JPH0137238B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0137238B2 JPH0137238B2 JP56110449A JP11044981A JPH0137238B2 JP H0137238 B2 JPH0137238 B2 JP H0137238B2 JP 56110449 A JP56110449 A JP 56110449A JP 11044981 A JP11044981 A JP 11044981A JP H0137238 B2 JPH0137238 B2 JP H0137238B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- metal
- pipe
- ceramic
- clad
- ceramic pipe
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 72
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 72
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910003564 SiAlON Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001513 hot isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims 2
- -1 Si 3 N 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017709 Ni Co Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003267 Ni-Co Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003262 Ni‐Co Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052575 non-oxide ceramic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011225 non-oxide ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052574 oxide ceramic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011224 oxide ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002250 progressing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/02—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating by means of a press ; Diffusion bonding
- B23K20/021—Isostatic pressure welding
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ceramic Products (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は熱間静水圧プレス法（以下HIP法とい
う）を利用した金属クラツドセラミツクパイプの
製造方法に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a metal-clad ceramic pipe using a hot isostatic pressing method (hereinafter referred to as the HIP method).
セラミツク材料は耐熱性、耐薬品性、耐摩耗性
に勝れているところから高温構造材料として注目
され、その利用開発が進められているが、一面
(1) 脆性材料であるため亀裂の伝播速度が早く、
破壊が瞬時に進行する。 Ceramic materials have attracted attention as high-temperature structural materials due to their excellent heat resistance, chemical resistance, and wear resistance, and development of their use is progressing. is early,
Destruction progresses instantly.
(2) 機械加工が困難であるために金属部材や他の
セラミツク部材との結合ができない。(2) It is difficult to machine, so it cannot be combined with metal parts or other ceramic parts.
(3) 多くのセラミツク材料は気孔率が10〜30％と
大きいため粘性の低い流体、例えば水、ガラス
等が気孔内に浸透したり通過したりする
などの欠点を有しているためセラミツク製のパイ
プの用途は非常に制約されており、未だ十分な性
能を具えたパイプを得るに至つていない。(3) Many ceramic materials have a high porosity of 10 to 30%, so low viscosity fluids such as water and glass can penetrate or pass through the pores. The uses of pipes are very limited, and pipes with sufficient performance have not yet been obtained.
そのためかかるセラミツク材料の欠点を補なつ
て、従来種々の材料が使用されており、例えば現
在、熱交換器材料として使用もしくは開発されつ
つあるセラミツクス材料としては反応焼結法によ
るSiCパイプやガラスがあるが、これら材料はあ
る程度の耐熱性を有するものの前記の如く脆性破
壊を生じ瞬時に大きなクラツクができる外、他の
部材との結合が困難であるという欠点が残り、
又、高温ガス・腐食性ガス輸送用パイプとして
は、高温ガス輸送用に用いられているセラミツク
スは現に殆んど見当らず、腐食性ガス輸送用には
黒鉛パイプに鉛の如き金属や樹脂などを含浸した
ものが多用されているが、使用温度は僅かに百数
十度以下であり、現在の高温を伴なう輸送には実
際上適していない。更に粉粒体噴出用や紡糸用ノ
ズル等では耐摩耗性を要求されるものが多いが、
金具への固定は単に押えているだけか、又は焼き
嵌めであり振動に弱いという欠点を曝露してい
る。 Therefore, various materials have been used to compensate for the drawbacks of ceramic materials. For example, ceramic materials currently being used or being developed as heat exchanger materials include SiC pipes and glass made by reaction sintering. However, although these materials have a certain degree of heat resistance, they suffer from brittle fracture as mentioned above, causing instant large cracks, and they also have the disadvantage of being difficult to bond with other parts.
Furthermore, as for pipes for transporting high-temperature gases and corrosive gases, there are almost no ceramics used for transporting high-temperature gases, and metals such as lead or resin are used in graphite pipes for transporting corrosive gases. Impregnated products are often used, but the temperature at which they are used is only below 100 degrees Celsius, making them practically unsuitable for the current high-temperature transportation. Furthermore, wear resistance is often required for nozzles for ejecting powder and granular materials, spinning nozzles, etc.
The fixation to the metal fittings is simply by pressing or by shrink fitting, which exposes the drawback of being vulnerable to vibration.
殊に従来、金属とセラミツクとの結合は極めて
難儀な技術課題の１つであり、長年にわたり研究
が重ねられて来たが、仲々効果的な手段を見出す
に至らず、漸く、最近になりセラミツク素材と熱
膨脹係数が近いFe−Ni−Co合金による高温ロウ
付け法によつて密着性にほぼ解決の端緒を見出し
たところである。 In particular, the bonding of metals and ceramics has been one of the most difficult technical issues in the past, and although many years of research have been carried out, no effective means have been found, and only recently has ceramics been developed. We have almost found a solution to the problem of adhesion by using a high-temperature brazing method using an Fe-Ni-Co alloy that has a coefficient of thermal expansion close to that of the material.
本発明者らは、かかる現状に即応し、それら各
欠点を解消すべく鋭意検討を重ね、その結果、近
時、鋳造欠陥の除去を始め金属の接合、あるいは
高密度化に顕著な効果を発揮するとして注目され
るHIP法の利用を知見するに及び、セラミツク材
料の欠点を金属材料でクラツドして、各種広範な
用途に使用でき得る金属クラツドセラミツクパイ
プの製造に到達した。 In response to the current situation, the inventors of the present invention have conducted extensive studies to eliminate each of these drawbacks, and as a result, they have recently achieved remarkable effects in eliminating casting defects, joining metals, and increasing density. After discovering the use of the HIP method, which is attracting attention as a method of cladding, we succeeded in manufacturing metal-clad ceramic pipes that can be used for a wide variety of applications by cladding the disadvantages of ceramic materials with metal materials.
即ち、本発明はセラミツク材料の欠点を金属材
料でクラツドして解決し熱交換器用パイプ、高温
ガス、腐食性ガス輸送用パイプ、スラリー輸送用
パイプ、ノズル、バーナー用パイプ等広汎な分野
に使用して効果的な金属クラツドセラミツクパイ
プ及びその製造方法を提供すること、換言すれ
ば、耐熱性、耐熱衝撃性、気密性、耐摩耗性、耐
腐食性が要求される如き部材として使用でき、か
つ容易に他の材料とネジなどにより結合できるよ
うな金属クラツドセラミツクパイプとその製造方
法を提供することを目的とするものである。 That is, the present invention solves the drawbacks of ceramic materials by cladding them with metal materials, and can be used in a wide range of fields such as pipes for heat exchangers, pipes for transporting high-temperature gases and corrosive gases, pipes for transporting slurry, nozzles, and pipes for burners. In other words, to provide an effective metal clad ceramic pipe and a method for manufacturing the same, which can be used as a member that requires heat resistance, thermal shock resistance, airtightness, abrasion resistance, and corrosion resistance. The object of the present invention is to provide a metal clad ceramic pipe that can be easily connected to other materials using screws, etc., and a method for manufacturing the same.
しかして、かかる本発明の目的は、外面に凹凸
を有するセラミツクパイプを使用し、その外面に
クラツドする金属パイプを、一方、内面に前記金
属パイプ材料と溶接可能な金属からなるパイプ又
は中実材を配し、それら金属パイプ又は中実材と
前記外側の金属パイプとを少くともその両端部に
おいて接合しシールして、その後、HIP処理を行
なつて外側の金属パイプをセラミツクパイプの外
面に圧着させると共に、内側の金属パイプ又は中
実材を除去することによつて達せられる。 Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to use a ceramic pipe having an uneven outer surface, to clad a metal pipe on the outer surface, and to use a pipe or solid material on the inner surface made of a metal that can be welded to the metal pipe material. The metal pipes or solid material and the outer metal pipe are joined and sealed at least at both ends, and then the outer metal pipe is crimped to the outer surface of the ceramic pipe by HIP treatment. This is achieved by removing the inner metal pipe or solid material.
ここでクラツド製品の製作にHIP法を利用する
こと自体は、例えば鋼板を母材とし、これに金属
板をクラツドするクラツド鋼板の製造において本
出願人の提案するところであるが、これは金属同
志のクラツドであり比較的容易な面をもつている
が本発明方法はセラミツクパイプを母材とするも
のであり、かかる異種材料間のクラツドに関して
は現在末だ提案されておらず、本発明をもつて〓
矢とするものである。 Here, the use of the HIP method in the production of clad products is proposed by the applicant in the production of clad steel plates, for example, in which a steel plate is used as a base material and a metal plate is clad to it. Although the method of the present invention uses a ceramic pipe as a base material, there has been no proposal to date regarding such a cladding between different materials, and the method of the present invention has the advantage of being relatively easy. 〓
It is used as an arrow.
以下、本発明方法の具体的な実施態様を添付図
面を参照しつつ順次詳述する。 Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the method of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
第１図は、本発明において母材とするセラミツ
クパイプの１例であり、パイプ１外面には図示の
如く微細な凹凸が形成されている。この場合、凹
凸形状は、母材のセラミツクパイプと、クラツド
する金属パイプとの材質により適宜、適切な形状
が選択されるが例えば数ミリメートルの凹凸差を
もつ凹凸でもHIP処理によれば隙間なく完全にク
ラツドすることができる。なお、かかる外面に凹
凸を有するセラミツクパイプ１を得るにはセラミ
ツクパイプにシヨツトブラスト法等によりセラミ
ツク粉末を吹きつける等公知の手段によつて容易
に製造することができる。 FIG. 1 shows an example of a ceramic pipe used as a base material in the present invention, and the outer surface of the pipe 1 has minute irregularities formed as shown in the figure. In this case, the appropriate shape of the unevenness is selected depending on the materials of the base ceramic pipe and the metal pipe to be clad, but even if the difference in unevenness is several millimeters, the HIP process will complete the process without any gaps. can be closed to. The ceramic pipe 1 having such an uneven outer surface can be easily manufactured by known means such as spraying ceramic powder onto a ceramic pipe by shot blasting or the like.
前記セラミツクパイプ１は、その材質としては
例えばAl2O3、SiAlONなどの酸化物系セラミツ
クスのみならず、Si3N4、SiCなどの非酸化物系
セラミツクスも使用可能であり更にこれらにＹ、
Al、Mgなどの酸化物又は窒化物等を焼結助剤と
して混合したものも包含される。そして、前記セ
ラミツクパイプを母材としてクラツドパイプを製
造するに際しては、該セラミツクパイプ１を先ず
第２図に示すようにクラツドしようとする金属パ
イプ２と、内挿用金属パイプ３および内外両金属
パイプ２，３間で、下端部をシールするために嵌
着されるリング４とで形成される空間に配置し、
即ち、セラミツクパイプ１の外面にクラツドしよ
うとする金属パイプ２、一方、内面に内挿用金属
パイプ３を配して該空間の上端を脱気用パイプ５
を有する上部リング４′で蓋をし各金属部材で形
成される隙間を溶接などにより気密にする。 The ceramic pipe 1 can be made of not only oxide ceramics such as Al 2 O 3 and SiAlON, but also non-oxide ceramics such as Si 3 N 4 and SiC.
Also included are mixtures of oxides or nitrides of Al, Mg, etc. as sintering aids. When manufacturing a clad pipe using the ceramic pipe as a base material, the ceramic pipe 1 is first assembled with a metal pipe 2 to be clad, as shown in FIG. , 3 and a ring 4 fitted to seal the lower end,
That is, a metal pipe 2 is placed on the outer surface of the ceramic pipe 1, and a metal pipe 3 for insertion is arranged on the inner surface, and the upper end of the space is covered with a deaeration pipe 5.
The gap formed by each metal member is made airtight by welding or the like.
従つて外側の金属パイプ２と、内側の金属パイ
プ３とは互いに溶接可能な金属であることが望ま
しい。 Therefore, it is desirable that the outer metal pipe 2 and the inner metal pipe 3 are made of metal that can be welded to each other.
上記セラミツクパイプ１にクラツドする前記金
属パイプ３の材質としては、一般にFe、Ni、
Ti、Crあるいはこれらの何れかを主成分とする
金属が使用され、一方、内側の内挿用金属パイプ
３の材質としてはHIP処理後の除去の点から熱膨
張係数の大きい金属が使用される。 The material of the metal pipe 3 clad to the ceramic pipe 1 is generally Fe, Ni,
Ti, Cr, or a metal containing either of these as a main component is used, while a metal with a large coefficient of thermal expansion is used as the material of the inner metal pipe 3 for removal after HIP treatment. .
かくて、このようにして配置され、気密にされ
た第２図に図示する構造体は、全体を室温下又は
高温下で脱気パイプ５を通じて真空引きし、内部
に残存している空気、付着した水分などを除去し
た後、通常のHIP処理におけると同様、脱気パイ
プを潰し鍛接し、更に溶接して内部の気密性が確
実に保持されるようにする。 The structure shown in FIG. 2 thus arranged and made airtight is then evacuated as a whole through the degassing pipe 5 at room temperature or high temperature to remove any air remaining inside and any adhesion. After removing the moisture, etc., the deaeration pipe is crushed and forge-welded, as in normal HIP processing, and then welded to ensure that the internal airtightness is maintained.
なお、この脱気操作は本発明において必ずしも
必須ではないが、セラミツクパイプ１とクラツド
する金属パイプ２との界面を清浄に保持したい場
合や、HIP処理の確実性が重要である場合には実
施することが好ましく、かつ効果的である。又、
長いパイプで脱気パイプを設けても内部全体を清
浄にすることが困難な場合には、Fi、Zrなどの
ゲツタ材を内部に入れ、HIP処理後、除去するよ
うにしてもよい。 Although this degassing operation is not necessarily essential in the present invention, it is carried out when it is desired to keep the interface between the ceramic pipe 1 and the clad metal pipe 2 clean, or when the reliability of the HIP treatment is important. is preferable and effective. or,
If it is difficult to clean the entire interior even if a long degassing pipe is provided, a getter material such as Fi or Zr may be placed inside and removed after HIP treatment.
特にクラツドされるセラミツクパイプ１の肉厚
が余り厚くなく、比較的薄いような場合には外側
のクラツドする金属パイプ２と、内挿した金属パ
イプ３とを前記の如きリング４，４′を使用する
ことなく、両端部において直接溶着しても差支え
ない。 In particular, when the wall thickness of the ceramic pipe 1 to be clad is not very thick and is relatively thin, the rings 4 and 4' as described above are used to connect the outer metal pipe 2 to be clad and the metal pipe 3 inserted. There is no problem in directly welding at both ends without having to do so.
以上の操作を終え、脱気と共に端部の接合、シ
ールがなされ、内部の気密性が確実に保持された
セラミツクパイプ１、外側金属パイプ２及び内側
金属パイプ３からなる構造体は次いでHIP装置に
装入され、公知の手法によりHIP処理に付され
る。HIP処理は、クラツドする金属材料が充分に
塑性変形して密着し得る温度及び圧力下に保持す
る必要があり、処理時間は母材のセラミツク材料
とクラツドする金属材料が密着した状態で充分拡
散接合するだけの時間をかけなければならない。
特にHIP圧力と温度は、母材のセラミツク材料と
クラツドする金属材料の厚さと密接な関係があ
り、同一HIP温度の場合クラツドする金属材料の
厚さが厚い程その変形抵抗も大となるから両材料
を密着させるためには高いHIP圧力が要求され、
また同一HIP圧力では、クラツド材の厚さが厚い
程、クラツド材の軟化度を高めて密着し易くする
ためには高いHIP温度が必要となる。 After completing the above operations, the structure consisting of the ceramic pipe 1, the outer metal pipe 2, and the inner metal pipe 3, whose ends have been degassed, joined and sealed, and whose internal airtightness has been reliably maintained, is then transferred to a HIP device. It is charged and subjected to HIP treatment using a known method. HIP processing must be maintained at a temperature and pressure that will allow the metal material to be clad to be sufficiently plastically deformed and bonded, and the treatment time must be set to ensure sufficient diffusion bonding between the base ceramic material and the metal material to be clad. You have to take the time to do it.
In particular, the HIP pressure and temperature are closely related to the thickness of the base ceramic material and the clad metal material, and at the same HIP temperature, the thicker the clad metal material, the greater its deformation resistance. High HIP pressure is required to make the materials adhere,
Furthermore, at the same HIP pressure, the thicker the clad material, the higher the HIP temperature is required to increase the degree of softening of the clad material and make it easier to adhere.
しかし、HIP温度、HIP圧力を高くすること
は、それだけ昇温、昇圧時間及び降温、降圧時間
が長くなり、HIP処理に長時間を要し、生産性を
低下させるのみならずコストアツプの要因ともな
るので、これらHIP処理条件はセラミツク材料、
クラツドする金属材料及びこれらの厚さに応じて
適宜選定することが有利である。 However, increasing the HIP temperature and HIP pressure increases the temperature and pressure increase time as well as the temperature and pressure decrease time, requiring a long time for HIP processing, which not only reduces productivity but also increases costs. Therefore, these HIP processing conditions apply to ceramic materials,
It is advantageous to make a suitable selection depending on the metal materials to be clad and their thicknesses.
かくしてHIP処理の終了した前記セラミツクパ
イプ１、金属パイプ２，３は、これを大気圧下で
該装置より取り出し内挿用金属パイプ３及びリン
グ４，４′を除去すると、外面が金属パイプ２で
クラツドされたセラミツクパイプが得られる。こ
の場合、内挿用金属パイプ３に前述の如く熱膨脹
係数の大きい材料を使用すれば、熱膨脹係数の差
により内挿金属パイプ３をセラミツクパイプ１よ
り容易に除去することができ好適である。又、除
去を容易にするために内挿用金属パイプ３に抜き
勾配をつけておくのも１つの方法である。 The ceramic pipe 1 and metal pipes 2 and 3 that have undergone the HIP treatment are taken out from the apparatus under atmospheric pressure and the metal pipe 3 for insertion and the rings 4 and 4' are removed. A clad ceramic pipe is obtained. In this case, it is preferable to use a material with a large coefficient of thermal expansion for the metal pipe 3 for insertion as described above, since the metal pipe 3 can be more easily removed than the ceramic pipe 1 due to the difference in coefficient of thermal expansion. Another method is to provide a draft angle to the metal pipe 3 for insertion in order to facilitate removal.
一般に、金属とセラミツクでは、金属の方がセ
ラミツクに比して熱膨脹係数が大きいため上記本
発明方法で製造された金属クラツドセラミツクパ
イプは、その円周方向に圧縮応力が、クラツドし
た金属には引張応力が残留していることは焼嵌め
の場合と同様である。しかしながらクラツドした
金属は前記HIP処理により塑性変形してセラミツ
クパイプ１の外面に形成された凹凸部に流入して
いるので、セラミツクパイプ１とクラツドした金
属との界面には実質上、凹凸による隙間は残つて
おらず焼嵌めの場合より遥かに強い結果が得られ
ている。 Generally speaking, metal has a larger coefficient of thermal expansion than ceramic. Therefore, the metal-clad ceramic pipe produced by the method of the present invention has a compressive stress in the circumferential direction, and the clad metal has a higher coefficient of thermal expansion than the ceramic. The fact that tensile stress remains is the same as in the case of shrink fitting. However, since the clad metal is plastically deformed by the HIP process and flows into the irregularities formed on the outer surface of the ceramic pipe 1, there is virtually no gap due to the irregularities at the interface between the ceramic pipe 1 and the clad metal. There is no residue remaining, and a much stronger result is obtained than in the case of shrink fitting.
従つて、前述の如くセラミツクパイプ外面の凹
凸が数ミリメートルであつても、かかるHIP処理
の特質により隙間のないクラツドを得ることがで
きるのである。 Therefore, even if the outer surface of the ceramic pipe has irregularities of several millimeters as described above, a cladding with no gaps can be obtained due to the characteristics of the HIP process.
なお、上記説明においては、内挿材が金属パイ
プである場合について述べて来たが、セラミツク
パイプ内側に内挿する金属部材は金属パイプに限
らず中実材を使用することも可能である。 In the above description, the case where the insert material is a metal pipe has been described, but the metal member inserted inside the ceramic pipe is not limited to a metal pipe, but a solid material can also be used.
そして、この場合には、第３図に図示する如
く、中実材３′を内挿したセラミツクパイプ１を
クラツドする金属からなる罐状のカプセル２′に
装入し、HIP処理に付すことができる。 In this case, as shown in FIG. 3, the ceramic pipe 1 with the solid material 3' inserted therein can be placed in a can-shaped capsule 2' made of clad metal and subjected to HIP treatment. can.
以上述べた如く、本発明方法はセラミツクパイ
プの外面に凹凸を設け、その外面にクラツドする
金属材を、一方、内面に内挿材を配置して両者間
隙を確実にシールした後、HIP処理を行ない、セ
ラミツクパイプ外面に金属パイプを圧着せしめる
方法であるから、気孔率の大きいセラミツクパイ
プに対して容易に金属をクラツドすることがで
き、しかも焼嵌めの場合よりも遥かに強固な結合
を付与して従来、困難視されていたセラミツクと
金属とのクラツドによるパイプを提供する顕著な
効果を奏する。 As described above, the method of the present invention involves providing irregularities on the outer surface of a ceramic pipe, placing a metal material to be clad on the outer surface, and placing an insert material on the inner surface to reliably seal the gap between the two, followed by HIP treatment. Since this is a method of crimping a metal pipe onto the outer surface of a ceramic pipe, it is possible to easily clad a ceramic pipe with a high porosity, and it also provides a much stronger bond than with shrink fitting. This has the remarkable effect of providing a pipe made of ceramic and metal cladding, which has been considered difficult in the past.
しかも本発明方法は上記の如く、HIP法を利用
しクラツドするものであるからセラミツクパイプ
に金属が強固にクラツドされると共に、母材のセ
ラミツク自体も緻密化効果を受けて高密度化し、
クラツドパイプを粘性の低い流体の輸送などに使
用する場合でも、該流体のセラミツクへの浸透を
完全に阻止し、単なる熱間圧縮あるいは圧着によ
るクラツドとは比較にならない高性能を達成す
る。 Moreover, as mentioned above, the method of the present invention utilizes the HIP method for cladding, so that the metal is firmly clad to the ceramic pipe, and the base material ceramic itself is also densified due to the densification effect.
Even when the clad pipe is used to transport low-viscosity fluids, it completely prevents the fluid from penetrating the ceramic, achieving high performance that is incomparable to cladding made simply by hot compression or compression bonding.
更に上記本発明方法により得られるセラミツク
パイプは、その外側が金属でクラツドされている
ため、仮令セラミツクパイプが破壊するような場
合があつても、外側の金属の延性により瞬時に全
体が破損してバラバラになることがなく、従つて
内部に高圧の流体がある場合でも、爆発的に破壊
せず、クラツドした金属の最も弱い部分が延性的
に破れ小さな穴から流体が漏れる程度で、噴出す
るようなことがない。 Furthermore, since the ceramic pipe obtained by the method of the present invention is clad with metal on the outside, even if the temporary ceramic pipe were to break, the ductility of the outside metal would cause the entire pipe to break instantly. It does not fall apart, and therefore does not explode explosively even when there is a high-pressure fluid inside, rather the weakest part of the clad metal breaks ductilely and the fluid leaks through a small hole and ejects. Never happened.
しかも、クラツドした金属部は機械加工によ
り、ネジ切りなどが容易にできるので、他の部材
との接続、結合が容易であるのみならず、使用す
るクラツド材の両端にフランジを付設しておくこ
ともできるので、セラミツクパイプを順次継ぎ足
すことも容易である。 In addition, the clad metal parts can be easily machined to create threads, etc., making it easy to connect and join with other parts.Flanges can also be attached to both ends of the clad material used. It is also easy to add ceramic pipes one after another.
その他、本発明方法によるセラミツクパイプ
は、金属でクラツドされているため、気密性であ
る等の利点もあり、現在、耐熱性等の優れた特性
が認められていながら、脆性破壊等の欠点のた
め、その実用化が必らずしも十分進んでいなかつ
たセラミツクの各種用途分野への適用を可能に
し、本発明の有する意義は頗る顕著である。 In addition, the ceramic pipe produced by the method of the present invention has advantages such as airtightness because it is clad with metal, and although it is currently recognized to have excellent properties such as heat resistance, it has drawbacks such as brittle fracture. The significance of the present invention is extremely significant, as it enables the application of ceramics to various fields of use, for which practical application has not necessarily progressed sufficiently.
なお、本発明による金属クラツドセラミツクパ
イプは前述の熱交換器用パイプ、高温ガス、なら
びに腐食性ガス輸送用パイプ、スラリー輸送用パ
イプ、粉粒体噴出ノズル、紡糸ノズル、バーナー
用パイプなどに用いて好適であるが更に本発明方
法はパイプのみならず、直径の方が長さより大き
いリングの部材に適用し同様な効果を奏する。 The metal clad ceramic pipe according to the present invention can be used in the aforementioned pipes for heat exchangers, pipes for transporting high-temperature gases and corrosive gases, pipes for transporting slurry, powder jet nozzles, spinning nozzles, burner pipes, etc. Although preferred, the method of the present invention can be applied not only to pipes, but also to ring members whose diameter is greater than their length, with similar effects.
第１図は本発明方法において母材として使用す
るセラミツクパイプの１例を示す斜視図、第２図
は本発明方法における処理時の各パイプ配置状態
の１例を示す断面概要図、第３図は本発明方法の
各パイプ配置状態の他の実施例を示す断面概要図
である。
１……セラミツクパイプ、２……クラツドする
金属パイプ、３……内挿用金属パイプ、３′……
内挿用中実体、４，４′……リング、５……脱気
管。
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a ceramic pipe used as a base material in the method of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram showing an example of the arrangement of each pipe during treatment in the method of the present invention, and FIG. 3 FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of each pipe arrangement state of the method of the present invention. 1...Ceramic pipe, 2...Metal pipe for cladding, 3...Metal pipe for insertion, 3'...
Solid body for interpolation, 4, 4'...ring, 5...deaeration tube.
Claims (1)
外面にクラツドする材質よりなる金属パイプを配
置し、内面には、前記金属と溶接可能な金属のパ
イプ又は中実材を配し、該金属パイプ又は中実材
を前記外側の金属パイプと少くともその両端部に
おいて溶接により接合し、シールした後、熱間静
水圧プレス処理を行なつて外側の金属パイプをセ
ラミツクパイプの外面に圧着させ、その後、内側
の金属パイプ又は中実材を除去して金属クラツド
セラミツクパイプを得ることを特徴とする金属ク
ラツドセラミツクパイプの製造方法。 ２ 外側金属パイプと、内側の金属パイプ又は中
実材を接合する際に、各金属部材で形成される隙
間空間に連通した脱気部を設け、シール時に該空
間内の残存空気、付着水分などを脱気し、除去す
る特許請求の範囲第１項記載の金属クラツドセラ
ミツクパイプの製造方法。 ３ セラミツクパイプがAl2O3、Si3N4、SiC、
SiAlONからなる群より選ばれた何れかを主成分
とするパイプである特許請求の範囲第１項又は第
２項記載の金属クラツドセラミツクパイプの製造
方法。 ４ クラツドする外側の金属パイプが、Fe、Ni、
Ti、Cr又はこれらを主成分とする金属からなる
パイプである特許請求の範囲第１項、第２項又は
第３項記載の金属クラツドセラミツクパイプの製
造方法。[Scope of Claims] 1. A metal pipe made of a cladding material is arranged on the outer surface of a ceramic pipe having irregularities on the outer surface, and a metal pipe or solid material that can be welded to the metal is arranged on the inner surface, After joining the metal pipe or solid material to the outer metal pipe at least at both ends thereof by welding and sealing, hot isostatic pressing is performed to press the outer metal pipe to the outer surface of the ceramic pipe. A method for manufacturing a metal-clad ceramic pipe, which comprises: removing the inner metal pipe or solid material to obtain a metal-clad ceramic pipe. 2. When joining the outer metal pipe and the inner metal pipe or solid material, a degassing section is provided that communicates with the gap space formed by each metal member, and when sealing, residual air, adhering moisture, etc. in the space are removed. A method for manufacturing a metal clad ceramic pipe according to claim 1, wherein the metal clad ceramic pipe is degassed and removed. 3 Ceramic pipes are made of Al 2 O 3 , Si 3 N 4 , SiC,
3. The method for manufacturing a metal clad ceramic pipe according to claim 1 or 2, which is a pipe whose main component is one selected from the group consisting of SiAlON. 4 The outer metal pipe to be clad is made of Fe, Ni,
The method for manufacturing a metal clad ceramic pipe according to claim 1, 2 or 3, which is a pipe made of Ti, Cr, or a metal containing these as main components.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11044981A JPS5813488A (en) | 1981-07-14 | 1981-07-14 | Production of metal clad ceramic pipe |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11044981A JPS5813488A (en) | 1981-07-14 | 1981-07-14 | Production of metal clad ceramic pipe |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5813488A JPS5813488A (en) | 1983-01-25 |
| JPH0137238B2 true JPH0137238B2 (en) | 1989-08-04 |
Family
ID=14535994
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP11044981A Granted JPS5813488A (en) | 1981-07-14 | 1981-07-14 | Production of metal clad ceramic pipe |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5813488A (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS58124693A (en) * | 1982-01-12 | 1983-07-25 | エヌ・ベ−・フイリツプス・フル−イランペンフアブリケン | Optical recording disk |
| JPS6027665A (en) * | 1983-07-22 | 1985-02-12 | 品川白煉瓦株式会社 | Manufacture of bonded body of ceramic and metal |
| JPH01135536A (en) * | 1987-11-19 | 1989-05-29 | Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd | Fine-dispersion metal carrying compound and production thereof |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS526732A (en) * | 1975-07-02 | 1977-01-19 | Basf Ag | New coumarin series dyestuffs |
| JPS5510855A (en) * | 1978-07-10 | 1980-01-25 | Hitachi Ltd | Method of manufacturing composite rotor |
-
1981
- 1981-07-14 JP JP11044981A patent/JPS5813488A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS526732A (en) * | 1975-07-02 | 1977-01-19 | Basf Ag | New coumarin series dyestuffs |
| JPS5510855A (en) * | 1978-07-10 | 1980-01-25 | Hitachi Ltd | Method of manufacturing composite rotor |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5813488A (en) | 1983-01-25 |
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