JPH0145119B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0145119B2 JPH0145119B2 JP55006648A JP664880A JPH0145119B2 JP H0145119 B2 JPH0145119 B2 JP H0145119B2 JP 55006648 A JP55006648 A JP 55006648A JP 664880 A JP664880 A JP 664880A JP H0145119 B2 JPH0145119 B2 JP H0145119B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- electrodes
- infrared
- receiving side
- pyroelectric
- electrode
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007274 generation of a signal involved in cell-cell signaling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は、例えば人体の発する赤外線を検出す
ることによつて侵入者の監視を行う防犯装置等に
好適に使用することができる移動方向検知型焦電
検出器に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a movement direction detection type pyroelectric detector that can be suitably used in a crime prevention device that monitors intruders by detecting infrared rays emitted by a human body, for example.
一般に、焦電検出器を用いた防犯装置において
は、検出器の視野内に入つた侵入者からの赤外線
を検出して警報を発するが、視野内のバツクグラ
ウンドの温度変化や照明器具の点燈等に際し、こ
れらを源とする赤外線の入射によつて焦電素子の
温度が変化し、誤動作信号を発生する。 Generally, security devices using pyroelectric detectors issue an alarm by detecting infrared rays from an intruder that enters the field of view of the detector, but they can detect changes in the background temperature within the field of view or the turning on of lighting equipment. etc., the temperature of the pyroelectric element changes due to the incidence of infrared rays from these sources, generating a malfunction signal.
このような現状に鑑み、本発明者はバツクグラ
ウンドの温度変化や照明器具の点燈等、検出器視
野内に存在する移動を伴わない目的外の赤外線入
射による誤動作信号の発生を防止し、かつ、検出
器視野内に赤外線源が侵入した場合にはその移動
方向に対応した信号出力が得られ、従つて、この
検出器からの信号に基づいて赤外線源の移動並び
にその移動方向を判別することをも可能とした移
動方向検知型焦電検出器を開発したのである。 In view of this current situation, the present inventor has developed a system to prevent the generation of malfunction signals due to unintended infrared rays that do not move within the field of view of the detector, such as changes in background temperature or lighting of lighting equipment. When the infrared source enters the field of view of the detector, a signal output corresponding to the direction of movement is obtained, and therefore, the movement of the infrared source and the direction of movement can be determined based on the signal from this detector. They developed a pyroelectric detector that detects the direction of movement.
即ち、焦電検出器は赤外線入射に伴う焦電素子
上のアクテイブエリア（対となつている電極のう
ち、赤外線受光側の電極上に施された黒化処理領
域）の温度変化により出力するが、その極性は焦
電素子の自発分極特性及びアクテイブエリアの温
度変化の方向（上昇又は下降）に従う。 In other words, a pyroelectric detector outputs an output due to temperature changes in the active area on the pyroelectric element (the blackened area applied to the infrared receiving side of the pair of electrodes) due to incidence of infrared rays. , its polarity follows the spontaneous polarization characteristics of the pyroelectric element and the direction of temperature change (increase or decrease) in the active area.
例えば第１図に示すように、電極ａ，ｂのうち
アクテイブエリアの温度上昇により正極に自発分
極する方向の電極ａをインピーダンス変換用
FETのゲートに、他方の電極ｂをアース電位Ｅ
に、それぞれ接続すれば、アクテイブエリアの温
度上昇を伴う赤外線の入射に対しては、第２図に
おいて実線で示すように、正極性を有する出力信
号が得られ、又、温度下降を伴う赤外線の入射に
対しては、第２図において仮想線で示すように、
負極性を有する信号が得られる。この場合、電極
ａ，ｂの自発分極特性を逆にすれば、出力信号の
極性を逆転させることもできる。尚、第１図にお
いて、１は焦電素子、Rg，Rsは抵抗、VDDは供給
電圧、Vputは信号出力をそれぞれ示す。 For example, as shown in Figure 1, among electrodes a and b, electrode a is used for impedance conversion in the direction that spontaneously polarizes to the positive polarity due to a rise in temperature in the active area.
Connect the other electrode b to the ground potential E to the gate of the FET.
If connected to the active area, an output signal with positive polarity will be obtained as shown by the solid line in Figure 2 when infrared rays are incident, which causes a temperature rise in the active area. For the incident, as shown by the imaginary line in Fig. 2,
A signal with negative polarity is obtained. In this case, the polarity of the output signal can be reversed by reversing the spontaneous polarization characteristics of electrodes a and b. In FIG. 1, 1 represents a pyroelectric element, R g and Rs represent resistors, V DD represents a supply voltage, and V put represents a signal output.
本発明に係る移動方向検知型焦電検出器は、上
記方向性に着目してなされたもので、単一の焦電
素材上に電極を偶数対配設し、赤外線受光側電極
上に赤外線吸収効率を向上させるための黒化処理
領域であるアクテイブエリアを偶数個構成し、前
記電極を各々の自発分極特性が逆向きになるよう
に直列に接続してなる焦電素子の前記赤外線受光
側電極のうちの一方の端部にある電極をインピー
ダンス変換用FETのゲート部に、他方の端部に
ある電極をアース電位に、それぞれ接続し、もつ
て、前記FETの出力信号の極性の相異に基づい
て人体等赤外線源の移動並びにその移動方向を検
知するようにした点に特徴がある。 The moving direction detecting type pyroelectric detector according to the present invention has been made by focusing on the above-mentioned directionality, and has an even number of pairs of electrodes arranged on a single pyroelectric material, and an infrared absorbing electrode on the infrared receiving side electrode. The infrared receiving side electrode of a pyroelectric element has an even number of active areas, which are blackened areas for improving efficiency, and the electrodes are connected in series so that their spontaneous polarization characteristics are in opposite directions. Connect the electrode at one end to the gate of the impedance conversion FET, and the electrode at the other end to the ground potential, and then The feature is that the movement of an infrared source such as a human body and the direction of movement are detected based on this method.
以下、本発明の一実施例を図面を参照しながら
説明する。 An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
第３図及び第４図は本発明に係る移動方向検知
型焦電検出器を示し、第５図はその電気回路を示
す。 3 and 4 show a moving direction detection type pyroelectric detector according to the present invention, and FIG. 5 shows its electric circuit.
図において、１は焦電素子、３はキヤツプ、４
はキヤツプ３に形成された赤外線透過窓である。
そして、焦電素子１はセラミツク等よりなる単一
焦電素材の両面に２対の電極２ａ，２ｂ，２a′，
２b′を被着して、赤外線受光側電極２ａ，２a′上
に２つのアクテイブエリアを構成すると共に、電
極２ａ，２ｂ，２a′，２b′を各々の電極対の自発
分極特性が逆向きになるように接続して構成して
ある。 In the figure, 1 is a pyroelectric element, 3 is a cap, and 4
is an infrared transmitting window formed in the cap 3.
The pyroelectric element 1 has two pairs of electrodes 2a, 2b, 2a',
2b' is deposited to form two active areas on the infrared receiving side electrodes 2a, 2a', and the spontaneous polarization characteristics of each pair of electrodes are opposite to each other. It is connected and configured as follows.
即ち、アクテイブエリアが形成される赤外線受
光側電極２ａ，２a′を、インピーダンス変換用
FET５のゲート部、アース電位Ｅにそれぞれ接
続すると共に、赤外線の入射に伴うアクテイブエ
リアの温度上昇によつて正極、負極の何れか一方
の極性に自発分極する側の電極２ｂ，２b′を互い
に接続する。 That is, the infrared receiving side electrodes 2a and 2a' where the active area is formed are used for impedance conversion.
The gate part of FET 5 is connected to the ground potential E, and the electrodes 2b and 2b' which are spontaneously polarized to either positive or negative polarity due to the temperature rise of the active area due to the incidence of infrared rays are connected to each other. do.
次に、上述の構成を有する検出器を用いた移動
方向検知系の原理を、第６図及び第７図を参照し
ながら説明する。 Next, the principle of a moving direction detection system using a detector having the above-described configuration will be explained with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7.
第６図に示すように、凹面鏡６を検出器に入射
する赤外線の集光系として使用した場合、赤外線
受光側電極２ａ，２a′上のアクテイブエリアに
は、それぞれの赤外線検出視野Ｒ，R′から入射
する赤外線が集光される。 As shown in FIG. 6, when the concave mirror 6 is used as a condensing system for infrared rays incident on the detector, the active areas on the infrared receiving side electrodes 2a and 2a' have respective infrared detection fields R and R'. The infrared rays incident from the source are focused.
今、人体をはじめとする高温物体７（それぞれ
の赤外線検出視野Ｒ，R′のバツクグラウンドよ
りも高温を有するもの）がＣからC′方向へ移動し
てきた場合、先ず、赤外線受光側電極２ａ上のア
クテイブエリアの赤外線検出視野Ｒを横切り、次
に、赤外線受光側電極２a′上のアクテイブエリア
の赤外線検出視野R′を横切る。このとき赤外線
受光側電極２ａがアクテイブエリアの温度上昇に
伴つて正極に自発分極するように接続してあれ
ば、前記赤外線受光側電極２ａは、高温物体７が
赤外線検出視野Ｒに到達すると正極に、赤外線検
出視野Ｒ通過後は負極に、それぞれ帯電する。そ
して、高温物体７が更にC′方向へ移動していく
と、前記高温物体７は赤外線検出視野R′を横切
るが、この場合、動作に関与するのは赤外線受光
側電極２a′上のアクテイブエリアであり、赤外線
受光側電極２a′が赤外線受光側電極２ａとは逆の
自発分極特性を有していることにより、前記赤外
線受光側電極２a′は赤外線検出視野R′に到達する
と負極に、赤外線検出視野R′通過後は正極に、
それぞれ帯電する。第７図のt3〜t4がこの状況を
示している。 Now, when a high-temperature object 7 (having a higher temperature than the background of each infrared detection field of view R, R') such as a human body moves from C to C' direction, first, the object 7 on the infrared receiving side electrode 2a It then crosses the infrared detection field of view R' of the active area on the infrared receiving side electrode 2a'. At this time, if the infrared receiving side electrode 2a is connected so as to be spontaneously polarized to the positive electrode as the temperature of the active area rises, the infrared receiving side electrode 2a will become the positive electrode when the high temperature object 7 reaches the infrared detection field of view R. , after passing through the infrared detection field of view R, they are each charged to a negative electrode. Then, as the high-temperature object 7 moves further in the direction C', the high-temperature object 7 crosses the infrared detection field of view R', but in this case, the active area on the infrared receiving side electrode 2a' is involved in the operation. Since the infrared receiving side electrode 2a' has a spontaneous polarization characteristic opposite to that of the infrared receiving side electrode 2a, when the infrared receiving side electrode 2a' reaches the infrared detection field of view R', the infrared receiving side electrode 2a' becomes a negative polarity. After passing through the detection field of view R′, it becomes the positive pole.
Each is charged. t 3 to t 4 in FIG. 7 shows this situation.
一方、高温物体７がC′からＣ方向へ移動した場
合は、上述の場合とは全く逆の信号発生過程が進
行する。この場合の信号出力を第７図において仮
想線で示す。 On the other hand, when the high-temperature object 7 moves from C' to direction C, the signal generation process proceeds completely opposite to the above case. The signal output in this case is shown by a virtual line in FIG.
第７図から明らかなように、物体の移動方向の
相違により前記FETの最初に出力される信号の
極性が異なり、故に、物体の移動方向を検知でき
るのである。 As is clear from FIG. 7, the polarity of the first signal output from the FET differs depending on the direction of movement of the object, and therefore the direction of movement of the object can be detected.
尚、上述の実施例では、単一焦電素材の上に２
対の電極２ａ，２ｂ，２a′，２b′及びアクテイブ
エリアを配設して焦電素子を構成しているが、本
発明はこれに限られるものではなく、単一焦電素
材の上に電極を偶数対配設すると共に、アクテイ
ブエリアを偶数個配設してもよいことは勿論であ
る。その場合、赤外線受光側電極のうちの一方の
端部にある電極をインピーダンス変換用FETの
ゲート部に、他方の端部にある電極をアース電位
に、それぞれ接続すればよい。 In addition, in the above-mentioned embodiment, two
Although the pair of electrodes 2a, 2b, 2a', 2b' and the active area are arranged to constitute a pyroelectric element, the present invention is not limited to this, and the electrodes are placed on a single pyroelectric material. Of course, an even number of pairs of active areas may be provided, and an even number of active areas may also be provided. In that case, the electrode at one end of the infrared receiving side electrodes may be connected to the gate of the impedance conversion FET, and the electrode at the other end may be connected to the ground potential.
以上説明したように、本発明に係る移動方向検
知型焦電検出器は、単一の焦電素材上に電極を偶
数対配設し、赤外線受光側電極上に赤外線吸収効
率を向上させるための黒化処理領域であるアクテ
イブエリアを偶数個構成し、前記電極を各々の自
発分極特性が逆向きになるように直列に接続して
なる焦電素子の前記赤外線受光側電極のうちの一
方の端部にある電極をインピーダンス変換用
FETのゲート部に、他方の端部にある電極をア
ース電位に、それぞれ接続して構成してあるの
で、人体等赤外線源の移動のみならずその移動方
向を確実に検出することができる。 As explained above, the moving direction detecting type pyroelectric detector according to the present invention has an even number of pairs of electrodes arranged on a single pyroelectric material, and an electrode on the infrared receiving side to improve the infrared absorption efficiency. One end of the infrared-receiving side electrode of a pyroelectric element comprising an even number of active areas, which are blackening processing regions, and connecting the electrodes in series so that their spontaneous polarization characteristics are in opposite directions. The electrode in the section is used for impedance conversion.
Since the electrode at the other end of the gate of the FET is connected to the ground potential, it is possible to reliably detect not only the movement of an infrared source such as a human body, but also the direction of its movement.
そして、偶数対の電極が単一焦電素材上に配設
されていることにより、耐振動特性に優れ、誤動
作信号の発生が防止される。又、簡単な構成であ
りながら、高精度に検出することができる。 Since an even number of pairs of electrodes are arranged on a single pyroelectric material, vibration resistance is excellent and generation of malfunction signals is prevented. Furthermore, although the configuration is simple, it is possible to detect with high accuracy.
尚、被検出体である赤外線源の温度がバツクグ
ラウンドより高い場合も低い場合も同一極性の出
力として取り出す目的で、２つの焦電素子を自発
分極特性が逆向きになるように接続した焦電検出
器は、既に特開昭54−96088号公報によつて開示
されているところであるが、このような焦電検出
器を用いても上述した本発明の効果は期待できな
い。なぜならば、前記公報に記載の焦電素子は焦
電素材とこれに被着した１対の電極とから構成さ
れており、出力特性、耐振動特性等が全く同一の
ものを２個製作することは多分に困難であり、そ
れゆえ、目的外の赤外線の入射や振動による誤動
作信号の発生を防止できる程、出力を相殺するこ
とができないからである。 In addition, in order to extract output with the same polarity regardless of whether the temperature of the infrared source, which is the object to be detected, is higher or lower than the background, a pyroelectric element is used in which two pyroelectric elements are connected so that their spontaneous polarization characteristics are in opposite directions. Although a detector has already been disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 54-96088, the effects of the present invention described above cannot be expected even if such a pyroelectric detector is used. This is because the pyroelectric element described in the above publication is composed of a pyroelectric material and a pair of electrodes attached to it, and it is difficult to manufacture two pieces with exactly the same output characteristics, vibration resistance characteristics, etc. This is because it is difficult to cancel the output to a degree that can prevent the incidence of unintended infrared rays or the generation of malfunction signals due to vibration.
本発明では、上述のように、単一焦電素材上に
電極を偶数対配設すると共に、アクテイブエリア
を偶数個形成しているため、このような不都合は
ないのである。 In the present invention, as described above, an even number of pairs of electrodes are arranged on a single pyroelectric material, and an even number of active areas are formed, so that such inconvenience does not occur.
第１図は従来の焦電検出器の電気回路図、第２
図Ａ，Ｂはその検出器出力を示すダイヤグラムで
ある。第３図乃至第５図は本発明に係る移動方向
検知型焦電検出器の一例を示し、第３図は平面
図、第４図は概略縦断面図、第５図は電気回路図
である。第６図は移動方向検知用集光系の構成
図、第７図はその検出器出力を示すダイヤグラム
である。
１……焦電素子、２ａ，２ｂ，２a′，２b′……
電極、５……インピーダンス変換用FET、Ｅ…
…アース電位。
Figure 1 is an electric circuit diagram of a conventional pyroelectric detector, Figure 2
Figures A and B are diagrams showing the detector output. 3 to 5 show an example of a moving direction detection type pyroelectric detector according to the present invention, in which FIG. 3 is a plan view, FIG. 4 is a schematic vertical sectional view, and FIG. 5 is an electric circuit diagram. . FIG. 6 is a block diagram of the condensing system for detecting the moving direction, and FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the output of the detector. 1...Pyroelectric element, 2a, 2b, 2a', 2b'...
Electrode, 5... FET for impedance conversion, E...
...Earth potential.
Claims (1)
外線受光側電極上に赤外線吸収効率を向上させる
ための黒化処理領域であるアクテイブエリアを偶
数個構成し、前記電極を各々の自発分極特性が逆
向きになるように直列に接続してなる焦電素子の
前記赤外線受光側電極のうちの一方の端部にある
電極をインピーダンス変換用FETのゲート部に、
他方の端部にある電極をアース電位に、それぞれ
接続し、もつて、前記FETの出力信号の極性の
相異に基づいて人体等赤外線源の移動並びにその
移動方向を検知するようにしたことを特徴とする
移動方向検知型焦電検出器。1 An even number of pairs of electrodes are arranged on a single pyroelectric material, an even number of active areas, which are blackened areas for improving the infrared absorption efficiency, are formed on the infrared receiving side electrode, and each of the electrodes is An electrode at one end of the infrared receiving side electrodes of the pyroelectric elements connected in series so that the spontaneous polarization characteristics are in opposite directions is connected to the gate part of the FET for impedance conversion,
The electrodes at the other end are connected to ground potential, and the movement of an infrared source such as a human body and its direction of movement are detected based on the difference in polarity of the output signal of the FET. Features a moving direction detection type pyroelectric detector.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP664880A JPS56103792A (en) | 1980-01-22 | 1980-01-22 | Motion detector type pyroelectric detector |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP664880A JPS56103792A (en) | 1980-01-22 | 1980-01-22 | Motion detector type pyroelectric detector |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS56103792A JPS56103792A (en) | 1981-08-19 |
| JPH0145119B2 true JPH0145119B2 (en) | 1989-10-02 |
Family
ID=11644191
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP664880A Granted JPS56103792A (en) | 1980-01-22 | 1980-01-22 | Motion detector type pyroelectric detector |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS56103792A (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS58161097A (en) * | 1982-03-19 | 1983-09-24 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | Monitoring system |
| JPS58145526U (en) * | 1982-03-26 | 1983-09-30 | 日本セラミツク株式会社 | Structure of pyroelectric sensor |
| JPS58213396A (en) * | 1982-06-05 | 1983-12-12 | 竹中エンジニアリング工業株式会社 | Ommateal type burglarproof sensor system |
| JPS5994094A (en) * | 1982-11-20 | 1984-05-30 | Takenaka Eng Kogyo Kk | Twin sensor system for omnidirectional burglary |
| JPH0447634Y2 (en) * | 1986-07-11 | 1992-11-10 |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4865986A (en) * | 1971-12-10 | 1973-09-10 | ||
| JPS5035676A (en) * | 1973-06-15 | 1975-04-04 | ||
| JPS5496088A (en) * | 1978-01-13 | 1979-07-30 | Murata Manufacturing Co | Pyroelectric inerared ray detector |
-
1980
- 1980-01-22 JP JP664880A patent/JPS56103792A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4865986A (en) * | 1971-12-10 | 1973-09-10 | ||
| JPS5035676A (en) * | 1973-06-15 | 1975-04-04 | ||
| JPS5496088A (en) * | 1978-01-13 | 1979-07-30 | Murata Manufacturing Co | Pyroelectric inerared ray detector |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS56103792A (en) | 1981-08-19 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US5045702A (en) | Infrared intrustion detector | |
| US3839640A (en) | Differential pyroelectric sensor | |
| US4697081A (en) | Infra-red radiation detector devices | |
| US4225786A (en) | Infrared detection system | |
| US4441023A (en) | High output differential pyroelectric sensor | |
| US4864136A (en) | Passive infrared detection system with three-element, single-channel, pyroelectric detector | |
| EP0354451A3 (en) | Intrusion detection system | |
| JPH0831192B2 (en) | Infrared intruder detection system | |
| US4437003A (en) | Differential pyroelectric sensor with static discharge | |
| WO2005116594A1 (en) | Pyroelectric element and pyroelectric infrared sensor | |
| JPH0145119B2 (en) | ||
| JPS637611B2 (en) | ||
| JPH0216459B2 (en) | ||
| KR830001072B1 (en) | Mobile Detection Pyroelectric Detector | |
| JPH1151764A (en) | Passive infrared detector | |
| CA1182197A (en) | Photoelectric detector | |
| JPH0416236Y2 (en) | ||
| JPH02278131A (en) | Pyroelectric-type infrared detector | |
| JPH05203762A (en) | Signal processor | |
| JP3008115B2 (en) | Passive infrared detector | |
| JPH01124787A (en) | Moving body detecting device | |
| JPH0637306Y2 (en) | Infrared sensor | |
| JP2549297B2 (en) | Infrared sensor | |
| JPH02297091A (en) | Human body detector | |
| JPS637612B2 (en) |