JPH0144012Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] This invention is used to tow root vegetables such as carrots and radish by connecting it to the rear of a self-propelled agricultural machine such as a tractor or power tiller. It concerns a crop digger. More specifically, the power extracted from the power output shaft of a self-propelled agricultural machine is used to cause a blade plate dug deep into the soil to undergo a reciprocating rotational movement in which both blade edges alternately move up and down. Shake it together,
This invention relates to a root vegetable excavator that crushes and softens the soil, thereby separating the root vegetable crops from the soil and making them easier to extract.

[Conventional technology]

When root crops such as carrots and radish are harvested by hand, the resistance to uprooting the crops is high, so it is often necessary to forcefully pull them out, which often results in breakage or damage to the crops. In addition to being hard labor, the harvest yield was poor.

Traditionally, excavators have been designed to crush the soil and dig root crops, or to crush the subsoil, by applying back-and-forth or vertical vibrations to a blade plate that has been driven into the soil. , or there was a subsoil crusher, but if the blade plate was driven deeper into the soil or the frequency of the vibration applied to the blade plate was increased, the vibration that should be applied to the blade plate would be caused by the excavator or It is transmitted to the tractor, tiller, etc. that pulls the subsoil crusher,
In addition to not being able to crush the soil efficiently, the vibrations also affected the human body operating the tractor and tiller, which had an adverse effect.

[The problem that the idea aims to solve]

This invention enables the blade plate, which is dug deep into the soil, to swing greatly by performing a reciprocating rotation movement in which both blade edges alternately move up and down, without applying high-frequency vibrations. The soil is crushed and swollen, thereby softening the soil around the crops.
This was done with the aim of separating the crops from the soil and making it easier to remove the crops.

[Means to solve the problem]

The present invention is a root crop digging machine that is connected to the rear of a self-propelled agricultural machine such as a tractor or tiller and is used in a towed manner. A support cylinder is fixed along the front-rear direction at the lower end of the column that is connected and extends downward from the rear end of the machine frame, and a rotation shaft is rotatably fitted into the support cylinder, A blade plate whose blade width widens from the front end to the rear end is located at the front end of the rotating shaft, and the plate surface becomes higher from the front end to the rear end, and the tip thereof is rotated. The swing rod is fixedly positioned below the axis of the rotating shaft, and the lower end of the swinging rod is fixed to the rear end of the rotating shaft, and is taken out from the power extraction shaft of the self-propelled agricultural power machine. The swing shaft is reciprocated by swinging the swing rod using the power generated by the blade, and the two blade edges are moved up and down alternately. It is characterized by being configured to move and swing.

[Effect of invention]

A digging machine is placed between the rows where root crops are planted, and the blade is driven deep into the soil between the rows.
In this state, the excavator is towed by a self-propelled agricultural machine and the work is carried out.

When the swinging rod is swung left and right by the power extracted from the power extraction shaft of the self-propelled agricultural power machine, the swinging rod is fixed to the lower end of the swinging rod along the front and back direction of the excavator. The rotating shaft is rotated back and forth from side to side.

A blade plate is fixed to the front end of the rotation shaft, and the plate surface of this blade plate becomes higher from the front end to the rear end, and the tip of the blade plate is higher than the axis of the rotation shaft. It is located at the bottom.

Therefore, when the rotation axis reciprocates from side to side, the blade plate, which is deeply embedded in the soil, moves forward while rocking, performing a reciprocating rotation movement in which both blade edges alternately move up and down. The edges of the plates alternately move up and down to lift the soil, which crushes and softens the soil in the furrows and around the root crops, leaving the crops and soil in a loose state, making it easy to pull out the crops. It has less resistance and can be easily pulled out with a small amount of force without breaking or damaging the crop.

In addition, the blade plate that is dug deep into the soil has a plate surface that becomes higher from the front end to the rear end, and the tip of the blade plate is located below the axis of the rotating shaft. , the blade plate moves from side to side as if it is being pushed into the soil, so the traction resistance of the blade plate is small even though the blade plate is pushed deep into the soil. .

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the invention is shown in FIGS. 1-3.

A connecting box 1 is fixed to the rear end F of the frame of a tiller (not shown), and a connecting fitting 2 is fixed to the front end of the machine frame 4 of the excavator. 1 is connected with the connecting pin 3, so that the excavator is connected to the rear end portion F of the tiller frame. A fixing plate 5 is interposed and fixed between the connecting fitting 2 and the front end surface of the machine frame 4, and the plate surface of the fixing plate 5 is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the machine frame 4. are doing.

Screw rods 6 are screwed into both ends of the fixing plate 5, and the head of each screw rod 6 is pressed against the inner surface of the connecting box 1.
prevents it from swinging from side to side.

An upper end portion of a column 7 is fixed to the rear end of the machine frame 4, and the column 7 extends downward from the rear end of the machine frame 4. The lower end of this column 7 is located slightly forward of the upper end, and the column 7 is slightly inclined with respect to the vertical line. A support tube 8 is attached to the lower end of the column 7.
is fixed along the front-rear direction, and the front end of the support tube 8 is fixed to the column body 7 with the front end being slightly lower than the rear end, so that its axis is slightly inclined with respect to the horizontal line. .

A rotating shaft 9 is rotatably fitted into the support tube 8, and a metal ring 10 is fixed to the rotating shaft 9 to prevent the rotating shaft 9 from slipping out backwards. There is.

A blade plate 11 is fixed to the front end of the rotation shaft 9. The blade plate 11 is fixed to the front end of the rotating shaft 9 with the rear end rising higher than the front end, and the width of the blade plate 11 widens from the front end toward the rear end. There is.

A rotating tube 12 is fitted around the rotating shaft 9 to prevent the rotating shaft 9 from slipping out forward.
3 is fixed to the rotating tube 12, and the swinging rod 13
A clamping plate 14 and a holding plate 15 fixed to the lower end of the
The rear end portion of the rotation shaft 9 is held between the two in a non-rotatable manner.

The clamping plate 14 and the holding plate 15 are integrally connected by a clamping tightening screw 16.

The swinging rod 13 is arranged at the rear of the column 7,
The legs extend in the vertical direction almost parallel to the column 7, and the upper part thereof is bent laterally to form a bent part.

An outer ring 19 is fixed to the lower end of the connecting rod 17 with its axis perpendicular to the length direction of the connecting rod 17, and an inner ring 19 is fixed to the end of the curved portion of the swinging rod 13.
8 is rotatably fitted on the outside, and the inner ring 18 is rotatably supported by the outer ring 19, thereby connecting the connecting rod 17 and the swinging rod 13. There is.

A U-shaped fitting 20 is fixed to the upper end of the connecting rod 17. A ring ring 23 is rotatably fitted onto a crank pin 22 protruding from the crank 21, and a connector 24 is protruded from the lower side of the ring ring 23. 20 is pivotally supported.

Bearing tubes 26 and 27 are fixed to both sides of the part where the machine frame 4 and the column body 7 are fixed together, with their axes horizontal and coaxial. A transmission shaft 25 is rotatably fitted into the bearing tubes 26 and 27. A transmission pulley 28 and a crank 21 are attached to the right and left ends of the transmission shaft 25, respectively. A belt 29 is hung between a power take-off shaft (not shown) provided on the tiller and the transmission pulley 28.

Further, a vertical adjustment rod 33 is inserted vertically into a mounting tube 34 fixed to the machine frame 4 so that it can be fixed at a predetermined position. is fixed horizontally. The upper portions of the pair of support arms 31 are horizontally bent and extended to form an upper bent portion, and the upper bent portions of each support arm 31 are inserted into the support tube 32 from the left and right, respectively, and are held at a predetermined position. A ruler wheel 30 is fixed at the lower end of each support arm 31.
is installed.

The pair of ruler wheels 30 are used to determine the depth of digging of crops, and by adjusting the fixed position of the vertical adjustment rod 33 with respect to the mounting pipe 34, the depth of digging of crops is adjusted. .

In addition, in the figure, A indicates the direction of movement of the excavator, and B
indicates radish, which is one of the root crops, a indicates field soil, and b indicates expanded soil. Also,
P, P′, P″ are blade plate 1 in Fig. 3, respectively.
1 shows the position of the tip of the blade plate 11 when rotated as shown by a solid line, a dashed-dotted line, and a dashed-double-dotted line.

Then, the pair of ruler wheels 30 are moved up and down with respect to the machine frame 4 to adjust the digging depth of the blade plate 11, and the digging machine is towed by the tiller and moves between the left and right furrows by the arrow A. When the tiller moves in the direction of , the power of the power take-off shaft of the tiller is transmitted to the transmission shaft 25 via the belt 29 and the pulley 28, and the transmission shaft 25 rotates.
The rotation of the transmission shaft 25 causes the crank pin 22 to perform a circular motion, and the circular motion of the crank pin 22 causes the connecting rod 17 to reciprocate in the vertical direction.

An outer ring 19 is fixed to the lower end of the connecting rod 17, and an inner ring 18 is rotatably fitted to the end of the bent portion of the swinging rod 13.
The connecting rod 17 and the swinging rod 13 are connected by the inner ring 18 being pivotally supported by the connecting rod 17.
When the rod performs reciprocating motion in the vertical direction, the inner ring 18 fitted on the outer end of the upper curved portion of the swinging rod 13
Performs reciprocating motion in a direction that combines up and down and left and right,
As the inner ring 18 reciprocates in the left-right direction, the swinging rod 13 connected to the connecting rod 17 performs a reciprocating movement in the left-right direction.

Due to such reciprocating rotation of the swinging rod 13, the rotating shaft 9 fixed to the lower end of the swinging rod 13 is rotated.
is rotated back and forth from side to side. Since a blade plate 11 is fixed to the front end of the rotation shaft 9, the blade plate 11 is integrated with the rotation shaft 9 and rotates around the axis of the rotation shaft 9 to the left and right. It sways greatly.

Further, the plate surface of the blade plate 11 becomes higher from the front end to the rear end, and the tip thereof is connected to the rotation shaft 9.
Since the blade plate 11 is located below the axis of the blade, the tip of the blade plate 11, which is deeply dug into the soil, swings left and right as shown by P, P', and P'' in FIG. As it progresses, it becomes as if it is being rubbed into the soil.

Due to this rocking motion of the blade plate 11, the two blade edges alternately move up and down, lifting the soil between the furrows, crushing it, and softening it. In this way, the soil between the furrows and around the crops is swollen and softened, so that crop B and the soil are separated, the resistance to extracting crop B is reduced, and crop B can be easily extracted. .

Further, since the blade plate 11 that is deeply embedded in the soil advances while swinging from side to side, it is in a state where it is rubbed into the soil, so the traction resistance of the blade plate 11 is small.

In addition, since the leg of the swinging rod 13 for causing the blade plate 11 to swing is placed immediately behind the column 7, the leg of the swinging rod 13 does not touch the resistor during traction. In addition, crop B will not be damaged by this.

In addition, although the above-mentioned operation was explained in the case of digging up root crops, the digging machine according to the present invention can also be used as a subsoil crushing machine.

[Effect of idea]

In this invention, a blade plate whose blade width becomes wider from the front end to the rear end is placed at the front end of the rotating shaft, the plate surface is made higher from the front end to the rear end, and the tip of the blade plate is made wider from the front end to the rear end. The blade plate is fixedly installed below the axis of the rotating shaft, and instead of applying high-frequency vibrations to the blade plate that is dug deep into the soil, the blade plate is fixedly installed at the tip. By rotating the rotating shaft left and right, the blade plate swings left and right, lifting and crushing the soil at both edges of the blade plate, making the soil soft and swollen, reducing traction resistance. In addition to being small, it does not cause abnormal vibrations to the tractor or tiller that is pulling the excavator, making it easier for the operator of the tractor or tiller because they are not exposed to large vibrations. Able to perform work.

When a digging machine is passed through the furrows where root crops are planted to swell and soften the soil in these areas, the soil around the crops also swells and becomes soft, causing the crops and soil to become separated, making it difficult to pull out the crops. Since the resistance is reduced, the crops can be easily pulled out with little force, and the crops can be prevented from being broken or damaged as would be the case with manual digging.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a side view of an excavator according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view thereof, and FIG. 3 is a rear view thereof. The explanation of the symbols of the main parts constituting the present invention is as follows. P, P', P''...Tip of blade plate, 4...Machine frame, 7
...Column, 8...Support cylinder, 9...Rotation shaft, 11...
...Blade plate, 13...Swinging rod.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claim for Utility Model Registration] A root crop digging machine that is connected to the rear of a self-propelled agricultural machine such as a tractor or tiller and is used in a towed manner, the rear part of the self-propelled agricultural machine A machine frame is connected to the machine frame, and a support cylinder is fixed along the front-rear direction to the lower end of a column extending downward from the rear end of the machine frame, and a rotation shaft is rotatable on this support cylinder. A blade plate which is fitted inside and whose blade width widens from the front end to the rear end is provided at the front end of the rotating shaft, and the plate surface becomes higher from the front end to the rear end, The tip of the swinging rod is fixedly located below the axis of the rotating shaft, and the lower end of the swinging rod is fixed to the rear end of the rotating shaft, and the swinging rod is fixedly installed with its tip located below the axis of the rotating shaft. By swinging the swinging rod using the power extracted from the shaft, the rotating shaft is rotated back and forth, so that the edges of both blades alternately move up and down on the blade plate that is deeply dug into the soil. A digging machine for root crops, characterized in that it is configured to swing by performing a reciprocating rotational motion.