また、補助照明の程
度は一律ではなく、屋外の照度と予め設定した指
定照度との差に応じて、照明の程度を変化させる
ことが好ましい。必要によつては、環境試験室内
に内部照度センサを設け、このセンサの検出値に
基づいて、補助照明の程度を補正するようにして
もよい。これらの精密な制御は電算機によるプロ
グラムで実施することになる。 In the above embodiment, the reference illuminance S is described as a constant value, but this illuminance may be set to change at each time during the day. Further, it is preferable that the level of auxiliary illumination is not uniform, but is changed depending on the difference between outdoor illuminance and a preset specified illuminance. If necessary, an internal illuminance sensor may be provided in the environmental test chamber, and the degree of auxiliary illumination may be corrected based on the detected value of this sensor. These precise controls will be performed using a computer program.
以上、述べたように、本発明に係る植物用環境
試験装置は照明手段を移動可能にしたので自然採
光時に何の障害もなく自然採光を十分に利用しつ
つ、雨天、曇天時などにおける日中の照度不足に
対しては、効果的な補助照明を行うことができ
る。特に雲穏れ現象などによる一時的な環境試験
室内の照度不足に対しては、一定条件下で補助照
明が作動しないので、頻繁な補助照明の繰り返し
の弊害を防止できる。
As described above, the environmental test device for plants according to the present invention makes the lighting means movable, so that it can fully utilize natural lighting without any hindrance during daylighting, such as during rainy or cloudy days. Effective supplementary lighting can be used to address insufficient illuminance. In particular, when there is a temporary lack of illuminance in the environmental test chamber due to a phenomenon of cloudy weather, etc., the auxiliary lighting does not operate under certain conditions, so the negative effects of frequent auxiliary lighting can be prevented.
第１図は本発明の主要構成をモデル化して示し
た図、第２図は屋外の日中における照度の代表的
なパターンを示す図、第３図は本発明に係る装置
の作動例を照度と時刻の関係で説明するための図
である。
１２……環境試験室、１５……照明天井、１６
……照明灯、１９……外部照度センサ。
Fig. 1 is a diagram showing a model of the main configuration of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a diagram showing a typical pattern of illuminance during outdoor daytime, and Fig. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the operation of the device according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between time and time. 12...Environmental test chamber, 15...Lighting ceiling, 16
...Lighting lamp, 19...External illuminance sensor.
Claims (1)
自然採光可能な環境試験室と、前記環境試験室内
を補助的に照光する移動可能な照明手段と、前記
環境試験室外の照度を検出する照度検出手段と、
前記環境試験室外の照度が予め設定された照度よ
り小さい状態が一定時間継続したときに前記照明
手段を前記環境試験室内を照光可能な位置へ移動
させて前記環境試験室内を照光すると共に、前記
環境試験室外の照度が予め設定された照度となつ
たときに前記照明手段を前記環境試験室内に採光
される自然光を遮光しない位置へ移動させて照光
を停止する制御手段と、を設けた植物用環境試験
装置。1. An environmental test chamber capable of accommodating cultivated plants to be tested and capable of natural lighting; movable lighting means for supplementary illumination within the environmental test chamber; and illuminance detection for detecting illuminance outside the environmental test chamber. means and
When the illuminance outside the environmental test chamber continues to be lower than a preset illuminance for a certain period of time, the lighting means is moved to a position where it can illuminate the inside of the environmental test chamber to illuminate the inside of the environmental test chamber; A plant environment comprising: control means for moving the lighting means to a position where it does not block natural light entering the environmental test chamber and stopping the illumination when the illuminance outside the test room reaches a preset illuminance. Test equipment.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58081118A JPS59205915A (en) | 1983-05-10 | 1983-05-10 | Environment testing apparatus for plant |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58081118A JPS59205915A (en) | 1983-05-10 | 1983-05-10 | Environment testing apparatus for plant |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS59205915A JPS59205915A (en) | 1984-11-21 |
| JPH0145335B2 true JPH0145335B2 (en) | 1989-10-03 |
Family
ID=13737460
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58081118A Granted JPS59205915A (en) | 1983-05-10 | 1983-05-10 | Environment testing apparatus for plant |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS59205915A (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6255025A (en) * | 1985-09-04 | 1987-03-10 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Plant culture apparatus |
| JPH0327219A (en) * | 1989-06-22 | 1991-02-05 | Showa Alum Corp | Central control device in plant rearing circumference in greenhouse |
| JP5434377B2 (en) * | 2009-08-28 | 2014-03-05 | 井関農機株式会社 | House cultivation system |
-
1983
- 1983-05-10 JP JP58081118A patent/JPS59205915A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS59205915A (en) | 1984-11-21 |
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