JPH0135797Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] (Industrial application field) This invention relates to a pallet changer installed in parallel in a machining center, etc., and more specifically, a pallet changer installed in a machine with a movable processing head. Regarding.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, most of the lifting, lowering, and turning operations of the turning table of a pallet changer attached to this type of machining center and the like have been performed by a hydraulic device.

(Problems to be Solved) Therefore, when this hydraulic system is used, there are problems such as an extremely high production cost due to the expense of the hydraulic power source and incidental equipment such as piping.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention was made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and it is possible to reduce the manufacturing cost by mechanically performing the lifting/lowering and turning operations of the revolving table of the pallet changer. The purpose is to provide a pallet changer, the gist of which is to provide a pallet lock device that removably fixes a pallet at the home position, and a pallet lock device that rotates 180 degrees with the pallet placed on the side corresponding to the home position. A pallet changer comprises a pallet turning device having a turning table for exchanging the position of pallets, and the turning table is connected to the machine frame via a turning shaft having a turning gear and a flange groove in the center thereof. The driven shaft is supported to be vertically movable and horizontally rotatable, and is connected to a drive source and rotatably supported. A grooved cam that moves the revolving table up and down is engaged with and connected to a roller gear which has rollers disposed at a predetermined interval on the lower surface of the revolving gear and pushes the rollers. A cylindrical cam having a main cam part that provides a turning motion is provided, and a straight part is provided in the main cam part over a predetermined angular range in order to stop the roller gear during the vertical movement of the turning table. The configuration consists of a palette changer.

(Embodiment) Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the figure, 1 is a machining center, in which a pallet changer 16 is installed in parallel.
The head 2 is provided so as to be movable in the XY direction and the Z direction with respect to the origin position P of the pallet 3 placed on the pallet changer 16.

3 is a pallet, and pallet changer 1
The workpieces on the pallet 3 are placed on both sides of the rotating table 84 of 6 and alternately set at the origin position P, and the workpieces on the pallet 3 are processed by the head 2. The mounting groove 4 is recessed, and a circular platform-shaped mounting portion 5 is formed on the lower surface side to be inserted into the pallet support hole 86 of the rotating table 84. A hole 6 is recessed into which a locking member 7 is fitted which engages with a locking plate 26 provided at the upper end of the locking rod 19 of the locking device 17. This locking member 7 is fitted into the hole 6 and is formed into a cylindrical shape having a hole in the center through which the locking plate 26 can be inserted, and a substantially L-shaped engaging pawl 8 that engages with the locking plate 26 is paired on the lower surface of the locking member 7. A locking groove 9 is formed therein. Further, as shown in FIG. 9, the lower part of the mounting portion 5 is formed with a generally fan-shaped guiding convex portion 10 on the side corresponding to the engaging claw 8, and the same groove is formed on both sides of the locking groove 9. When the pallet 3 is rotated continuously from 9, an expanding relief groove 11 is formed to avoid interference with the lock pin 20. Further, on the lower surface of the pallet 3, there is a lock hole 12 that fits into a lock protrusion 87 for positioning formed on the upper surface of the rotating table 84, and a seat 1 that comes into contact with the receiving seat 88 as well.
3 is formed on the lower surface of the guiding projection 10, and a lock hole 14 that fits into a positioning lock projection 90 formed on the upper surface of the machine frames 18a, 54b of the pallet locking device 17 and the pallet rotating device 53. Similarly, a receiving seat 91 and a seat 15 that abuts are formed.

Next, the pallet changer 16 will be explained. The pallet changer 16 is composed of a pallet locking device 17 and a pallet rotating device 53.

This pallet locking device 17 is arranged with its center aligned with the origin position P to lock the pallet 3 at the same position P, and is the same as the locking rod 19 provided at the center of the machine frame 18 (origin position P). Move the locking rod 19 up and down to fix the pallet 3.
It is comprised of an actuation mechanism 42 that releases.

Reference numeral 19 denotes the above-described locking rod, and the rod 19 is composed of a locking pin 20 and a guide cylinder 28, and the locking pin 20 is connected to the first to fifth step portions 2.
1 to 25, and the first step portion 21 has a lock plate 26.
The lock plate 26 is formed into a disk shape having a predetermined diameter that can be engaged with the lock groove 9 of the pallet 3, and is detachably attached with a set screw. Further, the second stage portion 22 is connected to the upper machine frame 18a.
A guide cylinder 28 is slidably inserted into the third step portion 23 via a metal 29. This guide cylinder body 28 has the same hole 30 as the hole 30 that fits into the third step portion 23.
A large diameter hole 31 is formed in the lower part of the
A shaft 33 on which a roller 32 that rolls in a groove 52 of a cylindrical grooved cam 51 of the actuating mechanism 42 is pivotally mounted is removably attached to approximately the center of the outer periphery of the guide cylinder 28 . Further, a guide groove 34 parallel to the axis is recessed on the outer periphery on the opposite side of the shaft 33, and a support member 34 is provided vertically from the machine frame 18a in the guide groove 34.
A pivot roller 36 is rotatably fitted into the shaft 5. The guide cylinder body 28 formed in this way is the third
It is externally fitted onto the stepped portion 23, and its upper end is slidably fitted into the metal 37 of the lid member 27, and its lower end is formed on the machine frame 18b and is connected to the metal portion 38.
is slidably fitted to the In addition, the fourth stage part 2
4, a plurality of disc springs 39 are inserted in the shape of palms together as shown in the figure, and a spring retainer 40 is inserted into the fifth step portion 25.
A nut 41 is screwed onto the lower threaded portion.
The guide rod 19 formed in this way is fitted into the cylindrical grooved cam 51 of the actuating mechanism 42 via the roller 32 and is held connected thereto.

43 is an operating cylinder of the operating mechanism 42,
It is attached to a predetermined position on the lower side of the machine frame 18c,
A rack 45 is attached to the tip of the piston rod 44, and the rack 45 is attached to the machine frame 18.
It is inserted and supported by a guide tube 46 and a receiving member 47 that are attached to the guide tube 46 in a penetrating manner. A drive shaft 48 is rotatably supported at right angles to the rack 45 and at a predetermined interval from the guide rod 19 via bearings 49a, 49b, and 49c. 45, the pinion 50 meshingly connects with the pinion 50 and the groove portion 5 that moves up and down the guide rod 19.
Each of the cylindrical groove cams 51 having two cylindrical grooves 51 is keyed. The actuation mechanism 42 formed in this way is
By operating the actuating cylinder 43, the guide rod 19 is moved up and down via the cylindrical cam 51, and the lock plate 26 is held at the pallet 3 fixed position and released position.

Next, the pallet rotating device 53 will be explained. Reference numeral 55 is a drive shaft, and the side frame 54 of the machine frame 54
is rotatably attached to a through-shape, and
A rotary shaft 56 of the motor is fitted with a key at one end of the drive shaft 55, and a bevel gear 57 is keyed at the other end and is screwed with a lock nut. 58 is a bearing member 5 provided inside the side frame 54a.
A bevel gear 60 that meshes with the bevel gear 57 of the drive shaft 55 is keyed to one end of the coaxial shaft 59, and a cylindrical cam is provided between the bearing members 59 of the coaxial shaft 58. 61 is keyed.

This cylindrical cam 61 is formed with a grooved cam 62 that gives a vertical movement to a turning table 84, which will be described later, and a threaded main cam part 63 that gives a turning movement.The main cam part 63 turns as shown in FIGS. table 84
In order to prevent turning movement during the vertical movement, a straight portion 64 is provided as shown in the figure in a predetermined angle α range, and a lead portion 65 is formed in the angle β range. Further, 66 is a roller gear connected to the cylindrical cam 61, and this roller gear 66 is connected to the machine frame 54.
It is rotatably attached to a shaft 67 vertically installed at a predetermined position of b, and is mounted at predetermined angular intervals (in this example, at 30 degree intervals) on a predetermined diameter of the lower surface of the gear 66.
There are multiple rollers 68 with a predetermined diameter (12 in this example).
The main cam portion 6 is pivotally mounted, and the main cam portion 6 is sequentially moved between the rollers 68.
3 passes and one rotation of the cylindrical cam 61 causes the roller 68
are sent to give rotation to the roller gear 66, and as shown in FIG. It will be stopped as follows. The drive motor is stopped by detecting a dog 69 attached to a predetermined position at the end of the cylindrical cam 61 with a detection switch 70.

Reference numeral 71 denotes a lever for raising and lowering the turning table 84, which is formed into a substantially L shape and is pivotally connected to a bracket 72 mounted on the machine frame 54c via a pin 73.
A roller 75 that rolls along the grooved cam 62 of the cylindrical cam 61 is pivotally attached to the vertical piece 74, and a roller 77 that fits into a flange groove 81 provided on the pivot shaft 78 is pivotally attached to the horizontal piece 76. There is.

Reference numeral 78 denotes a pivot shaft, and the pivot shaft 78 is connected to the machine frame 5.
Bearing portion 7 provided at predetermined positions of 4b and 54c
9 and 80, and a flange groove 8 is provided on the lower side of the pivot shaft 78.
1 is formed in the groove 81, and a roller 77 pivotally attached to the horizontal piece 76 of the elevating lever 71 is fitted into the groove 81 and connected to the roller 77 so as to be movable up and down. Further, a turning gear 82 that meshes with the roller gear 66 is formed at a predetermined position on the upper part of the coaxial shaft 78, and this turning gear 82 normally operates as shown in the figure (when the pallet 3 is in a locked state). It is located at a lower position with slight meshing with the roller gear 66, and is linked so that it meshes normally when moved upward by the lifting lever 71. A pivot table 84 is horizontally attached to the upper end of the pivot shaft 78 formed in this manner via a mounting member 83. This rotating table 84 has a rotating shaft 7.
A pallet mounting portion 85 is provided with a pallet support hole 86 through which the mounting portion of the pallet 3 is inserted and placed in a fitted manner at a position separated by a predetermined distance from the center of the pallet 8 to both left and right sides, It is formed approximately in the shape of glasses. Further, on the upper surface of the pallet mounting portion 85, there are lock holes 12 and seats 13 formed on the lower surface of the pallet 3.
A positioning lock convex portion 87 and a receiving seat 88 are respectively formed to fit and abut the positioning portion. Furthermore, a lock hole 1 on the lower surface of the guide convex portion 10 of the pallet 3 is located at a predetermined position on the upper surface of the machine frame 54b.
4. A pallet lock portion 89 corresponding to the origin position P is formed by forming a lock protrusion 90 and a receiving seat 91 that fit into and abut the seat 15 for positioning.

The pallet turning device 53 thus formed is arranged in parallel so that the center of the pallet support hole 86 of the turning table 84, that is, the center of the pallet 3, is aligned with the center of the locking device 17, that is, the origin position P. .

Next, the operation of this embodiment configured as described above will be explained.

Now, Figures 3 and 7 show the state in which the pallet 3 is locked, and in this state the machining center 1 is at the origin P.
After the head 2 is moved to the side and the workpiece on the pallet 3 is processed by the head 2, when the head 2 is returned to its original position, the pallet exchange program on the program is input and the actuating cylinder 43 of the locking device 17 is activated.
When the is extended, the rack 45 connected to it
The pinion 50 is moved forward and meshes with the same rack 45.
is rotated, and the drive shaft 48 is also rotated, and the cylindrical groove cam 5 keyed to the drive shaft 48 is rotated.
1 is also rotated, and this cylindrical groove cam 51 and roller 3
The guide cylinder 28 connected via 2 is raised. As the guide cylindrical body 28 rises, the lock pin 20 connected to the guide cylinder 28 via the disc spring 39 also rises, and the engagement pawl 8 of the pallet 3 is moved by the lock plate 26 attached to the upper end of the lock pin 20. The pressing engagement is released and the lock plate 26 is held at a predetermined height position in the lock groove 9. The lifting of the lock plate 26, that is, the operation of the actuating cylinder 43 is caused by the reed switch 43 attached to the cylinder 43.
When confirmed by step a, the rotation program on the program is input and the drive motor of the pallet rotation device 53 is rotated. Accompanying this rotation, the cylindrical cam 61 attached to the driven shaft 58 connected thereto is rotated once. That is, when the cylindrical cam 61 is rotated, the lifting lever 71 connected to the grooved cam 62 is operated in the direction of the solid arrow, and the pivot shaft 78 connected to the lever 71 is raised to a predetermined height position. (See Figure 6a). This pivot shaft 78
As the rotating table 84 rises, the rotating table 84 also rises, and the pallet 3 on the pallet locking device 17 and the rotating device 53 is held upwardly at a predetermined position. In this case, the lock protrusion 87 formed on the table 84 is fitted into the lock hole 12 on the lower surface of the pallet 3, and the lock hole 14 of the guide protrusion 10 is fitted into the lock protrusion 91 of the locking device 17 and the rotating device 53. is disengaged, while the turning gear 82 provided on the coaxial shaft 78 is normally meshed and connected with the roller gear 66. The main cam portion 6
Since the rollers 68a and 68b provided on the lower surface of the roller gear 66 that are engaged with and connected to the roller gear 64 are rolled in an angular range of approximately α/2 from the center of the straight portion 64, the roller gear 66 is in a stopped state ( (See Figures 6a and b). Then, when it reaches the lead part 65, the roller 68
a and 68b were led, and thereby the roller gear 66 was rotated, and the rotation gear 82 meshed and connected therewith was rotated, so that the rotation table 84 attached to the rotation shaft 78 placed the pallet 3 on both sides. rotated as a unit. During this turning, the guiding convex portion 1 of the mounting portion 5 provided on the lower surface of the pallet 3
Since the lock pin 20 is provided with a relief groove 11 that expands from side to side in a continuous manner with the lock groove 9, the lock pin 20
And it can be removed without interfering with the lock plate 26. Then, when the cylindrical cam 61 is rotated through the angle β, the rotating table 84 is rotated 180 degrees, and the left and right positions of the pallet 3 are exchanged. In this state, the rollers 68a and 68b are sent out from the main cam 63 and are rolled into the next rollers 68c and 68d, reaching the straight portion 64. While the rollers 68a and 68b are being led, the turning table 84 is held at a predetermined height position. Therefore, during this exchange, the pallet 3 replaced on the locking device 17 side has a relief groove 11 in the guide convex part 10 of the mounting part 5 provided on the lower surface thereof, which expands from side to side in a continuous manner with the locking groove 9. Since the lock pin 2 is provided with
0 and the lock plate 26, and the lock groove 9 is inserted into the lock pin 2 at the origin position P.
It is stopped at a position where it can be engaged with 0. and,
When the cylindrical cam 61 is further rotated, the roller 68
c and 68b are rolled along a straight line, and the rotation of the roller gear 66 is stopped. During this time, the actuating lever 71 is operated in the direction of the dotted arrow, whereby the turning table 84 is lowered together with the turning shaft 78. Then, the lock holes 14 of the guide projections 10 are fitted into the lock projections 90, respectively. and cylindrical cam 6
The dog 69 attached to the end of 1 is the detection switch 7.
When 0 is detected, the drive motor of the pallet rotating device 53 is stopped and one rotation of the cylindrical cam 61 is completed. This detection switch 70 causes the dog 69 to
When detected, the operating cylinder 43 of the pallet lock device 17 is shortened, the rack 45 is moved back, the drive shaft 48 is rotated, and the guide cylinder 28 connected to the cylindrical groove cam 51 attached to the same shaft 48 is lowered. be done. As a result, the guide cylinder 28 is attached to the disk spring 3.
9, the lock pin 20 is pushed down and the lock plate 26 presses the engagement pawl 8,
The pallet 3 is locked at the home position P and the pallet 3 exchange cycle is completed. When the fixation of the pallet 3, that is, the shortening operation of the operating cylinder 43 is confirmed by the reed switch 43b, the head machining program of the machining center 1 on the program is input, and the machining center 1
is moved toward the origin position P, and the head 2 processes the workpiece. Thereafter, the above operations are repeated to set the pallet 3 at the origin position P and perform processing.

In addition, in the above embodiment, the apparatus is attached to the machining center 1, but it can also be attached to a general-purpose machine.

(Effects of the invention) Now, the present invention has a pallet lock device that removably fixes a pallet at the origin position, and a pallet placed on the side corresponding to the origin position.
A pallet changer consisting of a pallet rotating device having a rotating table that rotates 180 degrees to change the position of a pallet, the rotating table is rotated through a rotating shaft having a rotating gear and a flange groove in the center thereof. The driven shaft is supported to be vertically movable and horizontally rotatable with respect to the machine frame, and is connected to a drive source and rotatably supported. A grooved cam that moves the turning table up and down via a lever is engaged with and connected to a roller gear having rollers disposed at a predetermined interval on the lower surface thereof and is engaged and connected with the turning gear to push the rollers. A cylindrical cam having a main cam portion that gives a turning motion to the turning table is provided, and the main cam portion has a cylindrical cam having a main cam portion that extends over a predetermined angular range in order to stop the roller gear during the vertical movement of the turning table. This is a configuration in which a straight portion is provided. Therefore, by making one rotation of the cylindrical cam, it is possible to give the turning table a rising movement, a 180 degree turning movement, and a descending movement.
Since pallets can be exchanged smoothly to the home position, conventional hydraulic equipment, piping, and hydraulic power sources can be eliminated, making it economical to reduce manufacturing costs and simplifying the structure. Since it is simple and maintenance and inspection is extremely easy, it is an extremely practical idea as a pallet changer.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention, with Fig. 1 being a front view of a machining center, Fig. 2 being a plan view of a pallet changer, Fig. 3 being a partially cutaway front view, and Fig. 4 showing a cylinder. Figure 5 is a front view of the cam, Figure 5 is a side view, Figure 6a is a cam diagram of the grooved cam of the cylindrical cam, Figure 6b is a cam diagram of the main cam section, and Figure 7 is a longitudinal section of the pallet lock device. 8 is a sectional view taken along the line -- in FIG. 7, and FIG. 9 is a bottom view of the pallet. 3... Pallet, 17... Pallet lock device, 53... Pallet rotation device, 54... Machine frame,
58... Driven shaft, 61... Cylindrical cam, 62... Groove cam, 63... Main cam part, 64... Straight line part, 66
...Roller gear, 71... Lifting lever, 78...
...Swivel axis, 81...Flange groove, 82...Swivel gear, 84...Swivel table, P...Origin position.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A pallet lock device that removably fixes a pallet at an origin position; and a pallet rotation device that has a rotation table that rotates 180 degrees to change the position of the pallet with a pallet placed on the side corresponding to the origin position. The rotating table is supported so as to be vertically movable and horizontally rotatable with respect to the machine frame via a rotating shaft having a rotating gear and a flange groove in the center thereof, and A driven shaft connected to a drive source and rotatably supported has a grooved cam that moves the rotating table up and down through a flange groove of the rotating shaft and a lifting lever in one rotation, and meshes with the rotating gear. a cylindrical cam having a main cam part that engages and connects with a roller gear having rollers arranged at predetermined intervals on the lower surface thereof and pushes the rollers to give a turning motion to the turning table; With,
A pallet changer characterized in that the main cam part is provided with a straight part over a predetermined angular range in order to stop the roller gear during the vertical movement of the turning table.